BUILD INDONESIA TO TAKE CARE OF NATURE FOR …
Transcript of BUILD INDONESIA TO TAKE CARE OF NATURE FOR …
SEPTEMBER 15, 2020
This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by
Chemonics International Inc.
BUILD INDONESIA TO TAKE CARE OF
NATURE FOR SUSTAINABILITY (BIJAK)
ANNUAL WORK PLAN
FISCAL YEAR 2021
(OCTOBER 1, 2020 – JUNE 7, 2021)
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2019 ii
BUILD INDONESIA TO TAKE CARE OF
NATURE FOR SUSTAINABILITY (BIJAK)
ANNUAL WORK PLAN FY 2021
OCTOBER 1, 2020 — JUNE 7, 2021
USAID Task Order No. AID-497-TO-16-00002
BANGUN INDONESIA UNTUK JAGA ALAM DEMI KEBERLANJUTAN (BIJAK)
Cover photo credit: Anastasia Ramalo/USAID BIJAK. Teluk Pangpang Essential Ecosystem Area (KEE)
DISCLAIMER
The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the
United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................. ii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...................................................................................................... 6
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 10
Context ............................................................................................................................................................. 10
Project Background ........................................................................................................................................ 10
Summary of BIJAK’s Year 4 Accomplishments ........................................................................................ 11
Year 5 Approach to Sustainability .............................................................................................................. 13
BIJAK TECHNICAL THEMES — YEAR 5 ACTIVITIES ................................................. 15
CROSSCUTTING THEMES — YEAR 5 ACTIVITIES .................................................... 46
Gender Integration ......................................................................................................................................... 46
Special Activities Component (SAC) ......................................................................................................... 47
Activity Coordination, Communication, and Documentation ............................................................. 48
Year 5 Activities .............................................................................................................................................. 49
Communications Strategy ............................................................................................................................. 50
ANNEX 1A: TECHNICAL THEME 1, YEAR 5 GANTT CHART .................................. 57
ANNEX 1B: TECHNICAL THEME 2, YEAR 5 GANTT CHART .................................. 64
ANNEX 2: ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING PLAN .............. 68
ANNEX 3: YEAR 5 INDICATORS AND TARGETS ...................................................... 74
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 ii
ABBREVIATIONS
ABKT Guidelines Guidelines for managing high conservation value areas
AMCTN Youth Love National Parks
AP II PT Angkasa Pura II
APBUI Indonesia Bird and Poultry Breeder Association
APL Non-forest Lands
ARuPA Volunteer Alliance for Saving Nature
ATR-BPN Ministry of Land and Spatial Planning
Auriga Auriga Nusantara Foundation
Avsec Aviation Security
Bappenas National Development Planning Agency
BBBR Bukit Baka Bukit Raya
BCC Behavior change communications
BIJAK Bangun Indonesia Untuk Jaga Alam Demi Keberlanjutan
Birocan Planning Bureau of KLHK
BKSDA Natural Resources Conservation Offices
BLU Public Services Agency
BPEE Directorate of Management of Essential Ecosystems
BPSPL Coastal and Marine Resources Management Offices
CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
COP Conference of Parties
Covid-19 Coronavirus disease 2019
CSO Civil Society Organization
DAK Specific Allocation Fund
Datin PIKA’s Office of Data and Information
DD Village Fund
DEC Development Experience Clearinghouse
DG Directorate General
DID Regional Incentive Fund
Dinas Kehutanan Provincial Forestry Agency
DOC USAID Indonesia’s Development Outreach Communication
DPR Indonesian House of Representatives
EAP Emergency Action Plan
EFT Ecological fiscal transfer
E-Pass Enhancing the Protected Area System in Sulawesi for Biodiversity Conservation
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 iii
FGD Focus Group Discussion
FIP Forest Investment Program of the World Bank
FITRA Indonesian Forum for Budget Transparency
FMU Forest Management Unit
FOERDIA Forestry and Environmental Research Development and Innovation Agency
FY Fiscal Year
Gakkum Directorate General of Law Enforcement
GEF Global Environmental Finance
GIS Geographic Information System
GIZ German Corporation for International Cooperation
GOI Government of Indonesia
HCS High Carbon Stock
HCSA High Carbon Stock Approach
HCV High Conservation Value
HCVRN High Conservation Value Resources Network
HH SRAK Helmeted Hornbill Conservation Strategy and Action Plan
HKT KLHK Sub-Directorate of Law and Technical Cooperation
Humas Public Relations Bureau of KLHK
IBSAP Indonesia Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan
IDDS USAID Infectious Disease Detection and Surveillance project
IIKA Sub-Directorate of Natural Conservation for Inventory and Information
InproSula Institute for Promoting Sustainable Livelihood Approach
I-Stri Executive dashboard for integrated national management information system (formerly
SITROOM)
Javlec Java Learning Center
KEE Essential Ecosystem Area
Kemendagri Ministry of Home Affairs
Kemendes Ministry of Villages
Kemenkes Ministry of Health
Kemenko PMK Coordinating Ministry for Human Development and Cultural Affairs
Kementan Ministry of Agriculture
Kemitraan Partnership for Governance Reform
KHDTK Specific purpose forest
KK Directorate of Conservation Areas
KKH Directorate of Biodiversity Conservation
KKHL Directorate of Marine Biodiversity Conservation
KKP Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 iv
KKSDA-Bappenas Directorate of Forestry and Water Resources Conservation-Bappenas
KLHK Ministry of Environment and Forestry
KOL Key Opinion Leader
KPH FMU Directorate
KPK Corruption Eradication Commission
KSDAE Directorate General of Ecosystem and Natural Resources Conservation
LATIN Lembaga Alam Tropika Indonesia
LESTARI USAID sustainable forest management project, which ended in September 2020
LIPI Indonesian Institute of Sciences
Litbang KLHK’s Environmental and Forestry Research, Development and Innovation Agency
LPEM-UI Institute for Economic and Social Research of the University of Indonesia
LSPHI Indonesia Forestry Professional Certification Body
MIS Management Information System
NDF Non-detriment Finding
NDw/C Negative Determination with Condition
NGO Non-governmental Organization
NTB West Nusa Tenggara
NTT East Nusa Tenggara Province
OCEAN USAID Oceans and Fisheries Partnership project
PATTIRO Center for Regional Information and Studies
PIKA Directorate of Nature Conservation Planning and Information
PJLHK Directorate of Ecosystem Services on Conservation Areas
PKTL Directorate General of Forestry Planning and Environmental Governance
PPID Documentation Management Office of KHLK
Pusdiklat Training Center of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Renstra Strategic Plan
RPP Program Implementation Plan
SA Strategic Approach
SAC Special activities component
SAJI Fish Species Transport permit
SEA USAID Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced project, which ends in spring 2021
Setditjen Secretariat of the Directorate General
SIASAT Online database to manage requests for international transport permits for CITES
Appendix II-listed species
SIDAK Conservation Data Information System
SIPJI Fish Species Utilization Permit
SM Wildlife Sanctuary
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 v
SMART Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool
SMCA Spatial Multi Criteria Analysis
SNAPPER USAID Supporting Nature and People Partnership for Enduring Resources project
SOP Standard Operating Procedure
SRAK Conservation Strategy and Action Plan
TIGER Biodiversity Conservation in Sumatra project
TT Technical Theme
UKCCU United Kingdom Climate Change Unit
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
UPT Technical Implementation Unit
USAID United States Agency for International Development
USFS United States Forest Service
USG United States government
WCS Wildlife Conservation Society
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 6
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
USAID BIJAK is a five-year (2016 – 2021) project designed to promote enduring changes in individual
and organizational behaviors that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and conserve valuable marine and
terrestrial biodiversity in Indonesia. To accomplish this, BIJAK works at the national level, with a range
of stakeholders, to improve the management of forests and conservation areas, and strengthen
protections for marine and terrestrial wildlife threatened by illegal or unsustainable trade.
This Year 5 Work Plan summarizes the strategy, planned activities, and intended outcomes of the
USAID BIJAK project for the October 2020 – September 2021 fiscal year (FY 2021). BIJAK developed
the inputs for the plan in close consultation with project partners, including the Government of
Indonesia (GOI), and USAID through a series of meetings held in Jakarta in August 2020. The work plan
also reflects findings and recommendations from the Pause and Reflect workshops conducted in late
August 2020, which reviewed project achievements to date, as well as the current political economy for
BIJAK’s strategic approaches (SAs).
BIJAK’s work plan is designed and implemented in accordance with USAID’s Biodiversity Policy. BIJAK’s
final year work plan implements strategies and activities under two key technical themes: Technical
Theme I (TT1): Improving Management of Conservation Areas and Forests, focused on protecting forest
areas; and Technical Theme 2 (TT2): Increasing Protection of Key Species, focused on combating wildlife
trafficking. While many of the planned activities build on achievements of previous years, in Year 5 BIJAK
will work closely with counterparts and stakeholders to solidify project successes into sustainable long-
term impacts. In addition to achieving the targets set in the project’s Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning
Plan, in Year 5 it will be critical to accurately communicate the project’s achievements and results to
audiences in USAID, the GOI, and stakeholders.
The Introduction provides an overview of the project’s Theory of Change, Year 4 key accomplishments,
and the approach to sustainability in Year 5. Details of Year 5 work plan activities are described under
each strategic approach, followed by the updated results chains. The narrative descriptions in SA
sections provide the rationale for the proposed activities and lists the collaborating institutions. Gantt
charts in Annex I present detailed activities for each SA, their timelines, milestones, and expected
outputs. Following the Technical Theme sections, the work plan describes BIJAK’s cross-cutting
components: Gender Integration; Special Activities Component; Activity Coordination, Communication,
and Documentation; Communications Strategy; and Monitoring and Evaluation.
Two overarching themes of the BIJAK Year 5 Work Plan are the increased application and learning
through pilot activities and ensuring the long-term sustainability of project interventions. In Year 5,
BIJAK will continue its collaboration with the United States Forest Service (USFS), and, as appropriate,
the USAID Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced (SEA) project, which closes in spring 2021, and will apply
lessons learned from the recently ended USAID sustainable forest management (LESTARI) project to
BIJAK’s activities at the national level. In this final year, BIJAK will complete the work to support the
application of national policies and approaches developed earlier in the project, as well as complete
activities to pilot their effectiveness in the field with government institutions, technical experts, citizens,
and other stakeholders. BIJAK’s pilot activities have created real conservation impacts during the life of
the project. This will allow BIJAK to identify critical differences between planning and actual
implementation, as well as factors that constrain or facilitate implementation, to inform the GOI’s future
rollout of these approaches at the national level.
Sustainability is defined as the extent to which Indonesian stakeholders take active ownership of the
policy reforms, procedures, systems, and tools developed and promoted by BIJAK, and continue to use
them after the project is completed. BIJAK’s approach to sustainability in Year 5 depends on continued
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capacity building of GOI counterparts and key stakeholders, and institutionalizing BIJAK work products
and approaches in the Ministry of Environment and Forestry’s (KLHK’s) training center, Pusdiklat. It also
depends on integrating BIJAK approaches into key planning documents, such as Directorate General of
Ecosystem and Natural Resources Conservation’s (KSDAE) Strategic Plan (Renstra), and into a series of
strategic communications, knowledge management, and learning events planned for key counterparts
and stakeholders.
Technical Theme I: Improving Management of Conservation Areas and
Forests
The work under TT1 contributes to reducing drivers of forest loss across Indonesia’s 554 conservation
areas, other forested land, and areas not officially classified as forested but that contain important forest
assets. BIJAK’s SAs focus on interventions to improve conservation area management, to enhance forest
governance, and to develop a range of management approaches for essential ecosystem areas (KEEs)
outside of conservation areas. Activities to build constituencies for conservation are implemented
across TTI and TT2.
BIJAK’s final year work plan continues many of the initiatives started in previous years. This will build on
the policies, guidelines, and plans that were drafted with BIJAK support to promote GOI ownership of
the approaches by working with government counterparts to pilot them in the field. Accomplishments
from Year 4 that inform this work plan include: the completed conservation area zoning and blocking,
analysis, and mapping; the enacted technical guidelines on conservation partnerships; the completion and
launch of the Management Information System (MIS) to inform data-driven decision-making at the site
and national levels; building the capacity of technical implementation unit (UPT) staff to assess
encroachments, select appropriate handling options, and to plan and implement encroachment and
tenurial handling; developing options for ecological fiscal transfers through existing transfer mechanisms;
the review and ranking of potential KEEs according to established criteria; and the three completed key
communications strategies for KSDAE to use traditional and new media to build constituencies for
conservation as well as to foster a sense of national pride and support for Indonesia’s national parks.
In Year 5, BIJAK will complete the pilot activities to demonstrate the use of conservation partnerships
to address tenurial conflict while engaging key stakeholders to monitor encroachments and the
encroachment handling progress. These activities will empower the UPTs to share the lessons learned
and discuss their experience with peers to encourage a sense of ownership and commitment to the
continued use of the approaches. At the conclusion of these pilot activities, BIJAK will help KLHK to
internalize the knowledge gained from the experience using participatory zoning to address conflicts in
conservation areas, as well as from the work to optimize the use of conservation data through KSDAE’s
Conservation Data Information System (SIDAK) database and executive dashboard (I-Stri) to inform
decision-making and case monitoring at the site and national levels.
During the Pause and Reflect workshop held in August 2020, the BIJAK team brainstormed
opportunities to build and strengthen constituencies for conservation across TT1 and TT2. BIJAK will
continue to provide technical assistance to support KSDAE to modernize communications by using new
media channels and developing innovative messaging. BIJAK will build the capacity of the Public Relations
Bureau of KLHK (Humas) to implement KSDAE’s media and social media engagement strategies to raise
awareness of conservation area and forest protection issues. Working with civil society organizations
(CSOs), BIJAK will mentor a coalition of CSOs to implement the Anak Muda Cinta Taman Nasional
(AMCTN)/Youth Love National Parks campaign to raise awareness of conservation issues among youth
and inspire a sense of pride and commitment to protect Indonesia’s national parks. If the social
restrictions related to the Covid-19 pandemic are eased before January 2021, BIJAK will support the
AMCTN by holding in-person events to increase the visibility and reach of the campaign. BIJAK will
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work with national parks communications staffs to raise the profile of the key species, including
helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil), Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica), and songbirds, to increase youth
awareness of the threats to these species, reduce demand for these species, and encourage youth to
advocate for improved conservation.
Final year activities in the area of strengthening forest management units (FMUs) to implement effective
multiple use forest management are to provide technical assistance to the National Development
Planning Agency (Bappenas) and KLHK for the completion and handover of the final FMU performance
criteria and indicators, as well as the FMU programming and budgeting guidelines.
Over the past year, BIJAK has researched the feasibility of using ecological fiscal transfers (EFT), which
involve the transfer of funds from the central government to the local government for ecological purposes,
as an option to provide sustainable financing for forest and conservation area management. In Year 5,
BIJAK will build on the recommendations for policy reform needed to use existing fiscal transfer
mechanisms, such as the Village Fund (DD), specific allocation fund (DAK), and Regional Incentive fund
(DID), and the proposed mathematical formulas to calculate the transfers that were developed in Year 4.
This work will enable government counterparts and stakeholders to advocate for the necessary policy
reform and interministerial cooperation needed to implement EFTs through these mechanisms. BIJAK will
work with provincial government leaders in two provinces to integrate EFTs with proposed environmental
indicators to fund improved forest and conservation area management into the 2021 budget planning
process.
BIJAK’s Year 5 activities to protect KEEs, including non-state forests, will focus on: 1) piloting the use of
Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis to inventory high conservation value areas outside of conservation areas;
2) finalizing the KEE regulation for enactment; 3) identifying incentive mechanisms for KEE protection; 4)
expanding KEE management pilot activities to three additional sites in East Java; and, 5) holding a learning
event to widely disseminate KEE management best practices and lessons learned.
Technical Theme 2: Increasing Protection of Key Species
Work under this theme supports the objective of conserving valuable biodiversity with a focus on
combating wildlife trafficking and unsustainable legal trade under two SAs. The first approach is to enhance
the legal and policy framework, including building the capacity of the government and others to address
illegal or unsustainable trade. The second approach includes activities to tackle wildlife crime and to
understand and reduce the demand for wildlife and wildlife products. BIJAK’s work to build vibrant and
active conservation constituencies is a crosscutting theme, with awareness-raising and advocacy activities
under TT2 related to the sustainable utilization and/or protection of key terrestrial and marine species,
including the helmeted hornbill, Sunda pangolin, songbirds, sharks, and rays.
Year 5 work is informed by accomplishments to date, which include: the implementation of the national
strategy and action plan for helmeted hornbill conservation; the establishment of catch quotas for silky
shark (Carcharhinus falciformis) informed by non-detriment findings (NDFs); delivered training and piloted
the use of guidelines and standard operating procedures (SOPs) to monitor the catch and trade of
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Appendix II-
listed listed shark species; mentored the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) to develop a new NDF for
mako shark and an updated NDF for species in the hammerhead shark family (Sphyrnidae); conducted a
policy review of the Ministerial Decree the Administration Directive of Harvest or Capture and
Distribution of Specimens of Wild Plant and Animal Species (No. 447/2003), and made recommendations
to revise it; developed the Sunda pangolin Emergency Action Plan; worked with airport management
authority PT Angkasa Pura II (AP II) airport management company to improve screening protocols, and
improved staff skills to detect and handle smuggled wildlife; held an exhibit to raise awareness of wildlife
trafficking at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport; developed guidelines and delivered training related to
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 9
protected species identification; and designed and implemented a targeted behavior change campaign to
shift consumer preferences from wild-caught to captive-bred songbirds in West Java.
In the final year, BIJAK will implement several activities that were planned for Year 4, but due to their
face-to-face nature, were postponed until Year 5. For terrestrial species, BIJAK will build the capacity of
officials from KLHK, Customs, Quarantine to identify illegally traded protected species by training them
to use the three volumes of protected species identification guidelines developed by the Directorate of
Biodiversity Conservation (KKH) with BIJAK support. A second terrestrial species carryover activity will
train government officials from KLHK and LIPI as well as participants from Indonesian universities and the
non-governmental organization (NGO) community on species population monitoring methods to support
management and quota-setting for regulated species. This training will include a field-based module during
which participants will carry out a data sharing exercise for Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) population
data. Carryover activities to support marine species conservation include NDF development and related
quota-setting for mako and hammerhead sharks, and the field assessment of the SOPs to monitor and
report silky shark landings, by Coastal and Marine Resource Management Office (BPSPL) staff.
