Building a Healthy Economy
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Transcript of Building a Healthy Economy
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Building a Healthy Economy
October, 2009
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APPALACHIAN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Building Economy, Community & Environment
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Before any development, we should first ask ourselves three questions:
What is already here?
What does nature allow us to do here?
What does nature help us to do here?
Wendell Berry
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“Warming of the climate system is now unequivocal. Global atmospheric
concentrations GHG’s have increased
markedly as a result of human activities and
now far exceed pre-industrial levels”
2007 report of the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change
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Carbon Emissions: Food vs. Household
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Declining Land Base
Worldwide, available productive land has decreased from 14 acres per person to
3.7 acres per person over the past century
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Global Ecological Footprint
Shipping increased 10 times from 1950 – 2000.
Average bite of food in the United States travels 1,500 miles
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We’ve embarked on the beginning of the last days
of the age of oil.
Mike BowlinChairman and CEO, ARCO (1999)
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Sources & Sinks
Essential ecosystem functions can be thought of as “sources & sinks”.
Sources, both renewable and non-renewable
provide the materials and energy needed for our livelihoods and economy.
Sinks assimilate our wastes and bi-products.
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Sources & Sinks
Sources & Sinks = NATURAL CAPITAL
Natural Capital = Rural Wealth
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Natural Capital and the Economy
Historically, natural capital has been
overused and undervalued,leading to high rates of
degradation and low wealth accumulation in
rural communities.
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050
100150200250300350
1910 1930 1950 1970 1990
Input Farming Marketing
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PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
• Sustainable development is locally rooted
• Sustainable development fits within the ecosystem
• Sustainable development adds value to raw materials and shortens the distance between producers and consumers
• Sustainable development builds self-reliance and cooperation
• Sustainable development lasts indefinitely
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GREEN JOB CATEGORIES
• Restoration and Mitigation
• Efficiency and Waste Reduction
• Renewable Energy
• Health, Self Reliance and Localization
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Restoration and Mitigation
• Conversion of brown fields
• Building adaptation and restoration
• Soil, forest and habitat restoration
• Pollution prevention technologies
• Sustainable forestry, farming and fisheries
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Efficiency & Waste Reduction
• Recycling, reuse, remanufacturing
• Public transit, fuel efficient cars, trucks, tractors and equipment
• Green building, LEED
• Heating and cooling, LED lighting
• Waste and water conservation systems
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Renewable Energy
• Solar – photovoltaic, solar water heaters
• Wind
• Geothermal
• Waste to fuel, biomass
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Health, Self-reliance & Localization
• Organic, sustainable foods and farming
• Food preservation, seed saving
• “Re-skilling” services and materials
• Downtown revitalization
• Healthy eating, wellness, prevention
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What is the Economic Potential?
UN study (2008) projected doubling in market for “environmental products and services” by 2020; 20 million jobs in sustainable energy alone
Duke University study (2008) cited strong job growth in multiple green collar sectors
*Importance of “value chains”
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Farmers Markets in the United States, 1970 - 2000
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
1970 1980 1990 2000
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Survey – Key findings
• Estimated 1,617 customers on that day, 898 “active shoppers”
• Increase of 750 customers over 2007 (partly due to time of year)
• Estimated 10 – 25% growth over last year
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Virginian’s Spend $14.8 Billion on food each year
$8.9 Billion is purchased from out of state
If Virginia Consumers bought just 15% of their food directly from local
farms, farmers would earn $2.2 Billion of new income each year.
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“Small Marts” – small firms, household businesses, non-profits and local
government services – account for 58% of the U.S. unlikely to move overseas.
Michael Shuman
State and local payments to large firms now total $50 Billion per year.
Peters and Fisher
Study of an Illinois community: Local vs Chain Restaurant – 25% more economic impact retail
– 63%; services 90%
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