BUCManu

--- Manual program BUC ver.2004.2 2004.11.19 --- 1

the

BUC

Hand book Build Up Calculation program Copyright (c) Scania CV AB, Sweden, 2002-2004 All rights reserved.

Mika Katajisto RTPI Version 2004.2


Contents The BUC program.............................................................................................................4

Hardware requirements....................................................................................................5 Computer .....................................................................................................................5 Printer ..........................................................................................................................5

Software requirements .....................................................................................................5 Installation .......................................................................................................................5

Included programs. ......................................................................................................5 Start of program...............................................................................................................6 General information.........................................................................................................6

Help .............................................................................................................................6 Mouse clicks on the Main screen ................................................................................6

Main screen ........................................................................................................................7 Menu................................................................................................................................9 Optimising and maximising.............................................................................................12

Axle distance ...............................................................................................................13 Centre of gravity of load..............................................................................................13

Height..................................................................................................................................14 Top view..............................................................................................................................14 Deloading curve .................................................................................................................15 Setup screen........................................................................................................................17 Printout screen...................................................................................................................19 File handling.......................................................................................................................20

Load file...........................................................................................................................20 Save file ...........................................................................................................................21

Chassis screen ....................................................................................................................22 Chassis type .....................................................................................................................22 Axles truck/tractor ...........................................................................................................25 Axle weights truck/tractor ...............................................................................................25 Extra weight screen .........................................................................................................26

Bodywork truck/tractor ....................................................................................................27 Bodywork types ...............................................................................................................28

Equipment screen. .............................................................................................................30 Trailer screen .....................................................................................................................32

Drawbar trailer.................................................................................................................33 Centre axle/bogie trailer ..................................................................................................34 Semitrailer .......................................................................................................................35 Trailers general (trailer screen)........................................................................................36

Fridge unit....................................................................................................................36 Payload volume ...........................................................................................................37 Timber bodywork. .......................................................................................................37 Gap between vehicle units. ..........................................................................................38 Trailer coupling, D and V -values. ..............................................................................38 Semitrailer angles. .......................................................................................................38

Bodywork adaptation (BWA) screen...............................................................................39 Brackets ...........................................................................................................................39 Drawbeam........................................................................................................................40 Underrun protection.........................................................................................................41

Rollover stability................................................................................................................42 Front Underrun Protection (FUP) ...................................................................................45


Turning radius screen .......................................................................................................47 Options screen .................................................................................................................48

Help screen .........................................................................................................................50 Notepad...............................................................................................................................51 LANGFIX program...........................................................................................................52 HELPDO program ............................................................................................................53


The BUC program

BUC (Build Up Calculation Program) is a computer program for calculations of weight distribution and turning radius for truck/tractors and trailer combinations. The program can be used: • to calculate the axle loads on a vehicle or vehicle combination. • to calculate the maximum payload to put on a certain vehicle or vehicle

combination not exceeding technical or legal limitations. • to calculate the optimum position of a bodywork on a certain chassis. • to calculate the optimum axle distance for a chassis to match a certain

bodywork. • to calculate the optimum length of a bodywork when axle distance and position

of the bodywork is given. • to calculate turning radius and swept area for a vehicle or vehicle combination. The BUC program includes a database containing information about the different chassis types in the Scania product mix. It is very important to see the program as a calculation tool and as an aid that will supplement one’s knowledge and experience.


Hardware requirements To run the BUC-program you will need:

Computer IBM-compatible PC Graphic standard: VGA, preferable colour, High colour (16 bit) or more. Memory demand: the normal demand to run Windows 95, Win 98 or WinNT. A mouse or a similar device is needed to handle the program.

Printer The program will work on a wide range of printers. Since the BUC -program is a Windows application the support of different printers depends on how well different printers are supported by Windows.

Software requirements The program is a 32 bit Windows application and needs Win95, Win98 or WinNT to be run.

Installation Program BUC can be downloaded from SCANIA Inline or Outline. The downloaded files should be saved in the same directory in your computer. The files can also be copied to diskettes that can be used as installation diskettes. In both cases you should close all other applications before installation. Run the 1.st file (the .exe file) to make the installation. If you are installing from diskettes you will be told when to insert the next diskette. In some cases the computer has to be restarted to complete the installation. The installation routine will create links to BUC in the START-menu and also put a shortcut to the BUC-program on the computer 'desktop'. For additional information look at the download pages and the information displayed during the installation. The BUC-program can be customised to suit your needs. Default values can be selected from within the program and saved.

Included programs. The following programs are included: BUC.EXE The BUC -program BUCBASE.EXE Chassis data base manager LANGFIX.EXE Program text files manager HELPDO.EXE Help text file editor BUCMANU.DOC Program manual UPDATE.DOC Updates to the Manual


Start of program To start the program just double-click the BUC –icon on the desktop or in the Start menu. By adding a command to the file name some special functionality can be obtained. Examples of different commands: • C:\MySettings\MyBuc.ini Path to personal settings saved in MyBuc.ini • C:\BucWin\Sample.buc Read saved calculation Sample.buc from C:\BucWin • C:\BucWin\SpecFile.ini Read specification file from Cast/Cesow/Force • Ny Start a new instance of BUC Following command line, C:\BucWin\Buc.exe C:\MySettings\MyBuc.ini C:\BucWin\SpecFile.ini, will run BUC located in C:\BucWin • with personal settings in MyBuc.ini from C:\MySettings\ • and read specification file SpecFile.ini from C:\BucWin

General information Program date and version number can be read in the very top of the Main screen, which is the screen that will be displayed after program start.

