Beijing Electron Positron Collider National Laboratory

BSRF 2015

Annual Report

Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility

I

Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility

As a part of Beijing Electron Positron Collider （BEPC）project, Beijing Synchrotron Radiation

Facility (BSRF) (http://english.bsrf.ihep.cas.cn) was constructed almost in parallel with BEPC and

has been opened to users since 1991. After the upgrading project of BEPCII, BSRF runs in 2.5GeV

full-energy injection and 250mA beam current in the dedicated mode of synchrotron radiation. The

intensity of hard X-ray has increased one magnitude and the stability was also improved greatly.

Fig 1 Beamline Map of BSRF

Currently, there are 3 experimental halls（12#，13#，15#）, 5 insertion devices，14 beamlines and

14 experimental stations at BSRF. The synchrotron radiation light of BSRF covers the energy from

vacuum ultraviolet to hard X-ray, and supports many kinds of experimental techniques, such as

X-ray topography, X-ray Imaging, Small Angle X-ray Scattering, Diffuse X-ray Scattering,

Biological Macromolecule Structure, X-ray Fluorescence Analysis， X-ray Absorption Fine

Structure， Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Circular Dichroism Spectra, Soft X-ray Calibration,

Mid-energy X-ray Optics, High Pressure Structure, LIGA and X-ray lithography, which can be

applied to lots of fundamental and applied researches, such as Condensed Matter Physics, High

Pressure Physics, Chemistry, Material Science, Biology, Goescience, Environmental Science,

Micro-electronics, Micromachining, Metrology, Optics and Probing Technique.

II

The accumulated experimental time for the dedicated mode of synchrotron radiation is at least

three months per year. Additionally, nine beamlines (Mid-energy X-ray Station, Soft X-ray

Absorption Spectroscopy Station, Photoelectron Spectroscopy Station, Vacuum Ultraviolet Station,

Small Angle X-ray Scattering Station and Macromolecular Crystallography Station) could also run

while BEPCII was working for high energy physics, which is called as coupling mode and supplies

more experimental time to users. Totally, BSRF could supply beamtime to upwards of 500

experiments for over 1000 users from more than 100 institutes and universities at home and abroad.

III

Contents

Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility .............................................................................................. I

2015 Operation of BSRF ...................................................................................................................... 1

The Summary of the Researches Launched on BSRF ....................................................................... 3

Metal-free efficient photocatalyst for stable visible water splitting .................................................................... 3

Orange Zinc Germanate with Metallic Ge-Ge Bonds as a Chromophore-Like Center for Visible-Light-Driven

Water Splitting ..................................................................................................................................................... 5

Effect of Conjugated Side Chains on High Performance Photovoltaic Polymers ............................................... 7

Photoinduced Isomerization-Driven Structural Transformation Between Luminescent Decanuclear and

Octadecanuclear Gold(I) Sulfido Clusters ........................................................................................................... 8

New Progress in the Study of Negative Compressibility in Borates ................................................................. 10

A Perfect Rare-earth Triangular Quantum Spin Liquid candidate: YbMgGaO4 .............................................. 12

Engineering the defect state and reducibility of ceria based nanoparticles for improved anti-oxidation

performance ....................................................................................................................................................... 13

POSS-Containing Jacketed Polymer: Hybrid Inclusion Complex with Hierarchically Ordered Structures at

Sub-10 nm and Angstrom Length Scales .......................................................................................................... 15

Thermoreversible Ion Gel with Tunable Modulus Self-Assembled by a Liquid Crystalline Triblock

Copolymer in Ionic Liquid ................................................................................................................................ 17

Electronic Properties of Ce3+

-Doped Sr3Al2O5Cl2: A Combined Spectroscopic and Theoretical Study ........... 19

VUV-vis Photoluminescence, X-ray Radioluminescence and Energy Transfer Dynamics of Ce3+

and Pr3+

Doped LiCaBO3 ................................................................................................................................................. 20

The structure change of Ce-based metallic glasses under high pressure ........................................................... 21

Nanostructure and Linear Rheological Response of Comb-like Copolymer PSVS-g-PE Melts: The Influences

of Branching Densities and Branching Chain Length ....................................................................................... 22

Enhanced efficiency in polymer solar cells via hydrogen plasma treatment of ZnO electron transport layers . 24

Revealing Chemical Origin of Silver-Nanoparticle Safety by Synchrotron Radiation-Analytical Techniques 26

Structure and Catalytic Activities of Ferrous Centers Confined on the Interface between Carbon Nanotubes

and Humic acid .................................................................................................................................................. 27

Cysteine–Ag Cluster Hydrogel Confirmed by Experimental and Numerical Studies ....................................... 30

Oxygen Vacancy-Induced Room Temperature Ferromagnetism and Magnetoresistance in Fe-Doped In2O3

Films .................................................................................................................................................................. 31

IV

Hybridization and pore engineering for achieving high-performance lithium storage of carbide as anode

material .............................................................................................................................................................. 33

The performance and aggregation structure of High-mobility Polymeric semiconductors ............................... 34

Solving important protein structures using precipitant-immobilized imprinted polymers ................................ 36

Pressure-Induced Structural Transition of Single-Crystalline SnSe Nanosheets ............................................... 38

Atomic cobalt on nitrogen-doped graphene for hydrogen generation ............................................................... 39

Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation by Using Amorphous Ni–Co Double Hydroxides Nanocages ...... 41

Chromium translocation and transformaton in the mycorrhizosphere .............................................................. 42

Synergistic effect of polymer and small molecules for high-performance ternary organic solar cells .............. 45

A highly homogeneous nanocoating strategy for Li-rich Mn-based layered oxides based on chemical

conversion.......................................................................................................................................................... 47

In situ detection of calcium phosphate clusters in solution and wet amorphous phase by synchrotron X-ray

absorption near-edge spectroscopy at calcium K-edge ...................................................................................... 48

Electronic Topological Transition in Ag2Te at High-pressure .......................................................................... 50

Unveiling reinforcement and toughening mechanism of filler network in natural rubber with synchrotron

radiation X-ray Nano-Computed Tomography .................................................................................................. 51

Nonequilibrium Nature of Flow-Induced Nucleation in Isotactic Polypropylene ............................................. 53

Silver Ion-Mediated Heterometallic Three-Fold Interpenetrating Uranyl–Organic Framework ....................... 54

New insight into coordination and extraction of Uranium(VI) with N-donating ligands in Room Temperature

Ionic Liquids ...................................................................................................................................................... 55

Physical Control of Phase Behavior of Hexadecane in Nanopores ................................................................... 57

2015 Project of BSRF .......................................................................................................................... 59

1W1A-Diffuse X-ray Scattering Station ........................................................................................................... 59

1W1B-XAFS Station ......................................................................................................................................... 61

1W2A-SAXS station ......................................................................................................................................... 64

1W2B-Biological Macromolecule Crystallography and XAFS Stations .......................................................... 64

3W1A-Biological Macromolecule Crystallography Stations ............................................................................ 65

3B1- LIGA and X-ray Lithography Stations ..................................................................................................... 66

4W1A-X-ray Imaging Station ........................................................................................................................... 68

4W1B-Micro-X-ray Fluorescence Analysis Station .......................................................................................... 70

4W2-High Pressure Research Station ................................................................................................................ 73

V

4B7-Mid-energy and Soft X-ray Optics Stations .............................................................................................. 76

4B8-VUV Station .............................................................................................................................................. 79

4B9A -XRD station ........................................................................................................................................... 80

4B9B-Photoemission Spectroscopy Station ...................................................................................................... 81

2015 Publications ................................................................................................................................ 84

2015 Major Events ............................................................................................................................ 110

Annual Users Conference of BSRF was held in August 2015 in Xi’an City, Shanxi Province ...................... 110

Seminar on the application of HEPS in Environmental science was held in June 2015 in IHEP.................... 110

Beamline Specs .................................................................................................................................. 111

2015 Operation

1

2015 Operation of BSRF

Two cycles of dedicated synchrotron radiation running were offered in 2015. The first cycle was

from 22nd

June to 31st

July; the second cycle was from 16th

October to 11th

November. The proposals

covered lots of research fields, such as condensed matter physics, life science, chemistry and

chemical engineering, material science, medical science, environmental science, etc. Lots of

experimental results were obtained.

In the first cycle of dedicated synchrotron radiation running, 897.81 hours’ effective beamtime

was offered to users, 292 proposals from 110 research institutes at home and 1 research institutes

abroad were supported. Thanks to the effort made by the researchers of accelerator division, BSRF

successfully ran in Top-up mode on 14th

July with beam current at 250mA±0.1mA, which reached

the international standard. This is an important milestone in BSRF history. Durring the Top-up

running mode from 14th

to 16th

July, all the experimental stations were open to users and the

experimental results were good.

In the second cycle of dedicated synchrotron radiation running, 604.83 hours’ effective

beamtime was offered to users, 270 proposals from 109 research institutes at home and 2 research

institutes abroad were supported. Thanks to the effort made by the researchers of accelerator division,

BSRF kept running in Top-up mode from 28th

October to 11th

November, which has improved both

the stability of the beamlines and the utilization of the beamtime.

Fig.1 (left) Users of 1W1A-Diffuse X-ray Scattering Station were collecting experimental data; (right) Users

of 4B7A-Mid-energy X-ray Station were collecting experimental data.

2015 Operation

2

Fig.2 (left) Proposals areas of BSRF in 2015; (right) User distribution in China in 2015.

Fig. 3 BSRF top-up running status.

2015 Highlights

3

The Summary of the Researches Launched on BSRF

381 articles were published by users in 2015, including one article published in Science, one

article published in Nature and one article published in Cell, 18 articles published in the series

journals of Nature and cell, and 82 articles published in the journals belonging to the first class of the

JCR journal ranking made by CAS. Additionally, the work about “Metal-free efficient photocatalyst

for stable visible water splitting” published in Science was selected as the top ten major scientific

progresses in 2015. Here are some typical examples of users’ researches.

Metal-free efficient photocatalyst for stable visible water splitting

Prof. Kang Zhenhui’ group of Soochow University has published an article “Metal-Free

Efficient Photocatalyst for Stable Visible Water Splitting via a Two-Electron Pathway” in Science

(Science, 2015, 347(6225), 970-974), and introduced the result on high efficient photocatalyst for

stable visible water splitting.

Production of hydrogen and oxygen from water using solar energy is a promising technique to

develop clean and green energy. In the past forty years, a series of photocatalyst for water splitting.

However, it still faces some challenging issues, such as low “solar to hydrogen” (STH) efficiency

and poor stability, which impede its practical application.

A new type of photocatalyst, a metal-free carbon nanodot–carbon nitride (C3N4)

nanocomposite, was reported by the team led by Prof. Kang Zhenhui with their collaborators. The

catalyst comprises low-cost, Earth-abundant, environmentally friendly materials and shows excellent

stability over 200 days. In contrast to the conventional photocatalysts, CDots-C3N4 catalyzes water

splitting to hydrogen and oxygen via the stepwise two-electron/two-electron two-step pathway under

visible light irradiation.C3N4 is responsible for the first step (photocatalysis) decomposing water

into H2O2 and H2, and CDots are responsible for the second step (chemical catalysis) decomposing

H2O2 into H2O and O2. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy of C3N4 (black

trace) and CDots-C3N4 (red trace) at the N 1s line and at the C 1s line were obtained at 4B7B-Soft

X-ray absorption station of BSRF. It demonstrates the interaction between CDots and C3N4 and is

useful to explain the photocatalysis mechanism CDots-C3N4.

CDots also increase the light absorbance and thus the values of QE and STH. The composite

nature of the catalyst provides sufficient proximity between theH2O2 generation sites on the C3N4

surface and the Cdots so that H2O2 decomposition and O2 generation in the second stage become

efficient. A recent U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)–solicited technoeconomical analysis of H2

generation by solar water splitting (3) suggested that PC systems with STH = 5% (not far away from

the 2% efficiency reported above) would allow a H2 production cost of $2.30/kg, which meets the

2015 Highlights

4

DOE target of $4/kg H2. The cheapest PE configuration with STH = 10%, in comparison, allows a

H2 production cost of $5.60/kg H2, more than twice the cost of the PC system

The STH efficiency of CDots-C3N4 photocatalyst is 2% and larger than that previously

reported for any stable water-splitting photocatalysts. According to U.S. Department of Energy

(DOE)–solicited technoeconomical analysis, catalyst with STH = 2% would allow a H2 production

cost of $6/kg which meets the DOE target of $4/kg H2. A further study and development of this new

kind of photocatalyst is significant for Production of hydrogen from water using solar energy.

Fig. 1 (up) The mechanism of CDots-C3N4 splitting water using solar energy；（down）X-ray absorption near edge

structure (XANES) spectroscopy of C3N4 (black trace) and CDots-C3N4 (red trace) at the N 1s line (a) and at the

C 1s line (b).

Article：

Juan Liu, Yang Liu, Naiyun Liu, Yuzhi Han, Xing Zhang, Hui Huang,Yeshayahu Lifshitz*, Shuit-Tong

Lee*,Jun Zhong, Zhenhui Kang, Metal-free efficient photocatalyst for stable visible water splitting via a

two-electron pathway. 2015, 347 (6225), 970-974.

2015 Highlights

5

Orange Zinc Germanate with Metallic Ge-Ge Bonds as a Chromophore-Like

Center for Visible-Light-Driven Water Splitting

With decreasing dimension, materials exhibit properties which bulk materials do not have.

These properties and their related phenomena have attracted more and more attention nowadays.

From the 1960s, bismuth (Bi) has drawn great interest for its low carrier concentration, small

effective carrier mass and large Fermi wavelength. With the given special properties of bulk Bi, one

of the interesting and appealing problems is to manipulate its electronic structure in thin films to

switch Bi from a semimetal to an insulator or semiconductor by the quantum size effect. Although

there have been considerable efforts in electrical conductance and Hall transport as well as Angle

Resolved Photoemission Spect The efficiency of solar-energy-conversion devices depends on the

absorption region and intensity of the photon collectors. Organic chromophores, which have been

widely stabilized on inorganic semiconductors for light trapping, are limited by the interface between

the chromophore and semiconductor. A team from East China University of Science and Technology

has developed a novel orange zinc germinate (Zn-Ge-O) with a chromophore-like structure, by

which the absorption region can be dramatically expanded. Their research has been published on

Angewandet Chemie International Edition on August 20th

2015.

The team synthesized orange zinc germinate with visible-light response, gained the structural

information, and tested the photocatalytic activity under visible irradiation. Structural

characterizations revealed that the orange zinc germinate is amorphous, and the range of absorption

wavelength had been expanded to 700 nm. The bonding structure in orange zinc germinate had

changed compared to crystallized Zn2GeO4. Under visible light, the orange zinc germinate exhibited

excellent activity of photocatalytic water splitting.

2015 Highlights

6

The structural information of orange zinc germanate obtained by 1W1B-XAFS Station of Beijing Synchrotron

Radiation Facility (BSRF). There were metallic Ge-Ge bonds inside the Zn-Ge-O. The length of Ge-Ge bond and

coordination number of Ge-O and Ge-Ge could be achieved by systematic fitting.

The reviewer spoke highly of this work: “The development of orange zinc germanate and

applying it in direct water splitting are novel. The authors indicated that the Ge-Ge metallic bonds

function as chromophore and generate the carriers to drive the photochemical processes. The

communication represents a unique contribution to the recent publications in developing new

catalysts for solar-driven water splitting.”

The research exhibits new sight into the role of bonding structure in narrowing semiconductors’

bandgap, and provides scientific clues for developing new inorganic semiconductor with visible light

response. In this work, BSRF-XAFS provides fine information of the structure. By combining with

DFT theoretic calculations, the Ge-Ge bond can be the origin of visible light response. For in-depth

sight of the structural change during catalytic process, in situ XAFS characterization would

contribute more to the revelation of mechanism.

Article：

Ling Qian, Jian Fu Chen, Yu Hang Li, Long Wu, Hai Feng Wang, Ai Ping Chen, P. Hu, Li Rong Zheng,* and

Hua Gui Yang* Orange Zinc Germanate with Metallic Ge-Ge Bonds as a Chromophore-Like Center for

Visible-Light-Driven Water Splitting. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 11467 –11471.

2015 Highlights

7

Effect of Conjugated Side Chains on High Performance Photovoltaic

Polymers

Donor-Acceptor alternating copolymers with low band gaps have attracted an increasing

amount of attention in the research community because the photovoltaic devices fabricated based on

them show high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) with both high open-circle voltage ( ) and

high short-circuit current ( ). Generally, the photovoltaic performance is mainly determined by the

backbone structures of polymers. However, with the development of studies on side-chain

engineering, side chains were also found to have a great impact on the photovoltaic performance.

Current studies on side chains are mainly restricted to “mono-modification of side chains” that

focuses on the influence of side chains attached to either donor or acceptor unit, neglecting the

interaction between the neighboring units, while studies on side chains attached to both donor and

acceptor unit are relatively rare. Recently, a research group from Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber

and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology

systematically studied the synergic effect of side chains attached to neighboring units by modifying

side chains attached to both donor and acceptor unit. Related research has been published on Journal

of Materials Chemistry A.

The research group studied the effect of different sets of side chains on the photovoltaic

performance of materials by designing and synthesizing four PBDT-DFQx copolymers based on

BDT as donor unit and Qx as acceptor unit of the main chains with p-alkoxyphenyl or 2-alkylthienyl

as conjugated side chains attached to both donor and acceptor unit. The results showed strong

interaction between neighboring side chains. The size and electronic property of side chains have

great impacts on the physical and chemical properties of materials. Among them, the polymer with

two 2-alkylthienyl as side chains showed the broadest light absorption, the lowest bandgap, and the

2015 Highlights

8

highest charge carrier mobility, resulting in the highest PCE of 7.68%.

1W1A-Diffuse X-ray Scattering Station of BSRF was used to measure the microstructure of the

PBDT-DFQx: PC71BM=1:1(w/w) blend films. The results indicated that all the polymer backbones

preferentially stacked out of the film plane (edge-on rich orientation) and strong interaction existed

between the polymers and PC71BM. The interaction inhibited the self-assembly of the fullerene and

induced the aggregation of the polymers. The polymers with thienyl as conjugated side chains

showed the closest π-π stacking and the shortest stacking distance, which corresponded well with the

fact that the polymer PBDT-DFQX-TT with two thienyl as side chains showed the highest charge

transfer ability and the highest PCE of the photovoltaic device.

The main contributor of this research, Prof. Haiqiao Wang from College of Materials Science and

Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, stated, “The effect of side chains on the

photovoltaic performance of devices is intricate. Apart from the chemical structure of the side chains

that affects the photophysical and photochemical properties of the materials, the micro-environment

where the side chains locate in also affects the condensed structure of the materials. Therefore, when

optimizing polymers by side-chain engineering, one must consider every aspect of the factors so as

to achieve high performance photovoltaic polymers. BSRF provides a strong technical support for

our further study on the influence of side chains.”

Photoinduced Isomerization-Driven Structural Transformation Between

Luminescent Decanuclear and Octadecanuclear Gold(I) Sulfido Clusters

Much attention has been paid to the investigation of polynuclear gold(I) complexes through

gold(I)∙∙∙gold(I) interaction-driven self-assembly. Gold(I)∙∙∙gold(I) interaction, which has bond

strengths similar to that of hydrogen bond, has not only supported their diverse structures and

nuclearities, but also endowed them with attractive structure-dependent photophysical properties.

However, an in-depth understanding of the assembly processes and mechanisms is still not clear for

most of the cases. A team from The University of Hong Kong has tried to uncover the information

on the assembly processes and the mechanisms by the incorporation of stimuli-responsive

functionalities into polynuclear gold(I) complexes. An unprecedented cluster transformation

Article：

Meng Wang, Di Ma, Keli Shi, Shaowei Shi, Song Chen, Changjiang Huang, Zi Qiao, Zhi-Guo Zhang,

Yongfang Li, *

Xiaoyu Li *

and Haiqiao Wang *

The Role of Conjugated Side Chains in High Performance

Photovoltaic Polymers.Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3(2015),2802-2814.

2015 Highlights

9

involving a change in the cluster nuclearity has been mediated by light. Their research has been

published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society (JACS) in 2015.

By introducing a photosensitive 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethene (dppee) into the polynuclear

cluster system, photo-induced cis-trans isomerization behavior, together with structure and

nuclearity switching behavior, had been observed in the polynuclear gold(I) cluster system. The

decagold(I) cluster (Au10) could be quantitatively transformed into the octadeca-gold(I) cluster (Au18)

in solution, mediated by the transformation of the organic ligands from cis- to trans-dppee, which

could be monitored by 31

P{1H} NMR, UV-vis absorption and emission spectroscopy.

The determination of the crystal structures of these polynuclear clusters plays a key role in the

understanding of the structural reconfiguration process. The structural information unambiguously

reveals the existence of isomerization and structural transformation. In addition, based on the crystal

structures and other spectral results, the mechanisms of the assembly and transformation processes

are disclosed. This work shows promises to the uncovering of the nature and the mechanism for the

formation of polynuclear gold(I) clusters.

Photoinduced isomerization-driven structural transformation process and structures of polynuclear Au10 and

Au18 clusters. Upon photoirradiation, isomerization of the organic ligands, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethene

(dppee) from the cis to the trans form in polynuclear gold(I) sulfido clusters, led to the structural transformation of

the decagold(I) cluster to the octadecagold(I) cluster. Supported and driven by Au(I)···Au(I) bonding interactions,

the nuclearity and symmetry of these clusters were largely different from each other, resulting in completely

distinct photophysical features.

This work represents the first example of the tuning and the change of nuclearity of the

polynuclear gold(I) clusters induced by photo-irradiation and such photoswitchable transformation of

high-nuclearity gold(I) clusters is the first of its kind. The structure of polynuclear gold(I) clusters

2015 Highlights

10

was obtained at 3W1A beamline of BSRF. This work has provided new insights and a new strategy

to the self-assembly of polynuclear gold(I) clusters and the development of novel luminescent

functional materials at the molecular cluster level. The current work demonstrates that with a fine

and delicate balance of various factors, the assembly, structures and nuclearity of the gold(I) clusters

could be judiciously modulated and controlled. The present work is also anticipated to provide

deeper insights into the design and assembly of polynuclear gold(I) complexes and their

structure-property relationships. The photosensitive and luminescent properties of these polynuclear

gold(I) clusters have rendered them promising candidates for applications as novel photochromic

materials.