BIJAK’s Year 5 activities are designed to enable the GOI to take ownership of the tools and approaches
developed with BIJAK, as well as to put into place an enabling environment so that KLHK and Ministry of
Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP) will continue to support data driven species management and
conservation going forward. BIJAK will train the representatives from 6 additional BPSPL offices, port
officials and private sector shark traders to monitor and report silky shark landings so that all BPSPL staff
across Indonesia will have a common understanding of the SOPs so that they can be uniformly applied to
monitor protected shark and ray species. In order to ensure that new BPSPL staff are trained to the same
standard, BIJAK will adapt the training content to be delivered as an online course that will be integrated
by decree into Pusdiklat’s e-learning platform.
In Year 5, BIJAK will continue the behavior change communications campaign designed to shift consumer
preferences from wild-caught to captive-bred songbirds in West Java. Midline survey results will inform a
two-session webinar that BIJAK will present to an audience of USAID development practitioners and to
wider stakeholders in the Asia region in October. Campaign activities will continue through mid-
November and will conclude with an endline survey to measure reach and impacts. One of the key tasks
related to the sustainability of these efforts will be to identify a CSO partner, social media group or a key
opinion leader with an established website or YouTube channel that will be a “home” for campaign
materials and related information that songbird keepers can refer to after the campaign has ended. Related
to the songbird campaign, if the anticipated KSDAE regulation on songbird competitions is passed before
January 2021, BIJAK will work with social media and key opinion leader partners to widely disseminate
the regulation among songbird sector stakeholders, such as KKH and LIPI, songbird trendsetters, and
veterinarians to ensure understanding and promote compliance.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 10
INTRODUCTION
Context
Indonesia’s forests and marine ecosystems are endowed with the greatest combined concentration of
marine and terrestrial biodiversity on earth. Exploitation of this natural endowment has abetted massive
land use change and has degraded valuable terrestrial and marine ecosystems and exacerbated
Indonesia’s greenhouse gas emissions. Healthy ecosystems provide clean air and water, sequester carbon
for climate regulation, pollinate crops for food, and provide economic livelihoods to millions. In addition
to the consequences of habitat loss, Indonesia continues to lose its rich endowment of biodiversity to
wildlife trafficking. Preserving natural habitats and biodiversity — essential to maintaining functional
ecosystems — serves as a critical driver of sustainable development.
Project Background
Launched in 2016, USAID Bangun Indonesia Untuk Jaga Alam Demi Keberlanjutan (BIJAK) brings to bear
leading technical expertise in the areas of forestry, conservation area management, and wildlife
protection to help inform and encourage Indonesian reform efforts that conserve valuable marine and
terrestrial biodiversity and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. To accomplish this, BIJAK works at the
national level, with a range of stakeholders, to improve the management of forests and conservation
areas and to strengthen protections for marine and terrestrial wildlife threatened by illegal or
unsustainable trade.
BIJAK facilitates collaboration between government and civil society to improve related laws,
regulations, and management tools and systems. In addition, BIJAK coordinates with partners in the field
— particularly USAID’s recently ended LESTARI project and the Sustainable Ecosystems Advanced
(SEA) project, which closes in Spring 2021— to amplify and scale up local-level approaches,
incorporating lessons learned for nationwide adoption. BIJAK also collaborates with these projects at
the site level as BIJAK’s national partners seek to pilot or implement national initiatives. BIJAK’s efforts
contribute to the following high-level results:
● Number of national-level laws, policies, regulations, decrees, procedures, or fiscal and budgetary
practices reformed, revised, adopted and/or applied with U.S. government (USG) assistance to
reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reduce wildlife trafficking, and conserve valuable terrestrial
and marine biodiversity.
● Improved capacity and willingness of Indonesian institutions and organizations to address
biodiversity conservation, especially wildlife trafficking, and climate change as a result of USG
assistance.
● Amount of investment leveraged in U.S. dollars from private and public sources for biodiversity
conservation and/or climate change as a result of USG assistance increased.
● Public opinion and behaviors changed as a result of advocacy campaigns developed and
implemented with USG assistance to support targeted terrestrial and marine biodiversity
conservation and low carbon development issues.
● Model(s) for successful low emissions development and forest conservation developed and
shared with USG assistance at all levels of government and with other key stakeholders.
BIJAK’s work supports the Government of Indonesia’s (GOI’s) commitment to achieve Sustainable
Development Goal 15: Protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems,
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 11
sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt
biodiversity loss.
BIJAK is implemented by prime contractor Chemonics International, in partnership with the Wildlife
Conservation Society (WCS) and the Partnership for Governance Reform (Kemitraan).
Table 1. Overview of BIJAK’s Intermediate Results, Technical Themes, and Strategic Approaches
Over the life of the project, BIJAK will strengthen national instruments and systems to
enhance forest and biodiversity protection by:
Technical Theme 1: Improving management of conservation areas and forests
Improving management of conservation
areas
● Strengthen conservation area
management frameworks and systems
● Reinforce management capacity,
collaboration, and coordination to reduce
conservation area encroachment,
including oil palm
● Build and strengthen constituencies for
conservation
Improving management of forests
● Strengthen Forest Management Units (FMUs)
to implement effective multiple use forest
management
● Expand the use of effective funding and
financing strategies to incentivize forest
conservation and sustainable forest
management
● Protect essential ecosystem areas (KEEs)
outside conservation areas, including non-state
forest
Technical Theme 2: Increasing protection of key species
● Revise and update the legal and policy framework, and build capacity to confront the illegal or
unsustainable trade in wildlife, and meet national commitments to the Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)
● Increase commitment to tackling wildlife crime and reduce domestic demand for wildlife and
their products
Summary of BIJAK’s Year 4 Accomplishments
• Working with Directorate General of Ecosystem and Natural Resources Conservation
(KSDAE), BIJAK technical assistance resulted in the completion of 246 blocking maps approved
by KSDAE for integration into One Map. Zoning and blocking and the resulting geospatially
referenced maps of conservation areas are foundational for effective management at the national
and site levels.
• BIJAK, as a member of KSDAE’s multi-stakeholder task force on tenurial conflict and
encroachment resolution, developed indicative encroachment maps for 173 conservation areas.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 12
• BIJAK and the Directorate of Conservation Areas (KK) trained 52 persons representing 25
Technical Implementation Units (UPTs) and nine great forest parks (known as Tahura, a type of
conservation area) on tenurial conflict handling.
• BIJAK, KSDAE, and UPT staff from six conservation areas designed a new page (called a
“sidebar”) to display data on encroachment and tenurial conflict handling data on the I-Stri
executive dashboard, as part of the KSDAE’s integrated site-to-national-level Management
Information System (MIS).
• BIJAK finalized encroachment handling technical guidelines for managers to respond to and
resolve encroachments according to typology.
• BIJAK presented recommendations to DG KSDAE, Director KK, and Director Directorate of
Ecosystem Services on Conservation Areas (PJLHK) to help KSDAE and the national parks
overcome the challenges in applying for Public Services Agency (BLU) status.
• BIJAK worked with the Directorate of Management of Essential Ecosystems (BPEE) and
Tropenbos Indonesia, a Jakarta-based non-governmental organization (NGO), to review
indicative KEE areas and rank them according to the sensitivity and severity of threats, and
identified eight priority areas that will be designated as KEEs in 2020-2021.
• BIJAK completed a policy paper recommending new ecological, environmental, and biodiversity
indicators to be applied to existing fiscal transfer mechanisms, so that they may be used for
ecological fiscal transfers (EFTs).
• BIJAK began to pilot conservation partnerships in Meru Betiri, Gunung Rinjani, and Bukit Baka
Bukit Raya National Parks under a grant to Lembaga Alam Tropika Indonesia (LATIN).
• BIJAK awarded a grant to local NGO Volunteer Alliance for Saving Nature (ARuPA), a
Yogyakarta based NGO, to strengthen the multi-stakeholder KEE management forum in Teluk
Pangpang, Banyuwangi, East Java.
• KLHK’s Training and Education Center (Pusdiklat) enacted a decree to formally integrate the
training developed by KSDAE and BIJAK on how to implement the ministry’s communications
strategy into its catalogue of training resources.
• BIJAK worked with KSDAE’s Secretariat of the Directorate General (Setditjen) to publish 54
national parks websites. The national parks websites are the main channel for park managers to
engage and build constituencies to support wildlife protection and essential ecosystem
preservation.
• KLHK, with technical assistance from BIJAK, drafted the first Emergency Action Plan (EAP) for
Sunda pangolin, outlining actions to dismantle illegal pangolin trade networks in Indonesia and
deter the actors involved in illegal trade.
• BIJAK reviewed Minister of Forestry regulation (Kepmenhut) No. 447/2003 and presented
recommendations on captive breeding, population monitoring and quota-setting to revise the
regulation.
• BIJAK trained 61 aviation security (Avsec) staff from Soekarno-Hatta International Airport and
Halim Perdanakusuma Airport on how to detect, identify, and handle protected wildlife and
wildlife parts/products trafficked through airports.
• Pusdiklat formally integrated the protected species identification curriculum developed by BIJAK
and KLHK into its catalogue of training resources, by government decree.
• BIJAK and Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP) trained 48 Coastal and Marine
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 13
Resources Management Offices (BPSPL) staff and private sector shark traders on how to
monitor and report silky shark landings in Tanjung Luar, West Nusa Tenggara, and how to
record data on the catch and trade of sharks and shark products from the port.
• BIJAK held a two-week photo exhibit, an interactive wildlife trafficking display and the screening
of two short videos on wildlife trafficking in the Soekarno-Hatta International Airport Terminal
3 departure hall. More than 4,800 visitors are estimated to have viewed the exhibition, and 915
visitors were recorded as having had significant engagement with the exhibition.
• BIJAK mentored seven Indonesian civil society organizations (CSOs) and four universities from
Sumatra, Kalimantan and Java to design and execute a collaborative social media campaign to
raise awareness of helmeted hornbill conservation.
• BIJAK designed and launched a behavior change communications (BCC) campaign to shift
consumer preferences from wild-caught to captive-bred songbirds. The campaign, which kicked
off with a baseline survey of 1,055 songbird keepers on Facebook, had already reached 818,172
social media users with creative messaging and interactive online events by August 20, 2020.
Year 5 Approach to Sustainability
In the final year of implementation, BIJAK will continue to regularly engage with key government
counterparts to provide updates on the status of BIJAK activities. BIJAK will continue to build long-term
sustainability into project activities, through capacity building, mentoring, working with the GOI to
formalize guidelines and standard operating procedures (SOPs) by decree, integrating technical
approaches into strategic planning documents, and institutionalizing training modules by integrating them
into the Pusdiklat system. Throughout Year 5, BIJAK will maintain close contact with counterparts to
ensure their buy-in and eventual ownership of project-supported approaches, as BIJAK grants and other
direct technical activities are phased out in the second quarter of the year.
In addition to the person-to-person coordination to support sustainability, the project will organize a
series of learning workshops for government, CSOs, NGOs, and other sector stakeholders in Jakarta
and in each of the areas where technical approaches were piloted. For example, the learning workshop
for improved KEE management will be held in Surabaya, East Java, bringing together stakeholders from
BPEE, LATIN, and the pilot sites where BIJAK has worked in Teluk Pangpang, Kili-kili in Trenggalek,
Masakambing in Sumenep, and Ujung Pangkah in Gresik. The learning workshop for non-detriment
finding (NDF) development and shark catch monitoring will be in Tanjung Luar, where Coastal and
Marine Resources Management Offices (BPSPL) staff use the SOPs and guidelines developed by BIJAK in
their day-to-day work with fisherfolk, processors, buyers, and exporters. If in-person events are not
feasible, due to ongoing social distancing and travel restrictions related to the Covid-19 pandemic, the
events will be held online through Zoom (the GOI’s preferred platform for teleconferencing) or through
another online platform. BIJAK will hold a final closeout event for the project to share final results with
stakeholders, partners, and counterparts. The closeout event will be an in-person event, if possible: if
not, it will be held as a virtual event. All of these events will highlight next steps, provide an opportunity
to discuss and understand lessons learned, and identify next steps and champions who will commit to
applying them in other areas, to ensure the reach and sustainability of the approaches beyond the end of
the BIJAK contract.
In its final year, BIJAK will continue to capture and report program technical activities, results, and
achievements in regular quarterly reports, quarterly BIJAK Bulletins, and in the final report. In addition
to this, the BIJAK communications team will publish technical briefs to present lessons learned for key
topics so that BIJAK-supported approaches, tools, and methodologies are accessible for reference by
stakeholders after the project has closed. BIJAK will work with partners to identify appropriate
government and global websites, such as Climate Links, Biodiversity Conservation Gateway, and Natural
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 14
Resources Management and Development Portal, where BIJAK knowledge products can be posted for
future access, as well as uploaded to USAID’s Development Experience Clearinghouse (DEC).
BIJAK will increase communications to BIJAK staff, counterparts, and stakeholders to ensure they are
aware of the project’s upcoming end date. Grants, subcontracts, and directly implemented activities will
be phased out according to the schedule in this work plan, with most technical activities finishing by
April 2021. The operational closeout and phasing down of staffing will be carried out according to the
approved demobilization plan, which, according to BIJAK contract deliverable F.5.12 – Demobilization
Plan, will be submitted to USAID by December 7, 2020, six months prior to the BIJAK contract
completion date.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 15
BIJAK TECHNICAL THEMES — YEAR 5 ACTIVITIES
Technical Theme 1: Improving Management of Conservation Areas
and Forests
1.1 IMPROVING MANAGEMENT OF CONSERVATION AREAS
Indonesia’s network of 552 conservation areas covers a combined 27.12 million hectares and serves an
essential role in protecting Indonesia’s remaining High Conservation Value (HCV) areas. In Year 4, BIJAK
began making progress to improve the regulatory framework by demonstrating field-level adoption of
conservation management systems and approaches developed by the project. BIJAK’s support to KSDAE’s
tenurial conflict handling is the Strategic Approach (SA) under TT I (SA 1.1.2) that is most directly related
to the reduction of threats to biodiversity in conservation areas. It should therefore be seen as the
umbrella for piloting SAs in selected conservation areas.
Among the tenurial conflict handling options are conservation partnerships and rezoning. Integrating
BIJAK’s support to conservation partnership and participatory rezoning in tenurial conflict handling will
allow for their targeted application to address tenurial conflict. It will be integrated into strengthening
data-driven management at the site level and data links from conservation areas to central decision-
makers. Improving conservation area management will be supported by building constituencies for
conservation.
In Year 5, Indonesia still faces serious threats, from tenurial conflict to managing its conservation areas
and biodiversity; however, there is an opportunity to leverage the advances that BIJAK has made
improving the regulatory framework, as well as the investments in data management systems and tools
to see impact at the site level.
Strategic Approach 1.1.1: Strengthen conservation area management frameworks and
systems
In Year 5, BIJAK will continue work with KSDAE to promote field-level adoption of conservation
management systems and approaches developed with project support in previous years. Throughout this
work, the project will promote a co-management approach, building on the progress and lessons learned
from the recently ended USAID LESTARI’s site-level work in partnership with KSDAE over the past five
years.
BIJAK supports several mutually reinforcing activity areas to strengthen protection of conservation areas:
resolving encroachments and tenurial conflicts through conservation partnerships, participatory zoning
and blocking, and improving conservation area and Tahura management through the KSDAE MIS. In Year
4, BIJAK began piloting conservation partnerships and rezoning as two encroachment handling options,
under SA 1.1.1, with data-driven decision-making as a crosscutting theme. In Year 5, BIJAK will conclude
the pilot activities with KSDAE on encroachment and tenurial conflict handling, and will hold learning
events so that the best practices and lessons learned at the five pilot sites can inform KSDAE’s work
across Indonesia.
Strengthen protection of conservation areas by resolving tenurial conflict through conservation
partnerships
In Year 4, BIJAK worked with KSDAE and CSO partner LATIN to pilot the conservation partnership
approach in Gunung Rinjani National Park (West Nusa Tenggara), Meru Betiri National Park (East Java),
and Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park (Central/West Kalimantan). Early grant activities included
mentoring the UPTs at each site to create encroachment/tenurial conflict assessment reports and
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 16
identifying which handling option would be appropriate according to the typology of the conflict. The
UPTs and BIJAK found that the encroachments in Meru Betiri and Gunung Rinjani National Parks can be
addressed by conservation partnerships.
In Bukit Baka Bukit Raya (BBBR) National Park, where the main tenurial conflict is related to illegal small-
scale gold mining, the UPT decided to pursue law enforcement as the most appropriate encroachment
handling action. The UPT also identified an opportunity to develop community empowerment activities in
the park’s buffer zone where community members who choose to give up illegal gold mining could engage
in natural honey harvesting and ecotourism as a way to earn alternative incomes. Instead of piloting
conservation partnerships in BBBR National Park, BIJAK will monitor the progress of law enforcement
actions by tracking the number of specific law enforcement actions undertaken by the UPT, as well as
their outcomes. In addition, BIJAK will monitor the results of the UPT’s economic empowerment actions
by tracking the number of households that give up illegal gold mining to participate in the empowerment
program, and working with the UPTs to estimate the income generated by the economic empowerment
program. BIJAK will work closely with the UPT to draft a BIJAK Bulletin feature story that highlights these
results, captures the opportunity costs of participating in honey collection and ecotourism, and reviews
the anticipated long-term economic and ecological benefits of pursuing law enforcement and economic
empowerment in this case.
In Year 5, BIJAK and LATIN will continue pilot activities in Gunung Rinjani and Meru Betiri National Park
by signing and implementing conservation partnerships in each national park. In both national parks, the
conservation partnerships will include joint work planning activity between the communities and UPTs to
agree on how many hectares of encroached national park land will be replanted with local varieties of
forest trees for reforestation and tree species with economic value that will eventually be sold by the
communities to generate income.
Conservation partnership pilots will be expanded to two new sites identified in cooperation with KSDAE:
Kateri Wildlife Sanctuary (SM) — Natural Resources Conservation Office (BKSDA) East Nusa Tenggara
Province (NTT), and in the Tondong Tallasa Resort of Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South
Sulawesi Province.
In BBBR National Park, BIJAK, LATIN, and the UPT will monitor the progress of law enforcement actions
and the development of economic empowerment activities (honey harvesting and ecotourism) in the
park’s buffer zones to reduce tenurial conflict.
In February 2021, BIJAK will hold a national learning event for KSDAE and the UPTs to review the lessons
learned from the progress of these conservation partnership and law enforcement/community
empowerment approaches in resolving encroachments.
BIJAK estimates that under the four conservation partnerships, the UPTs will bring 453 hectares under
improved management,1 tracking the activities carried out to restore degraded landed and the total area
of degraded land replanted with forest species under the conservation partnerships, as practical indicators
that will be measurable within the remaining months of the BIJAK contract. BIJAK recognizes that
reforestation is a slow process and improvements in tree cover cannot be measured before June 2021
when the BIJAK project ends. Participating communities will reap tangible economic benefits from having
legal access to non-timber forest and agroforestry products, while at the same time the UPTs will benefit
1 50 hectares in Meru Betiri NP, 50 hectares in Rinjani NP, 100 hectares in Kateri Wildlife Sanctuary, 53 hectares in
Bantimurung Bulusaraung NP, and 190 hectares in BBBR NP. The potential protected area is assumed to be twice
the conservation partnership area, based on the ability of participating communities to work with the UPTs to patrol
and protect the areas.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 17
from reduced conflict with the communities, reduced threats to the conservation area, and community
participation in co-management of a total area of 900 hectares.
