Buffalo Niagara RIVERKEEPER Bogdan Green Infrastructure

8/22/2019 Buffalo Niagara RIVERKEEPER Bogdan Green Infrastructure

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Bualo Niagara RIVERKEEPER

Green Infrastructure Presentationand

CSO No. 60 Pilot Project (Green Streets)


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e intent of this presentation is to explain the existing function of combined sewer systems a

heir impact on human health and public safety. is handbook highlights the usage of sustaina

measures such as green infrastructure techniques to manage stormwater.

Older cities have combined stormwater and sanitary sewer systems. As cities grew and developm

ncreased, so did the amount of impervious surfaces and has caused these combined systems

overow. Stormwater has played a major role in the overow events. e combined sewer systeare adequately sized to handle the sanitary components of the system when storm events occur, r

water ows into the combined system at a rapid rate and overwhelms the existing infrastructu

When this occurs, raw sewage and untreated water are emptied into local waterways to relieve

ocal water treatment plants and prevent basement backups. e untreated spillage causes harm

pollutants to overow into locations where people sh, swim and play in the local waterways.


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Outline

Introduction to Bualo Niagara RIVERKEEPER

Stormwater and Combined Sewer Systems

Green Infrastructure as a Solution to Combined Sewer Overows (CSOs)

Green Infrastructure in Bualo, NY

Bualo Sewer Authority

Green Infrastructure Pilot Project

Questions/Comments


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Defending your right to clean water.

Riverkeeper combinesrsthand knowledge of our waterways with an unwaveri

commitment to the rights of our communities to clean water and for the w

and equitable use of water resources. Our goal is forshable, swimmable a

drinkable waterways throughout the Bualo Niagara region. Riverkeeper i

member of the global WATERKEEPER ALLIANCE.


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Stormwater

Stormwater runo is generated when precipitation from rainfall and snowmelt ows over landmpervious surfaces and does not percolate into the ground. As runoows over saturated land

over impervious surfaces (paved streets, plazas and sidewalk, parking lots, and building rooopsaccumulates debris, chemicals, sediment or other pollutants that adversely aects water quality if uno is directly discharged untreated into our waterways. Although the City of Bualos combitormwater and sewer systems are adequately sized to carry ow during dry weather, it is curren

designed to send overow into our waterways during large storm events. As the amount of paved surfahas increased over time so has the number of overow events.

Source: phillywatersheds.org


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Existing Combined SewerOverflow Condition

Combined Sewer System

Water fromStorm Drain

(Blue)

Rain Water intoDownspout

Local Waterway

Overflow Pipe

CombinedWasteWate

rtoTreatmentPlant

Rain water fromDownspout

(Blue)

Raw sewageand Human

waste(Brown)

Clean Rain Water is mixed withraw sewage: spilling out into

our local waterways when theexisting system is overwhelmed.

Combined Sewer Systems

uring wet weather events, the existing combined sewer system (CSS) becomes overwhelmed. e CSS is purposely designed to overow intour local waterways to relieve ooding issues and sewage in basements. ese designed overow situations cause harmful pollutants to ow

nto our local water systems.nfortunately, the combined sewer overow (CSO) pipes are located in public right of ways along water bodies where people sh, swim, boat

nd play, causing a major health and public safety concern.

CSO overows cause oatables, toxinsand other pollutants to accumulate inour local waterways.


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Combined Sewer Systems in the USA

is map identies the locations of Combined Sewer Systems (CSS) in the United States of AmerMost are found in older industrial cities. You should notice how they are most oen located near, ormajor waterways within our fresh water systems, especially along the Great Lakes and major rivers suas the Mississippi River. ese CSSs are playing a major role in polluting our fresh waters.

e dots on the map mark the cities across our country

that still rely upon combined sewer systems to transportwastewater to their treatment facilities

Source: EPA.gov


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Our Local Waterways

Our local waterways of the Bualo River and the Niagara River are a great attribute to this area. Peo

sh, swim and recreate in these waters. Many local residents use these waterways to sh for food. Wcombined sewer overows occur, there is a major public health and safety concern for those who arcontact with these waters.