Help When you need help or an explanation about something on the screen just point at it with the mouse pointer and click the right mouse button. In most cases a help text will pop up on the screen. In some cases (on edit fields) the help-information is obtained by pressing the F1 key. To get rid of the help text again just point and click on it.

Mouse clicks on the Main screen On a blue value (without a frame): • Left button will make the value active and possible to edit. • Double click on left button will pop up a small window with optimised value. Left click

on the optimised value will copy it to the active value. The small window will disappear when the optimised value is copied or when one of the mouse buttons is clicked on an empty screen area.

On a value with a frame border: • Left button on an axle group weight figure will show the weight distribution within the

axle group loaded and unloaded. • Left button on the total weight truck and total weight trailer will show the axle group

weights loaded and unloaded. On an empty space on the Main screen: • Right button will display a popup menu, from where shortcuts to different menu-

options can be selected.


Main screen After start-up this screen (the Main screen) will be displayed:


In the very top of the Main screen there is a line indicating program version. Below this line there is a menu and a toolbox: By clicking the left mouse button when pointing on a toolbox button different actions will take place: 1. Restart with a clean chassis. 11. A Setup screen will be shown. Shortcut key: Ctrl+N 12. News info screen is displayed. 2. The printout window will pop up. 13. A help screen is shown. Shortcut key: Ctrl+P 14. The BUC info screen will pop up. 3. The file load screen will be displayed. 15. Opens the BUC manual. Shortcut key: Ctrl+O 16. A notepad is displayed. 4. The file save screen will be displayed. 17. Capture button. When pressed a Shortcut key: Ctrl+S capture area can be marked with 5. The chassis screen will be displayed. the mouse using the left mouse Shortcut key: F5 button when dragging. 6. A screen for bodywork truck/tractor The captured area can be will be displayed. transferred to the Windows Shortcut key: F6 clipboard from which it can 7. A screen from which selection of equipment be inserted in a variety of other will be displayed. programs (Word, Paint etc.). Shortcut key: F7 18. Group of check boxes. 8. A screen for defining trailer and bodywork Clean - When checked the on 1st trailer is shown. graphical screen is cleaned from Shortcut key: F8 most of the measurement lines 9. A screen for defining trailer and bodywork on and figures. 2nd trailer is shown. Button is enabled if a 1st Height - When checked it is trailer is selected and equipped with a trailer possible to measure the height Shortcut key: F9 from the top of frame to ground. 10. Turning radius calculation will be Shortcut key: F2 displayed. Shortcut key: Ctrl+T


Menu File - New: Restart with a clean chassis. - Read file: Load a saved BUC calculation. - Save file: Saves the current BUC calculation. - Print: The printout window will pop up. - Notepad: A notepad is displayed. - Setup: A Setup screen will be shown. - Read Spec. file: Reads data from file that has been saved by a specification program. - Exit: Closes the BUC application. View - Toolbox: Check this option to make the toolbox visible. - Top view: Shows a top view of the vehicle. - Height: Check this option to measure the height from top of frame to ground and to view the height from top of cab roof to ground. - Clean: Check this option to clean the most of the measurement lines and figures. - Capture: Captures a graphical section of the BUC window and saves it in the clipboard. - Zoom: Use this to enlarge/reduce the truck/tractor in BUC window. - Centre picture: Use this to centre picture of truck/tractor combination in middle of the main screen. Shortcut key: Home - Logotype: Choose whether the logotype is shown as text or as a picture. Right click with the mouse on the logotype in BUC window to load a picture. Options - Chassis: The chassis screen will be displayed. - Bodywork: A screen for bodywork truck/tractor will be displayed. - Equipment: A screen will be displayed from where equipment for the truck/tractor can be selected. - Trailer 1: A screen for defining trailer and bodywork on 1st trailer is shown. - Trailer 2: A screen for defining trailer and bodywork on 2nd trailer is shown. - Turning radius: Turning radius calculation will be displayed. - Rollover stability: Calculates rollover stability according to ECE regulation No 111. - FUP: Calculates the appropriate Front Underrun Protection (FUP)

to fulfil the directives based on several variables (only in English). - Deloading curve: Displays a screen that shows how the front axle load changes when deloading the body from the rear. - Bodywork adapt.: A screen will be displayed from where different type of bodywork adaptation can be specify. - Colour: Set the colour of cab and bodywork. Help - About BUC: The BUC info screen will pop up. - News: News info screen is displayed. - BUC Help: A help screen is shown.


In the upper part of the Main screen you also find this: 1. A text field that can be edited and moved to any place of the screen. This text can also

be resized and modified to shape and colour. Point and drag to move. Point and double click to edit and modify.

or

A picture to use as logotype. Point and click with right mouse button to see popup menu, from where you can load picture, remove picture, and resize picture. Point and drag to move. Point and double click to resize.

2. The most recent loaded chassis type. In the bottom part of the main screen this can be found: 1. Recalculation button. If this button is red it is located in the centre of the screen and has

to be clicked (or by pressing the enter-key) before any evaluation of results. 2. Weight on steered axles as % of total weight of truck/tractor.

SF means steered truck/tractor front axles and ST means all steered truck/tractors axles.

3. If the vehicle combination includes one or two trailers the total combination weight is displayed in this frame.

4. The margin to the maximum allowed total combination weight. 5. The smallest value of Maximum allowed total combination weight and the sum of

max axle group weights. If this value is modified the max weight combination is changed.