BIJAK and KSDAE will use the results from these pilots to improve the tenurial conflict guidelines and will
provide compelling evidence to UPTs across Indonesia that conservation partnerships and legal
enforcement coupled with economic empowerment are viable options for resolving tenurial conflicts.
These successes will be used by KK and the UPTs to justify budget requests to meet annual encroachment
handling targets. These achievements will directly contribute to KSDAE’s 2020 – 2024 Strategic Plan
(Renstra) target of reducing conflicts and improving management on 400,000 hectares.
Improving zoning and blocking with a participatory approach
Since the beginning of the project, BIJAK has provided technical assistance to the Directorate of Nature
Conservation Planning and Information (PIKA) to improve zoning and blocking as a foundational element
of conservation area management. BIJAK’s support has included assisting PIKA to complete zoning and
blocking for conservation areas across Indonesia and providing formal training to transfer digital mapping
skills and on-the-job mentoring to PIKA and other KSDAE staff.
While participatory zoning and blocking has been embraced by PIKA and KSDAE as an SA to improving
conservation area management, on-the-ground implementation of the related decree2 has been hampered
by the lack of clear, practical guidelines for the UPTs to follow to ensure the substantive participation of
local populations. As a result, implementation has been uneven and ad hoc.
In order to demonstrate that participatory zoning and blocking is feasible, in Year 4 BIJAK began to pilot
participatory rezoning with LATIN as an option to address tenurial conflict handling (SA 1.1.1) and
encroachment. Field activities carried out in September 2020 included working with the UPT in Sebangau
NP’s Habaring Hurung Resort (National Park Management Section/SPTN Region I of Palangkaraya) to
assess and verify several ongoing conflicts, and identifying a 490 -hectare area that is currently zoned as a
special zone, that will be rezoned with the participation
of communities from Hambaring Hurung Village. UPT
manager and Hambaring Hurung communities agreed
with the recommendation for rezoning the special zone
as a traditional zone.
In Year 5, BIJAK and LATIN will work closely with the
UPT and members of the Hambaring Hurung
community to verify the areas claimed by the
community, identify the land cover and ecologically
sensitive areas and areas of high biodiversity, and create
a mutually acceptable indicative rezoning map that
reflects both community and conservation area
management interests. When the proposed rezoning
has been agreed upon, BIJAK, LATIN, the UPT, and the
Hambaring Hurung community will convene a public
consultation to present it to stakeholders, PIKA, and
KSDAE for review and endorsement.
In order to ensure that the lessons learned from
participatory zoning and blocking in Sebangau NP are
captured and used to promote the participatory zoning and blocking approach nationally, BIJAK will
2 Ministerial Decree No. P .76/Menlhk-Setjen/2015 on the Criteria of Management Zone and Block for National Park,
Wildlife Sanctuary, Grand Forest Park and Natural Tourism Forest, passed in 2015.
Figure 1. The green area, claimed by
Hambaring Hurung Community, will be for
rezoned as a traditional zone, where a
conservation partnership can be implemented
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 18
develop practical, field-based step-by-step guidelines for UPTs to carry out participatory zoning and
blocking. In consultation with KSDAE to develop this work plan, KSDAE was supportive of this activity,
proposing to work with BIJAK to collect recent zoning and blocking experiences in Bukit Duabelas
National Park in Jambi, and Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi, to add to the guidelines. The
guidelines, which will be launched at a learning event, will ensure that UPTs can include the approach in
their rezoning planning and in their annual work plans, and can be supported by their annual budgets.
The immediate impact of the pilot activities to improve zoning and blocking with a participatory approach is
that the flora, fauna, and ecosystems in 315 hectares of Sebangau National Park will be protected
through participatory rezoning.3 The longer-term impact is that the UPTs will have practical guidelines
that PIKA will use to guide participatory rezoning in conservation areas as mandated by Ministerial
Decree P.76/Menlhk-Setjen/2015.
Strengthen data-driven management at the site level and data links from conservation areas to
central decision-makers
Over the past three years, BIJAK has worked to improve the use of data for conservation management
decision-making from the resort level up to the central level at KSDAE. The Conservation Data
Information System (SIDAK) was developed with the goal of aggregating quality, timely data to inform
conservation management decisions, helping managers to understand forest conditions and conservation
threats at local, regional, and national levels.
In Year 4, BIJAK and KSDAE convened UPTs from six conservation areas to identify the data fields that
would make SIDAK’s I-Stri dashboard useful for conservation area managers at the site level. Participants
identified data related to the current status of encroachments and tenurial conflicts; data to monitor the
progress and impacts of tenurial conflict handling (including conservation partnerships and participatory
rezoning); and data to map the threats to conservation areas, as the most important to their work. The
need for threat mapping in conservation areas was of particular interest to the UPTs. While most UPTs
already monitor threat data at the field level, currently there is no established mechanism for them to
share the information with national-level managers at PIKA. Using this information, BIJAK worked with
PIKA’s office of Data and Information (Datin) to design a new data visualization page (sidebar) for I-Stri to
meet these needs.
In Year 5, BIJAK will work with LATIN to test the use of the new sidebar and its data content and
processes at the six pilot sites described above, and with WCS to test it at up to 10 additional
conservation area sites (potentially in Sulawesi). The pilots will validate usefulness of the sidebar data
elements for Datin and UPTs; assess effectiveness of data collection, transfer, analysis, and use for
management at site and national levels; define the best tools for data collection and handling, including
Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool (SMART) and technology, such as tablets and smart phones; and
define any additional technical assistance, technology, or other resource needs. The data collected
during pilots will serve as a baseline for tracking how different threat handling options are deployed, as
well as to measure their success.
This exercise will immediately increase the flow of data and communications between national and site-
level managers on specific conservation issues/threats prioritized by each UPT. The increased supply of
data from the site level will strengthen the SIDAK database, making it more robust and useful for
conservation management. At the site level, the UPT managers will use the data to analyze threats and
make day-to-day decisions under their authority. At the same time, national-level managers will be able
to use the sidebar to monitor the progress of activities at the site level.
3 Only for Sebangau NP with total of 315 hectares.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 19
After three months of use, BIJAK will feature lessons learned from piloting improved data collection and
entry through SIDAK/I-Stri for conservation area management during the UPT learning event mentioned
above, which will take place in February 2021. This will support PIKA’s national rollout of the system to
the UPTs that are already required to use it, according to Directorate General (DG) Regulation No.
P.13/KSDAE/Set/Ren.0/12/2018 on MIS.
SA 1.1.1 Collaborating Institutions: KK, PIKA, Datin, Setditjen KSDAE, selected BKSDA and NPs, CSOs,
academicians, United Nations Development Programme – Global Environmental Finance (UNDP-GEF)
Biodiversity Conservation in Sumatra (TIGER) project, UNDP Enhancing the Protected Area System in Sulawesi
for Biodiversity Conservation (UNDP E-PASS) project, Pusdiklat KLHK, LATIN
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 20
Figure 2. Results chain for SA 1.1.1 Strengthen conservation area management frameworks and systems
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 21
Strategic Approach 1.1.2: Reinforce management capacity, collaboration, and coordination
to reduce conservation area encroachment
Over the past year, BIJAK worked closely with PIKA to finalize a methodology for analyzing satellite
imagery data to create detailed maps of tenurial conflict inside conservation areas. As a result, PIKA used
geographic information system (GIS) analysis to identify 1.8 million hectares of potential encroached land
in Indonesia’s conservation areas. At the same time, BIJAK and KK developed technical guidelines for
conservation area managers to groundtruth indicative encroachments identified through spatial analysis
and classify them according to standard typologies in order to respond to and resolve them.
Building on this progress in Year 5, BIJAK will a) conclude support for KSDAE’s Renstra 2020 – 2024
development, b) formalize training on spatial data analysis methodology to identify encroachments and
train UPTs, c) formalize the encroachment handling curriculum and personnel competency and use it to
train 36 UPTs, and d) pilot encroachment handling.
a. Renstra support. BIJAK will carry over activities from Year 4 to provide technical assistance
to integrate tenurial conflict handling as a priority in KSDAE’s Renstra for 2020 – 2024, adding
the target of resolving 56,000 hectares of tenurial conflict in the next five years to the Renstra.
BIJAK will also work with KSDAE to develop a new section explaining how KK’s conservation
area programming will be “mainstreamed” or integrated with provincial-, district-, and village-
level planning.
b. Build capacity for spatial data analysis for encroachment handling. In Year 5, BIJAK
and PIKA will hold a series of focus group discussions (FGDs) with Sub-Directorate of Natural
Conservation for Inventory and Information (IIKA) and consultation meetings with the KSDAE
Sub-Directorate of Law and Technical Cooperation (HKT) to draft a PIKA decree to formalize
the GIS data analysis methodology and the guidelines to groundtruth/validate indicative
encroachments. The enactment of this decree, expected during Quarter 2, will provide the
regulatory framework for BIJAK and PIKA to deliver a training to UPTs before March 2021 to
ensure that GIS encroachment analysis and groundtruthing methodologies are understood and
implemented. After the UPTs are trained, PIKA and BIJAK will review and revise the indicative
encroachment map to produce the definitive encroachment map for KLHK internal use.
c. Formalize encroachment handling curriculum and personnel competency. Building
on BIJAK’s Year 4 work with KSDAE and Pusdiklat KLHK to build capacity for UPTs to evaluate
and handle encroachments on the ground, in Year 5 BIJAK will work with Pusdiklat, KK, and the
KSDAE Setditjen General to draft a decree to integrate the training curriculum into the
Pusdiklat training catalogue. Related to this, BIJAK will work with KK to draft and enact a
decree to create a new personnel standard competency for UPT staff, especially for forest
rangers and technical officers, on the skills covered by the training curriculum. When both
decrees are enacted, KK will be able to include the training in annual work planning and budget
allocation requests.
When the decrees for the encroachment handling training and the personnel standard
competency have been enacted, BIJAK and KK will train representatives of 36 UPTs from Bali-
Nusa Tenggara/Central, and Sulawesi-Maluku-Papua/East regions. Currently, BIJAK and KK are
not planning to train any KK staff that would require Leahy vetting. If such training candidates
are identified, then BIJAK will request Leahy vetting, taking into account that the process may
take up to two months. Following the training, each UPT will apply their new skills to write
action plans detailing their plans to handle tenurial conflicts/encroachments to help KSDAE
achieve their target of 56,000 hectares encroachment/tenurial conflict handled by 2024.
d. Pilot encroachment handling. See SA 1.1.1 above.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 22
SA 1.1.2 Collaborating Institutions: KSDAE (KK and PIKA, Bukit Baka Bukit Raya NP, Sebangau NP, Meru Betiri
NP, SM Kateri and Bantimurung Bulusaraung NP), Directorate General of Law Enforcement (Gakkum),
Directorate General of Forestry Planning and Environmental Governance (PKTL), Ministry of Land and
Spatial Planning (ATR-BPN), academicians, CSOs, Local government, Bappenas, Pusdiklat KLHK, Indonesia
Forestry Professional Certification Body (LSPHI), LATIN.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 23
Figure 3. Results chain for SA 1.1.2 Reinforce management capacity, collaboration, and coordination to reduce conservation area encroachment,
including oil palm
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 24
Strategic Approach 1.1.3: Build and strengthen constituencies for conservation
Indonesia is uniquely endowed with biological diversity and unique ecosystems. Visitors from across the
world flock to the country to see its charismatic species — such as orangutans, Sumatran tigers,
Komodo dragons, whale sharks, sea turtles, and manta rays. The country’s system of national parks was
created in 1980 to protect the fragile ecosystems as well as Indonesia’s iconic species. Today there are
54 national parks across the archipelago, six of which are United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites.
In order for the GOI to build strong constituencies for conservation, they must actively engage the
general public so that they understand the benefits from the conservation of natural resources, are
willing to advocate for conservation, and are willing to overcome the knowledge/action gap by taking
personal action. BIJAK has worked to build sustainable constituencies for conservation through a dual
approach: first, improving the GOI’s ability to effectively communicate about its conservation goals
through traditional and new media; and second, working to catalyze a new coalition of Indonesian CSOs
to build public support for the protection of Indonesia’s biodiversity and natural resources. A specific
target group for the work is Indonesia’s youth. A 2017 public opinion survey by BIJAK showed that
while Indonesian youth are knowledgeable about environmental issues in general, they are not very
familiar with Indonesia’s system of national parks and conservation areas, nor have they visited the parks
near them to learn more about the most urgent threats to their biodiversity and ecosystem services.
In Year 5, BIJAK will build on progress made over the last four years to increase the capacity of Humas
to strategically use social media and mass media to disseminate effective messaging to build public
support for biodiversity and natural resource conservation. In the first quarter, BIJAK and Humas will
convene technical meetings to draft and finalize the regulation that will require KLHK staff to implement
the Social Media Strategy and the Media Engagement Strategy developed with BIJAK support last year.
The project will hold a workshop to disseminate the strategies, when they are formalized by decree, to
KLHK's official spokespersons. To build capacity needed to implement the strategies, BIJAK will lead a
series of training-of-trainer workshops for official KLHK spokespersons working at the national level and
key officers of the Documentation Management Office of KHLK (PPID) working in the UPTs to transfer
practical approaches for implementing these strategies to the more than 200 public relations staff
working across Indonesia.
The trained PPID staff will be able to carry out digital advocacy using a recognizable brand with
consistent messaging, tailored to the specialized needs of each national park and conservation area. In
order to ensure that the training has a lasting impact, BIJAK and PJLHK will provide follow-up mentoring
to selected UPTs, helping them build relationships with journalists and national social media influencers
who will amplify the UPT’s digital advocacy efforts through their own established networks. BIJAK will
work with PJLHK to monitor the progress and achievements of individual UPT communications
programs over five months, giving public recognition to high achieving PPIDs that develop successful and
innovative campaigns. BIJAK will document the UPT’s improvement of monitoring and mentoring to
demonstrate the value of their communications achievements and accomplishments. If Covid-19 social
distancing requirements are eased, BIJAK will connect national park UPT staff directly to journalists and
social media influencers by sponsoring a series of visits to selected national parks to learn about the
parks and meet UPT public relations staff. Connecting UPT staff with journalists will create
opportunities for them to amplify national park messaging to young Indonesians. As part of BIJAK’s
ongoing monitoring activities, project staff regularly review the websites of news outlets to identify
stories featuring BIJAK or BIJAK-supported partners’ sustainable landscapes and conservation messages
in order to report on BIJAK’s Custom Indicator 15. BIJAK will track the number of stories published by
journalists and social media influencers on the national parks, as well as disseminate the stories through
BIJAK’s website and the project’s social media accounts.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 25
BIJAK will provide support to a new coalition of Indonesian CSOs catalyzed late in Year 4 to implement
the Anak Muda Cinta Taman Nasional (AMCTN)/Youth Love National Parks campaign. This campaign
will serve as the long-term support system for the CSOs to connect with and inspire Indonesian youth
to become national park visitors, supporters, and advocates. During the early coalition building phase at
the end of Year 4, BIJAK focused on identifying and grooming a core team of CSOs willing to
collaborate over a 12-month period to implement the AMCTN campaign. The coalition-building process
and the campaign strategy designed in August 2020 were both designed based on the concept that BIJAK
would provide ongoing mentoring and activity support through the early months of the campaign, and
that this direct assistance would will be gradually phased out by March 2021. The AMCTN campaign was
purposefully designed to end in September 2021 so that coalition members would plan and commit to
implementing activities on their own after BIJAK support ends. The training and mentoring provided by
BIJAK, as well as the successes garnered in the first eight months of the campaign, will provide coalition
members with skills, campaign strategy and implementation experience, and positive working
relationships with like-minded, committed CSO that will enable them to plan and co-implement future
campaigns.
The owners and implementers of the AMCTN campaign will conduct digital advocacy through social
media, including websites, blogs, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, email, and texts to contact, inform, and
mobilize young people in Indonesia around the issues of conservation and biodiversity protection with
the goal of galvanizing them to take action to support the national parks. The advantages of using social
media include the deep penetration of the Internet and social media across Indonesia, low or no cost
set-up, potentially wide reach, instantaneous message-sharing, and opportunities to use social listening to
monitor the campaign’s progress.
BIJAK will lead the coalition of CSOs to design and test core AMCTN campaign messages. The coalition
will organize FGDs with Indonesians, ages 18 to 25, to ensure that the messaging concepts will resonate
well with the target audience. AMCTN coalition members and BIJAK will use the core message
concepts to create and produce campaign materials, including videos, posters, website landing pages,
public service announcement storyboards, and short animated clips. BIJAK’s gender specialist will
provide guidance to all coalition members during the materials production stage to ensure that women
are appropriately represented in the materials, that negative gender stereotypes are not promoted, and
that both men and women are portrayed as equal, competent participants in the campaign. The USAID-
branded materials will be produced and disseminated by coalition members through social media
channels and other potential platforms according to the campaign strategy. These may include videos,
webinars, podcasts or YouTube series with key opinion leaders, and public service announcement videos
screened at cinemas or broadcast on public videotrons. Since the AMCTN is designed to be a highly
interactive campaign, it will provide opportunities for young Indonesians to share their own photos,
videos, and personal stories about their experiences in the national parks to inspire others to visit, care
for, and advocate for the national parks. If Covid-19 pandemic restrictions are eased in the near future,
BIJAK will publicize the campaign and help connect it to the target audience through live events in
Jakarta. If they are not eased, then BIJAK will develop online activities to promote the campaign. BIJAK
will monitor conditions in Jakarta to identify if and when the campaign will be able to move forward with
live events.
To understand the impact of the AMCTN campaign, BIJAK will train coalition members to use social
listening to review the overall social landscape before the campaign begins as a baseline against which to
measure its impact. Social listening has proven to be an effective way to understand what a target
audience cares about and for detecting trends in online discussions. Social listening will provide BIJAK
and the coalition members with feedback on the reach and impacts of the campaign, specifically on (1)
social sentiment (positive vs negative) toward conservation and national parks issues; (2) the hashtags,
topics, channels, and keywords related to the national parks that are preferred by youth; and (3)
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 26
differences in how subgroups of the target audience respond to specific messaging. BIJAK will track
increases in the constituency for conservation for the national parks using social media analytics
software to monitor social media engagement and the use of the official campaign hashtag
#KawanTaman (Friends of the Parks), and will report on this in FY2021 bullets and reports.
Additional targeted conservation constituency building activities aimed at changing consumer behavior of
songbird keepers and raising awareness raising for helmeted hornbill conservation are detailed in the TT2
section of this work plan.