Kayakers in the Black Rock Canal, at Broderick Park.

e Niagara River aer a typical one inch rain event. ere is aery clear distinction of fresh blue water and the brown overow

rom combined stormwater and sewer outfall pipes

Local communities sh along the Niagara River, some for ahobby, and some for sustenance, catching sh to feed theirfamilies.


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Combined Sewer Systems:Bualo, New York

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Combined Sewer Overow Locations and Sewersheds(Niagara River)

is sewershed map of the Niagara River District shows the coverage of each combined sewer systcolored regions). ese areas have high impermeable rates and the overow pipes are being overwhelm

by the stormwater owing into the system. Notice the overow locations (numbered triangles) thatocated on the Niagara River and Scajaquada Creek.

Source: Bualo Niagara Riverkeeper


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Combined Sewer System:Bualo, New York

SewerShed Name

Road SurfaceArea (SF)

RoadSurfaceArea

(Acres)

TotalParcelAreaAcres

ImpermeableParcel

Coverage

TotalImpermeable

CoverageWith Roads

Gallons ofRunoff

(1 inch event)

Albany

Street 6,512,596.06 149.51 707.89 64% 70% 16,296,360

SouthCentral 75,967,450.78 1,743.97 11,355.33 53% 60% 213,980,021

Hertel 25,577,726.68 587.18 3,751.26 55% 60% 70,681,738

Scajaquada 100,344,253.17 2,303.59 14,451.56 53% 60% 273,704,431

Ontario 4,774,507.37 109.61 445.68 54% 63% 9,452,565

Parish 1,927,174.30 44.24 352.50 53% 60% 6,414,414

Totals 215,103,708.36 4,938.10 31,064.21 590,529,530

150 MGD Sanitary

Sewage Average

(Dry Flow)

590.5 MGD

Wet Weather

(1 inch Event)

740.5 MGDDuring Wet Weather

(1 inch Event)

+

e Bualo Sewer Authority does a great job of managing raw sewage, especially on dry weather dae system is actually oversized for the amount of treatment that is required. During large wet weatevents increased stormwater negatively impacts the existing system. A one-inch rain event (90%Bualos rain storms) generates over 590 million gallons of stormwater. is type of storm causes

ewage to overow into our local waterways, polluting where people sh, swim and recreate.


Source: Bualo Niagara Riverke


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What is the Solution?


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What is the Traditional Solution?Grey Infrastructure

e traditional solution is separation of the existing combined system by adding a separate systempipes to carry stormwater and leaving the adequately sized sewer pipeline. is is oen called a gnfrastructure approach. Massive pipes and tanks are installed to either carry or hold large volumetormwater. is method is very expensive and oen is a high-impact process. It usually requires lar

construction staging areas and it can be very disruptive, for long periods of time, as most of the pipesnstalled in roadways. In addition, the end result oers very little aesthetic or beautication value, as

esulting nished system is buried underground.

Source: heneghanassoc.com

ource: jlrichards.ca

Source: erdmananthony.com


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What is the Sustainable Solution?Green Infrastructure

Green stormwater infrastructure includes a range of soil-water-plant systems that intercept stormwanltrate a portion of it into the ground, evaporate a portion of it into the air, and in some cases, st

water so that a puried portion can be released slowly back into the sewer system or ground water ta

Source: City of Portland


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Green Infrastructure:Case Studies

Philadelphia, PAPortland, OR

Seattle, WA

University of New Hampshire, NH

New York State

e Evironmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLhave put together many case studies that deal with sustainable design and green infrastructure. Someisted above, and also discussed further in following examples. ese progressive communities are usnnovative measures and sustainable design to improve their local environments.