6. The slip limit on dry asphalt and on a normal gravel road is displayed. The values are calculated taking total weight, drive axle weight and friction into account. Engine power and ratios are not taken into account.


A click with the left mouse button on an axle group weight (1, 3, 4 or 6) will show the weight distribution within the axle group unloaded and loaded. If item 3 is clicked the following will be shown: A click with the left mouse button on the weight figure of truck/tractor (2) or trailer (5) will show the weight distribution between the axle groups unloaded and loaded and the weight of the total vehicle combination unloaded and loaded:


Optimising and maximising In the Main screen some of the measurements are in a blue colour. By pointing and double clicking on those items a small help window will appear. By clicking the value in the help window this value will be accepted and transferred to the item that was double clicked before. At the same time the help window will disappear. By clicking anywhere on the Main screen the help window will disappear without transferring the optimised/maximised value. If for example the load figure is double clicked the maximum allowed load figure not to overload the front or rear axle group is shown in the help window. 1. Load figure. 2. Help window. 3. Maximum load not to overload front or rear or total for the vehicle. Sometimes there are two values shown in the small help window. The reason for this is that the maximum allowed weight front and rear does not sum up to the maximum total. Double-clicking the bodywork position figure can give the result below. This means that positioning the bodywork at 132 mm will make it possible to reach maximum load rear and total at the same time. Use 106 mm to load up front and total. Select by pointing and clicking (or just type in the value you want to use) and then recalculate. 1. Position of bodywork. 2. Help window. 3. Forward limit of bodywork position (front axle group will overload first). 4. Rearward limit of bodywork position (rear axle group will overload first).


Axle distance When the double clicked item is the axle distance for the truck/tractor the help windows can look as below. The calculated ideal value is displayed as well as the closest selectable axle distances in the chassis database. Selecting by clicking will retrieve the axle distance dependable information from the chassis database. 1. Calculated ideal axle distance value. 2. From chassis database selectable axle distance. 3. Actual axle distance.

Centre of gravity of load If, when the load centre of gravity item is clicked, the help window looks as below this means that the ideal position is at 3480 and that the value might be between 3477 and 3500 without overloading front or rear with the actual load. If you want to use one of these values just click it or type the value you want to use. 1. Double-clicked item (load centre of gravity). 2. Ideal position 3. Leftmost and rightmost position for the actual load not to overload front or rear.


Height To show the calculated heights select Height from the View menu. Axle load, tyre options, spring type etc. will affect the calculated height. Tyre options is found in Chassis screen, look in tab 1. Height from ground to top of fifth wheel. Set the fifth wheel

height in the Equipment screen or select fifth wheel in the Body work screen. 2. Height from the ground to the top of cab roof.

P-series: On cab type CP14 with trailer connection behind cab add 15 mm to the cab measure.

3. Height from the ground to top of frame. Use the mouse to move the arrows along the frame.

Top view To show a top view of the vehicle select Top view from the View menu. For a semitrailer the program calculates the distance from the axis of the 5th wheel to the foremost point at the front of the semitrailer.


Deloading curve Deloading curve for the truck. This menu option is only accessible when a box, platform, tipper or dumper has been selected and the load position is in the centre of the body or in front of the middle of the body (see Remarks further down). 1. Load axis, in kilogram, for the front axle group. 2. Max technical weight for the front axle group. 3. Deloading curve - front axle group. 4. Deloading curve - rear axle group. 5. Percent of fully laden body. 6. Maximum front axle load when deloading. 7. Illustrates how the body is deloaded from the rear. 8. Load axis, in kilogram, for the rear axle group. The diagram shows how the front axle load changes when deloading a body from the rear. In this example the front axle reaches maximum axle load when the body is 60% loaded. Values for the front axle load is shown when moving the mouse pointer along the deloading curve for the front axle.


Remarks:

When the centre of gravity of the load is placed in front of the middle of the body, then Deloading curve calculates that the body is loaded from front end to double the load position. Red area considers as empty.


Setup screen 1. Select if you want the Scania logo to be 6. Maximum legal weights for axles printed or not. and axle groups for trucks and tractors with different axle 2. Check to enable possibility to read configurations.

ordercodes from spec. program. 7. Maximum legal weights for

3. Area to enter the directory where the different types of axle groups on SpecFile.ini file is saved. a trailer. If a SpecFile.ini file has been read the selections of chassis type on the chassis 8. Maximum legal total screen has been locked. This lock can be combination weight. opened by clicking the button. 9. Click this button to save 4. Select language by clicking on the modifications that you have done. button and then click on the language list that will fall down. 10. Click this button to get back to the Main screen. 5. Driver weight in kg.


In the setup it is also possible to create personal settings. This is useful when the program is installed on a server. 1. Path to calculation files (.buc). 2. Path to where personal settings will be saved. 3. Click to saves the settings. 4. Creates a shortcut to the BUC program, including arguments that will instruct the

BUC program from where to read personal settings.


Printout screen When the print button is clicked this Windows-screen will pop up. 1. Click button to start printing. 3. Click button to get back to Main 2. Select landscape orientation. screen without printing. When the OK -button is clicked this Print options screen will pop up on which you can enter information that will be printed on all pages and from which you can define which pages to print. 1. Information edit field. 5. Print trailer(s) information. 2. Print picture of truck/tractor 6. Print Deloading curve. combination with weight and 7. Print bodywork adaptation information. dimension information. 8. All text in the printout will be bold. 3. Print weight table for the complete 9. Start printing. combination. 10. Cancel printout. 4. Print truck/tractor information.