SA 1.1.3 Collaborating Institutions: KLHK (Humas KSDAE PJLHK), selected BKSDAs and national parks, Borneo
Orangutan Survival Foundation, Conservation International Indonesia, Econusa Foundation, Forest Watch
Indonesia, Hutan Itu Indonesia, Burung Indonesia, Sustainable Ocean Alliance, CoAction Indonesia, Yayasan
OnTrack Media Indonesia, WCS, community groups (Tambora Muda, Biodiversity Warriors, Divers Clean Action,
Earth Hour Indonesia, Prakarsa Konservasi Ekologi Regional Sulawesi, Relawan for Life, Sapu Gunung, Sebumi,
and Trashbag Community, academician/universities, private sector (telecommunications companies, movie
theatres, social media outlets, media corporations, and transportation companies)
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 27
Figure 4. Results chain for SA 1.1.3 Build and strengthen constituencies for conservation
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 28
1.2 IMPROVING MANAGEMENT OF FORESTS
Strategic Approach 1.2.1: Strengthen FMUs to implement effective multiple use forest
management
In Year 3 of the project, BIJAK evaluated the government’s investments in FMUs, finding that the presence
of FMUs has had significant positive, measurable impacts on reducing the number of forest fire hotspots.
At the same time, the data showed that FMUs have not had a significant impact on increasing forest cover.
Following this analysis, in Year 4, BIJAK developed draft performance criteria and indicators intended to
help FMU managers measure the degree to which they are successful in achieving the desired forest
function outcomes for each type of forest. Related to this effort, BIJAK worked with National
Development Planning Agency (Bappenas) to develop draft FMU programming and budgeting guidelines.
By the end of Year 4, the political economy for strengthening FMUs to implement effective multiple use
forest management had changed. The GOI decided to merge the production and protection FMU types
so that the management of the forest production and forest protection will now be under one FMU
Directorate, known as Directorate KPH under DG Sustainable Forest Management. This change is widely
regarded as a positive one, expected to have significant positive impacts on forest management in
Indonesia. The merging of the two types of FMUs will be formalized by Ministerial decree to ensure
sustainability and buy-in from FMU staff at the site level.
BIJAK’s Year 5 support to improve FMU management will focus on the following key activities to ensure
the institutionalization and long-term sustainability of the FMU approach within the planning bureau of
KLHK (Birocan).
Performance criteria and indicators
• BIJAK will work with Birocan, KPH, specific purpose forests (KHDTK), KLHK’s Environmental
and Forestry Research, Development and Innovation Agency (Litbang) and the Directorate of
Forestry and Water Resources Conservation-Bappenas (KKSDA-Bappenas) to pilot the
performance criteria and indicators at KPH Wilayah V Gayolues and KPH Yogyakarta. BIJAK will
work directly at the sites, meeting with each FMU and provincial forestry agency over the
course of a week to ensure that they understand how to apply the FMU performance criteria
and indicators, as FMU management will be under the authority of the provincial forestry
agency. BIJAK will review the evidence provided by each FMU to document the achievement of
each indicator and will visit the field in the FMU area to verify the evidence at the ground level.
• BIJAK will work with Birocan to use the results of the FMU performance criteria and indicator
pilot activities to finalize them and then draft a new Ministerial regulation to formalize them.
When the regulation is enacted, all FMUs in Indonesia will be required to apply them at the site
level. The annual performance results from each year will serve as the basis for FMUs to
develop results-oriented annual work plans and request the resources they need to improve
forest management.
• Once the FMU performance criteria and indicators are finalized, they will be used to finalize the
FMU programming and budgeting guidelines.
Programming and budgeting guidelines
• When the final FMU programing and budgeting guidelines are received by Bappenas in
December 2020, BIJAK will convene a workshop to disseminate them to the FMUs and relevant
stakeholders including United States Forest Service (USFS), Fauna and Flora International, WCS,
German Corporation for International Cooperation (GIZ), World Bank-Forest Investment
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 29
Program (FIP), Bappenas, KLHK, the FMU association (representing FMUs), the provincial
forestry agencies (representing provincial government), and CSOs supported by the recently
ended LESTARI project, including the Institute for Promoting Sustainable Livelihood Approach
(InproSula), the Java Learning Center (Javlec), and Forum Konservasi Leuser.
SA 1.2.1 Collaborating Institutions: KLHK (PKTL, Biro Perencanaan for Protection KPHL, KK, Birocan), Forestry
and Environmental Research Development and Innovation Agency (FOERDIA), Bappenas, USFS, FMUs, local
government institutions, CSOs, USFS, GIZ, World Bank-FIP.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 30
Figure 5. Results chain for SA 1.2.1 Strengthen FMUs to implement effective multiple use forest management
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 31
Strategic Approach 1.2.2: Expanding the use of innovative funding and financing strategies
to incentivize forest conservation and sustainable forest management
In Year 4, BIJAK completed the policy paper proposing fiscal transfers through Regional Incentive Fund
(DID), Specific Allocation Fund (DAK), and Village Fund (DD) as viable options for financing
conservation management at the site level. The paper, entitled “Designing Ecological Fiscal Transfers in
Indonesia using DID, DAK and DD,” proposes ecology-based indicators and provides mathematical
formulas to calculate the fiscal transfers to be used for biodiversity and forest conservation.
The policy paper explains how EFTs, through the DID mechanism, can be used to incentivize local
governments to carry out biodiversity conservation and environmental protection. EFTs made through
the DID option would be made according to performance measured by the environmental quality index
and the greenhouse gas emissions index. It then explains how EFTs can be made using the DAK
mechanism, based on forest management criteria, such as empowerment of forest farmer groups,
operationalization of FMUs, restoring degraded land, supporting conservation of forests under
management of local governments (known as Grand Forest Park or Tahura Hutan Raya), and urban
forest management. Finally, it explains how EFTs can be made through the DD mechanism by adding an
environmental indicator related to forest cover to the current ones based on population, poverty, total
area, and geographic challenges.
In August 2020, BIJAK co-hosted a public consultation meeting to seek inputs from wider stakeholders,
including CSOs, academicians, donor-funded projects working on the EFT issue, Bappenas, the Ministry of
Villages (Kemendes), KLHK, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Home Affairs (Kemendagri), and
representatives of local government in order to finalize the paper. Currently, the political economy favors
moving forward to develop the types of EFTs proposed in BIJAK’s policy paper. Both the Ministry of
Finance and KLHK are very keen to advance the needed regulatory revisions; however, it will be necessary
to involve the Indonesian House of Representatives (DPR) as the proposed revisions of Law 33/2004 and
Law 20/2019 need to pass parliamentary review in order to move forward.
In Year 5, BIJAK will lead a working group with representatives of the Ministry of Finance, Kemendagri,
Kemendes, the Ministry of Remote Rural Community and Transmigration, and KLHK to revise regulation
Permenkeu No. 205/PMK.07/2019 on Village Fund Allocation and Permen LHK No. P.7/2020 on DAK
Utilization. The technical discussions to add ecological indicators for each fiscal transfer mechanism to this
regulation are expected to take up to six months and the process will be monitored and assisted by
Kemitraan and the Fiscal Policy Agency if they extend beyond the end date of the BIJAK contract. When
the regulations are revised, they will allow for the national rollout of the EFT approach through DID,
DAK, and DD and will provide official guidance on how provincial governments can request EFTs through
these mechanisms.
While that process is taking place, BIJAK will initiate technical discussions with DPR to propose adding
the ecological indicators to Law 33/2004 related to balancing financial allocations between central and
regional governments, and to Law 20/2019 on the national budget to add EFTs. They will both strengthen
the legal basis for provincial- and district-level governments to request the Ministry of Finance to earmark
funding for environmental protection.
To ensure the government offices and sector stakeholders that will work together to develop and monitor
future EFTs are well informed about the new options for requesting EFTs, BIJAK will hold a workshop for
provincial government representatives, the Institute for Economic and Social Research of the University
of Indonesia (LPEM-UI), Indonesia Budget Center, the Center for Regional Information and Studies
(PATTIRO), the Indonesian Forum for Budget Transparency (FITRA), the United Kingdom Climate
Change Unit (UKCCU), and The Asia Foundation to present the revised Regulation 205/2019, Permen
LHK No P.7/2020, and Law 20/2019 in February 2021.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 32
BIJAK will field test the use of EFTs in South Sulawesi and North Kalimantan regions. BIJAK will work with
the provincial government of South Sulawesi to develop an EFT request to fund ecosystem restoration
activities under the conservation partnership that BIJAK is piloting at Bantimurung Bulusarung National
Park. The project will also work with the provincial government of North Kalimantan to develop an EFT
request for sustainable forest management. At each site, BIJAK will hold technical discussions with the
provincial governments to develop a roadmap and milestones for them to request EFTs through DID,
DAK, or DID and use them for improved environmental conservation. The lessons learned from these
tests will be used to inform the revision of regulation 205/PMK.07/2019 and P.7/2020.
SA 1.2.2 Collaborating Institutions: Planning Bureau of KLHK, Bappenas, Auriga Nusantara Foundation (Auriga),
Kemendes, Fiscal Policy Agency, Corruption Eradication Commission, FOERDIA, Economic and Community
Research University of Indonesia (Lembaga Penyelidikan Ekonomi & Masyarakat-UI), Selected provincial
governments.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 33
Figure 6. Results chain for SA 1.2.2 Expanding the use of effective funding and financing strategies to incentivize forest conservation and
sustainable forest management
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 34
Strategic Approach 1.2.3: Protect KEEs function outside conservation areas, including non-
state forest
Land located outside of conservation areas can fall within several categories critically important for their
ecosystem functions and biodiversity value. These areas may be located within the existing non-
conservation forest estate, such as production forest, or in areas classified as “non-forest” (APL) lands,
such as oil palm and rubber plantations, and other areas with forest cover. The GOI classifies these areas
as KEEs. To date, KEEs have not been effectively managed even though they represent potential areas of
high conservation value and/or high carbon stock, including wildlife corridors, wetland ecosystems and
biodiversity parks. Sixty-three KEEs have been established by local government decree — 29 biodiversity
parks, 16 wetlands, 9 wildlife corridors, and 9 HCV/HCS areas.
BIJAK’s Year 4 achievements to support KEE development include:
• Worked closely with BPEE to classify and rank potential KEEs using the indicative map
developed with BIJAK assistance. This ranking was based on criteria, including high biodiversity
or carbon stock, presence of wildlife corridors, or wetland ecosystems; the ecological, social,
and economic importance of these areas; size; types and severity of threats; and proximity to
other critical areas, such as conservation areas and peatlands.
• Worked with BPEE to develop a draft regulation providing management performance metrics
for private sector companies to report on HCV monitoring and management to the GOI.
• Worked with BPEE to draft guidelines for managing high conservation value areas (known as the
ABKT Guidelines).
In Year 5, BIJAK will focus on five main activity areas to ensure the long-term sustainable management of
KEEs to ensure that vulnerable designated and potential KEE areas will not be converted for other
purposes:
1) Finalize the ABKT Guidelines as DG KSDAE regulation (to be enacted) so that they are
consistent with the final version of the 2017 KEE Ministerial regulation. Related to this, BIJAK will
develop and formalize a training curriculum and module for KEE management to be delivered
through Pusdiklat’s e-learning platform.
2) Analyze options for sustainable financing for KEE protection through DAK, DD, and DID. At
the same time, BIJAK will identify options to incentivize HCV-high carbon stock (HCS) area
protection by private sector actors or other management units.
3) Expand KEE pilot activities. Work with BPEE and stakeholders to scale up activities to
strengthen the effectiveness of KEE management by expanding pilot activities initiated at one site in
Year 4 to three additional KEEs in East Java —Taman Kili-Kili in Trenggalek, Masakambing in
Sumenep, and Ujung Pangkah in Gresik. These sites were officially designated as KEEs by the
Governor of East Java in July 2020, showing the commitment East Java has to protect KEEs.
However, the management forums have not yet been established. BIJAK will assist the new KEE
management forums at each site to register with the government for legal recognition, work with
them to define roles and responsibilities of forum members, and assist them to develop management
plans.
The experiences and lessons learned from piloting KEE management will be used to update the
ABKT Guidelines to improve their usefulness. BIJAK’s pilot activities will improve the effectiveness
of KEE management on 3,960 hectares of vulnerable mangrove ecosystems, wildlife habitat, and high
conservation value areas that are outside of conservation areas.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 35
4) Build capacity to use Spatial Multi Criteria Analysis (SMCA). The East Java BKSDA and
Provincial Forestry agency (Dinas Kehutanan) have set an annual target of completing an inventory
of 225,140 hectares of high biodiversity forest areas in 26 locations in 2020. Achieving the target will
depend on contributions from various parties, including private sector companies, since the East Java
BKSDA has only allocated enough budget for field data collection in three locations. BIJAK will work
with ARuPA to assist the East Java BKSDA to work towards its goal by introducing the use of SMCA
to inventory high biodiversity areas. SMCA is a spatial data analysis methodology used to develop
blocking maps that display area functions. Once developed, they can be groundtruthed through spot
checking to verify that areas of high biodiversity indicated in the blocking maps are valid, according
to standards set by BPEE. The maps generated through this process will be used by local
governments to request budget allocations to protect the areas until they can be designated as KEE.
BIJAK and ARuPA will train the East Java BKSDA and Dinas Kehutanan to use SMCA and assist in
groundtruthing selected high biodiversity value areas identified through the analysis. The maps and
data resulting from the SMCA will be submitted to KLHK and Bappenas and will provide the basis
for the development of the 2020-2024 Indonesia Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (IBSAP).
BIJAK will also assist the East Java BKSDA and Dinas Kehutanan to develop an Information System
to track progress on KEE management at the provincial level. The system will be aligned with PIKA’s
data and information center, Datin.
BIJAK will work with private sector companies present in East Java, such as Perhutani, Koperasi
Serba Usaha Kutai Timber Indonesia, and Koperasi Serba Usaha Bromo Mandiri to pool their spatial
data on HCV areas for submission to BPEE. To complement this process, BIJAK will work at the
national level with the private sector members of the High Conservation Stock Approach (HCSA),
including oil palm plantation and forest concessionaires, and the HCV Resources Network
(HCVRN). HCSA members are already implementing sustainable management of HCV on the lands
where they operate on a voluntary basis. BIJAK will request HCSA and HCVRN members to share
their data including any HCV assessments they have carried out and spatial data they have collected,
with BPEE. BPEE will use the data from private sector companies to analyze HCV areas within forest
concessions and will use it to document private sector contributions to help BPEE achieve its goal of
protecting HCV lands outside of conservation areas in line with the incentive options for the private
sector to protect their HCV/HCS areas (item #2 above). BIJAK estimates that up to 43 million
hectares of HCV area are currently managed by the private sector. During this process, BIJAK will
review the current HCV data registration process and provide recommendations to address any
gaps identified.
BIJAK will then train UPT and BKSDA staff to use SMCA to analyse this spatial data to map high
biodiversity areas select areas for ground truthing.
5) Conduct a national KEE and SMCA learning event where BIJAK, ARuPA, and BPEE will present
best practices for KEE management and the SMCA inventory results in East Java.
SA 1.2.3 Collaborating Institutions: BPEE, Bappeda Banyuwangi, Trenggalek, Gresik and Sumenep, East Java
BBKSDA, Bappeda Jawa Timur, Kemendagri, Ministry of Agriculture (Kementan), Kemendes, ATR-BPN, HCSA,
selected BKSDAs and NPs, local government institutions, academicians, private sector (potentially members of the
High Carbon Stock Approach group, CSOs, Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), PKTL, Pusdiklat KLHK,
LSPHI.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 36
Figure 7. Results chains for SA 1.2.3 Protecting KEEs outside conservation areas, including non-state forest
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 37
Technical Theme 2: Increasing Protection of Key Species
One of the strongest ways to support the GOI in combating the illegal wildlife trade is by working to
develop and implement policies and tools to improve compliance with commitments under the CITES.
These commitments have played a central role in incentivizing key regulatory reforms for the protection
and sustainable use of biodiversity across the archipelago. Over the past four years, BIJAK has focused the
work on combating wildlife trafficking and addressing unsustainable legal trade under two SAs: 1)
enhancing the legal and policy framework; and 2) tackling wildlife crime while reducing demand.
BIJAK’s Year 5 activities build on previous achievements and are designed to enable the GOI to take
ownership of the tools and approaches developed with BIJAK support, as well as to put into place an
enabling environment so that KLHK and KKP can continue to carry out evidence-based species
conservation going forward.
Strategic Approach 2.1: Revise and update the legal and policy framework, build capacity
to confront the illegal or unsustainable trade in wildlife, and meet national commitments
to CITES
In Year 5, BIJAK will implement several activities under this SA that were planned for Year 4 but were
postponed due to the Covid-19 pandemic.
Improve capacity of key related government offices to identify protected species
In Year 4, BIJAK supported KLHK KKH and Pusdiklat to design a training program on species
identification. The target audience of the training is staff from BKSDA, Quarantine, Customs, and Avsec
as the key government institutions responsible for detecting and intercepting smuggled wildlife and their
products at the major exit points from the country. A set of curricula and training modules were
developed with BIJAK support and integrated into Pusdiklat by decree in Year 4 so that they are now
KLHK’s official training materials for this topic.
In Year 5 BIJAK, KKH and Pusdiklat will convert the materials developed in Year 4 into a series of
videos that will be delivered through the e-learning platform administered by Pusdiklat. Delivering the
training through the e-learning platform is BIJAK’s response to the constraints posed by the Covid-19
pandemic. Pusdiklat’s e-learning platform had already been established long before the pandemic;
however, the majority of the institution’s course offerings were designed to be delivered using
traditional classroom instruction. When the GOI imposed social distancing restrictions, BIJAK shifted its
capacity building strategy to develop training modules and materials that can be delivered through
traditional methods during normal conditions, or through the e-learning platform when conditions
require social distancing. BIJAK, KKH, and Pusdiklat will roll out the e-learning course to officials from
KLHK, Customs, and Quarantine based in Jakarta, Surabaya, Makassar, and Medan as the major hotspots
of wildlife trafficking in Indonesia. Through this training, staff at those key institutions will gain better
knowledge of species protection and technical steps to identify protected species in their day-to-day
work. This will contribute to their improved performance in preventing wildlife trafficking.
Optimize national database for species utilization according to established quotas
Over the past four years, BIJAK has worked with the GOI to support the sustainable utilization of
wildlife through several approaches. Working with government counterparts, BIJAK developed a
methodology to conduct NDFs for CITES Appendix-II species, developed a methodology to set science-
based quotas based on NDFs, made policy recommendations to improve the legal framework for
species utilization, and worked to reduce demand for key protected species, including helmeted
hornbills (Rhinoplax vigil) and songbirds.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 38
In order to meet its goals of limiting the trade of protected species within the limits set by quotas, the
GOI has developed a new online database called SIASAT intended to manage requests for international
transport permits for Appendix II-listed species to ensure that species are harvested at sustainable levels
and quotas are not exceeded. Since SIASAT was developed it has not been rolled out for national use
because the current version does not include mechanisms to track the permitting process, monitor the
use of quotas across regions, and automatically prevent new permit applications from being submitted
by exporters when quotas have been exceeded.