New Progress in the Study of Negative Compressibility in Borates

Majority of materials would contract three-dimensionally, when subjected to hydrostatic

pressure. However, very rare materials expand along some direction under hydrostatic pressure,

called negative compressibility. Negative compressibility is a novel intrisic mechanical property of

materials, which not only challenge the common sense about the physical property of materials, but

also have great application potential in many scientific and technical fields, and hence is one of the

most leading topics in materials science for decades. Collaborating with Prof. Wei Li in Huazhong

University of Science and Technology, the group directed by Prof. Zheshuai Lin in Technical

Institute of Physics and Chemistry CAS take the leading in the study of negative compressibility in

borates. Taking advantage of the high pressure powder X-ray diffraction at 4W2 beamline of Beijing

Synchrotron Radiation Facility, combined with first-principles calculation, they discovered the

isotropic negative area compressibility (NAC) in KBBF(KBe2BO3F2) crystal, and confirm the giant

negative linear compressibility (NLC) in BIBO(α-BiB3O6). Meanwhile, they also investigate the

microscopic mechanism of the rare compressive behavior in the two materials. Their research have

been published on July 17th

, 2015 in《Advanced Materials》and August 25th

, 2015 in《Scientific

Report》.

Their study about KBBF(left figure) revealed that it possessed the NAC behavior between 0.22

to 6.39GPa (with the compressibility -1.0(2)/TPa), which is the third inorganic material with this rare

property. The microscopic structure of the anomalous mechanical property originate the concerted

distortion in (BeO3F)5-

tetrahedra, extruded by the rapid collapse between (Be2BO3F2)∞ layers.

Meanwhile, based on the NAC behavior in KBBF, they further proposed its novel application in

Article：

Liao-Yuan Yao and Vivian Wing-Wah Yam* Photoinduced Isomerization-Driven Structural Transformation

Between Decanuclear and Octadecanuclear Gold(I) Sulfido Clusters. Journal of the American Chemical

Society, 137(2015), 3506−3509.

2015 Highlights

11

strain-converting and ultraviolet acoustic-optics device.

Their study about BIBO (right figure) revealed its giant NLC behavior between 0 to 6.5GPa

(with the compressibility -11.7/TPa), which is the largest in inorganic materials. Its NLC behavior is

determined by the peculiar “umbrella-like” topology in BIBO, in which BiO4 is the “umbrella stand”

and BO3 triangle is the rotatable “umbrella surfaces”. More interesting, owing to the long pair

electrons at Bi3+

ion, the space occupied by the “umbrella” unit is further enlarged, and the whole

microstructure is easy to be distorted under pressure and hence lead to giant NLC behavior. The

study verified for the first time that apart from the topological structure of atomic arrangement,

electron distribution is also very critical for the negative compressibility.

The discovery of NAC in KBBF and mechanism of giant negative compressibility in BIBO

have significant implication to the exploration of negative compressibility materials. Famous

materials science media “Materials views” spoke highly of the study about the negative

compressibility in borate: “The present study revives the studies on new functionalities in borates,

which have been long overlooked, and may eventually lead to discoveries of more exciting and

exotic emerging physical properties”. Exactly, in borates, boron and oxygen atoms can form [BO3]

and [BO4] groups, and the further combination of the two groups can produce much more types of

building blocks. This will bring rich structural diversity and novel physical property to borates.

MaterialsView link:

http://www.materialsviews.com/tougher-tough-borate-expands-pressure-please-hold-adma-201502

212/

Left figure: in KBBF, originated from the concerted distortion of (BeO3F)5-

tetrahedra in (Be2BO3F2) ∞ layer,

2015 Highlights

12

(a,b) plane expand with increasing pressure (NAC), and the NAC behavior in KBBF has potential application in

strain-converting and acoustic-optics device. Right figure: the giant NLC behavior of BIBO stem from

“umbrella-like” structure, in which the Bi3+

ions with long pair electron play the role of “umbrella stand” to enlarge

the space required by the rotation between rigid [BO3] and [BO4] group.

A Perfect Rare-earth Triangular Quantum Spin Liquid candidate: YbMgGaO4

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) are novel phases of frustrated spin systems: "Despite the strong

magnetic couplings, the strong quantum fluctuations of the systems prevent any spontaneous

symmetry breaking even at zero absolute temperature." QSLs can possess lots of novel properties,

such as intrinsic topological ordering and fractionalized spin excitations, and had completely capture

the great interest of the modern condensed matter physics in recent decades.

However, a perfect QSL candidate material is still absent. Most of the existing candidates are

suffering from a lot of structural shortcomings, such as magnetic defects, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya

（DM）interactions, and lattice distortions. These shortcomings hinder the further explorations, and

make extracting the intrinsic physics from a real material difficult. Recently, a breakthrough had

been made by Dr. Yuesheng Li and Prof. Qingming Zhang from Remin University of China, with the

cooperation of Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fudan University (Prof. Shiyan Li

's group), High Magnetic Field Laboratory Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Solid State

Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center, and Institute of

High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Science. They first successfully proposed a complete new

and structurally perfect QSL candidate material, YbMgGaO4, without the above structural

shortcomings. This work was published on 10 November 2015 in Scientific Reports.

Article：

Xingxing Jiang, Siyang Luo, Lei Kang, Pifu Gong,

Wenjiao Yao,

Hongwei Huang, Wei Li ,* Rongjin Huang,

Wei

Wang, Yanchun Li, Xiaodong Li, Xiang Wu, Peixiang Lu, * Laifeng Li, Chuangtian Chen, and Zheshuai Lin*,

Isotropic Negative Area Compressibility over Large Pressure Range in Potassium Beryllium Fluoroborate and its

Potential Applications in Deep Ultraviolet Region. Advanced Materials 2015, 27, 4851–4857.

2015 Highlights

13

They first experimentally and clearly confirmed a gapless and magnetically disordered ground

state of YbMgGaO4 almost without residual spin entropy (< 0.6 %) at 60 mK, despite the significant

antiferromagnetic couplings (~ 4 K) (the first requirement of QSLs), and aroused the great attention

of international counterparts. The single crystal work was published in Yuesheng Li etc, Phys. Rev.

Lett. 115, 167203 (2015). Other further experimental works also have been planned to deeply

research its novel spin excitations and spin dynamics at extremely low temperatures.

The exact crystal structure of YbMgGaO4 and LuMgGaO4 powders were first refined using the

synchrotron X-ray radiation diffraction data, obtained from the diffraction station (4B9A) of the

Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF).

paper link：http://www.nature.com/articles/srep16419

Engineering the defect state and reducibility of ceria based nanoparticles

for improved anti-oxidation performance

Due to their excellent anti-oxidation performance, CeO2 nanoparticles receive wide attention in

Article：

Yuesheng Li, Haijun Liao, Zhen Zhang, Shiyan Li, Feng Jin, Langsheng Ling, Lei Zhang, Youming Zou, Li Pi,

Zhaorong Yang, Junfeng Wang, Zhonghua Wu, and Qingming Zhang*, Gapless quantum spin liqiud ground

state in the two-dimensional spin-1/2 triangular antiferromagnet Yb MgGaO4, Sci. Rep. 5, 16419 (2015).

2015 Highlights

14

pharmacological application. Deep understanding of the anti-oxidation mechanism of CeO2

nanoparticles is extremely important to develop potent CeO2 nanomaterials for anti-oxidation

application. However, the anti-oxidation mechanism of CeO2 nanoparticles has remained elusive. A

joint team (Rare Earth Separation and Inorganic Materials of Beijing University and Laboratory of

Energy Storage and Conversion of Huazhong University of Science and Technology) has gained

insight into the anti-oxidation mechanism and modulation of anti-oxidation performance. Their

research has been published on July 3rd

, 2015 in Nanoscale.

This work was devoted to the study on the anti-oxidation mechanism and modulation of

anti-oxidation performance of CeO2 nanoparticles. On this basis, this work also studied the

anti-oxidation protection application of CeO2 nanoparticles in INS-1 cells. The UV-Vis absorption of

CeO2 nanoparticles shifts to red after the addition of H2O2 and the shift extent increases with the

concentration of H2O2. Meanwhile, the coordination number of Ce increases after the addition of

H2O2, and recovers back to near the initial value as the reaction proceeds. In addition, adsorbed

peroxides species are detected during the anti-oxidation process, which are responsible for the

red-shifted absorption spectra of CeO2 nanoparticles. On the basis of these results, the reactivity of

coordination sites for peroxides species is considered to play as a key role in the anti-oxidation

performance of CeO2 nanoparticles. In addition, in this work, the anti-oxidation performance of

CeO2 nanoparticles can be enhanced after Gd3+

doping due to the enhanced coordination and

reducibility.

X-ray absorption fine structure analysis (XAFS) can be contributed to the study on the

anti-oxidation mechanism. Using synchrotron radiation at BSRF, this work monitored the valence

and coordination structure of Ce ions during the anti-oxidation reaction in order to reveal the

anti-oxidation mechanism of CeO2 nanoparticles. The main valence state of Ce in the sample as

determined by XAFS is +4. Meanwhile, the coordination number of Ce increases after the addition

of H2O2, and recovers back to near the initial value as the reaction proceeds. On the basis of these

results, peroxide species are proposed to be able to coordinate with surface Ce ions and decompose

because of the intrinsic redox ability of Ce3+

/Ce4+

pair.

The research provides the scientific community clues to understand the anti-oxidation

2015 Highlights

15

mechanism and modulation of anti-oxidation performance of CeO2 nanoparticles. Synchrotron

sources have helped the team to unveil the change of coordination structure of Ce sites of CeO2

nanoparticles. Prof. Chunhua Yan of Beijing University has been working on the controllable

synthesis and catalytic mechanism of CeO2 nanoparticles. Synchrotron sources can help to reveal the

structure-function relationship of CeO2 nanomaterials as catalysts.

POSS-Containing Jacketed Polymer: Hybrid Inclusion Complex with

Hierarchically Ordered Structures at Sub-10 nm and Angstrom Length Scales

Organic−inorganic hybrid nanomaterials with different length scales, compositions,

functionalities, and morphologies offer prospects for both scientific research and innovative

industrial applications owing to their remarkable, new properties and multifunctional nature.

However, it is quite challenging to obtain hybrid inclusion complexes having well-defined structures

with polymer chains embedded in the channels of inorganic porous materials. A research group from

the Department of Polymer Science and Engineering in the College of Chemistry and Molecular

Engineering at Peking university has designed and synthesized a series of hierarchically ordered

organic−inorganic hybrid polymers from mesogen-jacketed polymers (MJLCPs) and the inorganic

nanoparticle POSS. Their research has been published in Macromolecules on April 28, 2015.

The group synthesized these new organic−inorganic hybrid polymers containing flexible alkyl

spacers of different lengths. The precisely defined chemical structures of the hybrids are ensured by

the covalent linking nature of the POSS-containing styrene-type monomers from which the polymers

were obtained by free radical polymerization. The intriguing phase structures of the MJLCPs

containing the 3D POSS nanobuilding blocks in the side chains were formed from the competitive

self-assemblies of the MJLCP and the POSS nanobuilding block. Furthermore, flexible spacers with

different lengths are used to tune the self-assembled structures, and a high POSS content is necessary

for forming the crystalline POSS matrix of the inclusion complex.

Article：

Yan-Jie Wang, Hao Dong, Guang-Ming Lyu, Huai-Yuan Zhang, Jun Ke, Li-Qun Kang, Jia-Li Teng, Ling-Dong

Sun,* Rui Si, Jing Zhang, Yan-Jun Liu,* Ya-Wen Zhang, Yun-Hui Huang* and Chun-Hua Yan*, Engineering the

defect state and reducibility of ceria based nanoparticles for improved anti-oxidation performance, Nanoscale,

2015, 7, 13981-13990.

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16

Structures of these new organic−inorganic hybrid polymers, determined at 4.49 nm using synchrotron

radiation at BSRF. In these polymers, POSS was connected to polymer main-chain covalently. The diameter of

POSS is ~1 nm, while the size of each repeating unit is ~0.25 nm. Therefore, the polymer chain is surrounded by

eight POSS units, making the polymer chain rod-like to form hexagonal columnar (Colh) phase with a = 4.49 nm.

The intriguing phase structure of the MJLCP containing the 3D POSS nanobuilding block is

formed from the competitive and synergetic self-assemblies of the MJLCP chain as a whole and the

POSS nanobuilding block. In addition, the length of the flexible spacer offers a way to control the

structure of the resulting polymer. The competitive effect is dominant in the polymer with a shorter

flexible spacer, and the POSS crystal and the polymer liquid crystalline (LC) phase could not coexist

with each other. However, the competitive effect is rather weak in the polymer with a longer flexible

spacer. The synergetic effect of the POSS crystal and the LC phase results in the formation of the

Colh phase at sub−10 nm scale with the polymer main-chain inserting into the POSS matrix, and the

POSS units form the rhombohedral crystalline structure (KR) on the angstrom scale simultaneously.

In the work, the technique carried out at 1W2A-SAXS station of BSRF plays a vitally important

role in resolving the complex, hierarchical structures of the abovementioned inclusion complexes.

Prof. Xinghe Fan and Prof. Zhihao Shen in the Department of Polymer Science and Engineering of

the College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering at Peking University believe that this work may

open a new avenue for preparing polymer materials with hierarchically ordered structures on the

sub-10 nm scale owing to the large variety of functional polymers and nanobuilding blocks.

2015 Highlights

17

Thermoreversible Ion Gel with Tunable Modulus Self-Assembled by a Liquid

Crystalline Triblock Copolymer in Ionic Liquid

Ion gels are made from polymeric networks swollen in ionic liquids (ILs). Recently they have

attracted a great deal of attention because of their stability, non-volatility, high conductivity, and

simulative responsiveness. They are widely used in electronics, actuators, and gas separation. A

research group from the Department of Polymer Science and Engineering in the College of

Chemistry and Molecular Engineering at Peking university has prepared thermo-responsive ion gels

from ABA triblock copolymers containing a side-chain liquid crystalline (LC) as end-block A and

poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as the mid-block B. Their research has been published in

Macromolecules on July 28, 2015.

The group synthesized ABA triblock copolymers, AOA-n (n = 0, 12, where n is the number of

carbons in the side-chain spacer), and prepared ion gels by mixing the triblock copolymers with a

room-temperature IL, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsufonyl)imide

([EMIM][TFSI]). The triblock copolymer AOA-12 with a long spacer shows liquid crystallinity,

while AOA-0 is not liquid crystalline. The microphase-separated nanostructure of the ion gels with

relatively high concentrations of AOA-12 changes with the concentration of the polymer. By

incorporating the azobenzene mesogen in the side chains, transparent AOA-n/[EMIM][TFSI] ion

gels are obtained with concentrations of the polymer as low as around 2 wt%. The ion gels obtained

have storage moduli as high as ∼10 kPa, while the conductivities are close to that of the pure IL.

Furthermore, the storage modulus of the AOA-12/IL ion gel can be tuned by temperature because of

the thermotropic phase behavior of the LC block.

Article：

Yu-Feng Zhu, Wei Liu, Meng-Yao Zhang, Yu Zhou, Yu-Dong Zhang, Ping-Ping Hou, Yu Pan, Zhihao Shen,*

Xing-He Fan,* and Qi-Feng Zhou POSS-Containing Jacketed Polymer: Hybrid Inclusion Complex with

Hierarchically Ordered Structures at Sub-10 nm and Angstrom Length Scales. Macromolecules 48(2015),

2358–2366.

2015 Highlights

18

The thermo-responsiveness of both the storage modulus and the loss modulus of the AOA-12/IL ion gel is

correlated with the phase transition of the LC polymer in the ABA triblock copolymer.

In the work，because of the relatively low concentration of the liquid crystalline block in the

ionic gels, it was difficult to analyze the them using the in-house X-ray equipment. Synchrotron

radiation of the beamline 1W2A at BRSF played an important role in the resolution of two key

problems. On the one hand, the diffraction peak with q = 1.83 nm−1

corresponding to the LC ordering

is also present in the ionic gels, implying that the LC phase of the LC polymer is retained in the ion

gels. On the other hand, temperature-dependent SAXS measurements during heating from 30 to

150 °C were also conducted on the AOA-12/IL samples, and the SAXS profiles are barely changed

throughout the entire experimental temperature range, indicating that the nanostructures of the ion

gels remain unchanged and that the change in the storage modulus of the ion gel is correlated with

the phase transition of the LC block. Prof. Zhihao Shen in the Department of Polymer Science and

Engineering of the College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering at Peking University believes

that the abovementioned ion gels are potentially useful as high-temperature ionic membranes or

thermal-responsive soft actuators.

Article：

Yudong Zhang, Xinghe Fan, Zhihao Shen, Qifeng Zhou Thermoreversible Ion Gel with Tunable Modulus

Self-Assembled by a Liquid Crystalline Triblock Copolymer in Ionic Liquid. Macromolecules 48(2015),

4927–4935.

2015 Highlights

19

Electronic Properties of Ce3+

-Doped Sr3Al2O5Cl2: A Combined Spectroscopic and

Theoretical Study

The energy level structure formation of phosphors is the key issue to investigate and predict the

superb luminescence properties of relevant lanthanide doped into lattice. However, the

distinguishment of the dopant Ce3+

5d energy with different surrounding coordination environment

has limited the further study on its potential application when Ce3+

is doped into host lattice with

multi-cationic sites. Recently, a team from school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Sun

Yat-sen University cooperating with Professor L. X. Ning from Anhui Normal University has gained

insight into the urgent issue and discussed the correlation between quantum calculation and

experimental result. Their research has been published in J. Phys. Chem. C. (J. Phys. Chem. C 2015,

119, 6785−6792)

Photoluminescence properties of Ce-doped Sr3Al2O5Cl2 crystals prepared by a solid-state

reaction method are first investigated with excitation energies in the vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) to

ultraviolet (UV) range measured at BSRF (Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility) 4B8 experiment

station. Six bands are observed in the excitation spectrum of the Ce3+

5d→4f emission at 15 K. The

highest energy band is attributed to the host excitonic absorption, from which the band gap energy of

the host is estimated to be around 7.2 eV. The four lowest energy bands are assigned to the 4f1→5d1-4

transitions of Ce3+

located on the three distinct Sr2+

sites in Sr3Al2O5Cl2 with almost equal probability,

based on a comparison between excitation band maxima energies and 4f →5d transition energies

obtained from wave-function-based CASSCF/CASPT2 calculations with spin-orbit coupling on

Ce-centered embedded clusters. The 4f1→5d5 transition, not observed in the low-temperature

excitation spectrum, is found to be overshadowed by a nearby defect-related excitonic absorption.

On the basis of present experimental and calculated results for Ce-doped Sr3Al2O5Cl2, the

energy-level diagram for the 4f ground states and the lowest 5d states of all trivalent and divalent

2015 Highlights

20

lanthanide ions on the Sr2+

sites of Sr3Al2O5Cl2 is constructed and discussed in association with

experimental findings. By the combination with quantum calculation result and experimental spectral

information, the researchers consider that it provides new opportunities for dealing with the

complicated identification of Ce3+

5d energy in lattice with multi-cationic sites.

VUV-vis Photoluminescence, X-ray Radioluminescence and Energy

Transfer Dynamics of Ce3+

and Pr3+

Doped LiCaBO3

Rare earth doped inorganic crystal has been widely used as an important scintillator in several

technologies, such as high energy radiation detection and medical imaging. Recently, with the

development of a next generation of time-of-flight PET (Positron Emission Tomography) scanners,

it’s urgently demanded that an ultrafast scintillator with shorter decay time and more light output. For

this consideration, lanthanide ions Ce3+

and Pr3+

possesing fast f-d emission doped inorganic hosts

with suitable crystal field strength are thought as a kinds of promising candidates. Under this

guideline, Professor Liang’s team from Sun Yat-sen University has studies the luminescence

properties of Ce3+

/Pr3+

doped LiCaBO3 phosphor in detail. And their research has been published in

Journal of Materials Chemistry C on August 4th

, 2015.

(a) Crystal structure of host LiCaBO3 and Ca2+

ion coordinate environment; (b) Excitation spectra of Ce3+

/Pr3+

singly and doubly doped samples; (c) Analysis on energy transfer from Pr3+

to Ce3+

.

Article：

Rui Shi, Minmin Qi, Lixin Ning*, Fengjuan Pan, Lei Zhou, Weijie Zhou, Yucheng Huang, Hongbin Liang

*.

Combined Experimental and Ab Initio Study of Site Preference of Ce3+

in SrAl2O4. Journal of Physical

Chemistry C, 2015, 119 (33), 19326-19332.

2015 Highlights

21

The VUV-UV excitation spectra in Fig. (b) was recorded with the help of synchrotron radiation

at BSRF, which provides a powerful support for studying the crystal field splitting of lanthanide ion

5d states and proving the energy transfer from Pr3+

to Ce3+

.

In this work, a series of LiCaBO3: Ce3+

/Pr3+

phosphors were prepared by a high-temperature

solid state reaction method. The VUV-UV excitation spectra was collected with the help of

synchrotron radiation at BSRF, which provides a powerful support for studying the crystal field

splitting of lanthanide ion 5d states and proving the energy transfer from Pr3+

to Ce3+

. Then applying

I-H (Inokuti-Hirayama) and Built-Up model, the decay curves of Pr3+

and Ce3+

was analyzed and

fitting to obtain the detailed energy transfer parameters, respectively. This will offer us a deep insight

into the energy transfer process between Pr3+

and Ce3+

and guide the following work on ultrafast

scintillator searching.

The structure change of Ce-based metallic glasses under high pressure

Polyamorphousim has been observed for a long time in some glasses involving directional and

open coordination environments (such as ice, silica, silicon and chalcogenide glasses). However, it is

not evidenced that the polyamorphous can exist in metallic glasses (MGs) which have a very densely

packed structure without directional coordination until the work of Sheng in 2007（Nature 6,

192–197（2007））Nevertheless, the nature of the polyamorphousim in MGs,such as the 4f electron

delocalization mechanism and the change of short-to-medium range ordered structures under

pressure is poorly understood. Furthermore, it is worth noting that the polyamorphic transformation

process in all the previous reported metallic glass systems is gradual and occurs in a broad pressure

range. Therefore, whether the polyamorphic transition nature is of first order in the amorphous

metallic system is ambiguous.