File handling

Load file

1. Select location of the file to read. 4. Click button to get back to the 2. Click button to delete selected file. Main screen. 3. Information about the selected file. 5. Click button to read selected file.


Save file 1. Select where to save the file. 6. Before saving the calculation it 2. Click button to delete selected file. is possible to enter some 3. Complete file name including information about the calculation. directory/subdirectory. This information will also be 4. Click button to get back to the included if you make a printout. Main screen. For this reason it is advisable 5. Click to save file. to save the calculation before making a printout. This is also recommended of safety reasons if something is failing during the printout. 7. Click on today's date to transfer it to the edit field to the left.


Chassis screen The chassis screen is divided into two parts. In the upper part you can select chassis type and for that type select different options as axle distance, max weight technical, cab type, front overhang, air deflector equipment, vertical exhaust and high air intake. Based on the selections made the program will suggest a chassis weight to use in the calculations. In tab two you can define loads as well as redefine axle configuration.

Chassis type When selecting chassis type the type name is divided into 3 parts. 1. First you select the basic chassis type name (DB6X2H).

The list of chassis types is organised with the tractors first and they are sorted on configuration starting with tractors 4X2.

2. Select combination cab/engine. 3. Select combination frame height/spring type (NA). Based on the above selections and the other selections made in the top part of the screen the program gives a proposal of chassis weight front and rear. When configuration is selected the program selects the relevant maximum legal weights front and rear from the table shown on the setup screen.


1. Click to select chassis types from 11. Rear overhang chassis frame selection. the new truck range. 4-series: 2. Basic chassis type selection list. Distance between last rear axle and rear 3. Chassis height and spring type edge of frame (J). combinations. Sometimes only one overhang is available. 4. Cab (P,R,T) and engine output P-, R- and T-series: combination. Distance between first driven rear axle and 5. Cab type (CR14, CR19…). rear edge of frame (JA). 6. Air deflector kit selection. 1st value in the list is the standard rear 7. Selection of max weight technical overhang, 2nd value is min JA and 3rd front2). value is max JA. 8. Selection of max weight technical The additional frame weight is calculated rear2). when the overhang is changed. 9. Axle distance selection list. 12. Distance to cab rear end is the distance 10. Front overhang/bumper selection list. from the centre of first front axle to the Sometimes different front overhangs rear wall of the cab. are selectable depending on if there is 13. Driver weight can be defined and an option in bumper (steel/plastic). included in the chassis weight. Protruding bumper is only valid for 14. Fuel tank1) selection. P-, R- and T-series. 15. High air intake selection. 16. Vertical exhaust pipe selection. 1) The fuel tank weight includes full tank of fuel. 2) Change of max weight technical will also change

the tyres to default tyres for that option.


1. Chassis weight proposal based on 3. Press button to save Chassis correction made selections. file.

2. Chassis weight correction depending on differences in specifications. Based on the selections made above the program will make a proposal of chassis weight front and rear. The chassis weight is calculated from a specification according to that you find in Data Scania with additional weights for the different options selected. A chassis weight correction front and rear, to cover differences between specifications, is possible to enter for the basic chassis type (CB6X4). The correction weights are possible to save in a file. Note that the chassis weights given by the program are only approximate because of the great number of options you can select when ordering a chassis that is not covered by the BUC -program.


Axles truck/tractor 1. Number of front axles (max 3). 2. Axle number in front group. 3. Type of axle (S=steered). 4. Axle position in front group. 0 indicates first front axle. 5. Max technical axle weight. 6. Tyre dimension and quantity front. 7. Number of rear axles (max 3). 8. Axle number in rear group. 9. Type of axle (D=driven). 10. Axle position in rear group. 0 indicates first driven rear axle. 11. Max technical axle weight. 12. Tyre dimension and quantity rear. N.B. Each max weight technical option has default tyres specified, and when changing the max weight technical the tyres will be set to default tyres.

Axle weights truck/tractor 1,2,3. Chassis weight front, rear and total 13,14,15. Max weight front, rear and 4,5,6. Extra weight front, rear and total. total (smallest of legal and 7,8,9. Max weight legal front, rear and technical). total (see axle configuration and 16. Click button to display the table on Setup screen). extra weight screen. 10,11,12. Max weight technical front, rear 17. Click button to get back to the and total (see selection made Main screen. higher up on this screen). The proposed chassis weights based on your selections are shown in the fields 1 and 2 in the above picture. If you have other (better) chassis weight values available, obtained from a real weighing or from a weight calculation program, you can enter the figures in those edit fields.


Extra weight screen Depending on other options (fuel tanks, extra air tanks etc.) you might have to go in on the extra weight screen and define some extra weights. For weight variations see Data Scania. On this screen you can enter extra weights for different optional equipment. 1. The sum of extra weights front and rear from all four tabs. 2. In this area there are edit fields for entering additional weights for different categories

of optional equipment. Values to enter can be found in or calculated from information given in "Weight Variations" in Weight binder of Data Scania. The values are added to Total (1) front and rear.

3. There are four tabs for entering extra weights: Chassis, Power train, Cab and Bodywork adaptation.

4. Click button to go back to chassis screen without changing values. 5. Click this button to get back to the chassis screen using the values at (1) to update

extra weight front and rear on chassis screen. 6. Text edit area. It is possible to add or subtract values in the edit fields by using '+' or '-' key. Confirm the calculation with 'Enter'-key or cancel with 'Escape'-key.


