Buddhism…A 2500 year old tradition that began in India and spread throughout the Far EastA way of living or seeing the world followed by more than 300 million peopleConsidered a religion by many, but Buddhists do not worship God per seBased on the teachings of the Buddha

The “Three Jewels” of Buddhism –The three most important things

Buddha – the teacher

Dharma – the teachings

Sangha – the community

Who was the Buddha?Born Siddhartha Gautama – of prince or high caste in India, 563 B.C.E.Raised in luxury to be a kingHe had empathy for the suffering of others; at age 29 rejected his life of luxury to seek a solution to sufferingFollowed a strict lifestyle for six yearsAfter that time when he still had not found a solution to suffering, he rejected this life, sat in meditation, achieved Nirvana – an awakening to the truth about life, becoming a Buddha, the “Awakened One” at the age of 35Spent the remaining 45 years of his life teaching others how to achieve the peace of mind he had achieved

What did the Buddha teach?The Four Noble Truths:

Life is full of sufferingW e suffer because of our selfishness desire for things and we get too attached to othersThe solution is to eliminate desire and attachment, thus achieving NirvanaThe way to Nirvana is through the “Eight-Fold Path”

What is the Eight-Fold Path?

Wisdom:• Right

understanding

• Right motivation

Moral discipline:• Right speech

• Right action

• Right livelihood

Mental discipline:• Right effort

• Right mindfulness

• Right meditation

How does Buddhism differ from Hinduism?Buddhism developed as a

reaction to Hinduism. Buddhism rejected…Authority of the ancient Vedic textsThe caste systemThe Hindu godsThe idea that worship is usefulThe concept of Brahman (the idea of a divine being)

What do Buddhists believe?Rebirth (reincarnation) results from attachments and the negative things we have done (karma). We will be reborn to suffer the consequences of those deeds and learn from them.Nirvana is a peaceful, detached state of mindAchieving Nirvana means escape from the cycle of rebirth (samsara)

They believe that once Gautama Buddha died, after 80 years of life in this world, having achieved Nirvana and teaching multitudes his way of life, he ceased to exist as a distinct beingBuddhism is non-theistic: Buddha is not the Buddhist God – he is just a revered teacher

Buddhist MetaphysicsDukkha: life in this world is filled with sufferingAnicca: everything in this world is impermanentAnatta:the self/soul is also impermanent – there is no eternal, unchanging self (“no soul” – no atman)Suffering is a state of mind – achieve a balanced, peaceful, detached state of mind and suffering can be extinguished (Nirvana)

What are some Buddhist texts?Tripitaka (the Pali Cannon) – the “Three Baskets”:

Vinaya (“discipline”) – rules for monastic lifeSutta (“discourse”) – sermons of the BuddhaAbhidhamma (metaphysical “teachings”)

Dhammapada – collected sayings of the BuddhaOther texts used by specific schools

The Spread of Buddhism

Within two centuries after the Buddha died, Buddhism began to spread north and east into AsiaBy 13th century Buddhism had disappeared from India

Web Resources:Buddhanet.net: Buddhist information and education network. Includes

online resource for Buddhist Studies and other Buddhism resources: http://www.buddhanet.net/

Dharma the Cat: a multi award winning, lighthearted but informed look at Buddhism. Includes original comic strip expressing Buddhist teachings, an interfaith forum discussing Buddhist ideas from the perspective of other religions, and many other contributions from a wide variety of folks: http://www.dharmathecat.com/

Learn more about Tibetan Buddhism at Osel Shen Phen Ling Tibetan Buddhist Center: http://www.fpmt-osel.org/

Created by Laura Ellen Shulman