Figure 1. Illustration of hierarchical densification of Ce-based metallic glass. The smallest cyan ball represents

Article:

Weijie Zhou, Dejian Hou, Fengjuan Pan, Bingbing Zhang, Pieter Dorenbos, Yan Huang, Ye Tao, Hongbin

Liang.* VUV-vis Photoluminescence, X-ray Radioluminescence and Energy Transfer Dynamics of Ce

3+ and Pr

3+

Doped LiCaBO3. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2015, 3(35), 9161-9169.

2012 Highlights

22

the Ce atom, the mediumsized colour (orange and blue) ball represents the solute-centred cluster (S) and the largest

colour (orange and blue) ball represents the supercluster (E).

Recently, a group in Tongji University reported the densification processes of metallic glass

Ce65Co25Al10 (fabricated by melt-spinning technique) under high pressure both at room

temperature (293 K) and 390 K, which is near the glass transition temperature (Tg~396 K), using in

situ high-pressure synchrotron X-ray measurements performed at Beamline at Beamline 4W2 of the

BSRF in Beijing. The group observed a hierarchical densification processes (from low density

amorphous state, through medium density amorphous state, to high density amorphous state) at both

temperatures, arising from the inherent structural inhomogeneity and hierarchy of interatomic

interactions.That is, different degree of contribution from changes of free volume zone, medium

range order and short range order. The low density amorphous state-to-low density amorphous state

transformation, which primarily is related to the shortening of the weak Ce-Ce bonds among the

solute-cantered clusters and does not undergo significant change in short-range order, is similar to

the first-order isostructural α-γ transition of pure Ce. In contrast, the medium density amorphous

state-to-high density amorphous state transformation, associated with the change of short-range

order, is somehow similar to the normal polymorphic transition in crystals involving a distinct

change of the unit cell. During the densification process, the special 4f electron delocalization of the

Ce atoms assists largely in the bond shortening. Moreover, a relatively discontinuous change of

volume is observed around 5.5GPa when the experiment was performed at 390 K, while only a

smooth and continuous change is observed at room temperature (293K). The discontinuous change

in volume implies a possible first-order-like nature of the polyamorphic transformation, which is

hidden thus far in previous experiments due to kinetic sluggishness at lower temperatures. In

addition, the Ce65Co25Al10MG shows abnormal-negative thermal expansion under a pressure

range of 0.6–9.0GPa, which could arise from a combination of the relaxation (minor role) and tilting

or rocking motions of the tightly bonded polyhedral clusters linking to weakest atom zones. The

pressure-induced variation of the hierarchical bonding, will exert significant impacts on the

mechanical, dynamics and glass transition of various MG systems, due to their strong dependence on

both the short range order, medium range order and linkage-atom (free volume) zones.

Nanostructure and Linear Rheological Response of Comb-like Copolymer

PSVS-g-PE Melts: The Influences of Branching Densities and Branching Chain

Length

It is a hot topic how polymer architecture affect the microstructures and properties of polymer

materials. For the comb-like copolymers, both the lengths and densities of branches could influence

melt property. Currently, long-chain branched polymers with low graft density (below 100 branches

per 10000 backbone carbon atom) and bottlebrush polymers (poly(macromonomer)s) with very high

Article:

Q. Luo, G. Garbarino, B. Sun, D. Fan, Y. Zhang, Z. Wang, Y. Sun, J. Jiao, X. Li, P. Li, N. Mattern, J. Eckert & J.

Shen，Hierarchical densification and negative thermal expansion under high pressure in Ce-based metallic glass.

Nature communications 6, 5703-5711(2015).

2012 Highlights

23

graft density (above 2000 branches per 10000 backbone carbon atom) have been studied in detail.

However, what will happen for the comb-like copolymers with branching degree in the range of

more than 100 branches per 10000 backbone carbon atom but lower than that of

poly(macromonomer)s? What will happen when the backbone and side chain are incompatibility? A

team from The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry of Changchun Institute of

Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has studied this problem in detail. Their research

has been published on October 8th

, 2015 in Macromolecules.

The team found that PSVS-g-PE copolymers with low branching density (115-125 branch

chains per 10000 backbone carbon atom) showed a microphase-separated structure at the melt state,

and a typical rheological characteristic for network-like structure was observed; PSVS-g-PE sample

with high branching density (880-1225 branch chains per 10000 backbone carbon atom) showed

homogeneous phase structure and normal rheological behavior. At the same time, the type of

microphase-separated structure at the melt state strongly influences the applicability of the

time-temperature superposition (TTS) principle.

The morphology of graft copolymers was characterized by SAXS performed at beamline 1W2A,

BSRF, Beijing, China. There were not obvious peaks in the SAXS profile of scattering intensity for

all the comb-like copolymers with high branching density, implying that there was no the formation

of microphase separated structures in these melts. In contrary, there was a broad primary peak in the

SAXS profiles, indicating the presence of microphase separation structure in these melts. The

microphase separated structures change from lamellar-like structure to disorganized sphere-like

structure with the lengths of branches increasing based on the spacing and intensity ratios, which

have been confirmed by high temperature AFM observation. In all, the lengths and densities of

branches in comb-like copolymers could influence melt morphology.

This work provides a scientific clue for farther understanding the relationship between nonlinear

topological structure and microscopic morphology. In this work, the synchrotron sources have helped

the team to analysize specific microphase separated structure of comb-like copolymers PSVS-g-PE

2012 Highlights

24

in detail, providing strong evidence for studying the relationship among branch structure,

morphology, and melt rheological property.

This work was cited by the famous polymer physicist, Frank S. Bates, at ACS Macro

Lett.(2016,5,407): “Varying the backbone length and the size, composition, and density of the grafted

chains will influence the rheological and mechanical properties”.

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00091.

Enhanced efficiency in polymer solar cells via hydrogen plasma treatment of ZnO

electron transport layers

Polymer bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells have broad prospect of application because of the

advantages of low cost, suitable for mass-production by roll-to-roll, being mechanically flexible and

light weight. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of polymer BHJ solar cells still needs

to be improved for commercial application. A team from Key Lab of Semiconductor Materials

Science in Chinese Academy of Sciences has demonstrated that hydrogen plasma (H-plasma)

treatment of ZnO electron transport layers (ETL) is an effective way to enhance the PCE of polymer

BHJ solar cells. Their research has been published on November 18rd, 2014 in Journal of Materials

Chemistry A.

ZnO has been regarded as one of the most promising ETL due to the advantages of high

electron mobility, good transparency and low work function. The work function of ZnO is about

3.99-4.5 eV, and it matches well with the energy level of electron donors and cathodes in BHJ solar

cells. In previous work of the team, they found that the H-plasma can enhance the conductivity of

ZnO films, improve their transmittance, and reduce their work function. Therefore, it can be

predicted that the PCE can be improved effectively via H-plasma treatment of ZnO ETL. However,

there has been no report concerning improving the PCE of BHJ solar cells via H-plasma treatment of

ZnO ETL. The team systemically investigated the effect of H-plasma treatment of ZnO ETL on the

performance of BHJ solar cells for the first time. They found that the open circuit voltage (VOC) of

the BHJ solar cells was dramatically improved to 0.670 V after H-plasma treatment, and the PCE of

BHJ solar cells has been enhanced by 27%.

Article：

Yichao Lin, Yanhui Wang, Jun Zheng, Kun Yao, Haiying Tan, Yaotao Wang, Tao Tang,* Donghua Xu

*

Nanostructure and Linear Rheological Response of Comb-like Copolymer PSVS-g-PE Melts: The Influences of

Branching Densities and Branching Chain Length. Macromolecules 48(2015), 7640-7648.

2015 Highlights

25

26.4 26.0 25.6 12 10 8 6 4 2 0

Inte

ns

ity

(a

.u.)

Inte

ns

ity

(a

.u.)

as-growth

H-plasma

EF

Zn 4s

Binding energy E-EF (eV)

Zn 3d

O 2p

EV

(a) Schematic of the photovoltaic device structure consisting of the following:

ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:PCBM/ZnO/Al; (b) UPS spectra of the ZnO films with and without H-plasma treatment.

The work function of ZnO film before H-plasma treatment is 4.13 eV, and after H-plasma treatment it reduced to

3.98 eV. The data were collected at beam line 4B9B of BSRF with the photon energy of 30 eV.

Synchrotron sources helped the team to uncover the microscopic origin of the PCE

enhancement. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) measured at beam line 4B9B of Beijing

Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF) reveals that the secondary electron cutoff in the treated

sample shifts toward a higher binding energy, indicating that H-plasma treatment reduces the work

function of ZnO. The work function of ZnO can be determined from: Φ = hν – (ECutoff - EFeimi), where

hν is the photon energy (30eV), EFeimi is the Fermi level, and ECutoff is the inelastic

high-binding-energy cutoff, which can be extracted using a linear extrapolation of the high-binding

energy cutoff region of the UPS spectra. The work functions of the ZnO flms are calculated to be

4.13 eV and 3.98 eV before and after H-plasma treatment, respectively. The reduction in ZnO work

function after H-plasma treatment is attributed to the formation of surface dipoles and/or the up-shift

of the Fermi level. In polymer BHJ solar cells, the VOC has a linear relationship with the HOMO

(donor) – LUMO (acceptor) energy gap, and it is affected by the work function of the cathode, which

can be modified by interfacial layers. Therefore, after H-plasma treatment of ZnO ETL, the VOC of

polymer BHJ solar cell is enhanced from 0.612 V to 0.670 V, resulting in the PCE of the device

being improved from 3.03% to 3.84%.

Article：

Hong Li Gao, Xing Wang Zhang,* Jun Hua Meng, Zhi Gang Yin, Liu Qi Zhang, Jin Liang Wu and Xin Liu

Enhanced efficiency in polymer solar cells via hydrogen plasma treatment of ZnO electron transport layers. J.

Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, 3719-3725

2015 Highlights

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Revealing Chemical Origin of Silver-Nanoparticle Safety by Synchrotron

Radiation-Analytical Techniques

Compared to the bulk silver, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have a smaller size and larger surface

area that enable them ability of quick degradation into ions and strong reactivity, and excellent

antibacterial property. AgNPs have been thus widely used in antimicrobial products such as medical

dressing, articles for babies, and coatings for food packing, refrigerator, and clothing. However,

AgNPs are prone to release silver ion in environment and body fluids, which probably causes risks to

environment and health. Nowadays, public and the government have paid close attentions to the

safety of AgNPs and the dosage range for safe usage. To understand AgNP safety, it is crucial to the

correlate biological effects of AgNPs with their potential chemical mechanism such as the chemical

transformation during intracellular processes of NPs.

However, it is a grand challenge to capture a high-resolution image of metallic NPs in a single

cell and the chemical information on intracellular NPs.

Recently, Prof. Chunying Chen’s group has successfully revealed the chemical origin of AgNP

cytotoxicity by integrating synchrotron radiation (SR) beam transmission X-ray microscopy

(SR-TXM) and SR-X-ray absorption near edge structure (SR-XANES) spectroscopy. In this study,

SR-TXM can in situ capture the intracellular 3D accumulation and exocytosis of AgNPs inside a

2015 Highlights

27

single human monocyte (THP-1), while SR-XANES is capable of revealing the chemical

transformation of silver inside cells. The result shows that the cytotoxicity of AgNPs is largely due to

the chemical transformation of particulate silver from elemental silver (Ag0)n, to Ag

+ ions and Ag-O-,

then Ag-S- species. As a result, Ag-S- speciation triggers mitochondrion-involved apoptosis and

induces reactive oxygen species to cause cytotoxicity. The study indicates that particulate form of

AgNPs, their degraded forms, and the induced ROS play synergetic roles in mediating AgNP

cytotoxicity to human monocytes. The present study shows us with an advanced approach for

nondestructive detection of intracellular metallic and metal oxide NPs, which provides direct

information to reveal the chemical mechanisms of nanotoxicity for nanosafety assessment and

application fields. The study will help us understand biomedical effects of AgNPs and will guide the

design and synthesis of AgNPs for safe applications. More details about this work can be found in

ACS Nano 2015, 9, 6532-6547.

It was financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China, the National

Natural Science Foundation of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Synchrotron

Radiation Facility, and Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility.

Structure and Catalytic Activities of Ferrous Centers Confined on the

Interface between Carbon Nanotubes and Humic acid

Preparation of heterogeneous catalysts with active ferrous centers is of great significance for

industrial and environmental catalytic processes. Nanostructured carbon materials, which possess

free flowing π electrons, can coordinate with transition metals, provide a confinement environment

for catalysis, and act as potential supports or ligands to construct analogous complexes. However,

designing

such catalysts using NCM is still seldom studied to date. Herein, we synthesized a sandwich

structured ternary complex via the coordination of Fe-loaded humic acid (HA) with C=C bonds in

the aromatic rings of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), in which the O/N–Fe–C interface configuration

provides the confinement environment for the ferrous sites. Their research has been published in

Nanoscale, 2015, 7, 2651-2658.

The team utilize Fe-loaded humic acid (HA) as a ligand to interact with CNTs and synthesize a

Article:

Liming Wang, Tianlu Zhang, Panyun Li, Wanxia Huang, Jinglong Tang, Pengyang Wang, Jing Liu, Qingxi

Yuan, Ru Bai, Bai Li, Kai Zhang, Yuliang Zhao, Chunying Chen.*

Use of Synchrotron Radiation-Analytical

Techniques to Reveal Chemical Origin of Silver-Nanoparticle Cytotoxicity. ACS Nano 9 (2015), 6532-6547.

2015 Highlights

28

ternary sandwich-type HA/Fe-CNT complex, which can confine the active ferrous centers at the

interface between HA and CNTs. HA molecules possess rich oxygen/nitrogen-containing functional

groups in the aromatic rings; thus, they can interact with CNTs via π–π stacking and provide

coordination sites for iron cations as well. The synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectroscopy

(XAS) studies reveal that the distorted octahedrally or tetrahedrally coordinated geometry contribute

to the stabilization of ferrous sites. The quantitative analysis of XPS suggests that about 44.9% of Fe

exists as Fe(II) species in the HA/Fe-CNT complex. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure

(EXAFS) oscillations of Fe K-edge revealed the first shell of HA/Fe-CNT yields a Fe–O bond

distance of 1.93 Å and Fe–C of 2.09 Å; moreover, the coordination numbers are 3.88 for Fe–O

( from two H2O molecule and one carboxylate group) and 2.02 for Fe–C, which correspond with the

six-coordinated Fe model with four Fe–O and two Fe–C coordination. The C K-edge XANES

spectra, a strong hybridization between CNT C π* and Fe 3d orbitals occurs, which is beneficial for

charge redistribution between them. The density functional theory (DFT) calculation shows that the

ternary system (HA/Fe-CNT) possesses higher chemical stability than binary systems (CNT-Fe or

HA-Fe). The HA/Fe-CNT complex shows high catalytic activities for the activation of O2 and H2O2,

which can be applied in the oxidative degradation of phenol red (PR) and bisphenol A (BPA) in

aqueous media.

Synchrotron radiation techniques provide crucial insights into the mechanism of O2 activation

that the octahedrally or tetrahedrally coordinated geometry at Fe center and the strong hybridization

between CNT C * and Fe 3d orbitals induces the charge discretization of the aromatic rings on

CNTs, which facilitates O2 adsorption and electron transfer from carbon to O2, thus enhances O2

activation. The reviewer evaluated that this work is a highly significant advance that is able to

expand research into the carbon nanomaterials and other transitional metals. Moreover, HA is a

naturally occurring organic substance; thus, the complex HA/Fe-CNTs can be obtained on a large

scale using facile, economical, and green strategies.

2015 Highlights

29

Structural parameters of the HA/Fe-CNTs catalyst and the mechanism of O2activation. (a) The structural

parameters and (b) geometry of HA/Fe-CNTs catalyst; (c) mechanism of O2activation by HA/Fe-CNTs

Article:

Structure and catalytic activities of ferrous centers confined on the interface between carbon nanotubes and humic

acid. Bing Wang, Xiaoyan Zhou, Dongqi Wang,

Jun-Jie Yin,

Hanqing Chen, Xingfa Gao, Jing Zhang, Kurash

Ibrahim, Zhifang Chai, Weiyue Feng* and Yuliang Zhao Nanoscale 7 (2015), 2651-2658.

2015 Highlights

30

Cysteine–Ag Cluster Hydrogel Confirmed by Experimental and Numerical

Studies

Noble metal clusters are composed of several to hundreds of atoms with ultrasmall size ( < 2

nm), including Ag3、Ag4、Au25 etc. The determinant chromophore can be tunable from ultraviolet

to near-infrared fluorescence with high quantum yield. More important, the surface functionalization

of cluster is promising for the cell targeting imaging. Very recently, the noble metal clusters have

attracted much attention as a new material for cell imaging. The researchers from the nanoimaging

and nanomedicine group (institute of high energy physics) have constructed a novel hydrogel system

based on Ag3 cluster coated by the native cysteine (Cys) amino acid. They characterized the

physicochemical properties and the formation mechanisms of the hydrogel by the combination

method of experimental and numerical studies. The results have been published in small, 2015, 11

(38), 5118-25.

The researchers have found three factors to ensure the self-assembly of Cys coating Ag3, and

result in the hydrogel. First, the Ag–S bonds make Cys and Ag3 form Cys-Ag3-Cys monomer.

Second, intermolecular hydrogen bonds between carboxyl groups of adjacent monomer push them

self-assembled. Third, more monomers precisely self-assemble to produce the –[Cys-Ag3-Cys]n

multimer, e.g., a single molecular chain with the left-handed helix conformation, via a benign

thermodynamic process. These multimers entangle together to form micro-network to trap water and

produce hydrogel in situ. For the biomedical application, the hydrogen bonds of hydrogel are

sensitive to thermal and proton stimuli, and the hydrogel presents lysosome targeting properties via

fluorescent imaging with biocompatibility.

2015 Highlights

31

On the basis of the SAXS (BSRF, 1W2A), the researchers have studied the microstructure of the

hydrogel. 2D SR-SAXS patterns of the hydrogel and blank Cys aqueous solution were investigated

in details. The integrated SR-SAXS patterns of the hydrogel reveals two peaks in diagram c, with

one at 0.3 (d ≈ 3.3 nm) and the other at 0.6 (d ≈ 1.7 nm). In the SR-SAXS pattern, the 3.3 nm

spacing is comparable to the length between the first Ag3 and the third Ag3 in helix pitch of ≈ 2.8

nm from the theoretical simulation, and the 1.7 nm spacing corresponded to the spacing between

adjacent Ag3 from the DFT calculation (1.5 nm) in diagram a and from HRTEM images (1.6 nm)

along the backbone of [Cys-Ag3-Cys]n in diagram b. The small difference between the

SR-SAXS/HRTEM and simulation results is acceptable when the experimental error is taken into

consideration along with [Cys-Ag3-Cys]n multimer conformation relaxation in solution compared

with the trimer in the numerical simulation.

（http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/smll.201501245）

This study has provided an important clue to understand the process and mechanism of the hydrogel

formation. In this research, the synchrotron light source (BSRF) helps to uncover the microstructure

and the repeated unit information of the hydrogel, which provides a very good assistance for the

design of cluster based hydrogel for the biomedical applications.

Oxygen Vacancy-Induced Room Temperature Ferromagnetism and

Magnetoresistance in Fe-Doped In2O3 Films

Recently, spintronics with both the electronic charge and spin characteristic has become the

research hot topics. If wishing to achieve the excellently spintronic devices, the preparation of dilute

magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) with good room temperature ferromagnetism is important. In2O3 is

a technologically important n-type wide band-gap (3.75eV) semiconductor with high electronic

carrier concentration, mobility, high optical transparency and good gas sensing properties, and

become a promising material for building spintronic devices. Moreover, the origin and mechanism of

the observed ferromagnetism in In2O3 based DMSs is still under intense debate, especially for the

correlation among the doped magnetic ions, carriers and structural defects (O vacancies or In

interstitials). So, it is important to clarify the mechanisms responsible for the ferromagnetic order in

In2O3-based DMSs. A team from Tianjin university of technology systematically investigated the

local structures and electronic structures of doped Fe ions as well as the correlation with the

Article:

Yanyan Cui, Yaling Wang* and Lina Zhao

*, Cysteine–Ag Cluster Hydrogel Confirmed by Experimental and

Numerical Studies, Small 2015, 11 (38), 5118-25.

2015 Highlights

32

structural defects, and further investigates the corresponding magnetic and transport properties in the

Fe-doped In2O3 films. Their research has been published on March 15th

, 2015 in the Journal of

Physical Chemistry C.

-1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

7110 7125 7140 7155

FeIn1

+2VO

FeIn1

+VO

XA

NE

S (

a.u

.)

Energy (eV)

FeIn1

x=0.09A B

-1.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2

0.9990

0.9995

1.0000

1.0005

1.0010

1.0015 10K

15K

20K

30K

x=0.09

x=0.09

x=0.07

x=0.03

M (

em

u/c

m3)

H (T)

The team prepared the Fe doped In2O3 films with good room ferromagnetism by RF-magnetron

sputtering technique, and the saturated magnetization (Ms) increases monotonically with the increase

of Fe concentration. The Fe-K edge XANES measurement carried out 4B9A-XRD station of BSRF

as well as full multiple-scattering ab initio calculations reveal that Fe dopant atoms are

substitutionally incorporated into In2O3 lattice with a mixed-valence (Fe2+

/Fe3+

) and form FeIn1+2VO

complex with the O vacancy in the nearest coordination shell. The Mott variable range hopping

(VRH) transport behavior dominates the conduction mechanism of the films at low temperature,

confirming that the carriers are localized. The Fe doping has profound effects on the positive and

negative MR contributions. The positive MR contribution becomes more pronounced with Fe doping,

reflecting the occurrence of spin polarization and stronger s-d exchange interaction. The bound

magnetic polarons (BMPs) associated with oxygen vacancy can be considered to play an important

role in achieving the ferromagnetic order of the (In1-xFex)2O3 films. The relevant research can

provide the importance scientific evidence for mediating the magnetic properties of DMSs and will

be very helpful for the design and preparation of new type of spintronics devices.

Article:

Yukai. An*, Yuan. Ren, Dongyan. Yang, Zhonghua Wu, Jiwen. Liu

*, Oxygen vacancy-induced room temperature

ferromagnetismand magnetoresistance in Fe-doped In2O3 films, J. Phys. Chem. C 119 (2015) 4414-4421.