Bodywork truck/tractor On this screen bodywork type can be selected for truck/tractor. Some basic dimensions for the bodywork can be defined as well as some extra weights (size, position and denomination).


Bodywork types Different types of bodywork that can be selected and that are supported by pictures: - Chassis, Tractor

- Platform, tipper and dumper

- Box and tank - Timber

- Garbage collector and mixer A bodywork type is selected by clicking on one of the symbols. The selected symbol will get a frame indicating that it is selected. The name of the bodywork type is displayed in the edit field above the symbols. • If a Timber bodywork is selected there is possible to define the number of bundles

and the length of the different bundles. It is also possible to select a front wall (see page 37).

• When a Tractor has been selected a specific type of fifth wheel can be selected from a

list. The first choice in the list, named 'Fifth wheel', is a general type of fifth wheel (this is the same as selecting fifth wheel from the Equipment window). On three-axle tractors the factory-fitted angle brackets are mounted so that they protrude 40 mm above the chassis frame. These 40 mm are included in the fifth wheel height, which is not the case when choosing fifth wheel from the Equipment window.


In the bottom part of this screen you can add some extra weights and loads. Definition of load and weight: Load is the mass of something that is transported and is added to the payload. Weight is the mass of some sort of equipment and is not added to the payload. 1. Position is measured from the centre 2. Weight in kg. of the first front axle. + is to the rear 3. Name of extra weight. and - to the front. If a bodywork is defined (not chassis or tractor) you have the possibility to enter some basic data about the bodywork as well as define some extra weights and loads that are related to the position of the bodywork. 1. Checkbox for selecting a fridge unit to 7. Height of bodywork. be mounted in front of bodywork (only 8. Width of bodywork. if a box type bodywork is selected). 9. Volume of bodywork. 2 Minimum distance cab-bodywork. 10. Density of load to fill up the volume. 3. Centre of gravity pos. of the bodywork 11. Centre of gravity position of extra measured from its front end. weight (150 mm in front of bodywork). 4. Weight of the bodywork. 12. Name of extra weight. 5. Length of the bodywork. 13. Mass of extra weight. 6. Weight per meter of bodywork (kg/m).


Equipment screen. On this screen you can select different types of equipment. 1. Select by clicking on the symbol that 2. Clicking the button (2) will bring you corresponds to the equipment you back to the Main screen. want to add. Some of the equipment's can not be selected in combinations with others. Remarks: When you have specified a trailer coupling in the BWA screen the drawhook settings in Equipment screen can not be edit. On three-axle tractors the factory-fitted angle brackets are mounted so that they protrude 40 mm above the chassis frame. To be able to calculate correct semitrailer angles these 40 mm has to be added to the fifth wheel height. Click on the button next to a textbox to specify a fifth wheel from Scania.


When equipment is selected you have the possibility to enter some information about the equipment. 1. Weight of the equipment. 4. Position of equipment measured from 2. Length of equipment is the space - rear wall of cab (crane front and needed on the frame to make the winch). equipment fit in. For the hooklift - rear end of bodywork (crane rear Length is the smallest distance from and tail lift). the front end of the hooklift to the - rear end of frame (draw hook) front end of the swapbody. - first driven rear axle (fifth wheel 3. Centre of gravity position of the and hooklift). equipment measured from its front end (on the frame). Equipment is deselected if it is clicked when it is already selected. If a draw hook is clicked when a trailer is connected it will not be deselected. It will instead be positioned in the rearmost possible position on the frame. By pressing F1 when on the weight figure of crane or weight figure of hook lift will display a list with the weight of some typical equipment of this type.


Trailer screen If no trailer is selected the trailer screen will look like this: 1. To create a trailer: select trailer type by clicking on one of the trailer symbols (no trailer, drawbar, centre axle/bogie, semi or lowbed semi). 2. Click button to delete selected trailer from trailer library. 3. Click and select trailer from drop down trailer library list. 4. Click to attach selected trailer. 5. Click button to get back to Main screen when no trailer is selected. If a trailer has been selected the trailer screen looks like this: 2. Tilt angle. The vertical angle between truck/tractor and trailer. Occurs when the truck/tractor stands in uphill position and trailer in downhill position. Will affect the clearance between the truck/tractor and trailer especially when turning. 3. Edit field for trailer bodywork width (mm). 1. Bodywork type is selected by clicking 4. Edit field for trailer bodywork on one of the symbols on the bodywork height (mm). screen. The selected is surrounded by a frame. Types of bodyworks that can be 5. Edit field for trailer chassis width selected are: Flatbed, platform, dumper, in front end (mm). Can affect box, tank and timber. clearance between trailer and truck when turning. The tilt angle is affecting the swing clearance between the different vehicle units in the combination. It is by default set to 6°. The program uses the same tilt angle for the whole vehicle combination.


If a trailer is selected two more screens are shown for description of the trailer. The looking of these screens are depending on selected trailer type.

Drawbar trailer 1. Edit field for drawbar length (mm). 8. Selection of fridge unit (only if 2. Position of trailer bodywork related to bodywork type box is selected). front end of trailer chassis (mm). 9. Selection of fifth wheel on trailer. 3. Trailer chassis front overhang (mm). 10. Selection of draw hook on trailer. 4. Length of trailer bodywork (mm). 11. Length of cooling device for fridge 5. Axle distance trailer (mm). unit (if selected). 6. Position of draw hook (if selected). 12. Height of cooling device for fridge 7. Rear overhang trailer chassis. unit.