In Year 5, BIJAK will work with KKH to optimize the SIASAT database to aggregate export permit data
entered at the regional level up to the national level, to track the progress of each permit application.
When the database has been updated, BIJAK and KKH will train the KKH Distribution/Transportation of
Wild Plants and Animals inspectors in the five provinces with the highest levels of exports — Jakarta,
East Java, Central Java, West Java, and North Sumatra. These provinces will pilot the system prior to a
national rollout. The success of the SIASAT system will be documented by the records in the system,
which will show that the permits for the trade of CITES Appendix II-listed species issued by KKH in
each calendar year do not exceed the national quotas.
Establish a population monitoring network to support pangolin conservation and sustainable use
of CITES Appendix II-listed species
During Year 4, BIJAK and Yayasan Auriga carried out a comprehensive review of Kepmenhut 447/2003
and developed a policy review and policy brief proposing revisions to address loopholes in the current
legislation to support sustainable use of wildlife. The policy review proposed the following actions to
address gaps in the GOI’s capacity to collect species population data for science-based quota-setting:
a. Strengthen LIPI’s position as the scientific authority by developing a database of population
monitoring data for key species, including information related to threats to the species and risks of
utilization
b. Ensure and strengthen the fiscal capacity to support population monitoring
c. Set up mechanisms to increase public participation, including for the CSOs and universities, to
contribute to wildlife population monitoring
To address these gaps, BIJAK began developing two approaches to support a science-based system of
quota-setting and therefore to ensure the sustainability of species in the wild. In Year 5, BIJAK will
support LIPI in network-building sessions to establish a new population monitoring network. Under this
network, members will be able to regularly share data and information on species populations and
distribution data and develop collaboration among institutions on population monitoring activities.
Currently, scientific data to support quota-setting are still very limited because, among other reasons,
the sources of data and information are still in short supply and there is limited capacity to conduct
population monitoring. Therefore, this network is expected to provide a communication platform
among institutions related to population monitoring activities, which will be beneficial to support GOI’s
efforts on species protection and catch quota development activities.
According to Kepmenhut 447/03, KLHK should set annual quotas for the catch and export of CITES
Appendix II-listed species in response to recommendations from LIPI, and provincial quota requests
provided by BKSDA and/or third-party organizations (NGOs as well as universities). In addition,
Kepmenhut 447/03 states that catch and export quotas should be science-based, taking into account:
1) data and information on habitat and population of the species, 2) other scientific information related
to the habitat and population of the species, 3) quota use from the previous year, and 4) traditional
knowledge. BIJAK’s activities to establish a new species population monitoring network will support the
process of a science-based quota setting by making population monitoring data from third-party
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 39
organizations available and easily accessible to the GOI. This new linkage will also improve the
transparency of the quota-setting process by creating a mechanism for third parties to provide data,
information, and traditional knowledge to KLHK to inform annual quota development.
BIJAK and LIPI will deliver online training to participants from Indonesian CSOs in the first quarter of
FY2021 on population monitoring methods for monitor lizards and birds. The training course will cover
the methodologies developed by LIPI to ensure the uniformity and quality of the data collected, as well
as factors to consider in choosing the most suitable method based on the situation and resources.
The guidelines for species population monitoring will be based on LIPI’s publication, Series of Survey and
Population Monitoring Methods for Wildlife (Seri Metode Survei dan Pemantauan Populasi Satwa). Since the
GOI has not yet established standard population monitoring methods for Sunda pangolin (Manis
javanica), an important outcome of the training and network building workshop will be agreement
between LIPI and the NGO participants on the methods to monitor Sunda pangolin populations in
Indonesia to be implemented by the network.
Catalyzing this new network will enable LIPI to benefit from ongoing population-monitoring activities
carried out by diverse NGOs and research institutions as part of their species conservation activities.
Bringing LIPI together with these organizations in the training and the network-building sessions will
ensure that all the organizations collect population data using standardized methods. It will also allow
LIPI to be the central point for network members to voluntarily submit new data, a method that has
worked well for monitoring tiger population data.
Afterwards, BIJAK will work with KLHK, LIPI, and CSOs to apply new skills to conduct a rapid
population assessment of Sunda pangolin. This activity will include data-sharing sessions among
participants from stakeholders in Sumatra, Java, and Kalimantan to estimate the population of pangolin
based on direct or indirect encounters, illegal trade data, smuggling as well as modus operandi. The data
collected on population, distribution, and critical exit/entry points for illegal trade will contribute to the
implementation of the pangolin EAP developed in Year 4. It will also serve as a baseline to measure the
impact of EAP implementation. Additionally, this activity will contribute to the National Conservation
Strategy and Action Plan (SRAK) for Sunda pangolin in the future.
Improve capacity of BPSPL staff to monitor trade of CITES Appendix II-listed shark and ray
species
In February 2020, BIJAK began piloting the technical guidelines and SOPs to document the silky shark
catch at Tanjung Luar, East Lombok Regency in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) Province. The port is
known as one of the largest shark and ray landing ports in eastern Indonesia. To kick off the pilot
activities, BIJAK, BPSPL Denpasar and Directorate of Marine Biodiversity Conservation (KKHL)
delivered a training on monitoring and reporting silky shark landings to 48 participants representing
BPSPL Denpasar, BPSPL Denpasar NTB region and BPSPL Denpasar East Java Region, NTB shark and ray
traders, NTB Fish Quarantine Unit, NTB Fisheries Monitoring and Surveillance Office, and the Fisheries
and Marine Agency of NTB Province and East Lombok. The objectives of the training were to improve
the capacity of KKHL and BPSPL staff to monitor silky shark landings in Tanjung Luar and report them
into KKP’s national database; train them to use the SOPs for issuing Fish Species Utilization Permits
(SIPJI); train them to use the SOPs for issuing Fish Species Transport permits (SAJI); and train them to
use the SOPs for issuing the Trade Recommendation Letter for the export of shark and ray products.
In Year 5, BIJAK will expand the training course with new materials related to science-based quota-
setting, required exit permits for CITES Appendix II-listed species, and updates to the SOPs for
monitoring and reporting the silky shark catch based on the results of BIJAK’s assessment. BIJAK and
KKHL will deliver the training to staff from BPSPL Padang Wilker Aceh, Serang Wilker Jakarta,
Denpasar, Makassar, Pontianak, Sorong as well as port officials and private sector shark traders so that
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 40
will have a common understanding of the processes the required procedures and permits to monitor
the catch and export of all CITES Appendix II-listed fish species. The training content delivered in Year 4
will be revised in response to specific challenges identified by BPSPL officers who used the guidelines and
SOPs for catch and trade monitoring of silky shark. It will also include adjustments of the SOPs so that
they are broadly applicable to all CITES Appendix II-listed fish species, to support KKP’s new role as the
CITES Management Authority.
In order to ensure that future staff joining BPSPL are trained to the same standard, BIJAK will submit the
online course materials to KKP. In addition, BIJAK will develop a policy paper with recommendations for
more effective shark and ray trade monitoring for KKP to use as the basis for future KKHL capacity
building programs for CITES species trade monitoring.
Improve GOI capacity to manage threatened shark species using evidence-based decision-
making
In Years 1 to 3, BIJAK provided technical assistance to LIPI to develop NDF analysis protocols for
Indonesia, and then applied them to develop the country’s first NDF and science-based catch and export
quotas for silky shark. In Year 4, the project mentored LIPI, BPSPL, KKHL, and BKSDA to develop an
NDF for mako shark (uplisted to CITES Appendix II at Conference of Parties/COP18 in 2019) and to
update the NDF for hammerhead that was first developed in 2017.
In Year 5, BIJAK and LIPI will finalize and hold public consultations of the NDFs for mako and
hammerhead sharks to present the findings and conclusions of the NDFs and inform the public and
traders on how they will be applied to develop catch and trade quotas for 2021. BIJAK will also hold a
shark conservation webinar for KKP, LIPI, BPSPL, the private sector, and the NGO community during
which KKP will present improvements in trade monitoring of CITES Appendix II-listed fish species and
BIJAK will disseminate lessons learned from the process of supporting science/evidence-based shark
conservation and recommended next steps to improve shark management.
SA 2.1 Collaborating institutions: KLHK KKH, KSDAE, Gakkum, Pusdiklat, KKP KKHL, BPSPL LIPI, Universities,
NGOs.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 41
Figure 8. Results chain for SA 2.1 Revise and update the legal and policy framework, and build capacity to confront the illegal or unsustainable
trade in wildlife, and meet national commitments to CITES
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 42
Strategic Approach 2.2: Increase commitment to tackling wildlife crime and reducing
domestic demand for wildlife and their products
Wildlife crime is multidimensional, requiring collective effort by government and non-government actors
to tackle it. BIJAK has worked to build support and commitment to tackle wildlife crime by raising
awareness of wildlife trafficking related to key species and reducing demand for wildlife and their
products.
In Year 5, BIJAK will work with KKH and CSOs to assess gaps in helmeted hornbill SRAK
implementation to date and provide training and communications support to enable them to promote
helmeted hornbill conservation. BIJAK will continue the BCC campaign launched in May 2020 to shift
consumer demand from wild-caught to captive-bred songbirds. An important focus of the campaign in
Year 5 is to find a way to make campaign materials and information available to songbird consumers, as
well as provide a forum for them to network with each other after the campaign has ended.
Improve Indonesian helmeted hornbill conservation
In 2018, KLHK, supported by BIJAK and a coalition of NGOs, developed the helmeted hornbill SRAK as
required by CITES of all helmeted hornbill range countries. To support implementation of the SRAK,
BIJAK provided a technical training on helmeted hornbill conservation to BBBR National Park staff and
representatives of PT Sari Bumi Kusuma Seruyan-Katingan, a 147,600 hectare natural forest logging
concession in Central Kalimantan.
Although the helmeted hornbill SRAK was enacted in 2018 and is the main reference for helmeted
hornbill conservation efforts in Indonesia, poaching and illegal trade of this species continues unabated.
In 2019, a year after the enactment of SRAK, Indonesian authorities foiled the attempted smuggling of 72
helmeted hornbill casques from Indonesia to Hong Kong.4
In Year 5, BIJAK will work with KLHK to convene the organizations that have been individually
implementing helmeted hornbill conservation activities on the ground in Sumatra and Kalimantan to
evaluate advances in conservation since the enactment of the SRAK. The meeting will allow KLHK to
identify challenges to reducing poaching and illegal trade in specific areas, identify best practices for
conservation, and contribute to improved coordination and collaboration to implement the SRAK.
BIJAK will contribute to improved helmeted hornbill conservation by collaborating with BINUS
University and Indonesian game development company TouchTen, to host a “game-jam” on the
helmeted hornbill. Participating students from Indonesian high schools and universities will work
together to create games as a fun and interactive means of delivering anti-poaching messaging and facts
about helmeted hornbill using a variety of digital and non-digital platforms. During the game-jam
weekend, TouchTen will mentor participants through the process of game development. The games will
deliver messaging to discourage helmeted hornbill poaching that stresses the positive opportunity values
of choices linked to the survival of the species. Such messages will suggest that poaching helmeted
hornbills is limiting and self-defeating. A limited number of game sets (including cardboard playing
boards, cards, tokens, etc.) for the winning games will be produced by BIJAK and provided to UPTs to
carry out their education and outreach programs at eight national parks where there are helmeted
hornbill populations, such as Batang Gadis, Bukit Dua Belas, Bukit Baka Bukit Raya, Gunung Palung,
Kayan Mentarang, Siberut, Tesso Nilo, and Way Kambas National Parks. This master sample will
eventually become the template from which all future production will be modeled.
4 www.mongabay.co.id/2019/07/19/digagalkan-penyelundupan-72-paruh-rangkong-gading-tujuan-hong-kong/ accessed on October
13, 2020
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 43
A second activity to be implemented under Component 4 to raise awareness of helmeted hornbill
conservation is a storytelling competition. BIJAK will create a contest to challenge participants from
cities or towns near the national parks where there are helmeted hornbill populations, such as Batang
Gadis, Bukit Dua Belas, BBBR, Gunung Palung, Kayan Mentarang, Siberut, Tesso Nilo, and Way Kambas,
to communicate the conservation status, cultural value, threats, and/or ecological significance of the
species through original artwork or prose.
To ensure high rates of participation, BIJAK will collaborate with the media partners, NGOs,
universities, and national parks who collaborated on the Helmeted Hornbill Week social media
campaign. BIJAK will work with the national parks to secure placement of the winning visual artwork for
display on local government-owned billboards. BIJAK will provide NGO partners with the short video
entries for dissemination through their social media accounts. BIJAK will work with the national parks
and the winners in the written story category to host storytelling sessions at selected schools close to
the national parks.
Reduce demand for wild-caught songbirds through BCC campaign
Songbird-keeping has been part of Indonesian tradition and culture for a long time. Moreover, in
Javanese culture, songbird-keeping is one of the main elements needed to achieve an ideal life. This
tradition, among other reasons, has created a growing demand for songbirds in Indonesia. Currently, the
trade in most songbird species is legal in Indonesia, but unfortunately, as many as 28 legally traded
songbird species are threatened with extinction, according to the International Union for Conservation
of Nature Species Survival Commission of Asian Songbird Trade Specialist Group. Indonesia lacks
awareness of the impacts of songbird poaching, and few songbird demand reduction activities exist.
In response to this challenge, over the past five months, BIJAK has worked with Daun Digital Indonesia
to design a BCC campaign to shift consumer demand from wild-caught to captive-bred songbirds. The
campaign, called #BijakBerkicau, targets songbird hobbyists in West Java. The online campaign has
resulted in notable progress in the initial stages of behavior change by shifting the topics of online
discussions among songbird hobbyists toward the key messages promoted by the campaign (i.e., ask
about the source of songbirds before buying, shift to keeping fewer songbirds, and practice good
husbandry). In addition, the campaign has affected the behavior of several key opinion leaders (KOLs)
who have begun to raise #BijakBerkicau campaign topics on their own social media platforms (e.g.,
YouTube Channels).
To amplify the impact and sustainability of the campaign, BIJAK will continue to work with Daun Digital
Indonesia in Year 5 to establish a solid network of songbird KOLs to promote sustainable songbird-
keeping. As learned from campaign implementation during Year 4, KOLs or “songbird public figures” are
very influential in the songbird community and have been important channels for disseminating campaign
messages. The campaign will expand to work with more KOLs, both well-known figures and rising stars,
to amplify the campaign’s core messages.
BIJAK has found that the platforms most used by songbird hobbyists to look for information regarding
songbird-keeping (i.e., Facebook groups, songbird news platform, and YouTube) contain misinformation,
myths, and articles or discussions favoring wild-caught songbirds. This stresses the importance of
working with more KOLs to counter the misinformation on songbird-keeping and songbird husbandry.
In order to ensure the sustainability of the #BijakBerkicau campaign, Daun Digital Indonesia will establish
a #BijakBerkicau Facebook fan page where campaign materials will be stored and may be accessed by
visitors. This page will provide a forum for KOLs and songbird hobbyists to continue to discuss
sustainable songbird-keeping.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 44
BIJAK will monitor the campaign using qualitative methods, such as social listening and quantitative
methods, including an endline survey to measure the intervention effectiveness and impact. Monitoring
will record shifts in intention and changing narratives on captive-bred songbirds, and changes in
husbandry practices to improve songbird quality and survival, so that fewer songbirds are purchased.
Support KLHK participation in the One Health Initiative
One of the conditions that increases the risk of emerging zoonotic diseases is the conversion of forest
land, which often leads to increased interactions between wildlife, humans, and livestock. Viruses with
high mortality rates, including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in 2003, Avian Influenza in 2004 –
2005, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in 2012, Ebola in 2014 – 2016, and most recently Covid-19 in
2019 –2020, all originated in wildlife and eventually spread to humans through cross-species
transmission.
Since 2018, the Ministry of Health (Kemenkes), Kementan, and KLHK have worked together under the
One Health approach to respond to and anticipate emerging zoonotic diseases. KLHK’s commitments
under One Health have included strengthening the surveillance of suspected cases of zoonotic diseases
originating from wild animals using a web-based information system called Sehatsatli.
With the emergence of Covid-19 in 2020, the ministries participating in the One Health Partnership in
Indonesia have increased their efforts to ensure optimal health for people, animals, and the environment.
In Year 5 there is an opportunity for BIJAK to provide technical support to KKH so that KLHK can
contribute to One Health by developing SOPs to systematically monitor wildlife populations for
zoonotic diseases consistent with international best practices and protocols, and training KLHK staff in
national parks, conservation areas, and other forested land across Indonesia to use the SOPs.
While specific activities to support the GOI’s capacity to respond to and anticipate emerging zoonotic
diseases have not figured in BIJAK’s previous work plans, this line of work is directly related to BIJAK’s
high-level goal of improving the capacity and willingness of Indonesian institutions to address biodiversity
conservation, especially wildlife trafficking, and climate change as a result of USG assistance.
Furthermore, the activity will have crosscutting impact, complementing SA 1.1.1: Strengthen
conservation area management frameworks and systems, Activity Area C: Strengthening data-driven
management links from site-level patrolling to conservation area management and up to the central
decision-makers, as well as SA 2.2.2 Increase commitment to tackling wildlife crime and reducing
domestic demand for wildlife and their products. Building the capacity of GOI staff to collect data and to
use it to inform management decisions at the site and central levels is consistent with BIJAK’s approach
to implementing activities under both TT1 and TT2.
BIJAK will align this work to complement ongoing USAID investments to provide technical support and
coordinate the One Health Approach through the Infectious Disease Detection and Surveillance (IDDS)
project implemented by FHI360. The IDDS project has successfully supported the GOI to re-establish
the One Health Laboratory Coordination Group, which includes government partners, such as the
Kemenkes, Kementan, and KLHK; the Coordinating Ministry for Human Development and Cultural
Affairs (Kemenko PMK); universities and other donors, such as the Food and Agriculture Organization
and the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. The IDDS project was consulted in the
development of this work plan and initial coordination has already begun with their technical staff.