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Green Infrastructure:Case Studies (Philadelphia, PA)

Green Streets

Green SchoolsGreen Public Facilities

Green Parking LotsGreen Public Open Space

Green Industry, Business, Commerce and InstitutionsGreen Alleys, Driveways and Walkways

Green Homes

Philadelphia is a progressive city that understands the importance of their watersheds and stormwatmpact on the adjacent Delaware River. e city uses the river for drinking water as well as recreatio

activities. ey have put together a comprehensive plan to greatly reduce and or eliminate combiewer overow events. Some programs the city is working on are listed above. Philadelphia has b

moving in a sustainable direction and is setting a precedent for other older cities that started wcombined sewer systems. Philadelphia has started to manage stormwater through best managem

practices (BMPs) such as Green Infrastructure.

Source: phillywatersheds.org


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Green Infrastructure:Case Studies (Portland, OR)

Portland, Oregon is also using green infrastructure for stormwater management as an alternativeconventional grey infrastructure. e city is reducing the amount of stormwater that enters into thcombined system by disconnecting roof drains and requiring new developments to include grnfrastructure installations. e above photos are examples of innovative designs that allow stormwao ow into designated spaces, rather than directly into the combined system. ese vegetated areas

only help reduce the amount of overow events each year, but they also provide a beautiful aesth

component that can raise property value.



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Green Infrastructure:Case Studies (Seattle, WA)

Seattle is another city that has a combined sewer system in a climate that generates a signicant amoof stormwater each year. ey also have taken a sustainable approach and have redesigned their streo capture stormwater prior to its entering the sewer system, keeping the systems from becom

overwhelmed. e examples above reect a green infrastructure treatment called bioretention cut-oey are located between the sidewalk and the curb line of the roadway (in the snow storage arContrary to conventional design, these are recessed areas without curbs or with inlets cut out of curb, that allow roadway runo to enter the treatment area. ese stormwater collection areas algroundwater to re-charge into the local water table while also providing an aesthetic barrier betw

vehicles and pedestrians.

Source: City of Seattle


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Green Infrastructure:Case Studies (New Hampshire)

e University of New Hampshire has been investigating the use of porous pavement applicationscold weather climates. ey have been researching and testing these new materials during snow evee test results show that this product reduces slick and slippery surfaces, allows slush and small sn

events to melt and drain downward and works well in cold weather climates.

ource: UNH Stormwater Center Source: UNH Stormwater Center

Source: zingersnead.com


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Green Infrastructure:Case Studies (New York State)

New York, New York

Syracuse, New York

Rochester, New York

New York State has been moving in a sustainable direction and now it is time to bring these standao Bualo. New York City has developed a set of standards called, High Performance Landsc

Guidelines and the City has been incorporating green infrastructure into their design process. Syracand Onondaga County have been very active, working with communities and schools to educate apromote sustainable lifestyles. e City of Rochester has also incorporated green infrastructure iheir urban fabric to reduce the amount of stormwater overowing from their existing combined se

ystem.

Source: designtrust.org Source: cityofrochester.gov

Source: savetherain.us


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Green Infrastructure:Bualo, New York

SUBMITTED TO

The Residents of WNY and The Bualo Sewer Authority

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation

United States Environmental Protection Agency

BY BUFFALO NIAGARA RIVERKEEPER

WITH FUNDING PROVIDED BY

The Community Foundation of Greater Bualo

and the John R. Oishei Foundation

GreenInfrastructureSolutions

TO BUFFALOS

SEWER OVERFLOW

CHALLENGE

Draft Feasibility Study

March 31, 2011

e Bualo Sewer Authority (BSA) is in a position where they can adopt and install green infrastructpractices to manage their stormwater issues. Working with the EPA, the DEC and Bualo NiagRiverkeeper, the BSA has agreed to install a pilot project that will test a series of dierent grnfrastructure treatments and compare one to another. Bualo Niagara Riverkeeper has developeeport to explain the existing problems that are caused by combined sewer overows in Bualo,

which also provides recommendations for green infrastructure solutions to eliminate combined sew

overow events. URS Corp. is the engineering rm working on this pilot project.