13. Position of fifth wheel on trailer. 1,6 Number of axles in front/rear axle 13,19,23 Total weight front, rear and total. group (max. 3 front axles and 5 rear 14,20,24 Max. weight (kg) front, rear and axles). total. 2,7 Axle number in front/rear group. 15 Click to get a proposal of 3,8 Axle type ( S=steered T=trailing). unloaded weight front and rear. 4,9 Axle position within group (mm from 16 Click to maximize load axle group centre, - front + rear). positioned in centre of bodywork. 5,10 Max axle load for each axle. 25 Click button to get back to main 11,17,21 Unloaded weight (kg) front, rear screen. and total. 12,18,22 Payload front, rear and total.


Centre axle/bogie trailer 1. Height of fridge unit (if selected). 5. Position of drawhook (if selected). 2. Length from coupling centre to front 6. Selection of drawhook. edge of bodywork. 7. Selection of fridge unit (only if 3. Wheel base of trailer (calculated). bodywork is type box). 4. Length of fridge unit (if selected). 8. Length of trailer bodywork. 1. Number of axles front=0. Front 9,15,19 Total weight on coupling, rear group = centre of coupling point. and total. 2. Number of axles in rear axle group 10. Max weight on coupling (500- (max 5 rear axles). 1000 kg. Depends on type of 3. Axle number in rear group. coupling). 4. Axle type ( S=steered T=trailing) 11. Click to get proposal of 5. Axle position within group (mm unloaded weight. from axle group centre, - front + 12. Click to get max payload with rear). payload in centre of bodywork. 6. Max axle load for each axle. 16,20 Max weight rear and total. 7,13,17 Unloaded weight on coupling, 21. Click to get back to main screen. rear and total. 22. Save trailer in library. 8,14,18 Payload weight on coupling, 23. Define name of trailer to be saved. rear and total.


Semitrailer 1. Front end to kingpin. 6. Rear overhang trailer chassis. 2. Position of trailer bodywork related to 7. Position of draw hook. front end of trailer chassis. 8. Selection of fridge unit. 3. Swing clearance from kingpin to 9. Selection of fifth wheel. vertical part of trailer chassis. 10. Selection of draw hook. 4. Axle distance of trailer (from kingpin 11. Length of cooling device for fridge to axle/bogie centre). unit. 5. Bodywork length. 12. Height of cooling device for fridge unit.

13. Position of fifth wheel. 1. Number of front axles=0. 8,14,18 Payload weight kingpin, rear and total. Front group = King pin point. 9,15,19 Total weight kingpin, rear and total. 2. Number of axles in rear axle group 10. Max weight on kingpin (depends on (max 5 rear axles). max weight on tractor axles). 3. Axle number in rear group. 11. Click to get proposal of unloaded weight. 4. Axle type ( S=steered T=trailing). 12. Click to maximize payload located in 5. Axle position within group (mm from centre of bodywork. axle group centre, -front + rear). 16,20 Maximum legal weight rear and total. 6. Max axle load for each axle. 21. Click button to get back to main screen. 7,13,17 Unloaded weight kingpin, 22. Click to save trailer in library. rear and total. 23. Enter name of trailer to be saved.


Trailers general (trailer screen). When modifying the number of axles, type of bodywork, body length, height and position the program will automatically adjust the unloaded weight front and rear for the trailer. • A double click on the rear overhang will if possible adjust it to match the rear end of the

bodywork. • A double click on the bodywork length will adjust it to match the rear overhang of the

trailer chassis. • A double click on the position of the fifth wheel will put it as far to the rear as possible. • A double click on the position of the draw hook will put it as far to the rear as possible.

Fridge unit When a box is selected as trailer bodywork type it is possible to select a fridge unit. 1. Selection of fridge unit. 2. Length of fridge unit. 3. Height of fridge unit. 4. Width of fridge unit. • A double click on the Length value (2) will (if fulltrailer or semitrailer) give it the biggest possible

value that, with the existing Width value (4), will make the fridge unit to fit within the swept circle for the trailer front corners.

• A double click on the Width value (4) will (if fulltrailer or semitrailer) give it the biggest possible value that, with the existing Length value (2), will make the fridge unit to fit within the swept circle for the trailer front corners.

Fridge unit in front of trailer. 2 = Length of fridge unit. 4 = Width of fridge unit. In the turning radius screen the fridge unit will be drawn with solid lines if the size and the vertical position makes it a potential collision risk point. If not it will be drawn with dotted lines.


Payload volume The program is calculating and displaying the volume of the bodywork. Based on the outer dimensions of the bodywork (length, width and height) the program calculates / estimates an effective payload (inner) volume. Based on the weight of the payload the program calculates the density needed to fill up the payload volume. This means that if the density of the payload is bigger than this value there is room for more payload in the bodywork and a potential risk of overloading. By clicking with the right mouse button on the density value an help screen with density values for different materials is displayed.

Timber bodywork. When a timber bodywork is selected there is a possibility to define number of bundles. 1. Click button to define timber bundles. 6. Enter length of bundle 1 (gap between 2. Select a front wall or not. bundles included). 3. If a front wall is selected you can 7. Enter length of bundle 2 (gap between enter its thickness (length). bundles included). 4. Weight of front wall (only on truck). 8. Click with right mouse button to see list 5. Enter number of bundles. of different timber densities. 9. Enter density of timber. 10. Click to go back. The heights of the timber bundles are calculated from the density and weight of the load. A click with the right mouse button on the text line 'Timber density' will display a list with densities of different timber types.