SA 2.2 Collaborating institutions: KLHK KSDAE, Gakkum, LIPI, BBBR National Park, University of Tanjungpura,
Daun Digital Indonesia, Songbird KOLs, including Indonesia Bird and Poultry Breeder Association (APBUI),
Universities, NGOs, One Health Partnership participating ministries and CSOs, USAID IDDS Project.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 45
Figure 9. Results chain for SA 2.2 Increase commitment to tackling wildlife crime and reduce domestic demand for wildlife and their products
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 46
CROSSCUTTING THEMES — YEAR 5 ACTIVITIES
Gender Integration
BIJAK places an emphasis on ensuring that activities are responsive to gender equality considerations in
accordance with the Indonesian government’s approach to gender mainstreaming and USAID’s Gender
Equality and Female Empowerment policy, not only to empower marginalized populations but to ensure
equality of project impacts. Women and men engage with natural resources, including forest
management, differently, due to traditional gender roles and positions within society. Similarly, changes
in policy and practices related to natural resource conservation and exploitation also affect women and
men differently. In light of this, BIJAK has integrated gender considerations into work carried out under
each of the technical themes as well as into monitoring and evaluation activities.
Throughout Years 1 to 4, BIJAK has supported the GOI’s efforts to strengthen the regulatory
framework related to conservation and forest area management. BIJAK FGD facilitators and resource
staff were tasked with encouraging women to actively participate in each event and forum conducted or
supported by BIJAK.
In Year 5, BIJAK will continue to engage the Gender Specialist charged with supporting the technical
team to strengthen gender mainstreaming across all of BIJAK’s technical interventions. BIJAK will
encourage and document women’s contributions to the sustainable management of forest resources;
promote women’s engagement in decision-making on forest management and resource management
issues in community, and national and sub-national agencies; and integrate gender inclusion, equality, and
empowerment measures into the next Renstra and IBSAP.
The Gender Specialist’s Year 5 work will be focused on strengthening the role of women in field-level
activities implemented with grantees LATIN and ARuPA under TT1, working on encroachment and
tenurial conflict handling, and under TT1, to strengthen women’s engagement in species population
monitoring. Under TT1, there will be community FGDs, consultation meetings, and management forum
activities where there is an opportunity to make specific changes in terms of gender relations by
recognizing the role of women in the site-level management of natural resources, and opening
opportunities for women’s substantive participation in discussions and decision-making as participants in
conservation partnerships and as members of KEE management forums. Under TT2, there is an
opportunity for women to play an active role in species population monitoring and reporting activities,
recognizing their knowledge about wildlife in and around their communities, and opening roles for them
in leading and implementing monitoring. In this final year, BIJAK will produce a Gender Assessment
Report to highlight the lessons learned from promoting a gender-inclusive approach throughout BIJAK
project implementation.
While BIJAK will continue to encourage the meaningful participation of women in regulatory dialogue
and development by working with a gender consultant to integrate gender inclusion and empowerment,
as well as to raise awareness of gender considerations when designing and implementing activities, the
project is limited in the scope of its gender interventions. Under USAID’s Gender Equality and Female
Empowerment policy, USAID investments are aimed at three overarching outcomes that are especially
important for people who are marginalized or excluded due to ethnicity, gender, identity, sexual
orientation, lack of income, disability or other factors:
1. Reduce gender disparities in access to, control over and benefit from resources, wealth,
opportunities and services — economic, social, political, and cultural
2. Reduce gender-based violence and mitigate its harmful effects on individuals and communities
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 47
3. Increase capability of women and girls to realize their rights, determine their life outcomes, and
influence decision-making in households, communities, and society
Special Activities Component (SAC)
BIJAK’s SAC is designed to engage well-placed Indonesian implementers (CSOs, research organizations,
private sector actors, etc.), through grants, subcontracts, letters of collaboration, or other mechanisms,
to contribute to achieving BIJAK’s objectives. In Year 5, work through the SAC will support activities
across the project’s work plan, such as designing and implementing a behavior change campaign, building
support for protection of Indonesia’s national parks. supporting greater public awareness of core BIJAK-
led initiatives, and piloting activities to test the implementation of national policies and technical
guidelines developed with BIJAK support. Specific activities, especially through grants and subcontracts,
anticipated to be conducted under the SAC are referenced in the Gantt charts in Annex 1. Additionally,
as unanticipated opportunities present themselves, in consultation with USAID, BIJAK may program
additional activities under the SAC.
Table 2. Overview of SAC Mechanisms
Mechanism General Purpose General Features
Grant
Characterized as a “partnership”
between BIJAK and a local
organization. The purpose of a grant
is to provide support to accomplish
a project objective. This support is
consistent with the grantee’s own
mandate and purpose.
• Cost share is not required, but grantee
contribution is encouraged.
• Advances allowed only under standard grants.
• Grant type is contingent on the nature and
duration of the activity and the characteristics
of the organization.
• Goods or services may be provided directly
to local organizations through in-kind grants.
• Covered by assistance regulations.
Subcontract
Used to hire an organization to
provide BIJAK with specific services
in support of BIJAK objectives.
• Cost share is not required.
• No advances allowed.
• Organizations must have capacity to provide
the service.
• Covered by acquisition regulations.
• Cannot give a subcontract to an individual
Letter of
Collaboration
A written agreement to formalize
the commitment between BIJAK and
another party to work together
towards a common objective. Often
used for individual activities of short
duration (typically under three
months).
• Cannot be used to commit either party to
give money directly to the other party.
• Partner contribution amounts, expected
outputs, and reporting expectations can be
specified in the letter of collaboration.
Short-term
technical
assistance
Short-term local or international
technical assistance for specific
assignments to supplement BIJAK
support to a particular activity.
• The best way to contract with an individual.
• Does not require competition, but it is
Chemonics’ policy to conduct fair
recruitment for short-term technical
assistance.
• May require USAID approval.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 48
To define activities under the SAC in this annual work plan, BIJAK technical staff assessed whether the
planned activities would be more effectively carried out by third-party Indonesian implementers,
including research institutions, business associations, CSOs and others well-placed to accomplish specific
aspects of the BIJAK activity. Primary reasons for opting for third-party implementers include: (a)
engaging organizations with a unique skill set, expertise, network, or constituency; (b) maintaining
BIJAK’s role as a facilitator and supporter of change, while supporting Indonesian institutions as the
primary drivers of policy and behavior change, (c) supporting the professional growth and institutional
maturation of key institutions while carrying out activities to accomplish BIJAK objectives, and (d)
promoting the amplification of tools or approaches developed under BIJAK by expanding their
application, as well as their sustainability, so that initiatives supported by BIJAK will continue to persist
after the project is completed.
Grants and subcontracts, awarded through a competitive process, will be the primary mechanisms
through which BIJAK will engage local organizations. Three grant awards that were made in FY2020 are
in the middle of their implementation and BIJAK will seek opportunities to advance in the areas of
conservation partnerships and KEE establishment/management. BIJAK will solicit additional grants and/or
build on current grants to pilot the application of tools, policies and approaches supported by BIJAK, at
the sites described above. In each case, BIJAK grantees will implement activities at pilot sites with
government, CSOs, and community stakeholders, while the core project team provides them with
technical assistance to build their capacity. The approach incentivizes and improves local technical and
managerial capacity and contributes to sustainability by fostering a sense of local ownership.
Activity Coordination, Communication, and Documentation
Through this crosscutting management component:
a) BIJAK developed this work plan in coordination with the recently ended LESTARI project to ensure
that BIJAK activities in Year 5 build on and amplify the approaches the project supported while it
was active and to draw on the lessons learned from the program, now that it has closed. Drawing
on site-level data, experience, and lessons learned from previous LESTARI work in protected area
management, including the use of SMART patrols, participatory zoning, improving capacity of FMUs,
sustainable options for financing forest management and conservation, and KEE and forest co-
management. BIJAK has identified several opportunities detailed in the sections above, to provide
technical assistance to KLHK to pilot national guidelines, regulations, and action plans at sites
formerly supported by LESTARI and other stakeholders, such as the UKCCU, GIZ, World Bank,
and the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation.
BIJAK’s work with LIPI and KKP on shark and ray conservation is informed by the experience of the
USAID fisheries management projects, including:
• The SEA project’s work in developing harvest strategies for red snapper, grouper, and pelagic
fisheries. The SEA project will end in spring of 2021.
• The USAID Supporting Nature and People Partnership for Enduring Resources project’s
(SNAPPER) previous work in the deep-water snapper, grouper, and emperor fishery stock
assessment, supporting improved governance and addressing illegal, unregulated and unreported
fisheries.
• The now-closed USAID Oceans and Fisheries Partnership (OCEAN) project’s work to improve
catch documentation, traceability, and fisheries management.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 49
b) Ensure complementarity of BIJAK activities with those of relevant key stakeholders at the national
level. Main stakeholder groups are (1) GOI partners in legislative, executive, and judicial branches;
(2) other USG initiatives and projects; (3) Indonesian institutions, including CSOs, research
institutions, private sector entities, and media; and (4) international donors and donor projects.
c) Promote stakeholder understanding of BIJAK goals and activities and how they align with the GOI
plans and agenda to promote a sense of ownership and interest in shared successes.
d) Document and broadly disseminate analyses, successful approaches, and best practices resulting
both from BIJAK activities and other programs working at the national and field levels.
Year 5 Activities
Activities under this component fall under two main categories — stakeholder coordination and
knowledge management — as described below. In addition, the demobilization plan, as a contract
deliverable has been included in this section.
BIJAK will apply the “thinking and working politically” approach, as well as the experience participating in
the applied political economy assessment undertaken in Year 3 to direct activities in Year 5. BIJAK has
built strong relationships working with KSDAE and other partners to develop policies, regulations,
guidelines, and other outputs that have been or will soon be enacted; and helping our partners establish
frameworks for key information management systems and approaches. This affords BIJAK opportunities
to work with KSDAE to pilot implementation of several of the tools and approaches developed, with
the goal of sustainable, on the ground impacts. Updated knowledge of the political economy for BIJAK
activities, both across and within institutions, will help BIJAK prioritize resources and improve success
and sustainability of interventions.
Stakeholder coordination
• During the work planning process, BIJAK consulted with KLHK and other GOI counterparts,
including Bappenas, KKP, LIPI, and the Ministry of Finance, to understand government priorities and
to assess the most strategic entry points for BIJAK to provide technical support. Following approval
of the Year 5 work plan, BIJAK will socialize the plan with these key counterparts and others.
• Develop a Program Implementation Plan or Rencana Pelaksanaan Program (RPP) between BIJAK and
PIKA, outlining areas of support for Year 5. This will allow both BIJAK and PIKA to have a clear
understanding of the project’s contributions to PIKA’s strategic objectives.
• Following discussions held in preparation of this work plan, conduct regular coordination meetings
with relevant USG agencies to synchronize BIJAK’s activities with other USG-led initiatives.
• Through USAID, maintain strong coordination and communication with donors and donor-funded
projects working on the same issues as BIJAK, for example GIZ, UKCCU, World Bank, UNDP, and
the European Union.
Knowledge management
• Continue to use communications tools for documenting and sharing notable achievements of the
project and highlight upcoming activities. Channels will include:
a. Quarterly and annual reports for USAID and PIKA
b. Monthly lists of upcoming activities — shared with USAID and PIKA
c. Weekly bullets to USAID
d. Website
e. Social media accounts
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 50
f. Quarterly newsletter
g. Submissions of BIJAK knowledge products to regional and global communications platforms
h. Lessons learned technical briefs for key topics
• BIJAK will disseminate its knowledge products broadly to relevant target audiences to help inform
policy-making and support the adoption of best practices. In addition, BIJAK will share activity
outputs with USAID, including training materials, policy recommendations, and assessment reports,
via Google Drive. Where possible, events will be organized to allow for interactive discussion on
these products among researchers, activists, government officials, and other relevant stakeholders.
• BIJAK will continue to promote best practices and lessons learned from the recently ended USAID
LESTARI project, the SEA project (which will end in spring 2021), and other field programs to assist
in the promotion, adoption, and nationwide application.
• BIJAK will work with the USAID’s Development Outreach Communication (DOC) team and
partners to identify appropriate government and global websites, such as Climate Links, Biodiversity
Conservation Gateway, and Natural Resources Management and Development Portal where BIJAK
knowledge products can be posted for future access, as well as uploaded to USAID’s DEC. These
key knowledge products include technical guidelines, position papers, policy papers, academic
papers, reports, strategies, and infographics.
Demobilization plan
• The operational closeout and phasing down of staffing will be carried out according to the
approved demobilization plan, which, according to BIJAK contract deliverable F.5.12 —
Demobilization Plan, will be submitted to USAID by December 7, 2020, six months prior to the
BIJAK contract completion date.
Communications Strategy
INTRODUCTION
BIJAK’s communication strategy in Year 5 will continue to focus on producing materials that highlight
technical activities and accomplishments to enhance key audience understanding of the project’s work
and its significance for forest and biodiversity protection in Indonesia. The project will utilize the formats
and channels that were used throughout Year 4 to disseminate successful outcomes to target audiences.
BIJAK will highlight the enactment and implementation of key policies, regulations, and management
objectives in success stories, which will be published in both print form and/or across the project’s
digital assets. These stories, which will vary in length from 300 to 400 words, will include but are not
limited to the following:
● FMUs — The role of local government in implementing the multiple-use forest management
approach to effectively save Indonesia’s forests.
● EFTs — Sustainable funding and financing to manage areas with conservation functions at the
sub-national level.
● Sunda pangolin EAP — Reducing the trafficking of Indonesia's protected and endangered species.
● Songbird BCC campaign — Reducing the demand of wild-caught songbirds and shifting
consumer preferences to captive-bred birds.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 51
● NDF and quota management of shark species — Science-based policies to ensure the
sustainable population of shark species in the wild.
● KEEs — Protecting Indonesia’s high conservation value areas outside designated conservation
areas.
● Tenurial conflict handling — Partnering with communities to protect Indonesia’s conservation
areas against threats through conservation partnerships.
● KSDAE communications strategy — How UPTs can build constituencies for conservation
through the implementation of KSDAE’s communications strategy.
The BIJAK website is a dependable online platform where the general public can access project news,
deliverables, and communications products in English and Bahasa Indonesia. These include featured
stories, news clips, short videos, quarterly newsletters, and infographics. Technical and non-technical
reports include policy briefs, position papers, final reports, strategies, academic papers, and technical
guidelines related to the protection of Indonesia’s forests and biodiversity.
In its final year, BIJAK will continue to capture and report program technical activities, results, and
achievements in regular quarterly reports, quarterly BIJAK Bulletins, and in the final report. In addition
to this, the BIJAK communications team will ensure that key knowledge products highlighting BIJAK-
supported approaches, tools, and methodologies are accessible for use by stakeholders after the project
has closed. BIJAK will work with partners to identify appropriate government and global websites, such
as Climate Links, Biodiversity Conservation Gateway, and Natural Resources Management and
Development Portal where BIJAK knowledge products can be posted for future access, as well as
uploaded to USAID’s DEC.
BIJAK will continue to engage the public through social media, through posts on the project’s accounts
on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. BIJAK’s social media platforms have successfully attracted a group
of dedicated followers and have shown positive growth since their inception in Year 3. The project will
continue to use these platforms to cross-promote content from BIJAK’s website and partners, host on-
line events, engage in collaborative social media campaigns, as well as educate and engage the public on
conservation issues. As outlined in the project’s Social Media Strategy, BIJAK’s posts on Twitter and
Facebook will be tailored for specific audiences, which include GOI and related CSO partners, while
BIJAK’s Instagram posts will target Indonesian youth.
BIJAK will continue to publish its quarterly newsletter, the BIJAK Bulletin, in Year 5, distributing digital
copies of the bulletin through the website, social media channels, emails, and WhatsApp group
networking. Available in English and Bahasa Indonesia, the newsletter serves as an additional
communications asset, primarily targeting the GOI, non-government counterparts, CSOs, and the
private sector.
The project will ensure all communications products that are developed by BIJAK and the project’s
grantees meet appropriate quality control standards, the requirements of the BIJAK Branding and
Marking Plan, and USAID branding guidelines before public dissemination.
Where the opportunity arises, the project will coordinate online and offline communication initiatives
with like-minded institutions in the biodiversity and forest conservation sector. These may include other
USAID projects, such as USAID ROUTES and USAID SEA (until it closes in spring 2021), or CSOs, such
as Burung Indonesia, Hutan Itu Indonesia, Rangkong Indonesia, Flora and Fauna Indonesia, Yayasan
KEHATI, Yayasan Planet Indonesia, and Universitas Nasional. Joint activities between BIJAK and these
projects and organizations may include social media campaigns, webinars, contests, and more formal
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 52
public discussions to spur a national conversation, promote new research findings, best practices, and/or
successful approaches.
KEY OBJECTIVES
● USAID’s public profile among GOI agencies, the donor community, and the media improved via
increased audience awareness of BIJAK’s impacts
● Public awareness and support for forest and biodiversity conservation increased
● Technical team ability to effectively communicate to GOI and CSO partners supported
KEY MESSAGES
The communication strategy is grounded in the following core messages:
● Indonesia’s forests and marine ecosystems are endowed with the greatest combined
concentration of marine and terrestrial biodiversity on earth. The exploitation of this natural
endowment has abetted massive land-use change, degrading valuable terrestrial and marine
ecosystems and exacerbating Indonesia’s greenhouse gas emissions. At least 30 million
Indonesians depend directly on the country’s forests, and millions more rely on ecosystem
biodiversity for breathable air, fertile soils, drinkable water, and steady incomes.
● USAID BIJAK brings to bear leading technical expertise in the areas of forestry, conservation
area management, and wildlife protection to help inform and encourage Indonesian reform
efforts that conserve valuable marine and terrestrial biodiversity, reduce greenhouse gas
emissions, and increase Indonesia’s self-reliance in forestry/conservation area management. With
a wide range of partners at USAID, BIJAK supports Indonesia to improve its management of
forests and conservation areas, and strengthen protections for marine and terrestrial wildlife
threatened by illegal or unsustainable trade, improve related laws and regulations (and
management systems/tools), and scale up innovative local approaches.
● Preserving natural habitats and biodiversity — essential to maintaining functional ecosystems —
lays the ground for sustainable development. In partnership with USAID through BIJAK,
Indonesia is increasing the health of its ecosystems so that they can provide more clean air and
water, sequester more carbon for improved climate regulation, pollinate crops for food, and
provide economic livelihood to millions.
These messages are reinforced by more specific messaging on each of the project’s technical themes.
Technical Theme 1
Improving Management of Conservation Areas
Indonesia’s network of 552 conservation areas, including 54 national parks, covers a combined 27.5 million
hectares and plays a critical role in protecting Indonesia’s remaining areas of high conservation value.
BIJAK works with the GOI to improve management of these areas by:
● Developing more effective policies and regulations governing conservation areas and
strengthening management frameworks and systems, including science-based and data-driven
approaches and tools.
● Improving management capacity to reduce the risks of deforestation from oil palm and other
encroachment in and surrounding conservation areas.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 53
● Building and strengthening conservation constituencies through improved communications by
KSDAE on national parks and other aspects of its mandate, and links to other BIJAK activity
areas, to promote a strong sense of national pride and public ownership.