2015 Highlights

33

Hybridization and pore engineering for achieving high-performance lithium

storage of carbide as anode material

Transition metal carbides have been widely used in catalysts area owing to their appealing

chemical and physical properties including high melting point, high electrical conductivities,

excellent mechanical stability and chemical stability, and the resistance against corrosion under

reaction conditions. Recently, their applications in energy fields such as oxygen reduction reactions,

hydrogen production and lithium ion batteries have received intensively investigated. With regards to

their promising application in lithium ion batteries, most of the related research works refer to

two-dimensional (2D) layered carbides. However, their limited capacities due to intrinsic structure

features greatly hinder the practice applications. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop other

non-layered carbide electrode materials with high specific capacity for lithium ion batteries. A team

from Beijing Institute of Technology reported on the successful synthesis of hierarchically

porous Mo2C/C hybrid comprised with nanoparticels (4~7 nm) by a simple and effective

freeze-drying method. Additionally, the structure characterization and Li-storage mechanism were

also intensitively investigated. This research work has been published in the journal of Nano Energy

on Dec., 2015.

(a) XANES spectra and (b) the corresponding derived differential spectra of the HP-Mo2C-C hybrid, Mo2C

and Mo foil. (c) Cell performance of the HP-Mo2C-C hybrid at 100 mA g-1

.

As the anode material, the as-synthesized carbide hybrid exhibits excellent cycling stability and

high specific capacity. Among all the reported transition metal carbides-based electrode materials,

the current material with this level of performance is the first time. In addition, the possible

2015 Highlights

34

Li-storage mechanism and the reason for its superior performance were also proposed accoring to the

related experimental results. In this work, Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF) was used

to investigate the interaction between Mo2C and C. The result indicates the presence of strong

interaction between these two components, which is believed to be crucial for the achieving of

excellent electrochemcal performance.

The current work not only proposes a facile and effcient strategy to synthesize non-layer

nanoporous carbides, but also provides certain experiment fundation and theoretical basis for the

research of carbides in batteries, exhibiting important research significance.

The performance and aggregation structure of High-mobility Polymeric

semiconductors

Polymeric semiconductors are the important part for fabricating flexible organic photoelectronic

devices. Therefore the development of solution-processible, high mobility polymeric semiconductors

is very emergency for fabricating large scale, low-cost organic circuits. In this contribution, a novel

design strategy about nonplanar but conjugated BTP-based polymeric semiconductors (PBTP-IDG，

PBTP-DPP, and PBTP-NDI, Figure 1) has been reported by Chen and co-workers. By incorporating

the nonplanar BTP units into the polymer backbones, the solubility, possibility, aggregation structure,

and device performance of the BTP-based polymer semiconductors has been well tuned. The

field-effect transistor performance and thin film aggregation structure of the three BTP-based

polymers had been investigated. This work had been published in the top journal of Macromolecules

(Selected as the Most Read Articles in Macromolecules in April, 2015, Top 25).

Figure 1. Molecular structure of the three BTP-based polymeric semiconductors

The bottom-gate bottom-contact OFETs had been fabricated by solution spin-coating technique.

Investigation of the OFETs performance indicated that three BTP-based polymer exhibited well hole

transport properties in ambient air and excellent ambipolar performance in a N2 glove-box. In

ambient air, a high hole mobility of 1.43 cm2

V−1

s−1

had been obtained for the PBTP-DPP-based

Article:

Ying Xiao, Lirong Zheng, Minhua Cao, Hybridization and Pore Engineering for Achieving High-Performance

Lithium Storage of Carbide as Anode Material. Nano Energy 12 (2015) 152–160.

2015 Highlights

35

OFETs. When the PBTP-DPP based OFETs were measured in a N2 atmosphere, the well balanced

hole and electron mobilities of 0.68 and 0.13 cm2 V

−1 s

−1 had been demonstrated, respectively. These

results suggest that the BTP-based polymeric semiconductors are the promising materials in the field

of flexible circuits.

Table 1. Performance Parameters for the Polymers-Based OFET devices ( a

measured in ambient air. b

measured in a N2 glove-box. )

Polymers

p-Type a p-Type

b n-Type

b

aver

(cm2V

-1s

-1)

max

(cm2V

-1s

-1)

Ion/Ioff max

cm2V

-1s

-1)

Ion/Ioff max

(cm2V

-1s

-1)

Ion/Ioff

PBTP-IDG 0.011 0.053 >105 0.087 >100 0.002 >10

PBTP-DPP 0.78 1.43 >105 0.68 >100 0.13 >10

PBTP-NDI 0.004 0.013 >105 0.008 >10 0.003 >10

Thin film crystallinity and microstructure are also critical for explaining the differences of

OFETs performance, thus the microstructures of the polymers thin films were studied by GIXRD in

Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility. Figure 2 shows the typical out-of-plane and in-plane

diffraction curves of the polymers thin films. Note that the clear (100) diffraction peaks at 2 = 4.25

and 4.50° in out-of-plane patterns, corresponding to the small lamellar-distances of 20.77 and 19.61

Å, were detected for the annealed thin films of PBTP-IDG and PBTP-NDI, respectively. Among the

three BTP-based polymers, the smallest lamellar-distance of 18.31 Å was obtained in the PBTP-DPP

thin film, which was calculated from (100) diffraction signal at 2 = 4.82° in out-of-plane patterns.

This close lamellar stacking can facilitate high performance charge transport. Note that (100)

diffraction peaks can be observed in both out-of-plane and in-plane diffraction patterns, suggesting

that a kind of mixture stacking microstructures existed in the three BTP-based polymer thin films.

However, (010) diffraction peaks can be observed clearly from in-plane patterns. It can be concluded

that three polymers take mainly edge-on orientation respective to substrates. This kind of stacking

microstructure is similar with many high performance polymers. On the basis of the data obtained

from in-plane patterns, PBTP-DPP thin films exhibited a (010) feature at 2 = 24.4°, with a close

π–π stacking distance of 3.64 Å, which was smaller than those of PBTP-IDG (3.69 Å) and

PBTP-NDI (3.83 Å) thin films. This close π–π stacking structure would provide an effective channel

for charge carrier transport.

2015 Highlights

36

Figure 2. Out-of-plane (a) and in-plane (b) GIXRD patterns of the polymers thin films annealed at 220 °C.

Solving important protein structures using precipitant-immobilized imprinted

polymers

A team from China Agricultural University published their research in Nature Communications

on March 23th

, 2015. The research is about “the amino-terminal structure of human Fragile X Mental

Retardation Protein obtained using precipitant-immobilized imprinted polymers”.

Flexibility is an intrinsic property of proteins. Few proteins could carry out their biological

functions without structural flexibility. Proteins have many flexible components, such as loops, turns,

termini and side chains of residues in helices or strands. Unfortunately, the flexibility of proteins

makes proteins difficult to grow crystals giving rise to the bottleneck of gaining high-quality protein

crystals. Moreover, the traditional protein crystallography methods are seldom successful for highly

flexible proteins.

Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) was the main factor causing fragile X syndrome,

the most common form of inherited mental retardation in humans with a frequency of 1:4000 males

and 1:6000 females. However, the structure and molecular mechanism are unclear.

Article:

Chao Li, Zupan Mao, Huajie Chen,*

Liping Zheng, Jianyao Huang, Bin Zhao, Songting Tan, and Gui Yu.

*

Synthesis, Characterization, and Field-Effect Transistors Properties of Novel Copolymers Incorporating

Nonplanar Biindeno[2,1-b]thiophenylidene Building Blocks. Macromolecules, 2015, 48 (8), 2444–2453.

2015 Highlights

37

Figure: FMRP has several kinds of dimers in solution. Comparison of experimental data and calculated

scattering profiles for wild-type FMRPΔ. Experimental data are represented in black dots. (a) The theoretical

scattering curves of disulfide bond-based dimer (red), (b) Tudor2 domain-based dimer (blue), (c) KH0

domain-based dimer (cyan) and (d) the assembly from MES fit (green) are shown. (e) Residuals of four models

calculated as I(q)experimental/I(q)model.

The team developed an undescribed and intriguing approach that immobilizing common protein

precipitants such as polyethylene glycol and ammonium sulfate onto molecularly imprinted polymers

to yield high-quality single crystals after four years’ experiments on FMRP. Only by using this

method, high-quality single crystal of a structure-uncharacterized segment of Fragile X Mental

Retardation Protein was successfully obtained, and structure was solved. Besides, a novel KH

domain-KH0 and an intermolecular disulfide bond were identified for the first time. Moreover, the

precipitant-immobilized molecularly imprinted polymers (piMIPs) significantly increased the

diffraction resolution limit compared to other conventional nucleants for five model proteins. So the

piMIPs materials might be widely used in protein crystallization, especially for flexible proteins.

The team performed the small angle X-ray scattering analysis (SAXS) experiments at the

BioSAXS station (1W2A) of the BSRF. SAXS is a powerful tool for structure validation and the

quantitative analysis of flexible systems, and is highly complementary to the high resolution methods

of X-ray crystallography and NMR. After carefully analyzing the component of the dimeric

components in solution, it was found that FMRP has several kinds of dimeric conformations in

solution, providing insights into the function of this protein.

Article:

Yufeng Hu, Zhenhang Chen, Yanjun Fu,Qingzhong He,

Lun Jiang,

Jiangge Zheng,

Yina Gao,

Pinchao Mei,

Zhongzhou Chen & Xueqin Ren, The amino-terminal structure of human fragile X mental retardation protein obtained

using precipitant-immobilized imprinted polymers. Nature Communications, 2015, 6, 6634.

2015 Highlights

38

Pressure-Induced Structural Transition of Single-Crystalline SnSe Nanosheets

Tin selenide (SnSe) is an important binary IV–VI semiconductor compound with a wide range

of potential applications such as infrared optoelectronic devices, anode materials for rechargeable

lithium batteries, solar cell and photoelectric property. Most recently, ultralow thermal conductivity

and a high thermoelectric figure of merit have been found in SnSe bulk crystals, which have also

extended their prospects with regard to applications in thermoelectric energy conversion. However,

the high-pressure study on SnSe bulk crystals exist a lot of controversy. Meanwhile, the

high-pressure study on nanoscale SnSe still hasn't been reported because it is difficult to obtain the

high-purity sample through the traditional preparation methods. A research team of Jilin university

State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials successfully synthesized the high-purity two-dimension

single-crystalline SnSe nanosheets, which high-pressure behaviors have been investigated. Their

research has been published on May 18th

, 2015 in Nanoscale.

The high-pressure behaviors of as-synthesized sample have been investigated by in situ

synchrotron angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction in the 4W2 beamline of Beijing Synchrotron

Radiation Facility. A second-order isostructural continuous phase transition from orthorhombic

structure Pnma symmetry to Cmcm symmetry has been observed at 6.8 GPa, which is considerably

lower than the transition pressure of bulk SnSe (10.5 GPa). The decreased transition pressure can be

attributed to the volumetric expansion with the softening of the Poisson ratio and shear modulus. In

addition, the bulk modulus of the Pnma phase is consistent with that of bulk SnSe, which is different

from most nanomaterials. We suggest that this abnormal compressibility arises from the unique

intrinsic geometry in the nanosheets. Moreover, we observed a significantly enhanced bulk modulus

of the Cmcm phase compared with the theoretical results, which is considered to be caused by the

pressure-induced morphology change.

We believe that this study not only provides valuable experimental information about SnSe

nanosheets, but might also shed some light onto the pressure-induced phase transition behaviors of

other IV–VI layered structural compounds at the nanoscale.

2015 Highlights

39

Atomic cobalt on nitrogen-doped graphene for hydrogen generation

The hydrogen economy represents a future economic plan and has raised lots of concerns. The

ability to generate molecular hydrogen (H2) in a clean, sustainable and cheap way is essential to the

success of the proposed hydrogen economy. One established method for hydrogen generation is

electrochemical water splitting, in which water is converted into molecular hydrogen by means of an

electric current; however, the large reaction kinetic barrier (or overpotentials) makes its

commercialization for mass production depending critically on the development alternative highly

active while inexpensive catalysts to replace the noble metal platinum. The researchers from Rice

University, the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, the University of Texas at San Antonio and

the University of Houston developed a novel hydrogen generation catalyst based on trace of cobalt

and graphene, which has proven nearly as effective as platinum-based catalysts. The research results

have been published in September, 2015 in Nature Communications.

The researchers found that small amounts of cobalt atoms (~0.5 at%), coordinated to nitrogen

atoms on the grapheme, is highly active toward hydrogen generation with 30 mV onset overpotential

and it takes only ~150 mV to deliver current density of 10 mA cm-2

. In addition, this catalyst is stable

in both acidic and basic electrolytes. Instead of nanoparticles or nanoclusters, these cobalts were

found to be single atoms uniformly dispersed on graphene nanosheets, as revealed by

aberration-corrected STEM, indicating that the special existing forms of Co atoms is crucial to

achieve such high activity. Further EXAFS analyses obtained by qualitative wavelet-transform (WT)

Article:

Jian Zhang, Hongyang Zhu, Xiaoxin Wu, Hang Cui, Dongmei Li, Junru Jiang, Chunxiao Gao, Qiushi Wang,

* and

Qiliang Cui,*

Plasma-assisted synthesis and pressure-induced structural transition of single-crystalline SnSe

nanosheets. 7 (2015), 10807-10816.

2015 Highlights

40

and quantitative Fourier-transform reveal that the atomic cobalt is bonded to the neighboring

nitrogen atoms, which suggests that the catalytically active sites are associated with the metal centers

coordinated to nitrogen. Besides, the large structural disorder implies that these active sites are

associated with many structural defects and disorder. The exact structure and roles of the defect

remain unclear and its determination would need more thorough studies of structural characterization

techniques.

Figure. 1 (Left) Schematic illustration of the synthetic procedure of the Co-NG catalyst and morphology

characterizations by SEM and TEM. (Right) Bright-field aberration-corrected STEM image of the Co-NG and

wavelet-transform analysis of the EXAFS results for Co-NG and Co-G.

The nitrogen-doped graphene, incorporated with very small amounts of Co as individual atoms,

represents the first example of single-atom catalysis (SAC) achieved in inorganic solid-state catalysts

for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and the excellent catalytic performance, maximal

efficiency of atomic utility, scalability and low-cost for the preparation makes this catalyst a

promising candidate to replace Pt for water splitting applications. In addition, the approach

demonstrated in this work in obtaining individual metal atoms that are supported on graphene and

the use of XAFS technique to explore the active sites may be a harbinger for broad applicability of

this methodology for other atomic-scale catalytic systems. The research results have been reported

by many website such as Nature Energy, Phys.org, R&D, and Nanotechnology Now.

Article:

Huilong Fei, Juncai Dong, M. Josefina Arellano-Jiménez, Gonglan Ye, Nam Dong Kim, Errol L.G. Samuel,

Zhiwei Peng, Zhuan Zhu, Fan Qin, Jiming Bao, Miguel Jose Yacaman, Pulickel M. Ajayan, Dongliang Chen2 &

James M. Tour, Atomic cobalt on nitrogen-doped graphene for hydrogen generation, Nat Commun 6, 8668

(2015).

2015 Highlights

41

Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation by Using Amorphous Ni–Co

Double Hydroxides Nanocages

The electrochemical water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen has been broadly believed as one

of the most promising approaches to obtain clean fuels from renewable energy sources. In practice,

however, the high overpotential caused by sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER), i.e. water

oxidation process, at the anodic electrode dramatically diminishes the overall effectiveness of the

water splitting in the electrochemical cell. Catalysts, therefore, are always in need. However, the

water oxidation catalysts reported so far are mainly rely on crystalline or solid materials, which still

encounter some intrinsic disadvantages like low stability during the long term electrochemical

reaction. A collaborated team from Beihang University and the National Center for Nanoscience and

Technology has explored, for the first time, the feasibility of the amorphous hollow nanomaterials for

efficient electrochemical water oxidation. Their research has been published on March 9th

, 2015 in

Advanced Energy Materials and chosen by editor as a cover.

A unique template-engaged approach was employed by the team for fabrication of amorphous

hollow nanomaterials. Ni-Co amorphous double hydroxides (ADHs) nanocages are chosen to

demonstrate this feasibility, in view of the limited success in synthesizing cage-like structure of these

materials, and emerging application of the hydroxides in water oxidation. Inside structural

information of this amorphous catalyst, such as oxidation states, bond distances and coordination

numbers, have been obtained by the X-ray absorption near-edge structures (XANES) and the

extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) characterization using synchrotron radiation at

2015 Highlights

42

BSRF. These data suggests a larger extent of disorder and distortion in the catalyst. Low coordination

number of metal atoms and high disorder are analogous to that found on the high-index faces of

noble-metal catalysts, which help the researcher to believe the prepared NiCo2.7(OH)x amorphous

nanocages with high surface reactivity and structural stability could become promising

electrocatalysts.

In practical test, the high catalytic activity and excellent stability of the NiCo2.7(OH)x

nanocages demonstrate the promising application of amorphous nanomaterials in water

electrochemical oxidation. Density functional theory (DFT) simulation reveals that the

composition-dependent electrocatalytic activities are closely related to the surface reactivity of

different hydroxides. “The successful synthesis approach to Ni–Co ADHs nanocages described

herein, combined with rational computational simulation, opens the avenue for rational design and

controllable preparation of the amorphous nanomaterials with well-defined structure, shape, and

composition for high performance catalysts.” explains Lin Guo, one of the team leader and the

professor of Beihang University.

Chromium translocation and transformaton in the mycorrhizosphere

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous soil fungi that form symbiotic relationships

with more than 80% terrestrial plants. The fungi provide mineral nutrients (especially phosphorus)

and water to their plant partner, and in return they get carbohydrates from the host plants.

Additionally, AM symbiosis can significantly enhance plant survival under Cr contamination, and

thus has a great potential in phytoremedation of soils contaminated with Cr. However, the detailed

processes of Cr translocation and transformation in plant-AMF symbioses are unclear. Recently, a

research group from Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of

Sciences, China has deeply investigated the processes of chromium translocation and transformaton

in the plant-AM fungi continuum, and their results has been published on 15th

, Dec, 2015 in

Environmental Science & Technology.

In their previous study, through using X-ray fluorescence micro-spectroscopy (μ-XRF) analysis,

they found that Cr was mainly located in vascular bundle and cortex in the principal roots without

AMF inoculation, while Cr was only located in cortex in principal roots when the plant was

inoculated with AMF. This might indicate that AM symbiosis could derease Cr translocation from

Article:

Jianwei Nai, Huajie Yin, Tingting You, Lirong Zheng, Jing Zhang, Pengxi Wang, Zhao Jin, Yu Tian, Juzhe Liu,

Zhiyong Tang,* and Lin Guo*. Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation by Using Amorphous Ni–Co Double

Hydroxides Nanocages. Adv. Energy Mater. 2015, 5, 1401880.

2015 Highlights

43

roots to shoots, and thus enhance Cr stabilization in roots. In the present study, a two-compartment

root-organ cultivation system has been used to study the direct interaction between AM fungi and

chromium. The results showed that AMF could actively take up and transport Cr [either in the form

of Cr(VI) or Cr(III)] to roots but retain above 70% of the total Cr in the fungal biomass, which

indicates the importance of AMF mycelium on Cr immobilization by mycorrhizal roots. Through

X-ray absorption near edge fine structure spectroscopy (XANES) coupled with linear combination

fitting (LCF) analysis, they further found that Cr(VI) in the AMF was reduced completely to Cr(III)

and subsequently precipitated mainly by phosphate analogues (the proportion of Cr(III)-phosphate

was 86%) (Figure 1). However, when the AMF mycelium was metabolic inhibited by 2%（v/v）

formaldehyde or 0.5 mmol L-1

2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP, a respiration inhibitor and an uncoupler of

oxidative phosphorylation, which can cause dissipation of the proton motive force across membranes,

thereby inhibiting active metal uptake by fungi), the mycelium still could adsorb large quantities of

Cr mainly in the form of Cr(III)-phosphate analogues (the proportion is above 95%) on fungal

surface. Besides, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis also confirmed the

existance of mainly phosphate complexed Cr(III) in AM fungi.

Figure 1. (A) Linear combination fitting (LCF) results of X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES)

Cr K edge normalized spectra for the hyphae from the hyphal compartment of the different treatments. The

treatment “+M+Cr” represents AMF inoculation in root compartment, and the hyphae was treated with 0.05 mmol

L-1

Cr(VI) in hyphal compartment; the treatment “+M+CrF” represents AMF inoculation in root compartment, and

the hyphae was treated with 0.05 mmol L-1

Cr(VI) after 24-h 2% (v/v) formaldehyde treatment in hyphal

compartment; the treatment “+M+CrD” represents AMF inoculation in root compartment, and the hyphae was

treated with 0.05 mmol L-1

Cr(VI) and 0.5 mmol L-1

DNP in hyphal compartment. (B) Results of fitting XANES

2015 Highlights

44

spectra of hyphal samples from different treatments with a linear combination of the measured data sets of standard

Cr compounds. (C) Cr K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra of Cr(III) standard

compounds and hyphae of different treatments. The solid lines represent experimental data, dashed lines represent

simulations.

It is well known that one of the important role of AMF is to assist host plants in P acquisition.

AMF mycelium can direct take up P from distance and transport it to plant partners. The present

study indicates that those P may possibly complex (precipitate) Cr, and thus contributes to Cr

stabilization. The study has uncovered the detailed processes of Cr translocation and transformation

in AM symbioses, which can not only contributes to understanding the mechanisms of the positive

role of AM symbiosis in plant Cr tolerance, but also provide important information for development

of mycorrhizal based bioremediation techniques.

Figure 2. Cr translocation and transformation in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses.

Article:

Songlin Wu, Xin Zhang, Yuqing Sun, Zhaoxiang Wu, Tao Li, Yajun Hu, Dan Su, Jitao Lv, Gang Li, Zhensong

Zhang, Lirong Zheng, Jing Zhang and Baodong Chen*, Transformation and immobilization of chromium by

arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as revealed by SEM-EDS, TEM-EDS and XAFS. Environmental Science &

Technology, 2015, 49 (24): 14036-14047.