Gap between vehicle units.

If one or two trailers has been selected the program will show the clearance between the vehicle units on the Main screen. The clearance shown is in straight forward position as well as in turning position. 1. Distance between vehicle units when in straight forward position. 2. Distance between vehicle units corners when in most critical turning position also taking tilt angle into account. When calculating the gap between cab and front corner of semitrailer body work when cornering the program is using a reduced value of the distance from 1.st front axle to the rear wall of the cab, if a tilt angle is used, since the collision point between the cab and trailer body is higher up where the cab is shorter. If however the distance from 1.st front axle to the rear of the cab is modified the program calculates with a vertical rear wall of the cab.

Trailer coupling, D and V -values. When a vehicle combination is running there are dynamic forces on the trailer coupling or the 5th wheel depending on the weight and geometric of the combination parts. The dynamic forces are described as the D and V -values. When on the main screen pointing at the trailer coupling or 5th wheel with the mouse cursor the needed coupling D and V-values are shown.

Semitrailer angles. w1 is the tilt angle of the semitrailer when the front end of the trailer touches the top of the frame. w2 is the tilt angle of the semitrailer from the 5th wheel to the tyre. To view these angles place the mouse cursor over the 5th wheel.


Bodywork adaptation (BWA) screen In this screen a user can specify different type of bodywork adaptation.

Brackets 1. Select type of bodywork adaptation 6. Use button: (only Brackets and Drawbeam + to zoom in. valid in ver. 2002.3). - to zoom out. 2. List of possible brackets. Click to < to move picture to the left. make a choice, or click and drag the > to move picture to the right. bracket and drop it on the frame 7. Total weight of all the brackets where you want it. Select position (front, rear and total) from the list that will pop up. 8. Click button to go back to the BUC screen 3. Click to select a position for the without changing values in BUC. selected bracket or use the 'Add'- 9. Click button to accept your choices. button. A list with possible positions You will be prompt if you want to add changes will pop up. Click in the list to select to Extra weight: a position or press Escape key or click Yes - the weights will be added to the Extra on the screen to cancel selection. weight. In the Extra weight screen you can see 4. Click to delete brackets. Possible to these weights. delete all or part of the brackets. No - returns to the BUC screen without saving 5. Click to add the selected bracket. the changes. A list with possible positions will Cancel - will return to the BWA screen. pop up.


Remarks: Click with the right mouse button on a bracket to view a popup menu from where you can: - Move the bracket to a new position - Delete the bracket.

Drawbeam 1. Select type of drawbeam and trailer coupling from the dropdown list. 2. Click on the upper button if you want to refer the drawbeam/coupling to frame end. Click on the lower button if you want to refer the drawbeam/coupling to end of body (only possible when a body has been selected). 3. Position for drawbeam/trailer coupling. If no trailer coupling is selected the measure is from inner wall of drawbeam to frame end/end of body, else it is from the pin in the coupling to frame end/end of body. Note! When changing the position the program will select a position closest to your choice that will keep JE (measure 2820 in the picture above) in steps of 10 mm. 4. Indicates whether the drawbeam is used for Close coupled trailer or not. Under mounted DB190 is the only drawbeam that can act as both (Close coupled trailer or regular). With Close coupled trailer two pairs of brackets will be added automatically.


Underrun protection

1. Select type of underrun protection profile from the dropdown list.

Available profiles depend on which drawbeam type that has been selected. 2. Select position for the underrun protection.

Data and picture can be printed from the File menu. Remarks: Changes made in BUC window (e.g. axle distance and frame overhang) will make the program to automatically recalculate weight distribution of the components selected from BWA window. The values are presented in the Extra weight screen.


Rollover stability In order to comply with ADR 2003 requirements for tank vehicles in cat. FL, OX and AT the rollover stability must be calculated according to ECE Regulation 111. This requirement is mandatory as from 1 July 2003. To display the Rollover stability window, click on the Option menu and then select 'Rollover stability'. All chassis types, with cab type CP14/19 or CR14/19, are supported by the program.


If one of above supported chassis has been selected in BUC, all necessary input fields will be fill with values given by the Rollover stability program, except for tyres/rims and centre of gravity height of bodywork. Rollover stability program is divided in 6 steps: Step 1 - Selected configuration is shown and if all equipment is supported by the program. Step 2 - Input fields for the chassis. Step 3 - Tyres and rims selection. Step 4 - Chassis dimensions are presented. Top of frame to ground at centre line of

front/rear axle group (Um and Vm according to Chassis Dimensions). Step 5 - Input fields for bodywork.

Weight of bodywork, including load. By pressing the "Maximise" button the weight of the bodywork (incl. load) is maximised to load up the axles to their maximum technical weight.

Step 6 - Result By pressing the 'Calculate' button: If no centre of gravity height was given in Step 5 the program calculates max

permitted centre of gravity height of bodywork.


By pressing the 'Next' button: If the bodywork weight (incl. load) is maximised and centre of gravity height of

bodywork is given, the program calculates the corrected lateral acceleration at overturn (qc) according to ECE regulation No 111.


Front Underrun Protection (FUP) This program shows the bumper execution that will be delivered when the vehicle is ordered with EC type approval for FUP.