Improving Management of Forests
More than 30 million Indonesians directly depend on Indonesia’s forests and the ecosystem services they
provide. The government-managed forest areas cover 64 percent of the nation’s total land area. However,
forest cover in these areas has suffered significantly due to a lack of adequate governance, planning, and
management. BIJAK works with the GOI to improve management of forests by:
● Strengthening FMUs to better preserve delicate forest ecosystems while meeting increasing
societal demands on forests. The FMU management structure is the cornerstone of Indonesia’s
forest sector reform efforts.
● Expanding funding and financing options to incentivize and provide adequate budgets for forest
conservation and sustainable forest management, including ecological fiscal transfers.
● Effectively managing KEEs — including areas of high conservation value and high carbon stock —
outside conservation areas that to date have had inadequate regulatory and management
protection.
Technical Theme II
Increasing Protection of Key Species
Wildlife trafficking undermines security, rule of law, and efforts to end extreme poverty. Millions of
Indonesians rely on forests, wildlife, and fisheries for their livelihoods. The loss of wildlife reduces
biodiversity in one of the richest areas of the world, disrupts ecosystem structure and function, eliminates
other benefits of particular species to Indonesians, and compromises Indonesia’s natural treasures and
national pride. BIJAK combats wildlife trafficking by:
● Enhancing the legal and regulatory framework and management capacity for protection and
sustainable use of biodiversity across the archipelago. This effort helps the government meet its
commitments to the CITES.
● Partnering with the government and the private sector to disrupt wildlife trafficking activities in
the domestic transportation sector.
● Supporting campaigns to reduce domestic demand for wildlife and their products, including
sharks, helmeted hornbills, pangolins, and songbird species.
KEY AUDIENCES
BIJAK groups its external target audience into three tiers. These tiers are based upon assumed
understanding of BIJAK’s goals and technical approaches. Tier 1 includes direct project partners that
have a close relation to and understanding of BIJAK; Tier 2 includes indirect partners, individuals, and
organizations working in the conservation sector; Tier 3 is youth and the general public.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 54
FORMAT AND DISSEMINATION
BIJAK will combine its digital assets with traditional print products to disseminate the project’s
messaging to the key audiences.
BIJAK’s communications team will work with the project’s technical teams to capture achievements for
inclusion in regular quarterly and annual reporting, as well as for packaging as success stories and
advocacy materials as appropriate. The communications team will spearhead the project’s presence on
its social media channels.
When applicable, BIJAK will work closely with key stakeholders in Tier 1, Tier 2, social media
influencers, and KOLs to extend the reach of the project’s communications efforts. BIJAK’s
communications team will inform the USAID Indonesia’s DOC before the start of any campaign to
increase the amplification of events. Examples may include joint campaigns (i.e., helmeted hornbill
conservation), promotion of events, such as announcements of key policy changes, successful initiatives,
or the commemoration of international environmental days. These events will be planned on a quarterly
basis and BIJAK will inform the DOC before the campaigns begin so that they can help amplify
messaging.
BIJAK will work to ensure its knowledge products — including research, survey results, assessments,
policy recommendations, and other technical reports — are shared broadly among relevant target
audiences to help inform policy-making and support the adoption of best practices. The following are the
primary communication tools BIJAK will utilize for its Year 5 communications strategy:
A. BIJAK Bulletin Quarterly Newsletter
The BIJAK Bulletin will help improve the project’s connection with Indonesian counterparts by
providing them with updates on important project progress. Available both in English and Bahasa
Indonesia, the newsletter will be circulated on the BIJAK website, social media, and print.
Tier 1: Direct partners: USAID, KLHK,
KKP, Bappenas, Rangkong Indonesia,
Kemitraan, WCS-IP, PT Sari Bumi
Kusuma, grantees
Tier 2: Indirect partners: international
donors, NGOs, CSOs, foundations,
universities, think tanks, research
institutions, the private sector, other
governments agencies, public figures,
influencers, social entrepreneurs, and
journalists
Tier 3: Youth and the general public
Figure 10. Key Audiences
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 55
B. Website
The website is BIJAK’s key online communications tool to reach its targeted audiences. The project
will provide new content weekly to keep the website fresh and updated. BIJAK will develop an exit
strategy to ensure the sustainability of the information on the website is available after the project
ends. The BIJAK communications team will coordinate any plans related to knowledge management
of the project’s key products with the USAID Indonesia’s DOC team. BIJAK uses Google Analytics
to monitor website traffic on a monthly basis, allowing the project to identify which pages receive
the most visits and where visitors spend the most time, in order to improve content management
and planning. BIJAK will cross-promote its web content through its social media channels. Content
will include, but not be limited to:
● General project information
● Articles/write-ups on BIJAK activities, progress, and achievements
● Visual products (infographics, videos, and photos)
● Links to BIJAK’s Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram accounts
● Technical and non-technical publications
● BIJAK Bulletin
C. Social Media
Social media analytics have shown that all of BIJAK’s social media platforms have seen steady growth in
the number of followers. BIJAK will continue to improve engagement among Indonesia social media users
on Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram by periodically hosting games and challenges to celebrate
commemorative days, as well as through partnerships in the form of multi-stakeholder campaigns and
collaborations. Tactics to increase engagement include:
● Leveraging the social media networks of key opinion leaders, social media influencers,
environment activists, and like-minded organizations that partner with BIJAK to implement
activities
● Using social media monitoring and analytical tools to conduct social listening to measure
the response to specific messaging and materials
● Providing captions that are interesting and informative to garner more engagement among
the audience
● Varying the materials to avoid content fatigue and increase engagement
● Tagging, commenting on, and reposting relevant content from BIJAK’s followers
D. Print materials
● Success stories. One-page success stories that highlight Year 5 milestones and cover a
range of themes from TT1 and TT2. All materials will be shared with the USAID Indonesia
DOC team for review before publication to the general public.
● Guidelines, reports, papers, case studies, and other BIJAK publications. All products will
adhere to the USAID branding and marking guidelines.
E. Reporting
Quarterly, annual, and final reports will be produced and submitted to USAID as contractually
mandated. The BIJAK communications team will share original photo files with photo credits and
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 56
one to two sentence captions with the USAID DOC team for posting on the USAID Flickr
account.
MEASUREMENT
In Year 5, BIJAK will use commercial web traffic and social media analytics to examine audience size and
engagement to help sharpen messaging and their delivery. The application, Sprout Social, will provide
BIJAK with a tool to monitor, manage, and optimize the project’s Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram
presence, and provide vital statistics capturing follower growth, exposure, and engagement rate. BIJAK
will present its social media monitoring in quarterly reports to USAID. All technical analysis will be used
to create engaging content for the project’s social media platforms.
Table 3. Estimated Production Schedule
Tasks Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May
Website
Weekly Bullets
Social Media*
engagement rate targets
(%)
- Facebook 0.09** 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09
- Twitter 0.045** 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045 0.045
- Instagram 1.22** 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22
Publications
- BIJAK Bulletin 1 1 1
- Success stories 3
- Lessons Learned
Technical Briefs
3 3 3
Reporting
- Quarterly Reports Q1 Q2
- Annual Report 2020
- Work Plan 2021
- Final Report***
Other
- Demobilization
Plan****
1
* BIJAK will post 3 to 4 posts per platform per week. Depending on the platform and the day of the week, BIJAK will post
messages either during the morning or evening hours.
** BIJAK’s monthly social media engagement rate targets are based on the median engagement rates across all industry sectors.
*** Per BIJAK contract section F.5.13 — Final Report — The Contractor must provide a draft final report to the
USAID/Indonesia TOCOR for review 45 calendar days prior to the task order completion date. The TOCOR will provide
comments to the contractor within 10 working days.
****Per BIJAK contract section F.5.12 — Demobilization Plan Six months prior to the completion date, the Contractor must
submit a Close-Out/Demobilization Plan for TOCOR approval.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 57
ANNEX 1A: TECHNICAL THEME 1, YEAR 5 GANTT CHART
Activity Area Tasks Schedule
Milestones/Outputs Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Technical Theme 1: Improving Management of Conservation Areas and Forests
Sub-theme 1.1: Improving Management of Conservation Areas
Strategic Approach 1.1.1: Strengthen conservation area management frameworks and systems
A. Strengthen protection
of conservation areas by
resolving tenurial conflict
through conservation
partnerships
Pilot conservation partnerships as tenurial conflict/
encroachment handling approach in Gunung Rinjani NP,
Meru Betiri NP, Bantimurung Bulusaraung NP, SM
Kateri.
Track legal enforcement action and economic
empowerment piloted by the UPT in Bukit Baka Bukit
Raya NP
(under grant to LATIN)
Conservation partnership agreements signed
in four sites; conservation partnership
implementation plans developed
Action plans developed and implemented
Improved management begins and
tenurial/encroachment conflict is reduced
Update the tenurial conflict handling guidelines based
on the lessons learned from pilot activities Guidelines are enacted by KSDAE decree
Hold a national learning event for KSDAE and the UPTs
to review lessons learned from conservation
partnerships and enforcement approaches to handling
tenurial conflict/encroachments
UPTs learn about conservation partnerships
and enforcement approaches so that they
can apply them in their areas
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 58
Activity Area Tasks Schedule
Milestones/Outputs Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
B. Pilot participatory
rezoning as a tenurial
conflict/encroachment
handling approach in
Sebangau National Park
(Under grant to LATIN)
Collect comprehensive data on rezoning needs at the
site, including socio-economics of the customary
community, urgent threats to biodiversity, and analysis
of land cover
Comprehensive data and issues on rezoning
needs identified
Consultation meetings between UPT and customary
community to agree on rezoning conservation area
Indicative rezoning map of conservation area
finalized
Proposed rezoning is presented to PIKA and KSDAE Rezoning is reviewed and approved by PIKA
and KSDAE
Develop practical participatory rezoning guidelines
based on lessons learned from Sebangau NP and other
conservation areas
Participatory rezoning guidelines developed
and delivered to PIKA
Launch participatory rezoning guidelines to UPTs at
February 2021 learning event
Participatory rezoning guidelines
disseminated UPTs to guide them in
implementing participatory rezoning
C. Strengthen data-driven
management at the site
level and data links from
conservation areas to
central decision makers
Pilot data-driven decision-making and monitor tenurial
conflict/encroachment handling at Meru Betiri National
Park, Gunung Rinjani National Park, Bukit Baka Bukit
Raya National Park, Bantimurung Bulusaraung National
Park, Sebangau National Park, and SM Kateri
MIS with conservation data (types of threats,
threat data, typology analysis, handling
recommendations, handling progress, and
final status of threats handling)
operationalized
Data flow between national and site level
and vice versa through the MIS and are being
analyzed and used for decision-making and
management for tenurial conflict handling
Equip and mentor UPTs at six pilot sites to use the I-
Stri sidebar enter conservation data (types of threats,
threat data, encroachment typology, handling
recommendations, handling progress, and final status)
The use of the I-Stri sidebar for entering
conservation data is tested
UPT staff at six pilot sites understand and
use I-Stri sidebar to enter conservation data
Equip and mentor UPTs at up to 10 additional sites to
use the I-Stri sidebar to enter conservation data
(through WCS)
The use of the I-Stri sidebar for entering
conservation data is tested
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 59
Activity Area Tasks Schedule
Milestones/Outputs Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
UPT staff at six pilot sites understand and
use I-Stri sidebar to enter conservation data
Based on pilot results, refine the I-Stri sidebar to be
more responsive to site-level needs for conservation
area management
MIS data flow from national to site level and
vice versa through the integrated database
for monitoring, analysis and to use for
conservation area decision-making and
management
Strategic Approach 1.1.2: Reinforce management capacity, collaboration, and coordination to reduce conservation area encroachment
A. Renstra support
Provide technical assistance to KSDAE to finalize the
Renstra 2020-2024 KSDAE enacts the Renstra
Provide technical assistance to integrate tenurial
conflict/encroachment handling targets to finalize the
Directorate KK Renstra 2020-2024
Directorate KK Renstra finalized and
includes tenurial conflict/encroachment
handling targets
B. Build capacity for
spatial data analysis
for encroachment
handling
FGDs to finalize GIS methodology for encroachment
area analysis and draft decree to formalize the
methodology
GIS methodology for mapping encroached
areas within conservation areas finalized and
enacted
Develop training module for tenurial
conflict/encroachment handling spatial analysis
Training module (including e-learning
format) developed
Develop guidelines to inventory threats in conservation
areas
Additional information for lessons learned
document
Deliver GIS training to UPTs to map tenurial conflict
/encroachment locations within conservation areas
Capacity to analyze encroachment data
improved
Review detailed encroachment maps from each UPT to
finalize definitive national encroachment map
Definitive national encroachment map
developed
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 60
Activity Area Tasks Schedule
Milestones/Outputs Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
C. Formalize
encroachment handling
curriculum and personnel
competency
Develop training module on tenurial
conflict/encroachment handling and tenurial conflict
spatial analysis; draft decree to integrate it into
Pusdiklat
Training module (including e-learning
materials) developed and enacted
Develop personnel standard competency for tenurial
conflict/encroachment handling and draft decree to
enact it
Personnel standard competency for tenurial
conflict/encroachment handling developed
and enacted
Train 36 UPT staff from Bali-Nusa Tenggara and
Sulawesi-Maluku-Papua regions on tenurial
conflict/encroachment handling
Training delivered to UPTs from Bali-Nusa
Tenggara and Sulawesi-Maluku-Papua regions
D. Pilot encroachment
handling through
conservation partnerships
(Under LATIN grant)
See SA 1.1.1
Strategic Approach 1.1.3: Build and Strengthen Constituencies for Conservation
A. Develop implementing
regulations for media
engagement strategy and
social media strategy
Technical meetings to finalize regulations for social
media and media engagement strategies
Regulations for social media and media
engagement strategies enacted
Workshop to disseminate the strategies to KLHK's
official spokespersons
KLHK spokespersons receive and
understand the strategies they will
implement
B. Improve and enhance
KSDAE and UPT
communications capacity
to implement the
communications strategy
Training of trainers for KLHK's Information and PPID
on how to implement the communications strategies
KLHK's PPID capacity to implement the
communications strategies improved
Support/mentor selected UPTs over five months,
monitoring and documenting their communications
improvements and achievements
UPTs communications successes
documented and highlighted
Conduct a series of journalist and social media
influencer visits to national parks
Engagement between national parks and
social media influencers and journalist
established
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 61
Activity Area Tasks Schedule
Milestones/Outputs Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
C. Implement the Anak
Muda Cinta Taman
National campaign
Work with coalition members and creative firm to
develop, test and produce campaign materials
Campaign materials developed, tested, and
produced
Mentor the coalition to implement AMCTN campaign
communications and events to raise awareness and
promote protection of Indonesia’s national parks,
including developing and producing:
- Videos, webinars, podcasts, or YouTube series with
KOLs
- Art expo/urban art festival, which includes street
artists
- PSAs/videos to be screened at cinemas or public
videotrons
Constituency for conservation of national
parks in increased, especially among youth
Train campaign partners to monitor and measure the
effectiveness of the campaign using social listening and
hashtag tracking
Campaign partner capacity to monitor and
measure their communications efforts is
increased
Sub-theme 1.2: Improving Management of Forests
Strategic Approach 1.2.1: Strengthen FMUs to implement effective multiple use forest management
A. Performance criteria
and indicators of FMU
Finalize FMU performance criteria and indicator
guidelines and draft Ministerial regulation
Final performance criteria and indicators
enacted through Ministerial regulation
Pilot performance criteria and indicators in two FMUs
Performance criteria and indicators tested in
KPH Yogyakarta and KPH Wilayah V Gayo
Lues, Aceh
B. FMU Programming and
budgeting guidelines
Disseminate FMU programming and budgeting
indicators in a workshop for FMUs and relevant
stakeholders
Bappenas and relevant stakeholders receive
and understand the proposed programming
and budgeting guidelines for further action
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 62
Activity Area Tasks Schedule
Milestones/Outputs Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Strategic Approach 1.2.2: Expand the use of innovative funding and financing strategies to incentivize forest conservation and sustainable
forest management
A. Promote regulatory
revisions needed to
formalize EFTs and pilot
them
Technical discussions with KLHK, Ministry of Home
Affairs, Ministry of Village, DG Fiscal Balancing of
Ministry of Finance policy-makers to present ecological
indicators to revise Permenkeu No. 205/PMK.07/2019
and Permen LHK No. P.7/2020
Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Village, and
KLHK understand and adopt the proposed
formulas and the ecological indicators
Technical discussions with DPR to propose adding the
ecological indicators to Law 33/2004, and to Law
20/2019
DPR understands and receives the proposed
ecological indicators for the law revision
process
Workshop to present the revised Regulation 205/2019,
Permen LHK No P.7/2020, and Law 20/2019 to
provincial governments and CSOs
Provincial governments and CSOs
understand the revised regulation and how
to use it to request EFTs
Pilot EFTs with provincial government of South
Sulawesi and North Kalimantan
Selected provincial governments understand
and include EFTs in their budget planning
process
Strategic Approach 1.2.3: Protect essential ecosystem areas outside conservation areas, including non-state forest
A. Finalize the ABKT
guidelines and develop
training and standard
competency based on
them
B. Analyze options for
sustainable financing for
KEE protection
Technical assistance to finalize the ABKT guidelines for
KEE management
Guidelines for KEE management finalized
and enacted
Develop and formalize a training curriculum, and
training module, and a personnel standard competency
based on the ABKT guidelines
Training curriculum developed
Personnel standard competency developed
Training module (for in person and e-
learning) developed
Analyze options to create financial incentives for KEE
management and HCV protection
Options for financial incentives for KEE
management and HCV protection defined
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 63
Activity Area Tasks Schedule
Milestones/Outputs Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Promote options of financial incentive for KEE
management to government
Options are promoted to the related
ministries
C. Expand KEE pilot
activities
Expand KEE pilot activities to three additional areas
(Under grant to ARuPA)
KEE forums in three additional pilot areas
established
Management plans for the KEE forums
produced
Forum members have increased capacity for
managing the KEE
Budget for KEE management allocated from
provincial and district government
Analyze inventory results to provide data and
information for IBSAP
Inventory results analyzed and submitted to
KSDAE and Bappenas
Conduct FGDs between private sector and BPEE
related to HCV sharing data
Gaps in the HCV are registration process
are identified
Recommendations to improve the HCV
registration process are provided to BPEE
D. Build capacity to use
Spatial Multi-Criteria
Assessment
Train BKSDA to use SMCA analysis BKSDA can use SMCA methodology to
produce maps
Groundtruth the areas of high biodiversity identified
using SMCA maps
At least 19 areas with high biodiversity
value are groundtruthed
E. Conduct a national
KEE and SMCA learning
event
Conduct national learning workshop on effective KEE
management and SMCA based on pilots
Lessons learned from using SMCA are
understood by BPEE and BKSDA
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 64
ANNEX 1B: TECHNICAL THEME 2, YEAR 5 GANTT CHART
Activity Area Tasks Schedule
Milestones/Outputs Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Strategic Approach 2.1: Revise and update the legal and policy framework, and build capacity to confront the illegal or unsustainable trade in
wildlife, and meet national commitments to CITES
A. Improve capacity of
key government
offices to identify
protected species
Train KLHK and other agencies from Jakarta,
Surabaya, Makassar, and Medan and on protected
species identification
Guidelines are used to identify illegal traded
protected species
Deliver final e-learning training materials to KLHK to
integrate into Pusdiklat
Training modules integrated into Pusdiklat
by decree
B. Optimize national
database for species
utilization according to
established quotas
Work with KKH to optimize the SIASAT database SIASAT database optimized so that national
export quotas are not exceeded
Train KKH Transportation of Wild Plants and Animals
officers on the use of the SIASAT system. Improved capacity of KKH to use the
SIASAT database
Pilot the use of SIASAT in the five provinces with the
highest levels of animal exports Improved tracking of quota use
C. Establish a species
population monitoring
network protected
species
Deliver online training to KLHK, LIPI, Indonesian
CSOs, and universities on species population
monitoring methods for CITES Appendix II listed
species
Capacity for population monitoring is
increased
Network-building to establish a new multi-stakeholder
species population monitoring network
New partnership exists for joint species
population monitoring and data sharing
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 65
Work with species population monitoring network
members to aggregate population data for Sunda
pangolin
Pangolin population data is aggregated as
baseline for EAP implementation and SRAK
development
D. Improve capacity of
BPSPL staff to monitor
trade of CITES Appendix
II-listed shark and ray
species
Assess effectiveness of current SOPs for monitoring
and reporting silky shark catch at Tanjung Luar Assessment report delivered to KKP
Work with KKP to revise the SOPs, based on
assessment results
SOPs are more effectively implemented to
monitor silky shark catch and trade
Revise the training course to so that it can be
delivered in person or online, with new material
related to science-based quota-setting, exit permits for
CITES Appendix II-listed species, and updates to the
SOPs for catch and export quota monitoring and
reporting
Training course updated and training
materials submitted to KKP
Train BPSPL offices, port officials and shark traders on
required procedures and permits to monitor the catch
and export of all CITES Appendix II-listed fish species
Capacity to apply the SOPs improved at the
national level, monitoring of catch and
export of CITES Appendix II-listed fish
species is improved
Develop recommendations for more effective shark
and ray trade monitoring as the basis for future KKHL
capacity building program for CITES species trade
monitoring
Policy paper with recommendations to
improve the effectiveness of shark and ray
trade monitoring delivered to KKP
E. Improve GOI capacity
to manage threatened
shark species using
evidence-based decision-
making
Finalize NDF for mako shark NDF finalized for LIPI to submit to CITES
Finalize NDF for hammerhead shark NDF finalized for LIPI to submit to CITES
Disseminate lessons learned through the process of
supporting science/evidence-based shark conservation
and recommended next steps to improve shark
management to KKP, LIPI, BPSPL, the private sector,
and the NGO community
Capacity for shark conservation is increased
in KKP, LIPI, BPSPL and NGOs
Strategic Approach 2.2: Increase commitment to tackling wildlife crime and reduce domestic demand for wildlife and their products
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 66
A. Improve Indonesian
helmeted hornbill
conservation
Stakeholder meeting to evaluate the implementation of
helmeted hornbill SRAK
Helmeted hornbill SRAK implementation
evaluated, challenges and best practices
identified to improve coordination and
collaboration to implement the SRAK Host a game-jam for high school and college students
to raise the profile of the helmeted hornbills in
Indonesia
Anti-poaching messaging and facts about
helmeted hornbill delivered through games
Hold virtual storytelling competition on helmeted
hornbill conservation for World Wildlife Day 2020 Awareness of HH conservation increased in
communities near HH habitat
B. Reduce demand for
wild-caught songbirds
through BCC campaign
Complete the BCC demand reduction campaign:
• Conduct engagement activities with KOL and
influential figures among songbird hobbyists to
gather deeper insights for a more sustainable
#BijakBerkicau campaign
• Channel messages through online interactive
campaign activities hosted by KOLs
• Identify website or partner where the public can
access campaign information and materials after
BIJAK has ended the Facebook fan page of
#BijakBerkicau campaign
• Conduct mid and endline surveys to measure the
impacts of the campaign.
