BTLEW Lesson 7—The Rivals Part Four ENTER BTLEW Lesson 7—The Rivals I. Word StudyWord Study II....

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Lesson 7—The Rivals

Part FourPart Four

ENTER

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I. Word Study

II. Phrases and Expressions

III.Word Building

IV. Grammar

Language Language StudyStudy

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I. Word StudyI. Word StudyWord list:

1. arouse

2. associate

3. confess

4. detach

5. fallacy

6. heighten

13. resume

14. sense

15. sharp

16. snap

17 tact

18. tempt

7. humiliating

8. infringe

9. languid

10. line

11. provoke

12. reflect

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1. arouse

Collocations: arouse interest 引起兴趣arouse expectation 引起期望arouse anger 激起愤怒arouse fear 引起恐惧

Example:

The music aroused an intense feeling of homesick in him.

Synonyms

stimulateprovokeproduce

stir

I. Word StudyI. Word Study

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2. associate

v. to join or connectn. someone who you work or do business

with

Example:

We naturally associate the name of Darwin

with the doctrine of evolution.

connectunite

subordinatesecondary

juniorvice-

To be continued on the next page.

I. Word StudyI. Word StudySynonyms

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Collocations of “associate”

business associate

crime associate

associate member

associate director

associate professor

associate head

生意伙伴

共犯

准会员

副主任

副教授

副主管


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3. confess v. to admit that you have done something wrong, or illegal

Examples:

Edwards confessed to being a spy for the

country.

The man confessed that he was the sniper.

admitacknowledge


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4. detach

v. to remove

Examples:

If you are interested in the course, detach

and fill out the application form.

How can you detach yourself from reality?

separateisolatecut off

cf: attach


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n. a false idea or belief

Examples:

It’s a common fallacy to think that crime is

caused by poverty.

That the world is flat was once a popular

fallacy.

5. fallacy

misleading notionerroneous belief

myth


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6. heightenv. a. to make higher

b. to intensifyCollocations:

her heightened color

heighten one’s anger

heighten the flavor

heighten the tension

height the awareness of environmental protection

heighten one’s admiration for somebody

逐渐变化的脸孔（如因感情的变化所致）使更愤怒使味道更浓使气氛更紧张

提高环保意识

对某人倾慕有加

intensifyincreasereinforce


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a. making somebody feel ashamed, embarrassedExamples:

In the first round of the match, their team suffered a humiliating defeat.

This may seem to be a humiliating withdrawal. However, it proves a sound strategy in the long run.

7. humiliating

embarrassingshamefuldegrading


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8. infringe

v. to do something that is against a law or someone’s legal rightsExamples:

The Educational Testing Service (ETS)

brought a lawsuit against the school

because they believed that the school had

infringed their copyrights.

Our government has stepped up its efforts

to crack down those who infringe

intellectual property rights.

breakdisobeyviolate

cf: obey


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9. languid

a. moving slowly and making very little effort; lazily slow and peaceful

Examples:

The old man left with a languid wave of the

hand.

The family spread a languid afternoon by

the stream.

The hot summer makes him feel languid.

unenergeticrelaxedleisurely


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10. line

Collocations:

dotted line

washing line

a fishing line

country/state line

hot line

follow the party line

read between the lines

More examples

虚线晾衣绳钓鱼线州界（美国）热线坚持党的路线领会言外之意



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Collocations:

take a hard-line

be in line for a pay increase

be in line with the basic principle

in one’s line

out of one’s line

below the poverty line

采取强硬路线有望加工资

符合基本原则在某人的兴趣范围内；属于某人的行为不在 ······在贫困线下


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11. provokev. a. to make angry, vex

b. to cause; arouse

Examples:

His extramarital affairs provoked much

press interest.

The dog is quite dangerous when provoked.

bring abouttrigger

stir


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12. reflectv. a. (of a surface) to throw back (light, heat,

sound)

b. to express c. to consider

Examples:

The sight of my face reflected in the mirror

never pleases me.

Their clothes and food reflect a rising

standard of living in the country.

The manager is reflecting how to pull out of

the financial distress.

revealexposesuggestindicate

show


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13. resume v. a. to go on after stopping for a time

b. to go back to the seat, place or position

where you were before

Examples:

She hopes to resume work after the baby is

born.

Peace talks will resume tomorrow.