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Green Infrastructure:CSO No. 60 Pilot Project

Street Name: Parkdale Avenue

Treatment Type: Rain Garden Inlets

Street Name: Windsor Avenue

Treatment Type: Rain Garden Inlets & Bioretention Bump Out

Street Name: Clarendon Place

Treatment Type: Porous Asphalt

Street Name: Claremont Avenue

Treatment Type: Porous Asphalt

ParkdaleAve

ElmwoodAve

ClaremontAve

GrangerPl

ClarendonPl

WindsorAve

Delaware Park

Hoyt Lake

Forest Lawn Cemetery

Scajaquada Creek

Squaw Island

NiagaraRiver

H.H. RichardsonComplex

Bualo StateCollege

Rain garden Inlet

Bioretention Bump Out

CSO NO.060SEWERSHED

Street Name: Elmwood Avenue

Treatment Type: Commercial Retrofit / Bioretention Planters

Street Name: Granger Place

Treatment Type: Stormwater Treatment Structure

e BSA CSO No. 60 (Green Streets) Pilot Project consists of these streets located in the Scajaquewershed: Clarendon Avenue, Claremont Avenue, Elmwood Avenue, Parkdale Avenue, Windsor Ave

and Granger Place. is project will incorporate various types of sustainable stormwater treatmeese designs will be monitored by the BSA to measure the amount of stormwater that is being redu

by the proposed green infrastructure systems and to test quality of the water as well.


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Clarendon Avenue and Claremont AvenueGreen Treatment: Porous Asphalt

Green Infrastructure: Porous Pavement Axonometric

Stormwater To Allow GroundWater Recharge

Existing Lawn

Emergency OverflPipe

New Curb

Porous Asphalt

Clean and

Washed No. 2Stone

Porous Asphalt

EmergencyOverflow Pipe

Existing Roadway

Existing LawnNew Curb

Stormwater To Allow GroundWater Recharge

NewUnderdrain

Green Infrastructure: Porous Pavement Section

Clean andWashed No. 2

Stone

On Clarendon Avenue and Claremont Avenue, porous asphalt will be installed on two dierent streetest the eectiveness in dierent soils. (One streets soils are more permeable than the other). e por

asphalt will be installed in a 4-foot long strip located adjacent to the roadway curbing. e water heet from the center of the road towards the curb, where it will inltrate into the permeable pavem

helping to reduce the amount of stormwater owing into existing drain inlets, while at the same ti

allowing for groundwater recharge.

ource: Bualo Niagara Riverkeeper


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RainWater RainW

ater

Photo Overlay of Green Infrastructure: Commercial Retrofit

ExistingStorefront

New Sidewalk

New GreenInfrastructure

BioretentionPlanter

Concrete CurbFoudation

New Sidewalk

Rain Runnel

Rain Runnel

Existing Asphalt

Road

Drain Inlet to GreenInfrastructure System

Drain Inlet to GreenInfrastructure System

New PaversPlan View

NTS

Concrete CurbFou at on

New Curbing

New Pavers

Rain Water to Planter



Commercial Green Infrastructure Retrot for Elmwood Ave (Plan View)

Elmwood Avenue will receive a green infrastructure commercial-retrot design. is system ntroduce curb inlets to allow stormwater to drain into bioretention planters. is treatment o

a positive educational experience to the public, as they will be able to witness the hydrology of tormwater as it ows into the designed spaces. Bioretention planters will be planted with colorful, ha

perennials that are salt and drought tolerant.



