BSRIA Isolation Rooms

BSRIA

Isolation rooms

Blanca Beato Arribas

26 February 2016

2Making buildings better…

BSRIA

A test, consultancy, instrument, research and market research organisation

Specialists in construction and building services

Member based association

Our values are to be authoritative, collaborative, independent and innovative

Our Mission is to

• Make Buildings Better


Turnover breakdown


Advice

Indoor air quality and thermal comfort

BIM strategy and roadmap to implementation

Life Cycle Costing and environmental assessment

Soft Landings implementation

Mock up testing and design validation


Investigations

Troubleshooting and failure investigations

Building Performance Evaluation (pre and post construction)

Maintenance audits, strategy and condition surveys

Condition monitoring

Building user guides


Mock-up testing


Mock-up testing

BSRIA’s facilities

White box chambers

– 9 m x 6 m x 4.5 m

– 8 m x 6 m x 4.5 m

“a box within a box”

– Controlled conditions

– Bigger spaces- i.e. open plan office


Isolation Rooms

Department of Health of England

PPVL and Negative P

CL4 downflow system

Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety (DHSSPS), Northern Ireland

Intensive Care Unit (ICU)


PPVL Concept

Protection from

airborne infection

Protection to inmuno

compromised patients

Protection to staff in

room

Corridor

Isolation room

Bac

k pa

ssag

e

Ensuite

Lobby

Viewing chamber

S

E

Corridor

0.70

4.24 2.49

1.80

1.12

2.41

2.

0

2.8

4.5

8.45

6.83

All measurements in m

Internal height=3m excluding floor

Internal height lobby=2.7m excluding floor

Positively Pressurised Ventilated Lobby


Supply

220 l/s

Pressure

stabiliser

100 l/s

Extract

160 l/s

Door

60 l/s

Door

60 l/s

Door

60 l/s

Grille

100 l/s

+10 Pa0 Pa

0 Pa

-10 Pa

HBN4 Isolation room

LOBBY

ISOLATION

ROOM

EN SUITE

BATHROOM

CORRIDOR


Intensive Care Unit

CORRIDORPLANT ROOM

ISOLATION ROOM

LOBBY

Lobby to Isolation room door

Lobby to corridor door

Bed

RPS

LPS

Supply

Supply

High Extract

Low Extract

0 Pa

0 Pa

0 Pa10 Pa

0 Pa


Mock-up construction HBN4


ICU Mock-up Belfast


CL4 mock-up Bracknell


Isolation room

Validated

Smoke tests

Airtightness

Gas tracer

tests Salt tests/

bio-

aerosols*

Design

Mock-up

construction

Room air

movement

Validation process

CFD

*University of Leeds, UK


Airtightness

Differential Pressure

Flows through structure

These flows need to be

quantified

Set up the P/S and flow

under doors

Fan failure

BSRIA Standard on

airtightness of Isolation

rooms in 2016ATTMA Technical Standard 1 Issue 2 “Measuring Air Permeability of Building Envelopes”


Airtightness

Sealed plate for testing


Smoke tests


Anemometer Surveys

(Room air movement)


Gas Tracer Tests

Nitrous Oxide

Release: different points

Room challenges: fan failure,

effect of doors


Gas Tracer Tests

Nitrous Oxide

Release: patient, sink,

nurse, tent

Room challenges: fan

failure, effect of doors

N2O-airborne

pathogens-studied at

the university of Leeds,

UK


Gas tracer tests


Comparison of PPVL and Neg P(Normalised Gas tracer concentration)

Model Type Test Extr.ppm 2

Bed

3

LHS

4

LHS

5

RHS

7

under bed ACR (h

-1)

Measured

1 PPVL 24 152 1.31 0.96 0.99 1.39 1.15 8.5

1 Neg P 30 174 0.95 0.86 0.90 1.14 0.44 11

Model Type Test Extr.ppm Extract Around bed 6

by nurse

2

by sink

7

under bed

ACR (h-1

)

Measured

2 PPVL 5 138 Low 1.00 0.88 0.97 0.88 12.3

2 Neg P 29 152 Low 1.18 1.18 0.98 0.86 18.2


CFD model

Model of empty room

Pressure stabiliser

Air speed

measurements- Used to

verify the predictions

Accurate modelling of

blade profile


Airtightness

Building Regulations :10 m3/hr/m2 at 50 Pa

BSRIA 1 m3/hr/m2 at a test pressure of 10 Pa = 2.62

at 50 Pa.

Model Working P Test P ALI ALI (used) Max Test Flow Rate

Max. Test Flow

Rate / unit volume

(Pa) (Pa) m3/(h.m

2) m

3/(h.m

2) (l.s

-1) (l.s

-1 per m

3)

1 10 20 3.16 3 72.5 1.01

15 30 3.87 3.9 94.3 1.31

20 40 4.47 4.5 108.8 1.51

25 50 5 5 120.8 1.68

2 10 20 3.16 3 99.2 0.75

15 30 3.87 3.9 128.9 0.98

20 40 4.47 4.5 148.8 1.13

25 50 5 5 165.3 1.25

nPkQ


Conclusions-Cat 1-3 Isolation

rooms

Successful validation: Well mixed (80%) single zone

Good comparison between GTT salt tests and

bioaerosols

Structural integrity = passive protection

Pressure differentials = protection to an extent (doors

closed)

Protection within the room = determined by internal

flows

– 0.5 to 2 of extract concentration

– Dilution strategy provides 10^3 Protection factor


Acknowledgements

The Department of Health of England

The Department of Health, Social Services and

Public Safety (DHSSPS), Northern Ireland

The University of Leeds, UK


The patient in the next bed is highly contagious- thank God for these curtains!!

Thank you for

your attention

Any questions?

BSRIA Isolation Rooms

Engineering

Transcript of BSRIA Isolation Rooms