2015 Highlights

45

Synergistic effect of polymer and small molecules for high-performance ternary

organic solar cells

Significant progress has been achieved in the production of bulk heterojunction organic solar

cells (OSCs) based on binary active layer composed of donor-acceptor (D-A)-type polymers or small

molecules as donors and PCBM as acceptor. D-A-type polymer exhibits several advantages, such as

good film-formation property and high absorption capability. However, the crystallinity of D-A

polymers is generally not very good enough to obtain high transporting ability. Therefore, in the

polymer solar cells, for improving the device performance, it is need to blend small amount of

diiodooctane (DIO), chloronaphthalene (CN) or other additives to tune the active layer’s crystallinity

and morphology. Compared to polymers, small molecules have several advantages such a

well-defined structures, high intrinsic carrier mobility, no batch-to-batch variation, and ease of

synthesis, purification, and modification. Generally, small molecules have higher mobility and more

prone to long range-order than polymers, which are always getting high fill factors in solar cells. The

problem is the phase separation of small molecular film with PCBM is big and induced negative

influence on the device performance. In order to tune the crystallinity, Chen Y et al reported blending

a small amount of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as additive or plasticizer, achieving a better phase

separation and a higher performance. However, from DIO to PDMS, the most additives reported are

inert in the film, which will become traps for charge separation and transport when blending slightly

overdose of them. This sensitivity and disadvantage seriously limit the blending method in organic

solar cells application, especially for large area or industrial fabricated procedure.

As an approach for further increasing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) compared binary

solar cells with inert additives, ternary concept is a similar and most potential way to increase the

absorption breadth of solar cell using multiple donor components with different (ideally

complementary) absorption features. Ternary blends based on two donor components and one

acceptor component (or one donor and two acceptors) provide a potentially effective route to

pursuing of high short-circuit current density (Jsc) and consequently high efficiencies exceeding the

theoretical limits for binary blend solar cells could be possible without sacrificing the simplicity of a

single active-layer processing step.

2015 Highlights

46

-0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

-10

-5

0

small molecular 7.48%

ternary 8.40%

polymer 6.85 %

Jsc

(mA

/cm

2)

V (V)0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8

102

103

104

105

(300)

(010)

(200)

Inte

nsi

ty (

a.u

.)

q (nm-1

)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

100

(100)

In this study, a new ternary OSC is fabricated, which contains a D-A-type polymer and a novel

small molecule.The obtained optimal device exhibits high efficiency (8.40 %), with Voc of 0.97V,

Jsc of 12.17mAcm-2

, and FF of 71.23%. The D-A polymer containing

benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiopheneand thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione groups (named as PBDTTPD-HT)

is selected because its Voc is as high as 1.0V, and a novel small molecule is designed and synthesized

with high crystallinity in the ternary system. A synergistic effect of polymer and small molecules is

observed for the first time.The small molecules increase the crystallinity of the donor phase, where

as the polymers modify the D-A interface. The PCE of the ternary OSCs (8.40 %) is higher than that

of binary systems based on small molecules (7.48 %) or polymers (6.85 %). The results suggest that

appropriate design of the developed ternary system could offer multiple benefits and synergistic

effects such as modified film morphology, improved charge carrier mobility, and promoted exciton

dissociation at the D-A interface. The GIWAXS experiments were carried out at 1W2A-SAXS

station of BSRF.

Article:

Yajie Zhang, Dan Deng, Kun Lu*, Jianqi Zhang, Benzheng Xia，Yifan Zhao, Jin Fang, Zhixiang Wei*,

Synergistic Effect of Polymer and Small Molecules for High-Performance Ternary Organic Solar Cells, Advance

Materials, 2015, 27, 1071-1076.

2015 Highlights

47

A highly homogeneous nanocoating strategy for Li-rich Mn-based layered oxides

based on chemical conversion

Lithium rich manganese-based layered oxide (LRMBO) with high capacity exceeding 250 mA

h/g is considered as the most promising cathode candidate of Li-ion batteries. But the severe capacity

decay hinders its practical application. Prof. Dingguo Xia’s Group, from Beijing Key Laboratory of

Theory and Technology for Advanced Battery Materials, has developed a novel strategy for

preparing a highly homogeneous nanocoating for Li-rich Mn-based layered oxides. This work has

been published in Journal of Power Sources on Jun. 3, 2015.

Xia’s group reported a novel nanocoating strategy by the elemental Al doping (LNCMO-Al)

followed by chemical conversion in aqueous phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The conversion

reaction method ensures uniform contact between the dissolved reagents and bulk particles at the

atomic level (LNCMO-AlPO4). The elemental Al uniformly segregates on the particle surfaces layer

and provides nucleation sites for the chemical conversion treatment. They figured out the surface

phase of as-prepared LNCM, LNCM-MPO4, LNCM-Al, and LNCM-AlPO4 materials by comparing

the O K-edges XAS spectra of AlPO4 and LiAlO2 standardswith our as-prepared samples. The

resultant AlPO4-nanocoaed Li[Li0.2Ni0.11Co0.11Mn0.54Al0.04]O2 exhibits a greatly enhanced

reversible capacity with excellent cycling and superior thermal stabilities relative to the pristine

samples. Even under a very high current density of 1200 mA g−1, the LNCM-AlPO4 sample still

exhibited a favorable specific capacity of 162.7 mAh g−1 after 30 cycles. More importantly, the

LNCM-AlPO4 samples show a much lower heat release of 225 J g−1 at 277.3°C relative to the

1086.7 J g−1 at 216.4°C for the pristine sample.

(a), (b) O K-edge XAS spectra of LNCM, LNCM-AlPO4 (500 °C in N2), LNCM-MPO4, and MPO4. The

latter spectrum is included for comparison. (c) O K-edge XAS spectra of LNCM and LNCM-Al (x = 0.04). The

LiAlO2 spectrum is presented as a standard for comparison.

2015 Highlights

48

(a) Discharge capacity profiles of LNCM and LNCM-Al series samples. (b) Discharge capacity profiles for

LNCM, LNCM-Al (x = 0.04), and LNCM-AlPO4 (500 °C in N2) samples. (c) Discharge capacity profiles of

LNCM-AlPO4 and LNCM-MPO4. (d) Rate capabilities of LNCM, LNCM-Al (x = 0.04), and LNCM-AlPO4

(500 °C in N2) samples.

This work provides a general strategy for the future design of high-capacity electrode system,

while the BSRF plays a key role in detecting the electronic structure of the structure. Prof. Xia, the

PI of the group, described their work like this, “heterogeneous coatings usually result in

compromised functionality of protection in the electrochemical reaction for the materials during

practical processing. Therefore, a highly homogeneous nanocoating on the surface of micro or

nanoparticles would be extremely desirable. The surface analysis and composition determination

play a very important role on material design and production guidance. The hard and soft XAS

techniques in BSRF support us a lot in such characterization.”

In situ detection of calcium phosphate clusters in solution and wet amorphous

phase by synchrotron X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy at calcium

K-edge

Amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) is a precursor phase frequently present at the early stage

of crystallization from aqueous solution. According to a structure model proposed by American

scientists in 1970s, the amorphous phase is the aggregates of clusters with the composition of

Ca9(PO4)6 and water molecules filling in the interstitial space. Recently, a team from Peking

Article：

Jin Ma, Biao Li, LiAn, Hang Wei, Xiayan Wang, Pingrong Yu, Dingguo Xia*, A highly homogeneous

nanocoating strategy for Li-rich Mn-based layered oxides based on chemical conversion, Journal of Power

Sources, 2015, 277, 393–402.

2015 Highlights

49

University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences have made progress in the study of the structure of

amorphous calcium phosphate. Their results have been published in Crystal Growth & Design on

May 17, 2015.

On the Beamline 4B7A at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF), the team prepared

amorphous calcium phosphate on-site and examined the wet sample using the X-ray absorption

near-edge spectroscopy at calcium K-edge. As shown in the following diagram, the wet amorphous

phase (wACP) exhibits a dual character in its short-range order: Some of its clusters are similar to

hydrated calcium ions (Ca), and some others to those in crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA). These

spectral features are quite different from those of dry amorphous phase (dACP) that shows close

resemblance to hydroxyapatite in the short-range order throughout the whole spectrum, well

described by the early structure model.

4030 4040 4050 4060 4070

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

4040 4042 4044

Norm

aliz

ed A

bsorb

ance

Energy (eV)

wACP-p

Ca

dACP

HA

The dual character of the wet amorphous calcium phosphate in Ca K-edge XANES spectrum. Ca: Hydrated

Ca2+

ions at 4.0 mmol/L; wACP-p: The precipitate of wet amorphous calcium phosphate; HA: crystalline

hydroxyapatite; dACP: dry amorphous calcium phosphate.

This finding provides a basis for a better understanding and rational control of calcium

phosphate crystallization at the molecular level. Upon formation in the aqueous solution, calcium

phosphate clusters aggregate and cross-link through the bridging phosphates. As the “molecules”

become larger and denser, an amorphous phase finally emerges. The Ca-to-P ratio of the latter is

strongly dependent on the initial composition of the solution. By releasing hydrated phosphates, the

amorphous phase attains a higher Ca-to-P ratio and a lower water content, changing toward a

thermodynamically stable crystalline phase. Professor Tian-Lan Zhang, the team leader, comments

on their progress: “The formation of calcium phosphate solid in human body, such as bone

metabolism and vascular calcification, is mediated by proteins. Affected by the amino acid residues

on the backbone chain, the carboxyl and phosphate groups in a protein molecule are less hydrated

than the corresponding free anions in solution. Consequently, they can bind Ca2+

ions and form

clusters containing less water molecules, acting as seeds and incurring subsequent structural changes

2015 Highlights

50

toward crystallization. In this sense, our basic study is associated to biomedical science. ”

Electronic Topological Transition in Ag2Te at High-pressure

Recently, Ag2Te was experimentally confirmed to be a 3D topological insulator (TI) at ambient

pressure; however, the high-pressure behaviors and properties of Ag2Te were rarely and ambiguously

reported. A team from state key lab of Superhard materials in Jilin university has gained insight

into the mysterious structure and function of Ag2Te. Their research has been published on September

30th

, 2015 in Scientific Reports.

Based on the in-situ high pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction at the 4W2 High-Pressure

Station of Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF), the team identified really interesting the

high-pressure behaviors of Ag2Te. They show that Ag2Te undergoes twice structural phase transition

around 2.2 GPa and 11.3 GPa. The accurate pressure-induced phase transition sequence is firstly

determined as P21/c, Cmca, Pnma. It is worth noting that the reported isostructural P21/c phase is

not existed, and the reported structure of Cmca phase is corrected by CALYPSO methodology. The

second high-pressure structure, a long puzzle to previous reports, is assigned to Pnma phase by this

team.

Meanwhile, they present a pressure-induced electronic topological transition is firstly found in

Ag2Te at 1.8 GPa. Before the electronic topological transition (ETT), there is a positive pressure

coefficient of bulk band-gap, which is firstly found in the topological insulators family. After the

ETT, the band gap of Ag2Te, indirect band-gap semiconductor, is changed into direct band-gap.

Thus, for Ag2Te, it is verified that pressure is helpful for increasing the topological nature by

inducing the increase of the bulk band-gap. Their results provide an approach of enhancing the

topological nature of topological insulators by physical and chemical methods.

Article：

Qun Zhang,* Yun Jiang,* Bao-Di Gou, Jian Huang, Yu-Xi Gao, Jia-Ting Zhao, Lei Zheng, Yi-Dong Zhao,

Tian-Lan Zhang,** and Kui Wang. In situ detection of calcium phosphate clusters in solution and wet amorphous

phase by synchrotron X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy at calcium K-edge. Cryst. Growth Des. 2015, 15,

2204-2210.

2015 Highlights

51

The phase transformation process of Ag2Te

Unveiling reinforcement and toughening mechanism of filler network in natural

rubber with synchrotron radiation X-ray Nano-Computed Tomography

Double network structures formed with either two polymer or polymer and inorganic nanofiller

have been demonstrated to enhance mechanical properties in orders of magnitude, which is an

effective approach to create advanced structural and functional materials with unmatchable

properties. The mechanical enhancement is attributed to fracture of network with weak bond while

the network with strong bond maintains the integrity of sample. However, as it is still hard to bond

fracture directly during loading, especially for inorganic nanofiller network, bond fracture

mechanism is still remaining as an empirical or qualitative rule. A team from University of Science

and Technology of China (USTC) has gained insight into the NE nature of FIC in polymer material.

Their research was published on October 20th

, 2015 in Macromolecules.

Article：

Yuhang Zhang, Yan Li*, Yanmei Ma, Yuwei Li, Guanghui Li, Xuecheng Shao, Hui Wang, Tian Cui, Xin Wang

* &

Pinwen Zhu* Electronic Topological Transition in Ag2Te at High-pressure. Scientific Reports 5(2010), 14681(1–9).

2015 Highlights

52

In this work, we employ in-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray nano-CT carried out at

4W1A-X-ray Imaging station of BSRF to study carbon black filler network embedded in rubber

molecular network under cyclic loading. For the first time, destruction and reconstruction of filler

network is observed with high spatial resolution (100 nm) in large volume (view field: 60×60 μm2).

Based on X-ray image analysis, we obtain network structure parameters such as the size and surface

area of filler clusters, mesh size and connectivity of network at different strains. The structural

parameters of network reveal that not only network fracture but also elastic deformation of network,

and sliding friction between network and rubber matrix contribute to the excellent mechanical

property of rubber composites. Combining mechanical data and structural parameters of network,

external strain energy is quantitatively assigned to these three mechanisms, respectively. Elastic

deformation and friction are major contributors at small strain whilst at large strain network

destruction switches to being the largest shareholder. Through orchestra effect of three mechanisms,

the overall mechanical enhancement factor of filler network varies in a small range at different

strains.

Fig 1: Upon loading carbon black network undergoes elastic deformation, friction and fracture, which partially

recovers after unloading. These three structural evolutions of network store and dissipate strain energy, which

dramatically enhances the mechanical properties of rubber composites.

Article：

Liang Chen, Weiming Zhou, Jie Lu, Jing Li, Wenhua Zhang, Ningdong Huang, Lihui Wu, Liangbin Li, Unveiling

reinforcement and toughening mechanism of filler network in natural rubber with synchrotron radiation X-ray

Nano-Computed Tomography, Macromolecules, 2015, 48, 7923-7928.

D

E

2015 Highlights

53

Nonequilibrium Nature of Flow-Induced Nucleation in Isotactic Polypropylene

As an extremely external driven and kinetics controlled process, flow-induced crystallization

(FIC) of polymer is of vital importance not only in scientific research but also in industrial

application. Over past decades, great efforts have been dedicated to understand the formations of

precursor and shish-kebab, the roles of molecular and flow parameters on nucleation, and other

aspects related to FIC. However, the nonequilibrium (NE) nature of FIC is relatively poorly

understood because of the limitations in the existing experimental techniques, and the same holds for

theoretical understanding of FIC. A team from University of Science and Technology of China

(USTC) has gained insight into the NE nature of FIC in polymer material. Their research was

published on January 28th

, 2015 in Macromolecules.

With a combination of in-situ synchrotron radiation ultrafast X-ray scattering and extensional

rheology measurements carried out at BSRF, the team revealed a constant critical strain for

nucleation in isotactic polypropylene (iPP) melt in a wide temperature range from 130 to 170 °C.

This discovery contradicts the strain− temperature equivalence predicted by classical entropic

reduction model but unveils the nonequilibrium nature of FIC. To account for the temperature

independence of flow-induced nucleation, a tentative kinetic pathway of nucleation describing

stretch-induced hierarchical structural transitions is proposed through which the capability of flow as

driving force is justified.

FIG 1. The kinetic pathway of nucleation of polymer under strong flow: coil (melt) → stiff segment (helix) →

precursor → crystal.

The research is an important step on understanding the NE nature of FIC in polymers, and

underscores the potential for further improving the processing-related property in the iPP industry. In

the work, the sample underwent high-speed extension with a period of only a few hundred

milliseconds, where ultrafast x-ray scattering with a time-resolution of tens of milliseconds has

2015 Highlights

54

irreplaceable advantages to extract the relevant structure information. More brilliant synchrotron

beams and higher time-resolution detections would be bound to offer a shortcut for studies on NE

phase transitions of materials driven by much extreme external field.

Silver Ion-Mediated Heterometallic Three-Fold Interpenetrating Uranyl–Organic

Framework

Uranyl coordination chemistry as well as its speciation is of great significance in the nuclear

industry in terms of nuclear waste separation and disposal, meanwhile the intensive study on it will

help to explore novel uranyl-organic frameworks with intriguing structure or function, i.e.

uranyl-organic interpenetrating networks. However, the design and synthesis of uranyl-organic

interpenetrating networks bearing heterometal is still a tough objective to be achieved. A team from

Multi-discipline Research Center, Institute of High Energy Physics has successfully prepared the first

silver ion-mediated heterometallic three-fold interpenetrating uranyl-organic framework. Their

research has been published on November 16th, 2015 in Inorganic Chemistry.

Heterometallic interpenetrating uranyl-organic framework obtained based on Beijing

Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF). In this compound, uranyl dimer with six carboxylate ligands

acted as building unit and further was linked by Ag+

ions from four directions, finally affording a

heterometallic interpenetrating network. This intriguing structure was formed mainly through the

coordination bonding of carboxylate and pyridine groups, while the structural halogenation also

plays an important role in the stabilization of it.

Article：

Kunpeng Cui, Dong Liu, Youxin Ji, Ningdong Huang, Zhe Ma, Zhen Wang, Fei Lv, HaoranYang, Liangbin Li*,

Nonequilibrium Nature of Flow-Induced Nucleation in Isotactic Polypropylene, Macromolecules, 2015, 48,

694−699.

2015 Highlights

55

The team has found that the stable symmetrically halogenated isonicotinic acid could bind to the

uranyl center, forming an isolated carboxylate-bridged uranyl dimers halogen-bonded with each

other in a work they reported previously. Their further research demonstrated that the addition of Ag+

ion into this uranyl-isonicotinate system can alter effectively uranyl coordination pattern, leading to

the establishment of a novel heterometallic interpenetrating uranyl-organic framework. Nevertheless,

other metal ions, i.e. Cu2+

, Zn2+

, Co2+

, Ni2+

, didn’t work like Ag+

ion. Crystallographic analysis

showed that a (4, 4)-connected uranyl dimer building unit with six carboxylate ligands was formed

by the induction of Ag+

ion, which was further linked with Ag+

ions from four directions and finally

afforded a heterometallic three-fold interpenetrating network. Moreover, the mediation of Ag+

ion

always works whatever before or after the coordination of uranyl by halogenated isonicotinate.

The research provides a different design route for exploring the establishment of heterometallic

interpenetrating uranyl-organic framework, and synchrotron sources have helped the team to

overcome the technical problem of determing the molecular structure of actinide complexes in the

size of several microns. "Uranyl complexes exhibit a variety of structures in different reaction

systems, and it is still difficult to control or predict concisely the formation of expected species.

Therefore, the research on actinide complexes is on the way, focusing on the characterization of

molecular structures and functions of many newly-prepared uranyl complexes so as to dig out the

formation rules of them and then achieve a controllable synthesis. More brilliant synchrotron beams

would surely help to examine those smaller actinide-based crystals." explains Wei-qun Shi, the team

leader and the professor of Multi-discipline Research Center, Institute of High Energy Physics.

New insight into coordination and extraction of Uranium(VI) with N-donating

ligands in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) represent a new class of solvents with ionic and liquid

character at or around room temperature, showing ever-increasing potential applications in

radiochemical separation, in particular, in liquid/liquid extraction of nuclear fuel associated

radionuclides from aqueous solutions. The related coordination chemistry and related extraction

mechanisms, however, are still not well understood and remain deep fundamental interest.

Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry from Multi-discipline Research Center in Institute of High

Energy Physics recently conducted a study in which the detailed structure of an extracted U(VI)

Article：

Lei Mei, Qun-yan Wu, Shu-wen An, Zeng-qiang Gao, Zhi-fang Chai and Wei-qun Shi* Silver Ion-Mediated

Heterometallic Three-Fold Interpenetrating Uranyl–Organic Framework. Inorg. Chem., 2015, 54 (22),

10934–10945.

2015 Highlights

56

species in RTILs was firstly identified based on synchrotron radiation analysis, and the the inherent

relationship between weakly coordinating anions from RTILs and U(VI) coordination/ extraction

with N-donating ligands were indicated. Their research has been published on February 28th

, 2015 in

Inorganic Chemistry.

The team performed the solvent extractions of uranium(VI) from nitric acid media by two

commonly used RTILs, i.e. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4mim][PF6]) and

1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide ([C4mim][[NTf2]), in combination

with N,N’-diethyl-N,N’-ditolyldi- picolinamide (EtpTDPA) as extractant. The extraction mechanism

and the complexation of uranium(VI) with EtpTDPA in the RTILs were investigated in detail. The

results suggest that the EtpTDPA/RTILs system is an effective media for of uranium(VI) extraction

with high efficiency ( > 95%) and rapid kinetics (< 4 min), and the extraction most likely occurs by a

cation-exchange mode since the concentration of C4mim+ in the aqueous phase increases linearly

with the uranium(VI) extraction evidenced by UV-VIS measurement. More interestingly, the

uranium(VI)/EtpTDPA complex in RTILs precipitated immediately after the extraction. After

recrystallization from acetone, the precipitates were characterized by synchrotron radiation-based

XRD, revealing a composition of [UO2(EtpTDPA)2[NTf2]2 or [UO2(EtpTDPA)2[PF6]2 (Fig.1). FTIR

and EXAFS analysis confirmed that the extracted U(VI) species in RTILs have the same structure

with the precipitates. This is the first case of crystallographically identification of the extracted U(VI)

species in RTILs. Moreover, it is found that the extracted species in RTILs are greatly different from

that in dichloromethane (identified as UO2(NO3)2(EtpTDPA)]), suggesting the particularity of

RTILs-based extraction systems. Further studies show that the complex formation in RTILs is

independent of the cation-exchange since incorporating UO2(NO3)2, EtpTDPA and LiNTf2 or KPF6 in

a solution also produces the same complex as that in RTILs, revealing the important roles of weakly

coordinating anions on the coordination chemistry between U(VI) and EtpTDPA.