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New Concrete

Sidewalk

Stormwater Percolates

through the Media and

Allows Ground WaterRecharge

Emergency

Overflow Pipe to

Drain into SewerSystem

StormwaterFlows into

Rain Garden

Cut Out

Perennial Plantings

to Beautify the

Streetscape

Existing

Engineered Soil Media

Green Infrastructure Rain Garden

Cut Out Section

Day Lilly(Hemerocallis SP.)

Sun Sage(Carex Pensylvanica)

Purple Dome Aster(Asater Novae-Angliae Purple Dome)

Blue Flag Iris(Iris Versicolor)

Moonshine Yellow(Achillea Moonshine)

Prarie Coreopsis(Coreopsis Palmata)

Southern Blue Flag Iris(Iris Viginica)

Purple Cone Flower(Echinacea Purpurea)

Indian Blanket Flower(Gaillardia X Grandfolia)

Scaly Blazing Star(Liatris Squarrosa)

Parkdale AvenueGreen Treatment: Cut Out Rain Gardens

Parkdale Avenue will be retrotted with Green Infrastructure cut-outs which are designed to accept show from the road surface as well as the sidewalk runo. e stormwater will ow into the designaain gardens and plant material will absorb pollutants and toxins as the water inltrates downward

echarge the local groundwater table.

ource: Bualo Niagara Riverkeeper

ource: City of Seattle


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Specic vegetation can be used to help clean stormwater. is graphic shows locations within planted space where several toxins are absorbed, captured and removed from stormwater. is systwill contribute to reducing the amount of stormwater entering the existing sewer system as wel

contributing water quality improvements.

Green Infrastructure Bio-Remediation

Stormwater Percolates throughthe Media and Allows Ground

Water Recharge

Stormwater

Total Phosphorus

Thermal Pollution

Nitrogen

Pathogens

Total Suspended Solids

Metals

Oils and Grease


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Granger PlaceTreatment: Stormceptor Structure

Granger Place will receive a Stormceptor structure. It is important to understand that this particutructure is not a green infrastructure treatment. However, it is part of this pilot project.is syst

will be tested along with other green treatments. is device will remove stormwater pollutants suas oil and sediment collected from road surfaces. is treatment will be the most obtrusive to lo

esidents compared to others in this pilot project and will have no eect on stormwater reduction.

Source: gadha.org

Source: www.imbriumsystems.com

Vehicular oil spillage found on roadway surfacesuch as this one will eventually ow into theewer system.

Stormceptor:is engineered system will capture oils and sedimand allow cleaner stormwater to pass through and e

the existing combined sewer system.


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Flow monitoring thereduction of stormwater

As mentioned before, this pilot project will incorporate scientic data collection and testing to quanhe various sustainable treatments. Water quality testing will determine which system best remooxins, road surface sediments and engine oils from stormwater. Flow monitors will also be utilized

measure the amount of stormwater that has been reduced from the green infrastructure designs.data will be compared to test data of the existing systems located within the same sewershed. A ma

will be developed to convey the testing results.

ource: watertestingblog.com

Source: awcompany.c


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Bualo Niagara RIVERKEEPER:Active Role In Our Community

SUBMITTED TO

The Residents of WNY and The Bualo Sewer Authority

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation

United States Environmental Protection Agency

BY BUFFALO NIAGARA RIVERKEEPER

WITH FUNDING PROVIDED BY

The Community Foundation of Greater Bualo

and the John R. Oishei Foundation

GreenInfrastructure

SolutionsTO BUFFALOS

SEWER OVERFLOW

CHALLENGE

Draft Feasibility Study

March 31, 2011

Rain barrels for rain water harvesting

Working with volunteers for habitat restoration

River Academy: A collaboration between ECC andBualo Niagara Riverkeeper to teach members of thelocal communities about stream science, watershedrestoration and riparian restoration.

Bualo Sewers Report:

Green Infrastructure Solutions


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Questions?

If you have any questions, you may contact:

Mark BogdanG I f t t Pl

Buffalo Niagara RIVERKEEPER Bogdan Green Infrastructure

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