Slide 1

BTS Technologysource: Nokia Siemens Network

Ir. Muhamad Asvial, MSc., PhDCenter for Information and Communication Engineering Research (CICER)

Electrical Engineering Department - University of IndonesiaE-mail: asvial@ee.ui.ac.id

http://www.ee.ui.ac.id/cicer

Slide 2

Base station sites are the main energy consumers in a mobile network

90%

10%

70%

30%

Site energy consumption (heating/cooling, etc.)

BTS energy consumption

Other (controllers, core, OSS, etc.)

BTS sites

Slide 3

Simplify site acquisition with Smart Sites and multiple installation options

Traditional rural siteTraditional urban site:Equipment room in basement

Multiple installation options

At base of mast or tower

On top of mast or tower

Stacked on floor or shelf

Separated radio units

On wall or pole

Hidden sites BTS or 19” cabinets

Slide 4

Largest cell size by:• Placing BTS exactly where

it is needed• 25% fewer sites with mast-top

installation*• Up to 50% fewer sites using

best-in-class coverage features• Industry-leading RF

performance

Highest BTS capacity with:• Smallest BTS for any capacity• Best-in -class software

features to boost capacity

Reduce number of sites needed

Up to 50% fewer BTS sites

Coverage

Capacity

Our Flexi BTS

Legacy BTS

Share of BTS sites providing coverage/capacity

Slide 5

Smart Sites decrease CAPEX

• Easier site acquisition• No cranes needed• Simpler installation• No cabinets needed• Easier site construction• Shorter antenna cables

Example 1:

Example 2:

Traditional roof-top site Roof-top site from Nokia Siemens Networks

Traditional suburban site Suburban site from Nokia Siemens Networks

• Fewer sites needed• Savings in antenna

system• Savings in Civil Works

Reduced CAPEX

Slide 6

Smart Sites decrease CAPEX

Traditional rural site

Smart rural site

Examples 4-5:

• Minimized site space• Less site foundation needed• Shorter and optimally placed

antenna cables

Reduced CAPEX

Slide 7

Smart Sites reduce operating expenses

• Lower site rent• Dramatically reduced power consumption

• 60% less in our Flexi WCDMA BTS• 35% less in our Flexi EDGE BTS

• Lower Operations & Maintenance costs

Reduced OPEX

Slide 8

Smart Sites minimize Total Cost of Ownership

Reduced TCO

• Lower power consumption of equipment increases viability of renewable energy as power source

• Lower CAPEX where grid connection is very expensive• High OPEX savings compared to diesel generator solution where sites are

difficult to access and maintain

Slide 9

• The Autonomous Site can be powered by:– Solar Power as individual solution– Solar + Wind turbine– + these both supported by generators

• Same standard products as offered by Solar/Wind Power System vendor– Ready made/existing products that can

be delivered immediately after selection

• Each site is unique - configurations depends on – Site location– Required load– Required autonomy time

Renewable energy for autonomous site

Slide 10

Examples of Renewable Energy BTS Sites

Slide 11

Present Past

Radio Access Energy Efficiency Roadmap

– Discontinuous Transmission

– Radio Channel Allocation

– Improved Power Control

– Adaptive Multi Rate

– Common BCCH– Single Antenna

Interference Cancellation (SAIC)

– High Site Temperature

– Multiradio BTS– Orthogonal Sub

Channel (OSC)

Future

RU10 Ready for Contract

– Idle Timeslot Power Off

– Low Traffic Power Down

– Energy Saving Mode for BCCH

Slide 12

Flexi EDGE BTSHuge energy savings with Flexi EDGE BTS

BSS

Time (00:00 – 24:00)

UltraSiteTRX .209

Flexi

Low Traffic

Daytime Traffic

BTS power consumption

BTS traffic load

TS0 TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 TS6 TS7 TS0 TS1

Bias on

Bias off

Old Ultrasite

on on off off off off on onon on

Flexi

• Flexi EDGE BTS is optimized for energy efficiency– During high traffic energy saving by improved PA efficiency– During low traffic energy saving by PA shut down by timeslot based

• Energy savings up to 52% compared to Ultrasite

Ener

gy c

onsu

mpt

ion

[W]

Traf

fic [E

rlang

s or

Mbp

s]

Slide 13

Flexi EDGE BTS Dual TRX Power Down

• Shutdown of Flexi EDGE BTS Dual TRX during low traffic– Energy consumption per Dual TRX box decreases from 40W down to 0W