He will resume training as soon as the

injury is better.

cf: résumé

take up againcontinuerestart


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14. sense

n. judgment; a feeling; meaning

Collocations:there’s no sense in doing sth.bring sb. to their sensemake sense of sth.in a sensein no sensebe out of one’s sense

做某事是不明智的使人醒悟理解某事的意义在某种意义上绝不不明智


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Collocations:sharp cry of painsharp winea sharp turna sharp pain in the backa sharp rebukein sharp contrast tosharp-eyedsharp-earedsharp-nosedarrive at 12 sharplook sharp

15. sharp

痛苦的尖叫声浓烈的酒急转弯剧烈的背痛训斥鲜明对照目光敏锐的耳灵的嗅觉灵敏的12 点整到达抓紧时间


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16. snap

v. a. to break with/make a sharp sound b. to snatch with the teeth c. to take a snaps shotExamples:

She snapped her suitcase shut and left the house.The dog snapped at his ankles.She always snapped her fingers to get the children’s attention.Snap the chance when it appears.Cameramen snapped celebrities while TV men interviewed them.

crackshatter


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17. tact

n. the ability to be polite and careful about what you say or do so that you do not cause offence

Examples:Diplomats are supposed to have great tact in dealing with foreign affairs.When it came to the issue of territory, their negotiating showed no tact.

diplomacyjudgment

insight


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18. tempt

v. a. to persuade somebody to do something wrong or foolish b. to attract somebody to have or do somethingExamples:

Nothing would tempt me to take such a step.Their unfriendliness tempted him to leave the party.The advertisements hope to tempt people into buying their products.

lureenticeattract

appeal to

The end of Word Study.


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List:

1. count on

2. for one’s part

3. in the event of

4. in this regard

5. out of reach

6. take aback

II. Phrases and II. Phrases and ExpressionsExpressions

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to depend on or be certain of someone or something

Examples:

You can count on my vote.

If got into trouble I could always count on Bob since we’re all weather friends.

Both companies are counting on winning the contract for constructing Beijing-Shanghai railway.

1. count on


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used to say what someone’s opinions are, when compared to someone else’s opinion

Examples:

For my part, I prefer living in the country.

His parents, for their parts, were very proud of his choice.

I, for my part, still distrust them.

2. for one’s part


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Examples:

Britain agreed to support US in the event of war.

She had a terrible accident, but at all events, she survived.

It may rain. In that event, we will cancel our journey.

We were afraid that he would be nervous onstage. But in the event, he delivered his speech very beautifully.

3. in the event of = in the event that


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4. in this regard

Example: In this regard, the child may be thought

as having two homes.

in connection with this; concerning this


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beyond, difficult to get close enough to touch

Examples: They are dangerous to the kids. Do put them

out of the children’s reach. I have a dictionary within arm’s reach.

5. out of/within one’s reach


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to be very surprised about something

Examples: It took him so much aback that for a moment

he was lost for words. The news took me aback.

6. take aback More verb phrases of “take”



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More examples

• He took against me from the start.

• He took back all he’d said.

• The trick took me in.

• I hope you took in all I said.

• The mimic took off the prime minister.

• I took on a new job.

• I was angry when she took over my job.

• We took part in the Golf Club.

• She took me to task for my lateness.

• Studying takes up a lot of my time.

The end of Phrases and Expressions.


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III.III. Word BuildingWord BuildingList:

1. nominal suffixes: -ion, -ism, -ity, -ance

2. ex- vs. in-

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III.III. Word BuildingWord Building

transgressiontransgression

suffix

V+ ion N

devastate

exhilarate

conform

procreate

project

derive

restore

contort

rationalize

devastation

exhilaration

conformation

procreation

projection

derivation

restoration

contortion

rationalization


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ism: n.—belief/ behavior

criticizeescapetourbaptizesimplifyage

criticism escapismtourism baptismsimplismageism

criticism (6)criticism (6)

suffix


批评逃避现实旅游，观光洗礼片面看问题对老年人的歧视


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—ity conform familiarize

conformity

familiarity

III.III. Word BuildingWord BuildingTwo more nominal suffixes:

—ance sustain

resist

assist

attend

sustenance

resistance

assistance

attendance

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in--


ex--

including

import

interior

inhale

intensive

internal

excluding

export

exterior

exhale

extensive

external

inside outside

The end of Word Building.

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IV.IV. Grammar--1Grammar--1We wish to be excused because guilt and We wish to be excused because guilt and shame are painful emotions… (Para. 21)shame are painful emotions… (Para. 21)

It is important to recognize that although “be” is the prototypical auxiliary verb of the passive, it is possible to have other verbs fulfill this function.


Get- passive is quite common in informal,

conversational English.

—Was Bruno arrested?

—No. He wasn’t even

caught.

—Did Bruno get arrested?

—No. He didn’t even get

caught.

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IV.IV. Grammar--2Grammar--2


The experimental have functions as a passive auxiliary. (note the difference)

Mary had her purse snatched.

—passive (experiential—The purse-snatching happened to her. It was beyond her control.)

—causative (Mary arranged for someone to snatch her purse—perhaps to file a fraudulent insurance claim.)

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Some passive sentences in English have no active voice counterpart,

such as:

IV.IV. Grammar--3Grammar--3

Mehdi was born in Tehran. ( for human birth)

It is rumored that he is on his way out.

Other verbs that occur commonly in the passive are:

be deemed, be fined, be hospitalized, be jailed, be scheduled, be shipped, be staffed, be suspended.

The end of Grammar.

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BTLEW Lesson 7—The Rivals Part Four ENTER BTLEW Lesson 7—The Rivals I. Word StudyWord Study II....

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