In RTILs, Cation-exchange

In CH2Cl2, Nitrato complex

NN

C

C

O

O O

ON

NC2H5

CH3

CH3

C2H5N

NC2H5

H3C

H3C

U

O

O

C2H5

2+

N

O

ON

NC2H5

CH3

CH3

U

O

O

C2H5NO

O

O

NO

O

O

NC C

O O

N NH3CH2C CH2CH3

CH3 H3C

U(VI)ExtractionWeakly coordinating

anions, e.g. NTf2-

Fig.1 The dependence of the coordination chemistry between U(VI) and EtpTDPA on weakly coordinating

anions

2015 Highlights

57

This work suggest that cation-exchange extraction mode for ILs-based extraction system

probably originates from the supply of weakly coordinating anions from RTILs, and the coordination

of uranium(VI) with EtpTDPA and/or other extractants, as well as the cation-exchange extraction

mode could be potentially changed by varying the counter ions of uranyl or introducing extra anions.

In this work, synchrotron radiation technique play a key role by helping the team to identify the

extracted U(VI) species.

Physical Control of Phase Behavior of Hexadecane in Nanopores

Phases of fluids under nanoconfinement are the structural basis of physical properties of soft

matter confined in nanospace. However, existing state of the molecules, phases and phase changes of

the nanoconfined fluids may be very different in bulk referred to. In the case, the freezing and

melting in nanospace can be very complicated, which becomes a heated topic in this field. A team

from College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University chose normal

alkane hexadecane (n-C16H34) as model compound and absorbed it into several porous materials.

They investigated the phase behaviors of n-C16H34 at different pore size, polarity of pore wall and

pore morphology. Their research is published in The Journal of Physical Chemistry C on July 22nd

,

2015.

The team found the melting points of C16 in the nanopores are depressed, which varied largely

with the pore size, the nature of the pore wall, and pore morphology. In the pores of CPG (300 nm),

n-C16 shows only the triclinic phase as the bulk. While in SBA-15 (7.8 nm), CPG (8.1 nm), and

C-SBA-15 (15.6 nm), rotator phase RI and RII appeared on cooling and heating, except that RII was

not observed on heating in CPG (8.1 nm). The presence and the existing temperature range of these

new rotator phases are associated with the pore diameter, interface interaction and pore geometry.

Article：

Li-Yong Yuan, Man Sun, Lei Mei, Lin Wang, Li-Rong Zheng, Zeng-Qiang Gao, Jing Zhang, Yu-Liang Zhao,

Zhi-Fang Chai* and Wei-Qun Shi* New insight of coordination and extraction of Uranium(VI) with N-donating

ligands in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids: N,N’-diethyl-N,N’-ditolyldipicolinamide as a case study. Inorganic

Chemistry 54 (2015), 1992−1999.

2015 Highlights

58

Some crystal structures of the normal hexadecane in nanopores are gained through using the

synchrotron radiation at BSRF. Combined with low temperature DSC method, the crystalline

structure and phase sequence of the alkane may be decided. The global phase diagram of pure

alkanes can be obtained in respect to different size and interface interaction.

Article：

Wang, L. P.; Sui, J.; Zhai, M.; Tian, F.; Lan, X. Z.*, Physical Control of Phase Behavior of Hexadecane in

Nanopores. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2015, 119 (32), 18697-18706.

2015 Project of BSRF

59

2015 Project of BSRF

1W1A-Diffuse X-ray Scattering Station

(1) Operation

In 2015 BSRF-1W1A provided two cycles of dedicated synchrotron radiation running to the

users. The first cycle of dedicated running supported 27 research subjects selected from among 35

proposals, and the second cycle supported 21 projects from 25 proposals. Using the beamline, the

users coming from universities and institutes of Chinese Academy of Sciences carried out diffuse

X-ray scattering (DXRS), grazing-incidence X-ray scattering (GIXRS), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and

reflection (XRR) experiments on their thin films and bulk crystal samples of wide band gap

semiconductors, organic materials, soft matter, mesoporous materials and so on. In 2015, 36 papers

were published based on the data obtained at BSRF-1W1A, 14 of which were high-impact papers

published on top academic journals in their respective fields.

(2) Improvement of experimental instruments and techniques

In the past year, we maintained the main equipment of the beamline, and improved a number of

experimental techniques including:

(1) We have the Huber five-circle x-ray diffractometer repaired with the help from Huber

Company (Fig.1). The reposition problem of its -circle caused by using the overweight

low-temperature sample chamber was eliminated and the measurement accuracy was improved.

(2) The 12 years old Spec was upgraded to the latest version. The new version can identify and

talk with a variety of new hardware devices, such as Mar345 area detector, Kohzu rotation stage

controllers, Anton Parr high-temperature and low-temperature sample environment device and so on.

It is also more flexible in setting data recording format. All these new features set a new foundation

for further developments of the experiment techniques;

(3) Progress was made in developing x-ray standing wave (XSW) method. We constructed

XSW experiment setup and composed software based on EPICS for controlling the experiment and

collecting data. The first SXW experiment on W/C multilayer and Cr/C multilayer was performed

successfully, which indicates that x-ray standing wave method was established on BSRF-1W1A (Fig.

2 (a) and (b)). After that, we purchased two high-precision Kohzu rotation stages, as shown in Fig. 2

(c), and designed their supporting frames. These new equipment will soon replace the previous

temporary experiment stuff and thus enable the XSW experiment more convenient and more precise.

(4) We improved the automatization of the x-ray scattering/diffraction experiments. By adopting

beam-checking Macros, measurement can be automatically suspended when the beam is off, and the

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same measurement can recover when the beam is back after injection, which is a great laboursaving

function. Also in the past year, the design and construction of a complete automatic attenuator

(autofilter) started.

Fig. 1 Mr. Norman Huber was repairing the 5-circle diffractometer.

Fig.2 X-ray standing wave experiment data and equipment: (a) W/C multilayers; (b) Cr/C multilayers; (c) Kohzu

rotation stage with an accuracy up to 0.01 arcsec.

(3) Research highlights

In the past year, a research group from National Nanotechnology Center, headed by Dr.

Zhixiang Wei, used grazing incidence X-ray diffraction method at 1W1A to shed light on the

structure-property interplays of their high-performance ternary polymer organic solar cells modified

by small molecules. By analyzing the relation between their structure and properties, the

coordination effect of the polymer and the small molecules was revealed. The research result was

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published in "Advanced Materials" (Adv. Mater., 2015, 27, 1071-1076).

1W1B-XAFS Station

(1) Operation

In 2015, there are two cycles of dedicated synchrotron radiation beamtimes for users. The total

beamtime of XAFS experimental station was 67 days and 65 research projects were supported. The

equipment ran stably. Users were mainly from universities and institutes all over the country, and

chemical engineering, material fields, environmental science make up 25%, 35%, and 40%

separately in these users. In summary, 99 papers have been published by the staff and users in 2015,

and 34 papers belong to the top I journals, which increase 89% respectively relative to 2014.

(2) Development of XAFS studies

(1) The development of in situ high-T devices-designed for fluorescence mode

The independent developed high temperature in situ XAFS experimental device has been

continuously improved, and has developed a high temperature in situ furnace which is suitable for

fluorescence mode, as shown in Figure 1. The shell of the original high temperature device (figure in

the right part) is improved. Incident light windows and fluorescence exit windows on the same plane,

to reduce the volume of the device. In order to enable the fluorescent signal to be more collected by

the detector, the exit window using a conical opening, in the outside with a Be chip seal. The incident

light is the use of the flange and the sealing of polyimide film.

Fig.1 In situ high-T devices-designed for fluorescence mode

(2) The development of Grazing incidence XAFS device

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The grazing incidence XAFS device has been used in Beijing Synchrotron Radiation 1W1B and

1W2B experimental stations. For a variety of thin film substrate samples such as SrTiO3,or the thin

films on the Ge/Si/Al2O3 etc substrate. The single crystal substrate will introduce strong diffraction

peak at some specific energy point, resulting in the X-ray absorption spectra distortion. The surface

of the detector is perpendicular to the sample surface and can effectively weaken the substrate

diffraction peak of the thin film sample, and improve the quality of the X ray absorption spectrum,

with the grazing incidence angle or the incident light angle less than 0.25 degrees. Further, using the

spatial distribution of the 19 element detector (Fig.2), the X - ray absorption spectrum of the non -

substrate diffraction peak was collected, and the experimental data (Fig.3) were optimized.

Fig. 2 GI-XAFS spectra collected by 19 element HPGe detector: only a few channels has diffraction peak

Fig.3 B2-1 (original data); B2-2(optimized data)

(3) The improvement of energy modulated XAFS

Energy modulated XAFS method is to periodic fine tuning the incident X-ray energy, and to

getting modulation signal by using a lock-in amplifier. We used the piezoelectric ceramic actuator to

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driven flexible hinge device cyclical changes in the angle of the double-crystal monochromator. So

the incident X-ray energy cycle changes, and then get the periodic variation of the signal through the

subsequent electronics system; The Cu K-edge energy modulation spectra (Fig.4). Have been

collected in the 4W1A station BSRF.

Fig. 4 the image of modulated XAFS (R）The Cu K-edge energy modulation spectra（L）

According to the theoretical calculation, it is known that the energy modulation XAFS spectrum

of the fundamental frequency is a first order differential spectrum of XAFS, and the energy

modulation XAFS experimental method has the following advantages:

1 modulation absorption spectrum can highlight the micro structure of the conventional XAFS,

and improve the sensitivity of the absorption spectrum measurement.

2 compared to the conventional XAFS, modulation spectrum more a -iR coefficients and the

high R-range that high level of weak signal has amplification effect, more conducive to the high

coordination.

Fig.5 LiMnO3-Mn K edge modulated spectra（R）FT of Nb K-edge modulated spectra（L）

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1W2A-SAXS station

(1) Operation

In 2015, SAXS station was opened to users for two opening periods in dedicated-mode. From

June 22 to July 30, the first dedicated running of SAXS station provided 874h of beam time to 23

users’ projects came from 17 institutions. From October 14 to November 10, the second dedicated

running of SAXS station provided 602h of beam time to 18 users’ projects distributed in 13

institutions. In addition, 66h beam time of parasitic mode was also provided to 3 user’s projects. The

experimental modes included normal SAXS, SAXS/WAXS, GISAXS, GIWAXS, and WAXS. The

experimental types included in-situ SAXS measurements under heating, electric field, or stress

conditions, as well as millisecond time-resolved SAXS measurements. A total of 1542h beam time

was provided to users in 2015.

(2) Improvement of instruments

In 2015, partial devices used for in-situ SAXS measurements were improved. A new

home-made furnace with a maximum temperature of 1000K was equipped as shown in Fig. 1(a).

This furnace can be used for in-situ SAXS measurements to track the morphological change, drying,

oxidation, and growth of sample in a heating process. A stretching device with maximum force of

500N was designed and constructed as shown in Fig.1(b). This stretching device can be used for

in-situ SAXS measurements to monitor the structure change during a deformation process of some

high strength materials, such as metals and metal glasses. Additionally, some small lifting jacks as

shown in Fig.1(c) were designed to stabilize the sample environments and the SAXS system. Based

on the SAXS data collected at the 1W2A SAXS station, users have published about 42 papers in

2015, in which high-quality papers is about 10 as published in academic journals such as Nature

Comm., Macromolecules, Chem. Sci., and so on.

Fig.1 (a) Heating furnace (1000 K) used for in-situ SAXS measurements; (b) Stretching device (500 N) used

for in-situ SAXS measurements; (c) Lifting jacks used to stabilize the SAXS system..

1W2B-Biological Macromolecule Crystallography and XAFS Stations

(1) Operation

Two kinds of running mode, macromolecule crystallography and XAFS, were open to users. 48

proposals from 30 institutes and universities of China were supported in 2015. The percent of the

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effective time was greater than 95% and 35 articles were published.

(2) Research Highlights

(1)Macromolecule crystallography

Iron is essential for all organisms but can be toxic in excess. The regulation of iron

concentrations in prokaryotes is mainly mediated by the ferric uptake regulator (Fur). Fur play key

roles in the synthesis of heme and the pathogenic ability. Prof. Zhongzhou Chen and Ying Li from

China Agricultural University successfully determined six structures of Fur in different states at high

resolution. The findings provide a structural basis for understanding the mechanism of Fur regulation

by transition metal ions and DNA, and offer key foundations for drug design against pathogens. The

data of two different Fur-metal-DNA ternary complex structures were collected at beamline 1W2B,

BSRF. The work was published as article on Nature Communication.

(2) XAFS

Reduction of water to hydrogen through electrocatalysis holds great promise for clean energy,

but its large-scale application relies on the development of inexpensive and efficient catalysts to

replace precious platinum catalysts. Prof. James Tour and Prof. Dongliang Chen reported an

electrocatalyst for hydrogen generation based on very small amounts of cobalt dispersed as

individual atoms on nitrogen-doped graphene. This catalyst is robust and highly active in aqueous

media with very low overpotentials (30 mV). A variety of analytical techniques and electrochemical

measurements suggested that the catalytically active sites are associated with the metal centres

coordinated to nitrogen. This unusual atomic constitution of supported metals is suggestive of a new

approach to preparing extremely efficient single-atom catalysts. The result was published at《Nature

Communications》（Nature Communications, 6, No. 7642）.

3W1A-Biological Macromolecule Crystallography Stations

(1) Operation

Researchers from 49 teams from institutes or universities of China carried out their experiments

on 3W1A station of BSRF and the percent of the effective time was greater than 95%. Thirty-five

theses were published by users in 2015.

(2) Research Highlights

Piezo1 has broad roles in multiple physiological processes, including sensing shear stress of blood

flow for proper blood vessel development, regulating red blood cell function and controlling cell

migration and differentiation. Despite the functional importance of Piezo proteins, their gating

mechanisms and crystal structures are yet to be defined. Prof. Maojun Yang, Ning Gao and Bailong

Xiao from Tsinghua University determined the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the full-length

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(2,547 amino acids) mouse Piezo1 at a resolution of 4.8 Å and the 1.45Å resolution crystal structure

of CED domain, and this provides critical insights into the general architecture, oligomerization state

and topological organization of Piezo channels.

3B1- LIGA and X-ray Lithography Stations

(1) Operation

9 users during the first cycle of dedicated synchrotron radiation running from 22th June to 31th July

were supported, and 5 users were LIGA station users and 2 were nano-lithography station users. 9

users of LIGA station during the second cycle of dedicated synchrotron radiation running from 16th

October to 11th November. 1334 hours’ beamtime were offered totally.

(2) Research Highlights

The research for X-ray micro-nano focusing lens

Micro/nano beam of x-rays as a new research tool are applied in the material research,

geophysical and environmental science, biology, physics and protein crystallography, and so on. The

strong power of the hard X-rays can penetrate to the internal of materials in the three dimensional

scales. The smaller focused beam represents higher space resolution and stronger material

characterization ability. Our research group have fabricated high energy X-ray (> 50 KeV)

micro-focusing combined refraction lens and hard X-ray (5 ~ 50 KeV) Kinoform nano-focusing lens

by LIGA technology.

High energy X-ray micro-focusing combined refraction lens (CRL)

Combined refraction lens is a kind of X-ray focusing lens based on optics refraction principle.

In order to reduce the absorption and increase the effective numerical aperture, the material with

integer times of 2 πin the phase are removed, that is Kinoform type. For the high energy x-rays, we

designed the short Kinoform surface type for micron focusing. So far, two general structure versions

and three special structure versions were completed. All the micro-focusing lens are Ni material, the

effective numerical aperture of them is in several millimeters, the smallest teeth of lens changes from

20 to 2.5 microns, and the depth of lens is not less than 300 microns. Fig.1 shows the SEM

morphology of different high energy X-ray micro-focusing lens. These lens have been tested in

X-ray imaging station of SSRF, and the best test results show that the 50 KeV X-ray can be focused

to 7.5 microns and the gain is 8.

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Fig.1 The SEM morphology of high energy X-ray micro-focus lens and Hard X-ray Kinoform nano-focusing lens

Hard X-ray Kinoform nano-focusing lens

This lens is designed for focusing 5 ~ 50 KeV X-ray, PMMA material to reduce absorption and

long Kinoform surface type. At present, we have completed three kinds of Kinoform nano-focusing

lens. The finest line of the lens is only 2 microns width and the depth reaches 80 microns. The first

version of Kinoform nano-focusing lens with 80 microns aperture have been tested in BSRF imaging

station, and the results show that the 8 KeV X-ray can be focused to 440 nm width. Fig.2 shows the

hard X-ray Kinoform nano-focusing lens in the fabrication process.

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Fig.2 The hard X-ray Kinoform nano-focusing lens in the fabrication process.

4W1A-X-ray Imaging Station

(1) Operation

The X-ray imaging station implemented two dedicated synchrotron radiation operation and

provided three experiment modes which are nano-resolution imaging, diffraction enhanced imaging

and white-beam topography for users in 2015. In the first round from Jun.22, 2015 to Jul.31, 2015,

840 hours’ effective beamtime was offered to 28 user’s proposals. In the second round from Oct.16,

2015 to Nov.10, 2015, 960 hours’ effective beamtime was offered to 31 user’s proposals. Total 25

papers correlative with the research on imaging station had been published in this year.

(2) Construction and development of station

With high pressure, physical and chemical properties of the material are greatly changed. The

fine structure and spatial distribution of the stress and the defects in the material can be obtained by

combining the X-ray imaging technique with the high pressure science instead of using the method

of diffraction and absorption spectroscopy. It provides a new and effective means for the

development of high pressure science. This year, a new method of high pressure imaging based on

nanometer resolution imaging is established on the x-ray imaging station. A high pressure

environmental chamber equipment which can provide 0～50Gpa high pressure on the sample for the

users was developed, seeing Fig.1. A project researched the phase transformation process of metal Ce

under different pressures was implemented. The results were shown in Fig.2.

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Fig.1 The sketch and physical map of the high pressure environment chamber

Fig. 2 The 3D images of the phase transformation process of metal Ce under different pressures

(3) Research highlights

The researchers from National Center for Nanoscience and Technology studied the 3D imaging

of single intracellular metal nanoparticles with nano-resolution X-ray microscope. The study

obtained the 3D distribution of silver nanoparticles in the process of exocytosis, degradation and

efflux. It was found that they were mainly accumulated in the vesicles around the nucleus. The study

revealed the chemical information of silver in the cytotoxicity generating process which provided

direct information to reveal the chemical mechanisms of nanotoxicity for nanosafety assessment and

application fields. Related research results were published in ACS Nano 2015, 9, 6532-6547.

The researchers from University of Science and Technology of China studied the structural

changes of carbon black in the natural rubber carbon black filled system under different strain. The

study built up a network of filler, calculate and analyze the reinforcement of rubber matrix and

energy dissipation mechanism of carbon black filler network under the strain. Related research

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results were published in Macromolecules 2015, 48(21), 7923-7928.

4W1B-Micro-X-ray Fluorescence Analysis Station

(1) Operation

In 2015, there are two runs of dedicated beamtime. From June 22th, 2015 to July 31th, 2015, 22

user programs have been carried out in the first run with effective beamtime of 867 hours. From Oct.

16th, 2015 to Nov. 10th, 2015, 17 user programs have been carried out in the second run with

effective beamtime of 601 hours. During the two runs, the high-flux microscopic fluorescence

mapping technique was available. The X-ray spot size was 50 µm (V)×70 µm (H) at the sample

position, with fixed energy of 15.5 keV.

Besides the routine maintenance and operation of the beamline, we have made great efforts to

upgrade the data-acquisition system and optimize the current experimental techniques. In particular,

we developed wavelength-dispersive spectrometer for high-resolution x-ray fluorescence analysis,

and the energy resolution is evaluated to be about 6 eV over photon energies from 5 keV to 10 keV.

Moreover, we tested a high pressure XAFS arrangement in fluorescence mode, including a

large-opening DAC and a polycapillary-coupled confocal systems. We also upgraded the

experimental platform with a new SDD fluorescence detector, and written new data-acquisition

program. A new suppressing slit for stray light was designed and manufactured, with high

suppressing efficiency. Furthermore, we have carried out some important scientific reaches, such as

the phase transition mechanisms of quartz and quartz homeotypes under pressure, the catalytically active

sites for atomic cobalt on nitrogen-doped graphene for hydrogen generation, and so on.

Owning to the stability and reliability of the beamline, the users of 4W1B have achieved many

breakthroughs in 2015 in life sciences, environmental sciences, archaeology, mineralogy sciences,

biomedicine, public safety and other scientific area, etc. For instance, μ-XRF mapping was used to

unveil the transformation and immobilization of chromium by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi; the

identification and quantification of seleno-proteins was performed by μ-XRF mapping in

selenium-enriched yeasts. Nowadays, the -XRF based techniques have become an important and

standard experimental method for many research areas, such as medical sciences, environmental

sciences and biological sciences.

(2) Experimental Techniques and methods development, user support

μ-XRF mapping using SDD detector

The XRF data acquisition system in the 4W1B beamline has shown many problems, such as the

electronics system aging, frequent scanning breakdown, and anomalous errors reports, and brought

many troubles to the users. To facilitate the experimental measurement, we have upgraded the

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experimental platform with a new SDD fluorescence detector, and written new data-acquisition

program. The new system has passed routine testing (Fig. 1), exhibiting high stability.

Fig.1 New data-acquisition program for SDD fluorescence detector

New suppressing slit for stray light

Stray light is a disaster to the XRF measurement, due to the extrinsic background that can

distort the acquired spectra and result in the low accuracy for the obtained results. In 2015, we have

designed and manufactured a new suppressing slit for stray light, which is expected to suppress the

stray light efficiently. Then, XRF data will be acquired with an improved quality and high accuracy.

Fig.2 Side vies of the new suppressing slit for stray light

(3) Research Highlights

In 2015, users of 4W1B published 8 articles, of which 7 were included by SCI. The staff at

4W1B published 7 articles and all were included by SCI.

