RHODE ISLAND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY FLOOD MANAGEMENT

May 31, 2011

Get ready!The weather’s getting wild

OUTLINE A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO CODES HURRICANE DAMAGE PREVENTION

CODES: SITE ISSUES FOUNDATION FLOORS WALLS AND OPENINGS ROOFS AND UPLIFT STANDARDS, CERTIFICATIONS & TRENDS

COMMERCIAL STANDARDS PRODUCT STANDARDS ASCE-24-05

History of codes There are two basic types of codes: 1. Planning and Zoning Codes 2. Building Codes

They both came about in response to negative impacts occurring in the environment or the marketplace:

1. Undesirable land use adjacencies lead to Planning and Zoning Codes

As urban land encroaches on rural As Industrial Uses and Commercial abut Residential

2. Undesirable building failures has lead to Building Codes Protection of occupants from shoddy workmanship and

subsequent unhealthy living conditions

Loss of life and property become perilous to national welfare

RISK AVERSION Insurance company losses have led to the

development of such building codes and national standards.

Loss of life and property become perilous to national welfare

Lowering of Loss prevention has reduced risks in construction and lower interest rates and stimulated more safer buildings

FM Global (Rhode Island Roots!) has produced industry standards and ongoing research to prevent loss and raise buildng d standards.

protection of the innocentpublic safety and welfare

Code history is being continuously rewritten as we experience natural and manmade disasters

With every major disaster there will arise demands for improved codes and better enforcement of them:

The Station Night Club Disaster has generated a new fire code for assemblies and gathering spaces

Hurricane Katrina will likely spur on more stringent enforcement of construction inspection in rural areas and items like the strength of garage doors may be reconsidered as forensics show the failures of these allowed buildings to become vulnerable to uplift pressures.

Earthquakes in California and elsewhere are continuing to develop the structural codes for lateral bracing and shear walls.

Coordination of local or geographical codes is also becoming an issue leading to a unified International Building Code (IBC)

How do they work Most codes are prescriptive

They tell you (prescribe) what you must do at a minimum.

For example : Minimum setbacks for house

placement on a lot (Zoning Code)Use of panic hardware at exits

for over 50 persons (Building Code)

However, the trend in theory and practice is towards Performance Based Codes Discretionary Planning approvals in land

use: Special Permits approved by public boards Overlay districts (historical, transit based development,

view and hillside protection. Discretionary Planning approvals in land use

on a case by case basis, not “as of right”

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)

Provides guidelines for achieving ratings of environmental impact reduction

Local governments adopt their own mix of standard “model” codes andoften add their own local amendments to meet local needs or politicsThis is usually statewide but often major cities add their own adopted local statues as well(the ARCHITECT/BUILDER must be vigilant to find out all local laws governing the project)

Local codes respond to local concerns but also need to be compatible with national standards to allow uniformity of design standards, building products, design education and reciprocity of architects and design professionals to work in various locations

events influence state or even national codes

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGSHURRICANE DAMAGE

HURRICANE FRANCES 2004PALM BEACH GARDENS FLA

HURRICANE FRANCES 2004PALM BEACH GARDENS FLA

Find us Herewww.ribcc.ri.gov

Rhode Island Building Code Commission

Family of Codes

One Capitol HillProvidence RI 02908-5859

Latest and Greatest New Code Cycle

Climate Zone 5 for all RI

Climate Zone 5 (Only)

WIND ZONES

WINDS OVER 110 MPH

OVERLAY MAPS OF COMMUNITIESFIRMs: Flood Insurance Rate Maps

Zoning and the V zone

Site issuesSection R106.1.3

Construction docs to indicate1. Floodway boundaries a & design

flood elevation2. Elevation of lowest floor (incl.

basement)3. Elevation of lowest structural

member4. May refer to community’s Flood

Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) to establish these limits

Chapter 3Building Planning Design criteria Alternates to

prescribed: WFCM AISI cold rolled

steel framing ICC400 Log

structures

Table R301.2

ICC SBC ONE & TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS

ICC SBC ONE & TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS

ICC SBC ONE & TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS

ICC SBC ONE & TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS

SOURCES OF HURRICANE DESIGN GUIDES IBC -International Building Code

RISBC-Rhode Island State Building Code

WFCM –Wood Frame Construction Manual in High Wind Areas for One & Two Family Dwellings

ASCE -American Society of Civil Engineers ASCE 24-05 (V Zone focused)

General provisions

WFCM Building Height & shape

WFCM Building Height & Shape

WFCM Building Height & Shape- ASPECT RATIOS

WFCM - FOUNDATIONS

WFCM - FOUNDATIONS

WFCM - FOUNDATIONS

WFCM - FLOORS

WFCM - FLOORS

WFCM - FLOORS

WFCM - WALLS

WFCM - WALLS

WFCM - WALLS

WFCM - WALLS

WFCM – ENDWALLS

WFCM – WALLSOPENINGS

WFCM – WALLSHOLD DOWNS

WFCM - ROOFS

WFCM – ROOF RIDGE STRAPS

ROOF SKETCH BY BUILDING OFFICIAL TO ASSIST NEW BUILDERS IN THE HIGH WIND ZONE

Shear wall fasteners

Roof fasteners

Roof ties and straps

PRESCRIBED VS PERFORMANCE:

-ROOFING

ROOF OVERHANGS -2’-0” MAX UNLESS ENGINEERED

WINDOWS- WINDBORN DEBRIS RESISTANT IN V ZONE

-GARAGE DOORS - (9’-8” WIDE UNLESS ENGINEERED

ASCE 24-05ASCE ISA REFERENCED

STANDARD IN THE IBC (ICC) AND IRC (International residential Code, SBC)For homes in floodways and V zones

www.asce.org online

ASCE 24-05 Building Performance:

Design to not impede flood waters Automatic entry & exit of flood waters

by non-engineered openings (1 sq. in. per 1 sq ft of floor area) (see “smart vents”) No certification needed

Engineered openings which must be certified by registered Design Professional

Water Vents

Hurricane shutters are still with us

Grandfathered

Existing Buildings in the v zone

the 50% rule Section 105.3.1.1 Determination of

substantially improved or substantially damaged existing buildings, in flood hazard areas: if Value of proposed work (code related-not finishes and fixtures) equals or exceeds 50% the value of the structure-it must comply with new code

Understanding Risk leads to Good Design

Know what is appropriate to the SITUATION

Use Design Professionals

Prevention Eases Recovery