• KOLs agree to be official messengers of
#BijakBerkicau campaign
• Key messages of #BijakBerkicau are
disseminated by KOLs
• Website or partner where
#BijakBerkicau campaign materials will
be posted for future access by the public
identified
• Final report is produced and initial BCC
campaign impacts are analyzed
Work with key stakeholders (KKH, LIPI, songbird
trendsetters, and veterinarians) to socialize the
songbird-keeping regulation and standard husbandry
Raised awareness of the new songbird-
keeping regulation and standard husbandry
C. Support KLHK
participation in the One
Health Initiative
Develop SOPs for UPTs to monitor wildlife for
emerging zoonotic diseases
Practical SOPs for wildlife monitoring are
developed for Indonesia for UPT staff to use,
based on international best practices
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 67
Train UPTs to use the SOPs
UPTs understand how to conduct the
monitoring required to support KLHK’s
participation in the One Health Initiative;
monitoring is improved
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 68
ANNEX 2: ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND
MONITORING PLAN
This EMMP has been developed in accordance with Section C.5 of the BIJAK task order, and conforms to
the requirements therein, as well as the environmental threshold decisions from the Initial Environmental
Examination registered under the Asia 15-079. The Environmental Review Form screens proposed activities
contained in the Year 5 work plan, and for any activity that presents a moderate, high or unknown risk, the
EMMP defines steps to mitigate potential harmful impacts.
Environmental Review Form for PY5 Workplan
SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES, SCREENING RESULTS, AND FINDINGS
Activity Area
Screening result Findings
Very
Low
Ris
k
Hig
h R
isk
Modera
te o
r U
nknow
n R
isk
Sig
nific
ant
adve
rse im
pac
ts
are v
ery
unlik
ely
With s
peci
fied m
itig
atio
n, no
sign
ific
ant
adve
rse im
pac
ts
are v
ery
lik
ely
Sig
nific
ant
adve
rse im
pac
ts
are p
oss
ible
Strategic Approach 1.1.1: Strengthen conservation area
management frameworks and systems
A. Strengthen protection of conservation areas by resolving
tenurial conflict through conservation partnerships ✓ ✓
B. Pilot participatory rezoning as a tenurial
conflict/encroachment handling approach in Sebangau NP ✓ ✓
C. Strengthen data-driven management at the site level and
data links from conservation areas to central decision
makers
✓ ✓
Strategic Approach 1.1.2: Reinforce management
capacity, collaboration, and coordination to reduce
conservation area encroachment, including oil palm
A. Renstra support ✓ ✓
B. Build capacity for spatial data analysis for encroachment
handling ✓ ✓
C. Formalize encroachment handling curriculum and personnel
competency ✓ ✓
D. Pilot encroachment handling through conservation
partnerships ✓ ✓
Strategic Approach 1.1.3: Build and strengthen
constituencies for conservation
A. Develop implementing regulations for media engagement
strategy and social media strategy ✓ ✓
B. Improve and enhance KSDAE and UPT communications
capacity to implement the communications strategy ✓ ✓
C. Implement the Anak Muda Cinta Taman National campaign ✓ ✓
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 69
Activity Area
Screening result Findings
Very
Low
Ris
k
Hig
h R
isk
Modera
te o
r U
nknow
n R
isk
Sig
nific
ant
adve
rse im
pac
ts
are v
ery
unlik
ely
With s
peci
fied m
itig
atio
n, no
sign
ific
ant
adve
rse im
pac
ts
are v
ery
lik
ely
Sig
nific
ant
adve
rse im
pac
ts
are p
oss
ible
Strategic Approach 1.2.1: Strengthen forest
management units (FMUs) to implement effective
multiple use forest management
A. Performance criteria and indicators of FMU ✓ ✓
B. FMU programming and budgeting guidelines ✓ ✓
Strategic Approach 1.2.2: Expand the use of innovative
funding and financing strategies to incentivize forest
conservation and sustainable forest management
A. Promote regulatory revisions needed to formalize EFTs and
pilot them ✓ ✓
Strategic Approach 1.2.3: Protect KEEs outside
conservation areas, including non-state forest
A. Finalize the ABKT guidelines and develop training and
standard competency based on them ✓ ✓
B. Analyze options for sustainable financing for KEE
protection ✓ ✓
C. Expand KEE pilot activities ✓ ✓
D. Build capacity to use Spatial Multi-Criteria Assessment ✓ ✓
E. Conduct a national KEE and SMCA learning event ✓ ✓
Strategic Approach 2.1: Revise and update the legal and
policy framework, and build capacity to confront the
illegal or unsustainable trade in wildlife, and meet
national commitments to CITES
A. Improve capacity of key government offices to identify
protected species ✓ ✓
B. Optimize national database for species utilization according
to established quotas ✓ ✓
C. Establish a species population monitoring network
protected species ✓ ✓
D. Improve capacity of BPSPL staff to monitor trade of CITES
Appendix II-listed shark and ray species ✓ ✓
E. Improve GOI capacity to manage threatened shark species
using evidence-based decision-making ✓ ✓
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 70
Activity Area
Screening result Findings
Very
Low
Ris
k
Hig
h R
isk
Modera
te o
r U
nknow
n R
isk
Sig
nific
ant
adve
rse im
pac
ts
are v
ery
unlik
ely
With s
peci
fied m
itig
atio
n, no
sign
ific
ant
adve
rse im
pac
ts
are v
ery
lik
ely
Sig
nific
ant
adve
rse im
pac
ts
are p
oss
ible
Strategic Approach 2.2: Increase commitment to
tackling wildlife crime and reduce domestic demand for
wildlife and their products
A. Improve Indonesian helmeted hornbill conservation ✓ ✓
B. Reduce demand for wild-caught songbirds through behavior
change communications campaign ✓ ✓
C. Support KLHK participation in the One Health Initiative ✓ ✓
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 71
Environmental Monitoring and Mitigation Plan for PY5 Implementation
ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN BASED ON CATEGORY OF ACTIVITY
CATEGORY OF
ACTIVITY
ACTIVITIES WITH
MODERATE/UNKNOWN RISK IDENTIFIED
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
DO THE IMPACTS
REQUIRE FURTHER
CONSIDERATION?
MITIGATION
MEASURE
MONITORING
INDICATOR
Support for the
development of
technical guidelines,
Standard, or
methodologies
1.2.1.A. Performance criteria and
indicators of FMU
1.2.1.B. FMU Programming and
budgeting guidelines
1.1.1.B. Pilot participatory
rezoning as a tenurial
conflict/encroachment handling
approach in Sebangau NP
1.1.2.C. Formalize encroachment
handling curriculum and personnel
competency
2.2.C. Support KLHK participation
in the One Health Initiative
USAID determined activities
that
promote or implement best
practices on forest
management is Negative
Determination with Condition
(NDw/C).
Improperly designed technical
guidelines could:
• Cause harm to the
community/ human health,
• Cause ineffective conservation
area management
• Lead to further environmental
degradation.
• Increase social impact/conflict
on tenurial
Yes BIJAK will work closely
with numerous
stakeholders, including
GOI, CSOs,
Universities, and other
projects to ensure the
guideline/SOP/module/
curriculum is properly
drafted by adopting the
best practices from
sites and with sufficient
public consultation and
by ensuring the module
includes appropriate
mitigation measures
needed.
Discussions, meetings,
and public consultation
for the guidelines/SOPs/
module/curriculum
development held.
Support for the
development of and
revision of regulations
or policy
1.1.3.A. Develop implementing
regulations for media engagement
strategy and social media strategy
1.2.3.A. Finalize the ABKT
guidelines and develop training
and standard competency based
on them
USAID determined that
activities that related to policy
development are NDw/C.
Improperly designed regulation
or policies could lead to
unintended consequences,
perverse incentives, harm to the
community, insufficiently
address conservation issues or
lead to further impacts of
deforestation and biodiversity
loss.
Yes BIJAK will ensure
citizen participation is
included in the process
of regulation/policy
development by
working closely with
numerous
stakeholders, including
GOI, CSOs, think
tanks/experts and
other projects and
donors.
Policy gap identification,
regulatory impact
assessment, expert
meeting, and public
consultation are
conducted.
NGO, think-tank, media,
private sectors
participation in the
process of
regulation/policy
development are
supported.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 72
CATEGORY OF
ACTIVITY
ACTIVITIES WITH
MODERATE/UNKNOWN RISK IDENTIFIED
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
DO THE IMPACTS
REQUIRE FURTHER CONSIDERATION?
MITIGATION
MEASURE
MONITORING
INDICATOR
Provide Policy
recommendations 1.2.2.A. Promote regulatory
revisions needed to formalize
EFTs and pilot them
2.1.E. Improve GOI capacity to
manage threatened shark species
using evidence-based decision-
making
USAID determined that
activities that related to policy
recommendation development
are NDw/C. Improper policy
recommendation formulation on
incentivized forest conservation
or on key species protection
could lead to insufficient results
in addressing forest
conservation issues or could
lead to key species extinction.
Yes Conduct thorough
review of the policy
recommendation as
well as hold series of
discussions to get input
and use this
information to enrich
the policy
recommendations.
Deep research on the
best practice of species
trade monitoring and
best incentive scheme for
forest conservation as
well as policy discussion
are conducted.
Support policy
implementation 1.1.1.A. Strengthen protection of
conservation areas by resolving
tenurial conflict through
conservation partnerships
1.1.1.B. Pilot participatory
rezoning as a tenurial
conflict/encroachment handling
approach in Sebangau NP
1.1.1.C. Strengthen data-driven
management at the site level
and data links from
conservation areas to central
decision makers 1.1.2.D. Pilot encroachment
handling through conservation
partnerships
1.2.3.C. Expand KEE pilot
activities
1.2.3.D. Build capacity to use
Spatial Multi-Criteria Assessment
2.1.C. Establish a species
population monitoring network
protected species
USAID determined activities
that implement best
management practice on forest
management and biodiversity
conservation are NDw/C.
Improper policy implementation
could lead to ineffective law
enforcement and further
exacerbate drivers of
biodiversity loss and ineffective
conservation area management.
Yes BIJAK will ensure that
the action plan is
developed based on
proper study and
involving related
government agencies,
communities, and
experts.
BIJAK will also ensure
that data collection
activity, gathering
people type of activity,
or ground checking
activity at conservation
sites will be conducted
carefully without
threatening living
habitat or degrading
the environment.
Capacity building of
related key stakeholders,
assessments/studies,
inter-agency discussions
are conducted.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 73
ACTIVITY SPECIFIC MONITORING PLAN
MONITORING INDICATOR MONITORING AND
REPORTING FREQUENCY RESPONSIBLE PARTY RECORDS GENERATED
Discussions, meetings, and public
consultation for the guideline/SOP/
module/curriculum development held.
Prior to public consultation
and finalizing the draft of
guideline/SOP/module/
curriculum
Senior Technical Advisor (TT1)
Land Use Governance and Policy Specialist
(C1)
Environmental Enterprise Development
Associate (C3)
Assessment of extent to which negative
environment impacts are mitigated.
Policy gap identification, regulatory impact
assessment, expert meeting, and public
consultation are conducted.
NGO, think tank, media, private sectors
participation in the process of
regulation/policy development are supported.
Prior to finalizing the draft of
regulation or regulatory
frameworks
Senior Technical Advisor (TT1)
Environmental Enterprise Development
Associate (C3)
Environmental Advocacy and Social
Marketing Specialist (C4)
Assessment of extent to which negative
environment impacts are mitigated.
Deep research on the best practice of
species trade monitoring and best incentive
scheme for forest conservation as well as
policy discussion are conducted.
Prior to finalizing
recommendation for policies
Senior Technical Advisor (TT1)
Land Use Governance and Policy Specialist
(C1)
Senior Technical Advisor (TT2)
Biodiversity Conservation Specialist (C2)
Assessment of extent to which negative
environment impacts are mitigated.
Capacity building of related key stakeholders,
assessments/studies, interagency discussions
are conducted.
Before and after providing
training or visiting targeted
conservation sites.
Senior Technical Advisor (TT1)
Land Use Governance and Policy Specialist
(C1)
Environmental Enterprise Development
Associate (C3)
Senior Technical Advisor (TT2)
Biodiversity Conservation Specialist (C2)
Assessment of extent to which negative
environment impacts are mitigated.
BIJAK Annual Work Plan – FY 2021 74
ANNEX 3: YEAR 5 INDICATORS AND TARGETS
Indicator # INDICATOR NAME TARGET
YEAR 5
F – EG.10.2-4 Number of people trained in sustainable natural resources management and/or biodiversity conservation as a result
of USG assistance
25
F – EG.10.2-5 Number of laws, policies, or regulations that address biodiversity conservation and/or other environmental themes
officially proposed, adopted or implemented as a result of USG assistance
1
F – EG.13-1 Number of people trained in sustainable landscapes supported by USG assistance 25
F – EG.13-2 Number of institutions with improved capacity to address sustainable landscapes issues as supported by USG
assistance
10
F – EG.13-3 Number of laws, policies, regulations, or standards addressing sustainable landscapes formally proposed, adopted, or
implemented as supported by USG assistance
3
F – EG.13-4 Amount of investment mobilized (in USD) for sustainable landscapes as supported by USG assistance 25,000
F – GNDR-8 Number of persons trained with USG assistance to advance outcomes consistent with gender equality or female
empowerment through their roles in public or private sector institutions or organizations
10
Custom 4 Amount of investment leveraged in USD from private and public sources for biodiversity conservation as a result of
BIJAK assistance
$ 5,000
Custom 7 Number of institutions receiving data, information, or tools related to biodiversity conservation and/or sustainable
landscapes developed or enhanced by BIJAK
14
Custom 12 Number of forums convened by BIJAK or BIJAK partners to discuss and/or develop action plans or policy
recommendations in support of BIJAK objectives
10
Custom 15 Number of stories featuring BIJAK’s or BIJAK-supported partner’s sustainable landscapes or conservation messages
covered in media
50
Custom 17 Number of women who are active in policy dialogue activities implemented by BIJAK or BIJAK partners 35
Custom 18 Number of actions taken by key related stakeholders to implement species protection-related policy as result of
BIJAK support
1
Custom 19 Number of people who participate in BIJAK or BIJAK’s partners public awareness campaign events 200
Custom 20 Number of visitors to website pages managed by BIJAK partners to promote targeted issues 200,000
Custom 21 Number of people from CSOs, think tanks, media, government staff or private sector entities trained by BIJAK
reporting improvements in addressing conservation area management, protecting key species, or raising awareness
of issues related to BIJAK
25