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Universal elastic-hardening-driven mechanical instability in α-quartz and quartz

homeotypes under pressure

As a fundamental property of pressure-induced amorphization (PIA) in ice and ice-like

materials (notably α-quartz), the occurrence of mechanical instability can be related to violation of

Born criteria for elasticity. The most outstanding elastic feature of α-quartz before PIA has been

experimentally reported to be the linear softening of shear modulus C44, which was proposed to

trigger the transition through Born criteria B3. However, by using density-functional theory, The staff

of 4W1B beamline surprisingly found that both C44 and C66 in α-quartz exhibit strong nonlinearity

under compression and the Born criteria B3 vanishes dominated by stiffening of C14, instead of by

decreasing of C44. Further studies of archetypal quartz homeotypes (GeO2 and AlPO4) repeatedly

reproduced the same elastic-hardening-driven mechanical instability, suggesting a universal feature

of this family of crystals and challenging the long-standing idea that negative pressure derivatives of

individual elastic moduli can be interpreted as the precursor effect to an intrinsic structural instability

preceding PIA. The implications of this elastic anomaly in relation to the dispersive softening of the

lowest acoustic branch and the possible transformation mechanism were also discussed. The results

have been published in Scientific Reports (Sci. Rep. 5, 10810 (2015)).

The catalytically active sites for atomic cobalt on nitrogen-doped graphene for hydrogen

generation

Reduction of water to hydrogen through electrocatalysis holds great promise for clean energy,

but its large-scale application relies on the development of inexpensive and efficient catalysts to

replace precious platinum catalysts.

The group led by Prof. James M. Tour from Rice University in US, collaborated with the staff of

4W1B beamline, reported an electrocatalyst for hydrogen generation based on very small amounts of

cobalt dispersed as individual atoms on nitrogen-doped graphene. This catalyst is robust and highly

active in aqueous media with very low overpotentials (30 mV). A variety of analytical techniques and

electrochemical measurements, suggest that the catalytically active sites are associated with the

metal centers coordinated to nitrogen. This unusual atomic constitution of supported metals is

suggestive of a new approach to preparing extremely efficient single-atom catalysts. The results have

been published in Nature Communications (Nat. Commun. 6, 8668 (2015)).

μ-XRF reveals the transformation and immobilization of chromium by Arbuscular

Mycorrhizal Fungi

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), ubiquitous soil fungi that form symbiotic relationships

with the majority of terrestrial plants, are known to play an important role in plant tolerance to

chromium (Cr) contamination. However, the underlying mechanisms, especially the direct influences

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of AMF on the translocation and transformation of Cr in the soil–plant continuum, are still

unresolved.

The group led by Prof. Baodong Chen from Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences

(Chinese Academy of Sciences) has investigated the uptake, translocation, and transformation of

Cr(VI) by AMF in a two-compartment root-organ cultivation system. The results indicated that AMF

can immobilize quantities of Cr via reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), forming Cr(III)–phosphate

analogues, likely on the fungal surface. Besides this, they also confirmed that the extraradical

mycelium (ERM) can actively take up Cr and transport Cr to mycorrhizal roots but immobilize most

of the Cr(III) in the fungal structures. Based on an X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy analysis

of Cr(VI)-treated roots, they proposed that the intraradical fungal structures can also immobilize Cr

within mycorrhizal roots. Their findings confirmed the immobilization of Cr by AMF, which plays

an essential role in the Cr(VI) tolerance of AM symbioses. The results have been published in ES&T

(Environ. Sci. Technol. 49, 14036 (2015)).

Identification and quantification of seleno-proteins by μ-XRF mapping in selenium-enriched

yeasts

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for living organisms but is toxic at high

concentration. Thus, speciation analysis of Se in supplements is necessary and has been carried out

by many researchers. HPLC combined with ICP-MS is mostly used to analyze Se content and

speciation in Se-containing compounds, which can be used to identify Se species at the μg/g level.

However, HPLC also has its limitations. For example, reversed phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) can only

separate compounds with no or little polarity and cannot analyze macromolecular compounds like

proteins and polypeptides.

Dr. Jiating Zhao of Prof. Yuxi Gao’s group in the multidisciplinary center of Institute of High

Energy Physics developed a comprehensive approach that can identify and quantify selenium (Se) in

seleno-proteins in Se-enriched yeast. The detection limit (DL) of SR-XRF analysis for Se

quantification in Se-containing proteins after 2-DE separation was calculated to be 0.20 μg/g, which

is suitable for Se quantification in the Se-containing spots present on the 2-D gel. Se contents in all

the Se-containing proteins of different molecular weights were quantified. The results have been

published in Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry (J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 30, 1408 (2015)).

4W2-High Pressure Research Station

(1) Operation

During the two runs of dedicated synchrotron radiation mode in 2015, three kinds of operating

mode, conventional angular dispersion X-ray diffraction, radial X-ray diffraction and single crystal

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X-ray diffraction, were provided for users in High Pressure Research Station. Totally 37 research

projects from 21 units and 1481 hours beam time were arranged. Through the effort of the staffs of

the experimental station, the efficiency and sharing rate of the effective beam time both had reached

100% in this year.

There are 47 research papers that have been published using the experimental set-up of HP

station in 2015, 43 of which are from the users and 4 of which are from the staff. Totally of them are

indexed by SCI.

(2) Progress in Experimental Technique and Instruments

A set of pulse laser drill system (shown in Fig. 1) has been constructed to drilling holes on the

gasket which is made from T301, Re and other metallic materials. The drill system can drill any size

holes of lager than 40 microns in diameter and leave a clear edge after drilling.

Fig.1 The pulse laser drill system

Supported by Special Funds for Repair and Purchase of The Chinese Academy of Sciences, a

2-D detector Pilatus3 2M (shown in Fig.2) was purchased, incorporated into the existing High

Pressure X-Ray Diffraction Experimental Platform and made operational for routine use. Pilatus3

2M detector has the advantages of short readout time, no readout noise, no dark current and so on,

which can help to improve the operating efficiency of High Pressure Research Station during

dedicated synchrotron radiation mode.

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Fig.2 Pilatus3 2M detector at High Pressure Research Station

More progresses have been achieved on the dynamic loading experiment method in 2015. Fig. 3

shows the test results of the dynamic DAC (Diamond Anvil Cell). As shown in the left of Fig. 3, the

measured compressing rate reached 12100 GPa/s by High-Pressure XRD with Pt as sample and the

pressure from 16.7 GPa to 28.8 GPa in one millisecond. The timing sequence diagram of

compression and exposure is shown in the right of Fig. 3. Due to the limitation of the light source,

the diffraction measurement in smaller time resolution scale can’t be carried out in High Pressure

Research Station. In the following work, we will complete the measurement of compressing rate in

higher time resolution using the fluorescence method.

Fig.3 The test results of the dynamic DAC. The left shows the measured compressing rate by HP XRD, and

the right shows the timing sequence diagram.

(3) Research Highlights

Isotropic Negative Area Compressibility over Large Pressure Range in Potassium Beryllium

Fluoroborate and its Potential Applications in Deep Ultraviolet Region

The article published at Advanced Materials by Prof. Zheshuai Lin has reported the result about

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Isotropic negative area compressibility, which is observed in KBBF. The related mechanism is

investigated by combined high-pressure X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments and first-principles

calculations. The strong mechanical anisotropy leads to a large Poisson's ratio and high figure of

merit for the acoustic-optics effect, giving KBBF potential applications as smart strain converters

and deep-ultraviolet (DUV) acoustic-optic devices

Hierarchical densification and negative thermal expansion in Ce-based metallic glass under

high pressure

Prof. Qiang Luo’ group has reported the result about Hierarchical densification and negative

thermal expansion in Ce-based metallic glass under high pressure in Nature Communication. The

polyamorphsim in amorphous materials is one of the most fascinating topics in condensed matter

physics. In amorphous metals, the nature of polyamorphic transformation is poorly understood. Here

we investigate the structural evolution of a Ce-based metallic glass (MG) with pressure at room

temperature (RT) and near the glass transition temperature by synchrotron X-ray diffraction,

uncovering novel behaviours. The MG shows hierarchical densification processes at both

temperatures, arising from the hierarchy of interatomic interactions. In contrast with a continuous

and smooth process for the low- to medium-density amorphous state transformation at RT, a

relatively abrupt and discontinuous transformation around 5.5 GPa is observed at 390 K, suggesting a

possible weak first-order nature. Furthermore, both positive and abnormal-negative thermal

expansion behaviours on medium-range order are observed in different pressure windows, which

could be related to the low-energy vibrational motions and relaxation of the weakly linked

solute-centred clusters.

4B7-Mid-energy and Soft X-ray Optics Stations

(1) Operation

In 2015, 4B7A medium energy X-ray experimental station supplied efficient machine time of

759 hours for users in the first stage of dedicated synchrotron radiation, in the period of which 12

project topics were finished. In the second stage, this station supplied efficient machine time of 566

hours for users and 17 project topics were finished. In the total machine time, the experiments on

environment science occupied 30 percent; the experiments on material science occupied 18.4%; the

calibration of detectors and filters occupied 51.6%. In addition, this station also supplied machine

time of 28 hours for users in the period of parasitic mode of synchrotron radiation.

4B7B soft X-ray experimental station supplied efficient machine time of 776 hours for users in

the first stage of dedicated synchrotron radiation, in the period of which 9 project topics were

finished. In the second stage, this station supplied efficient machine time of 554 hours for users and

13 project topics were finished. In the total machine time, the experiments on environment science

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occupied 7.4%; the experiments on material science occupied 31.9%; calibration experiments

occupied 60.7%. In addition, this station also supplied machine time of 172 hours for users in the

period of parasitic mode of synchrotron radiation.

(2) Research Highlights

About 19 articles in which scientific activities were performed in 4B7A medium energy X-ray

experimental station were published in 2015. These articles involve research areas of soil, minerals,

battery, tribology, catalytic and X-ray optics etc.

About 13 articles in which scientific activities were performed in 4B7B soft X-ray experimental

station were published in 2015. These articles involve research areas of synchrotron radiation

methodology, carbon nanomaterial, PM2.5 and X-ray optics.

(3) Primary standard radiometry device for X-ray

Regarded as the highest accuracy primary standard detectors from the infrared to the soft X-ray

region, cryogenic electrical substitution radiometers (ESR) (Fig.1) are well established in radiometry

to determine radiant power with low uncertainties at beamline 4B7A of Beijing Synchrotron

Radiation Facility (BSRF). It is operated at 10K temperature by a 10K cold head. The cavity

absorber of ESR is thermally linked to a fixed temperature heat sink via a heat resistance and

equipped with a thermometer and a heater that allows the supply of electrical heating power. The

absorber temperature is kept constant by an active control. When radiation is provided, the electrical

heating power required to keep the absorber at constant temperature undergoes a reduction

equivalent to the incident radiant power so that the radiant power is obtained through the

measurement of the electrical heating power.

Fig.1 ESR connected with BSRF-4B7A beamline

2015 project of BSRF

78

The absorbers, with a cylindrical shell made of copper, in combination with a thermal

sensitivity of around 50mK/µW and a time constant of less than 2min, which is short compared with

the lifetime of about 10 hours for the storage ring current. The measurement of the radiant power of

monochromatized X-ray was achieved with relative standard uncertainties of less than 1% (2a level),

in the dynamic range of 500nW to 50µW, covering the entire photon energy range of beamline 4B7A

from 2.1eV to 5.5keV. The X-ray power of 702.4nW was measured by ESR with relative standard

uncertainties of 0.5% (2a level), which is shown in Fig. 2.

10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

吸收体温度

吸收体功率

(μ

W)

Time (Minutes)

吸收体功率

11.5298μW

10.8279μW

10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5

11.450

11.452

11.454

11.456

11.458

11.460

11.462

吸收体温度

(K

)

Time (Minutes)

Fig.2 X-ray power measured at beamline 4B7A

Moreover, An active cavity radiometer(Fig.3) with a cone absorber that operates at 4-6 K by a

4K cold head is being constructed for measuring radiant fluxes covering the entire photon energy

range of beamline 4B7B from 50eV to 2.0keV in the dynamic range of 50nW to 5µW within an

uncertainty of 1% (2a level).

2015 project of BSRF

79

Fig.3 ESR for beamline 4B7B

4B8-VUV Station

4B8 beamline is optimized for VUV spectroscopy measurement, especially for steady-state and

dynamic synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) and fluorescence detections. It is

operational under both synchrotron dedicated and high energy physics mode. Remote access is

available for the fluorescence measurement. In the mean time, laser-pump/X-ray probe method has

been developed for ultrafast X-ray detection.

(1) Beamline and Running

Beamline parameters:

Wavelength range： 125-360 nm

bandwidth： 0.8 nm

Intensity: 1010

-1011

photons/s/

In 2015, 4B8 beamline provided dedicated beamtime to 24 users. 30 articles were published by

users.

(2) VUV spectroscopy

Prof. Liang Hong-Bin Group from SUN YAT-SEN University published a series of papers on

luminescent materials by VUV excited fluorescence spectroscopy, as shown in Fig.1. All of their data

collection were performed through remote control method.

2015 project of BSRF

80

Fig.1 Electronic Properties of Ce3+

-Doped Sr3Al2O5Cl2: A Combined Spectroscopic and Theoretical Study,

J.Phys.Chem.C, 2015

(3) Ultrafast X-ray method development

We develop ultrafast X-ray detection with laser-pump X-ray probe scheme based on both laboratory

table X-ray source and synchrotron. The sub-picosecond XRD detection has been realized on table

source and open to users. The control unit of table X-ray source was upgraded with remarkable

improvement in stability. In the meantime, the development of laser-pump X-ray probe using

synchrotron has made profound progress this year and hopefully will be open to users in 2016.

4B9A -XRD station

(1) Operation

In 2015, XRD experimental station was opened to users for two opening periods in

dedicated-mode. In the first opening period (from June 22 to July 31), XRD station provided users

with 849h of beam time to 26 research projects. In the second opening period (from Oct. 16 to Nov.

10), total 579h of beam time were provided to 17 research projects. The experimental modes

included high/low-temperature powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray powder diffraction with Mythen

detector, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

(2) Improvement of experimental equipments

In 2015, X-ray diffraction anomalous fine structure (DAFS) technique was further developed

and improved. The (113) diffraction peak of Fe3O4 powder was used as research object. First, the

DAFS spectrum of (113) diffraction peak was collected by using the 6-circle Diffractometer. To

remove the fluorescence background from the sample and correct the different responses of point

detector, the fluorescence background was collected by detuning the sample by 1° in a θ-2θ scan.

The detector response was measured by recording the incident X-ray intensity as a function of energy.

2015 project of BSRF

81

After corrections of fluorescence background and detector response, the DAFS spectrum of (113)

peak is shown in Fig. 1(a). Second, Mythen detector was also used to collect the DAFS spectrum of

the (113) diffraction peak of Fe3O4 powder. To remedy the missing data between Mythen modules,

the DAFS measurements were repeatedly twice in two different positions (0° and 2°) of the Mythen

detector. Then the two DAFS spectra were spliced together to get an integrated DAFS spectrum as

shown in Fig. 1(b). The preliminary result demonstrates that the final DAFS spectra obtained with

the above two methods are consistent, but the Mythen method can save much time. A further

improvement is necessary for collecting the DAFS data with Mythen detector.

6800 7000 7200 7400 7600 7800 8000 8200

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Abs. edge

(a)DAFS_Fe3O

4--(113) peak

Measured by Diffractometer

DA

FS

In

ten

sit

y (

a.u

.)

Energy (eV)

Raw data

Fluorescence background

Instrument response

Corrected data

6800 7000 7200 7400 7600 7800 8000 8200

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7(b) DAFS_Fe

3O

4--(113) peak

Measured by Mythen detector

DA

FS

In

ten

sit

y (

a.u

.)

Energy (eV)

DAFS(113)_1

DAFS(113)_2

DAFS_113

Abs. edge

Fig.1 DAFS spectra of powder Fe3O4 (113) diffraction peaks collected with the 6-circle Diffractometer (a) or

the Mythen detector (b) at beamline 4B9A of BSRF.

4B9B-Photoemission Spectroscopy Station

(1) Operation

During the year 2015 we had two rounds of dedicated beam time available commissioning to

user, there were 23 research projects carried out about 1479hrs of experiments at the photoemission

endstation.

(2) Development of experimental technique

According to actual requirements posed by user since the equipment delivered to operation, we

find that a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) chamber is indispensable for the endstation being

comprehensive. We then decided connect a MBE chamber to the spare window in the radial

distribution chamber (RDC) left for future upgrading. The designed MBE has been manufactured

and arrived at the lab as shown in Fig.1, and it is ready to be delivered to user. Around the RDC there

are already six ultrahigh vacuum chambers.

2015 project of BSRF

82

Fig.1 Photo of the photoemission endstation, initially there were six high vacuum chambers bounded to the

sample transfer chamber each with its special functionality, now here an additional MBE chamber is ready to be

connected to the central chamber.

(3) Research Highlights

Hydrogen has rather complex chemical states in nature including H+, H

0 and H

−, which makes

its behaviors in the host materials complicated. A fuller understanding of the interactions between

oxide materials and hydrogen is crucial for the research and successful applications of such materials

in a broad range of scientific and technological fields from green energy techniques to electronics

industries. The rutile TiO2 as being an important member of those oxides family shows promising

application prospects in some rapidly growing hydrogen-related technologies such as hydrogen

production, and solar cells because of its excellent properties and ready accessibility. But different

group’s research work on the chemical states of the hydrogen in TiO2 have rather different

conclusions. Regarding such situation, research team lead by professor Jiang-Li Cao in the

University of Science and Technology Beijing carried out a detailed investigation in electronic

structure of TiO2 defect states created by treating at different hydrogen conditions. Photoemission

spectroscopy as being one important tool used to study the defect states, it has played key role in the

justification of chemical states exhibiting in the system. The rutile’s valence band maximum (VBM)

positions appear at different points with the treatment conditions and are highly consistent with

2015 project of BSRF

83

results obtained by other methods, proving that different initial state of hydrogen in-lead the rutile

lead to different chemical states of hydrogen in the system. Experimental results indicate that when

the TiO2 is treated with molecular H2, hydrogen then exists in the form of H-, while treated with

atomic H then forms H+ state.

2015 Publications

84

2015 Publications

No. Title Journal Informaion Author

1

The studies of irradiation assisted stress corrosion

cracking on reactor internals stainless steel under Xe

irradiation

Journal of Nuclear Materials,

2015, 457, 130–134 Wang Rongshan

2

A broadband antireflective coating based on a

double-layer system containing mesoporous silica and

nanoporous silica

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2015, 3,

7187-7194 Sun Jinghua

3

A novel magnetoresistance induced by charge

ordering in

ferromagnetic/charge-ordered/ferromagnetic trilayers

Europhysics Letters, 2015,

112, 27007 Wang Haiou

4

Air-stable ambipolar organic field-effect transistors

based on naphthalenediimide–diketopyrrolopyrrole

copolymers

RSC Adv., 2015, 5,

19520-19527 Wang Ping

5

Effect of alkyl-chain branching position on nanoscale

morphology and performance of all-polymer solar

cells

RSC Adv., 2015, 5,

10072-10080 Liu Fangbin

6 Effect of chain curvature on the performance of

diketopyrrolopyrrole-based polymer solar cells

Polym. Chem., 2015, 6,

6637-6643 Li Hui

7

Effect of fluorine substitution on the photovoltaic

performance of poly(thiophene-quinoxaline)

copolymers

Polym. Chem., 2015, 6,

8203-8213 Zi Qiao

8

Effect of hydrogen on low temperature epitaxial

growth of polycrystalline silicon by hot wire chemical

vapor deposition

Journal of Semiconductors,

2015, 36 (2), 023004 Cao Yong

9

Effect of Xe26+ ion irradiation on the microstructural

evolution and mechanical properties of Zr–1Nb at

room and high temperature

Journal of Nuclear Materials,

2015, 461, 78–84 Chunguang Yan

10 Effects of Thermal Annealing on the Solvent Additive

P3HT PC61BM Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

Chinese Physics Letters, 2015,

32 (5), 161-165 Fan Xing

11

Enhancing the organic thin-film transistor

performance of

diketopyrrolopyrrole–benzodithiophene copolymers

via the modification of both conjugated backbone and

side chain

Polym. Chem., 2015, 6,

5369-5375 Zhengran Yi

12

Enhancing the photovoltaic performance of

quinoxalino[2,3-b′]porphyrinatozinc-based

donor–acceptor copolymers by using 4,4′-bipyridine

as a linear bidentate ligand additive

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3,

21460-21470 Liwei Wang

2015 Publications

85

13

Fabrication of highly oriented large-scale TIPS

pentacene crystals and transistors by the Marangoni

effect-controlled growth method

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.,

2015, 17, 6274-6279 Haoyan Zhao

14

Face-On and Edge-On Orientation Transition and

Self-Epitaxial Crystallization of All-Conjugated

Diblock Copolymer

Macromolecules, 2015, 48

(20), 7557–7566 Hua Yan

15 Formation and local conduction of nanopits in BiFeO3

epitaxial films

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2015, 3,

11250-11256 Yajuan Zhao

16

High performance quinacridone-based polymers in

film transistors and photovoltaics: effects of vinylene

linkage on crystallinity and morphology

Polym. Chem., 2015, 6,

3283-3289 Hui Li

17

Highly sensitive thin film phototransistors based on a

copolymer of benzodithiophene and

diketopyrrolopyrrole

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2015, 3,

1942-1948 Lanchao Ma

18

High-performance polymer field-effect transistors

fabricated with low-bandgap DPP-based

semiconducting materials

Polym. Chem., 2015, 6,

6457-6464 Zupan Mao

19

Hysteresis phenomena of the two dimensional electron

gas density in lattice-matched InAlN/GaN

heterostructures

Appl. Phys. Lett., 2015, 107,

052102 Ling Sang

20 Insight into Metalized Interfaces in Nano-Devices by

Surface Analytical Techniques

ACS Appl. Mater. Inter., 2015,

7 (49), 27351–27356 Qingyun Xiang

21 Irradiation-induced structural transitions in Ti2AlC Acta Materialia, 2015, 98,

197–205 Chenxu Wang

22

Nano structure evolution in P3HT:PC61BM blend

films due to the effects of thermal annealing or by

adding solvent

Chinese Physics B, 2015, 24

(7), 078401 Fan Xing

23

Naphtho[1,2b;5,6b′]difuran-based donor–acceptor

polymers for high performance organic field-effect

transistors

RSC Adv., 2015, 5,

70319-70322 Shaowei Shi

24 Novel dialkoxy-substituted benzodithienothiophenes

for high-performance organic field-effect transistors

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2015, 3,

10892-10897 Ji Zhang

25 Spirobifluorene-based acceptors for polymer solar

cells: Effect of isomers

Dyes and Pigments, 2015, 123,

16–25 Jiayu Wang

26 Study on microstructure and mechanical properties of

He and H ion irradiated 6H-SiC

Nuclear Instruments and

Methods in Physics Research

Section B, 2015, 365, 347–351

Q. Bai

27 Synergistic Effect of Polymer and Small Molecules

for High-Performance Ternary Organic Solar Cells

Advanced Materials, 2015, 27

(6), 1071–1076 Yajie Zhang

28 Synthesis, Characterization, and Field-Effect

Transistors Properties of Novel Copolymers

Macromolecules, 2015, 48 (8),

2444–2453 Chao Li

2015 Publications

86

Incorporating Nonplanar

Biindeno[2,1-b]thiophenylidene Building Blocks

29

The Influence of InGaN Interlayer on the Performance

of InGaN/GaN Quantum-Well-Based LEDs at High

Injections

Chinese Physics Letters, 2015,

32 (2), 027802 Rajabi Kamran

30 The role of conjugated side chains in high

performance photovoltaic polymers

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3,

2802-2814 Meng Wang

31

Transparent and Dense Ladder-Like Alkylene-Bridged

Polymethylsiloxane Coating with Enhanced Water

Vapor Barrier Property

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces,

2015, 7 (40), 22157–22165 Ce Zhang

32

Tuning the Semiconducting Behaviors of New

Alternating Dithienyldiketopyrrolopyrrole–Azulene

Conjugated Polymers by Varying the Linking

Positions of Azulene

Macromolecules, 2015, 48

(7), 2039–2047 Jingjing Yao

33

Semi-crystalline polymethylene-b-poly(acrylic acid)

diblock copolymers: aggregation behavior, confined

crystallization and controlled growth of

semicrystalline micelles from dilute DMF solution

Soft Matter., 2015, 11,

1778-1787 Hongfang Wang

34 Impact of thickness on microscopic and macroscopic

properties of Fe-Te-Se superconductor thin films

AIP Advances, 2015, 5,

047149 Zhang Nian

35

Vectorial Electron Transfer for Improved Hydrogen

Evolution by Mercaptopropionic-Acid-Regulated

CdSe Quantum-Dots–TiO2–Ni(OH)2 Assembly

ChemSusChem, 2015, 8 (4),

642-649. Yu Shan

36

Molecular binding mechanisms of manganese to the

root cell wall of Phytolacca americana L. using

multiple spectroscopic techniques

Journal of Hazardous

Materials, 2015, 296, 185-91 Xiangxu Hua

37

Optimal azimuthal orientation for Si(111)

double-crystal monochromators to achieve the least

amount of glitches in the hard X-ray region

Journal of Synchrotron

Radiation, 2015, 22,1147-1150 Zheng Tang

38

Structure and properties of vanadium(V)-doped

hexagonal turbostratic birnessite and its enhanced

scavenging of Pb2+ from solutions.