Save energy during low traffic

BSS

Time (00:00 – 24:00) B

CC

H

TRX

2 TR

X 3

TRX

4

BC

CH

TR

X 2

TRX

3

TRX

4

All TRX on TRX 3-4 shutdown

Saves energy during low traffic period– For 4+4+4 BTS the saving is 15%

All TRX Power On

DTRX Power Down

Low Traffic

Feature ID(s): BSS21261

Daytime Traffic

Ener

gy c

onsu

mpt

ion

[W]

Traf

fic [E

rlang

s or

Mbp

s]

Slide 14

Site temperature up to 40oC

• On average at site level 30% of energy is used for cooling– Varies from case to case. At hot climate 50% of energy is used for cooling

• By allowing BTS to run at higher temperature less energy used for cooling– Use of fresh air cooling instead of air-condition at indoor and shelter sites– Use of outdoor sites

Save energy 30% at site level

BSS

Ener

gy c

onsu

mpt

ion

[W]

Traf

fic [E

rlang

s or

Mbp

s]Time (00:00 – 24:00)

Air Condition Fresh air

cooling

Low Traffic

Daytime Traffic

Slide 15

Discontinuous Transmission (DTX)

• Downlink output power is switched of during speech pauses– On average half of non-BCCH TRX time slots thus in idle mode

Save energy by not transmitting during speech pauses

BSS - BR

Time (00:00 – 24:00)

BC

CH

TR

X 2

TRX

3 TR

X 4

BC

CH

TR

X 2

TRX

3 TR

X 4

DTX off DTX on

DTX saves energy during daytime traffic– For 4+4+4 GSM BTS the saving is about 10%

DTX off DTX on

Low Traffic

Feature ID(s): BSS01410

Daytime Traffic

Ener

gy c

onsu

mpt

ion

[W]

Traf

fic [E

rlang

s or

Mbp

s]

Slide 16

Radio Channel Allocation

• Prioritize BCCH TRX instead of traffic TRX and save enrgy– As TS at BCCH TRX is anyway send with full power, energy can be saved by

allocating traffic to BCCH TRX instead of traffic TRX

Save energy by moving traffic to BCCH TRX

Time (00:00 – 24:00)

BC

CH

TR

X 2

TRX

3 TR

X 4

BC

CH

TR

X 2

TRX

3 TR

X 4

No prioritization Prioritize BCCH

Saves energy during all traffic conditions.– For 4+4+4 GSM BTS the saving is about 20%

No prioritization

Low Traffic

Feature ID(s): BSS06115

Prioritize forBCCH

Daytime Traffic

BSS - BREn

ergy

con

sum

ptio

n [W

]

Traf

fic [E

rlang

s or

Mbp

s]

Slide 17

Advanced downlink power control

• Variable Downlink Power Control– This feature enables more aggressive power reduction steps for non-AMR codec– Thus BTS transmission power will reach the required minimum level much faster

• Progressive AMR Power Control– This feature reduces the usage of highest output power levels by using robust

codec instead of increasing output power

• On average downlink power control will save 2dB on BTS output power– This will decrease BTS energy consumption by 4%

Optimize transmission power and thus save energy

Feature ID(s): BSS09021, BSS20776

BSS - BR

Slide 18

Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR)

• AMR Half Rate (AMR HR)– Within AMR HR one can reduce the amount of bits in voice call to half– AMR HR is very powerful way to reduce energy consumption at big sites by having

same traffic with less amount TRX HW and by having less active TS at non BCCH TRX.

• AMR Full Rate (AMR FR)– Within AMR FR one can use lower BTS output power level as RX quality limits are lower

for AMR FR than for GSM codes

• Enhanced TRX Prioritization in TCH Allocation– Within this feature traffic without AMR support are allocated to BCCH TRX and traffic

with AMR support to non BCCH TRX– This will decrease energy consumption as with AMR traffic one need less output power

than with GSM codes

Less bits over air – less used energy

BSS - BR

Slide 19

Power Saving Mode for BTS RU

Feature ID(s): RAN955

– In areas, which have multiple frequency layers, cells can be shut down during low load periods

– The Power Saving Mode (PWSM) grouping allows operator to control flexibly cell shutdown order according cell configuration and power amplifier mapping

– The cell shutdown is triggered once the operator conditions are met

• Shut down conditions include issues like time of the day, load of the cells, duration of low load, load can be fitted into remaining cells

– A shutdown cell is activated when traffic load in the active cells increases

OPEX savings due to saved electricity

Slide 20

Thank you.