1. Select type of configuration. 9. Select if spare wheel carrier is used. 2. Select chassis height. 10. Select fuel tank and position.1) 3. Select axle distance. 11. Click to close the program. 4. Select cab type. 12. Click to see the FUP solution for the 5. Select type of bumper. specified truck.2) 6. Select engine. 7. Select gearbox. 8. Axles information:

Select front spring Select front axle type Select front axle distance (if applicable) Select tyres front Select rear spring Select bogie designation (if applicable) Select bogie distance (if applicable) Select tyres rear

Place mouse pointer over a field to see a description. 1) Both left and right side tank must be replied by the user. If the fuel tank position is unknown select 'Default

position' which will place the fuel tank at XM4000. 2) All fields must be replied before one can proceed.


Shows which FUP that will be delivered when the vehicle is ordered with FUP directive. If no FUP is available • can for instance changes of tyres dimensions and front springs be tested. • for trucks, which shall have bodywork, the weight of the bodywork may

be inserted in the program to see if it is possible to get a FUP device certificate. When calculating FUP device the safety margin is reduced with 5 mm.


Turning radius screen 1. Inner radius (must be greater than 0 8. Click button to get back to the Main for continuos circle driving). screen. 2. Kerb radius (outer side of outer 9. Click button to make printout. front wheel) 10. Edit/result field for actual steering angle 3. Wall radius (outermost corner of (inner wheel). With the +/- buttons it is vehicle combination). possible to increase/decrease the steering 4. Distance (mm) from last left mouse angle in steps of 1°. button click point. 11. Edit/result fields for inner radius, kerb 5. Show Options screen. radius and outer radius. Any of these 6. Click button to draw vehicle three items can be modified to values combination with inner radius 5300 you want to study. After doing so and mm showing limitations according to clicking the recalculation button the EU- rule (inner=5300 outer=12500). results for the modified value will be 7. Click button to recalculate and redraw displayed. screen. 12. Rear overhang swing-out. Figure between brackets is rear swing-out with lifted tag axle. The truck has to be equipped with some kind of body work.


Options screen When the Options button on the Turning radius screen has been clicked this window will be displayed giving the possibility to study different types of turning alternatives. All possibilities and selections on this option screen are not visible and available at the same time. 1. Steering angle outer wheel. 10. Enter the value of the turning angle 2. Steering angle inner wheel. you want to use (only if number 9 3. Plot of continuos circle driving. above is selected). 4. Select to draw street corner (only if 11. Selection of automatic or manual 90° is selected). scaling. 5. Define the width of the corner streets. 12. X-axis minimum value (mm). 6. Selection of different turning angles. 13. X-axis maximum value (mm). 7. Select to turn back into a road parallel 14. Scale factor. to the starting road. 15. Select to start turn with wheels straight 8. Distance from starting road to the ahead or already turned. ending road. 16. Select full plot or not. 9. Define your own turning angle 17. Click to get back to turning radius between starting road and ending road. screen. Definitions: Steering angle is the angle of the wheel. Turning angle is the angle between the start road and the final road.


Example of a truck with fulltrailer driving in a 90° turning angle with a street corner of 8.5 m streets drawn (fullplot). The turn is started with the wheels in straight ahead position. Example of a truck with fulltrailer driving in a 270° turning angle and then returning into a parallel road located -10 m from the start road (fullplot). The turn is started with the wheels in straight ahead position.


Help screen The Help screen gives possibility to read a help file. This help is intended to contain more general help information not connected to any specific item or function. You have the possibility to edit the help screen as well as add your own help text and save it for future access. 1. Click this button to make it possible 3. Scrollbar to use when you want to edit the help text. move to another page in the help text. 2. Click this button to save the help text 4. Click this to get back to the Main after modifications. screen.


Notepad The notepad is a place where you can make notes and save it for future use. You can use it to enter your remarks about the function of the program or your wishes for future enhancements to the program (and send it to us as a file or printed). You can also use it to enter information you want to have easy access to when running the BUC program. 1. Click button to save notes. 3. Scrollbar to use when moving around in the notes. 2. Text edit area. 4. Click button to get back to the Main screen.


LANGFIX program The LANGFIX program is used to edit language files for texts in the BUC-program. Start the program by clicking the LANGFIX -icon. 1. Click to add item to the list. 6. Save all language files by clicking this 2. Select language that you want to button. view in the list window. 7. Edit area for search text. 3. Text items of the selected language. 8. Click this button to start search. 4. Selected item number. 9. Click this button to quit program. 5. Read all language files by clicking button. By clicking the ”+” or ”-” -button you can go through the list of words and sentences. All the different languages are visible and possible to edit at the same time. This makes it easy to compare the translations to the different languages. When you edit, remember that every line has to start and end with the ”. Try not to extend the text lengths of the words and sentences. When you are ready with all your changes click the “Save” button to save all the language files at the same time.


HELPDO program The HELPDO program is used to edit language files for help texts to the BUC-program. Start the program by clicking the HELPDO -icon. 1. Select language to edit in left window. 2. Help text for selected item in selected language. 3. Select help text item. 4. Click the button to save all help text files. 5. Click the button “Quit” to close the program. 6. Click to copy text from left to right window. 7. Number of selected help text item. 8. Click to select language to edit in right window. 9. Selected help text item. If you want a completely new language help text file to be created and added to the BUC program use one of the existing language files for the translation and send it to me and I will have it added to the next version of the BUC program. The files I need then are BUCTXT.XXX and BUCHLP.XXX. Send them by Email to: [email protected]

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