Journal of Hazardous

Materials, 2015, 288, 80–88 Hui Yin

39 High Co-doping promotes the transition of birnessite

layer symmetry from orthogonal to hexagonal

Chemical Geology, 2015, 410,

12–20 Hui Yin

40

Structure and properties of Co-doped cryptomelane

and its enhanced removal of Pb2+

and Cr3+

from

wastewater

Journal of Environmental

Sciences, 2015, 34, 77–85 Hui Li

41

Absorption mechanisms of Cu on a biogenic

bixbyite-like Mn2O3 produced by Bacillus CUA

isolated from soil

Geochemical Transactions,

2015, 16(5) , 1-9 Zhijun Zhang

42 Introduction of Amino Groupsinto Acid-resistant Journal of Materials Chemistry Bai Liqiang

2015 Publications

87

MOFs for Enhanced U(VI) Sorption A, 2015, 3, 525-534

43

Efficient removal of uranium from aqueous solution

by zero-valent iron nanoparticle and its graphene

composite

J. Hazard. Mater., 2015, 290,

26-33 Li Zijie

44 Translocation and biotransformation of CuO

nanoparticles in rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants

Environmental Pollution,

2015, 197, 99-107 Peng Cheng

45

Ultra-small gold nanoparticles immobilized on

mesoporous silica/graphene oxide as highly active and

stable heterogeneous catalysts

Chemical Communications,

2015, 51, 4398-4401 Peng Li

46

Enhanced electrocatalytic activity of MoP

microparticles for hydrogen evolution by grinding and

electrochemical activation

Journal of Materials Chemistry

A, 2015, 3, 4368-4373 Wang Tanyuan

47

In-situDRIFTS and XANES identification of copper

species in the ternary composite oxide catalysts

CuMnCeO during CO preferential oxidation

International Journal of

Hydrogen Energy, 2015, 40,

3919-3931

Jin Hui

48 铜负载量对 LNT催化剂 CuO-K2CO3/TiO2结构与性

能的影响

Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin., 2015,

31 (9), 1761–1770 Fan Fengqi

49

Insight into the improvement effect of the Ce doping

into the SnO2 catalyst for the catalytic combustion of

methane

Applied Catalysis B, 2015,

176, 542-552 Liu Cheng

50

Origin of the Different Phytotoxicity and

Biotransformation of Cerium and Lanthanum Oxide

Nanoparticles in Cucumber

Nanotoxicology, 2015, 9 (2),

262-270 Yuhui Ma

51 Where Does the Transformation of Precipitated Ceria

Nanoparticles in Hydroponic Plants Take Place?

Environmental Science &

Technology, 2015, 49 (17),

10667-10674.

Yuhui Ma

52 Fate and Phytotoxicity of CeO2 Nanoparticles on

Lettuce Cultured in the Potting Soil Environment

PloS one, 2015, 10 (8),

e0134261. Xin Gui

53 Acquired Superoxide-Scavenging Ability of Ceria

Nanoparticles

Angewandte Chemie

International Edition, 2015,

54(6), 1832-1835

Li Yuanyuan

54 Quantifying the total ionic release from nanoparticles

after particle-cell contact

Environmental Pollution,

2015, 196, 194-200 He Xiao

55 不同种群蜈蚣草中砷形态的 X射线吸收光谱研究 光谱学与光谱分析, 2015,

35(8), 2329-2332 Wan Xiaoming

56

Probing the Influence of the Conjugated Structure and

Halogen Atoms of Poly-Iron-Phthalocyanine on the

Oxygen Reduction Reaction by X-ray Absorption

Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory

Electrochimica Acta, 2015,

154, 102–109 Yingxiang Peng

57 Modification of eutectic Si in Al–Si alloys with Eu

addition

Acta Materialia, 2015,

84,153–163 J.H. Li

2015 Publications

88

58

Heterogeneous activation of Oxone by substituted

magnetites Fe3−xMxO4 (Cr, Mn, Co, Ni) for

degradation of Acid Orange II at neutral pH

Journal of Molecular Catalysis

A, 2015, 398, 86–94 Gaoling Wei

59 Influence of vanadium doping on the supercapacitance

performance of hexagonal birnessite

Journal of Power Sources,

2015, 277, 26-35 Lihu Liu

60

Ligand-tailored single-site silica supported titanium

catalysts: Synthesis, characterization and towards

cyanosilylation reaction

Journal of Solid State

Chemistry, 2015, 221,

208–215

Wei Xu

61

Multifunctional Au-Fe3O4@MOF core–shell

nanocomposite catalysts with controllable reactivity

and magnetic recyclability

Nanoscale, 2015, 7,

1201–1208 Fei Ke

62

Cu-Decorated Ru Catalysts Supported on Layered

Double Hydroxides for Selective Benzene

Hydrogenation to Cyclohexene

ChemCatChem, 2015, 7 (5),

846–855 Jie Liu

63 The local distortion and electronic behavior in Mn

doped BiFeO3

Journal of Alloys and

Compounds, 2015, 633,

216–219

Longsheng Chen

64 Accumulation, speciation and uptake pathway of ZnO

nanoparticles in maize

Environmental Science Nano,

2015, 2, 68–77 Jitao Lv

65

Hybridization and pore engineering for achieving

high-performance lithium storage of carbide as anode

material

Nano Energy, 2015, 12,

152–160 Ying Xiao

66 Transformation of ceria nanoparticles in cucumber

plants is influenced by phosphate

Environmental Pollution,

2015, 198, 8-14 Yukui Rui

67 Novel HCN sorbents based on layered double

hydroxides: Sorption mechanism and performance

Journal of Hazardous

Materials, 2015, 285, 250–258 Qian Zhao

68 Metallic Nickel Nitride Nanosheets Realizing

Enhanced Electrochemical Water Oxidation

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2015, 137,

4119−4125 Kun Xu

69 Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation by Using

Amorphous Ni–Co Double Hydroxides Nanocages

Adv. Energy Mater., 2015, 5,

1401880 Jianwei Nai

70 Activated-carbon-supported K–Co–Mo catalysts for

synthesis of higher alcohols from syngas

Catal. Sci. Technol. 2015, 5,

2925-2934 Meimei Lv

71 CoOOH Nanosheets with High Mass Activity for

Water Oxidation

Angewandte

Chemie-International Edition,

2015, 54, 8722 –8727

Junheng Huang

72

Manganese-Modified Fe3O4 Microsphere Catalyst

with Effective Active Phase of Forming Light Olefins

from Syngas

ACS Catal., 2015, 5 (6),

3905–3909 Yi Liu

73 Biomineralization of Se nanoshpere by Bacillus

licheniformis

Journal of Earth Science, 2015,

26 (2), 246–250 Yongqiang Yuan

74 Local atomic and electronic structures in Physical Review B, 2015, 92, Zhen Liu

2015 Publications

89

ferromagnetic topological insulator Cr-doped

(BixSb1−x)2Te3 studied by XAFS and ab initio

calculations

100101(R)

75 Sol–gel synthesis and electrochemical properties of

c-axis oriented LiCoO2 for lithium-ion batteries

RSC Advances, 2015, 5,

51483–51488 Sen Gao

76 Free-volume dependent atomic dynamics in beta

relaxation pronounced La-based metallic glasses

Acta Materialia, 2015, 99,

290–296 X.D. Wang

77

Well-dispersed cobalt phthalocyanine nanorods on

graphene for the electrochemical detection of

hydrogen peroxide and glucose sensing

Sensors and Actuators B:

Chemical, 2015, 216, 298–306 Huahua Wang

78

Heteroatomic Ni, Sn Clusters-Grafted Anatase TiO2

Photocatalysts: Structure, Electron Delocalization, and

Synergy for Solar Hydrogen Production

The Journal of Physical

Chemistry C, 2015, 119,

10478−10492

Haowei Huang

79

In situ visualisation and characterisation of the

capacity of highly reactive minerals to preserve soil

organic matter (SOM) in colloids at submicron scale

Chemosphere, 2015, 138,

225–232 Jian Xiao

80

Initial Reaction Mechanism of Platinum Nanoparticle

in Methanol–Water System and the Anomalous

Catalytic Effect of Water

Nano Letters, 2015, 15,

5961−5968

Shuangming

Chen

81

Stable Metallic 1T-WS2 Nanoribbons Intercalated

with Ammonia Ions: The Correlation between

Structure and Electrical/Optical Properties

Adv. Mater., 2015, 27,

4837–4844 Qin Liu

82 Charge redistribution and a shortening of the Fe-As

bond at the quantum critical point of SmO1-xFxFeAs

Journal of Synchrotron

Radiation, 2015, 22,

1030–1034

Jie Cheng

83 Catalytic behavior of supported Ru nanoparticles on

the {1 0 0}, {1 1 0}, and {1 1 1} facet of CeO2

Journal of Catalysis, 2015,

329, 177–186 Fei Wang

84

Metal Phosphides Derived from Hydrotalcite

Precursors toward the Selective Hydrogenation of

Phenylacetylene

ACS Catalysis, 2015, 5,

5756−5765 Yudi Chen

85

Ru nanoparticles on rutile/anatase junction of P25

TiO2: Controlled deposition and synergy in partial

hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene

Journal of Catalysis, 2015,

332, 119–126 Gongbing Zhou

86

Gram-Scale Aqueous Synthesis of Stable

Few-Layered 1T-MoS2: Applications for

Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen

Evolution

Small, 2015, 11 (41),

5556–5564 Qin Liu

87 Effective deoxygenation of fatty acids over Ni(OAc)2

in the absence of H2 and solvent

Green Chemistry, 2015, 17,

4198–4205 Wenjing Li

88 Suppression of Lanthanide Clustering in Glass by

Network Topological Constraints

Journal of The American

Ceramic Society, 2015, 98 (10) Qiangbing Guo

2015 Publications

90

2976–2979

89

Enhanced activity and stability of binuclear iron (III)

phthalocyanine on graphene nanosheets for

electrocatalytic oxygen reduction in acid

Journal of Power Sources,

2015, 293, 511-518 Tengfei Li

90

The Effects of Mn2+

Precursors on the Structure and

Ozone Decomposition Activity of Cryptomelane-Type

Manganese Oxide (OMS-2) Catalysts

The Journal of Physical

Chemistry C, 2015, 119,

23119−23126

Caixia Wang

91 Citric Acid Enhanced Copper Removal by a Novel

Multi-amines Decorated Resin

Scientific Reports, 2015, 5,

9944 Chen Ling

92 Cube-like Cu2MoS4 photocatalysts for visible

light-driven degradation of methyl orange

AIP Advances, 2015, 5,

077130 Ke Zhang

93

Synthesis of Amorphous Ni−Zn Double Hydroxide

Nanocages with Excellent Electrocatalytic Activity

toward Oxygen Evolution Reaction

ChemNanoMat, 2015, 1, 324 –

330 Shuqian Wang

94

Local atomic structure modulations activate metal

oxide as electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution in

acidic water

Nature Communications, 2015,

6, 8064 Yu Hang Li

95 Lithium Storage in Microstructures of Amorphous

Mixed-Valence Vanadium Oxide as Anode Materials

ChemSusChem, 2015, 8, 2212

– 2222 Di Zhao

96

A novel strategy for tailoring copper oxide cluster

with Pt-like activity for photocatalytic hydrogen

evolution

International Journal of

Hydrogen Energy, 2015, 40,

15454-15459

Yu Hang Li

97

Orange Zinc Germanate with Metallic Ge[BOND]Ge

Bonds as a Chromophore-Like Center for

Visible-Light-Driven Water Splitting

Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2015,

54 (39), 11467–11471 Ling Qian

98

The oxidation state and microstructural environment

of transition metals (V, Co, and Ni) in magnetite: an

XAFS study

Phys Chem Minerals, 2015,

42, 373–383 Xiaoliang Liang

99 Highly active N–PtTe/reduced graphene oxide

intermetallic catalyst for formic acid oxidation Nano Energy, 2015, 15, 24–32 Li An

100 Natural Magnetite: an efficient catalyst for the

degradation of organic contaminant

Scientific Reports, 2015, 5,

10139 Honping He

101 Adsorption of Cu(II) on humic acids derived from

different organic materials

Journal of Integrative

Agriculture, 2015, 14 (1),

168-177

Li Cuilan

102

New insight of coordination and extraction of

Uranium (VI) with N-donating ligands in Room

Temperature Ionic Liquids: N, N, -diethyl-N, N,

-ditolyldipicolinamide as a case study

Inorganic Chemistry, 2015, 54,

1992-1999 Yuan Liyong

103 Anharmonicity and local lattice distortion in strained

Ge-dilute Si1−xGex alloy

Journal of Alloys and

Compounds, 2015, 653, 117 Juncai Dong

2015 Publications

91

104

Transformation and Immobilization of Chromium by

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as Revealed by

SEM–EDS, TEM–EDS, and XAFS

Environmental Science &

Technology, 2015, 49 (24),

14036–14047

Songlin Wu

105 Adsorption of monothioarsenate on amorphous

aluminum hydroxide under anaerobic conditions

Chemical Geology, 2015,

407–408, 46–53 Fan Xiao

106

Incorporation of arsenic into gypsum: Relevant to

arsenic removal and immobilization process in

hydrometallurgical industry

Journal of Hazardous

Materials, 2015, 300, 272–280 Yongfeng Jia

107

Self-Assembled Alluaudite Na2Fe3−xMnx(PO4)3

Micro/Nanocompounds for Sodium-Ion Battery

Electrodes: A New Insight into Their Electronic and

Geometric Structure

Chem. Eur. J., 2015, 21, 851 –

860 Weifeng Huang

108

Structure and catalytic activities of ferrous centers

confined on the interface between carbon nanotubes

and humic acid

Nanoscale, 2015, 7, 2651-2658 Wang Bing

109 Cu doped Fe3O4 magnetic adsorbent for arsenic:

synthesis, property, and sorption application

RSC Adv., 2015, 5,

50011-50018 Ting Wang

110 Combined Experimental and ab Initio Study of Site

Preference of Ce3+in SrAl2O4.

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2015,

119(33),19326-19332. Rui Shi

111 Atomic cobalt on nitrogen-doped graphene for

hydrogen generation Nat Commun., 2015, 6, 8668 Huilong, Fei

112

Correlation of the changes in the framework and

active Cu sites for typical Cu/CHA zeolites (SSZ-13

and SAPO-34) during hydrothermal aging

Physical Chemistry Chemical

Physics, 2015,17,29142-29149 Xu Wenkang

113 Investigation on the trioctylphosphine oxide-based

super-concentrated HCl system

Spectrochimica Acta Part A,

2015, 136, 288–294 Ran Guo

114

Shaping Single-Crystalline Trimetallic Pt–Pd–Rh

Nanocrystals toward High-Efficiency C–C Splitting of

Ethanol in Conversion to CO2

ACS Catal., 2015, 5,

1995−2008 Zhuwei

115 Enhanced Ce3+ emission in B2O3-GeO2-Gd2O3

scintillating glasses induced by melting temperature

Optical Materials Express,

2015, 5 (4), 920-925 Sunxinyuan

116 Synthesis and magnetic properties of samarium

hydroxide nanocrystals

New J Chem., 2015, 39,

4972-4976 Zhengxusheng

117 Novel PtO decorated MWCNTs as a highly efficient

counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells

RSC Advances, 2015, 5,

8307–8310 Xiao Chen

118 A study of the mechanism of fluoride adsorption from

aqueous solutions onto Fe-impregnated chitosan

Phys.Chem.Chem.Phys., 2015,

17, 12041 Jing Zhang

119 Zinc–cobalt oxides as efficient water oxidation

catalysts_ the promotion effect of ZnO

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3,

4010 Feng Rong

120 A New Route Toward Improved Sodium Ion

Batteries: A Multifunctional Fluffy

Small, 2015, 11(18):

2170-2176. Weifeng Huang

2015 Publications

92

Na0.67FePO4/CNT Nanocactus.

121

Strong Local Coordination Structure Effects on

Subnanometer PtOxClusters over CeO2Nanowires

Probed by Low-Temperature CO Oxidation

ACS Catalysis, 2015, 5(9):

5164-5173. Jun Ke

122 The mechanism of enhanced luminescence in

ion-codoped Lu2SiO5:Ce3+ phosphors. J Lumin., 2015, 161: 422-425. Xiaolin Liu

123

Determination of the accumulation, spatial distribution

and reduction of Cr in unsaturated Pseudochrobactrum

saccharolyticum LY10 biofilms by X-ray fluorescence

and absorption methods

Chem Eng J., 2015, 280:

763-770. Dongyan Long

124

Covalent entrapment of cobalt-iron sulfides in

N-doped mesoporous carbon: extraordinary

bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and

evolution reactions.

ACS Appl Mater Inter., 2015,

7(2): 1207-1218. Mengxia Shen

125 High-performance oxygen reduction electrocatalysts

derived from uniform cobalt–adenine assemblies.

Nano Energy, 2015, 17:

120-130. Mengxia Shen

126

Role of minor quantity of Si3N4 addition on the optical

properties of Ce3+

-activated borogermanate

scintillating glass

Opt Mater Express, 2015, 5(6):

1381. Xinyuan Sun

127 Morphological Effects of Gold Clusters on the

Reactivity of Ceria Surface Oxygen

ACS Catalysis, 2015, 5(5):

2873-2881 Jin Wang

128

Influence of Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 loading on the sulfur

poisoning and regenerability of

Pt/Ba/Al2O3–Ce0.6Zr0.4O2 in NOx removal by

hydrogen.

Mater Res Bull, 2015, 75:

41-46. Xiuyun Wang

129

Engineering the defect state and reducibility of ceria

based nanoparticles for improved anti-oxidation

performance.

Nanoscale

2015, 7(33): 13981-13990 Yanjie Wang

130

Decoupling the Lattice Distortion and Charge Doping

Effects on the Phase Transition Behavior of VO2 by

Titanium (Ti(4+)) Doping.

Sci Rep-uk, 2015, 5: 9328. Yanfei Wu

131 X-ray absorption study of the geometry structure of

Co2+/

Co3+

in ammonia solution.

J Mol. Struct., 2015, 1098:

306-310. Qingying Yang

132

In Vitro Method To Assess Soil Arsenic Metabolism

by Human Gut Microbiota: Arsenic Speciation and

Distribution.

Environ. Sci. Technol., 2015,

49(17): 10675-10681. Naiyi Yin

133 Local structure study of the Ni nanoparticles

embedded in SiO2 by ion implantation

J Alloy Compd., 2015, 654:

176-179. xiaojian Zhang

134

Synchrotron X-ray Fluorescence Microtomography

Profiling of Malus xiaojinensis Provides Insights into

Mechanisms of Divalent Metals Transport Subjected

Hortscience, 2015,

50(6):801–805 Zhang Meiling

2015 Publications

93

to Iron Deficiency

135 Identification and quantification of seleno-proteins by

2-DE-SR-XRF in selenium-enriched yeast

Journal of analytical atomic

spectrometry, 2015, 30,

1408–1413

Zhao Jiating

136 Role of transpiration in arsenic accumulation of

hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L

Environmental Science and

Pollution Research, 2015,

22(21): 16631-16639

Wan Xiaoming

137 砷在药用植物三七根部组织及其亚细胞分布特征 植物学报, 2015,

50(5):591-597 Chen Lu

138 外源磷素对药用植物三七吸收砷的微区及形态分布

特征影响

生态环境学报, 2015, 24 (9) ,

1576-1581 Chen Lu

139 二龙湾玛珥湖年纹层湖泊沉积物元素的X射线荧光

光谱分析

核技术, 2015, 38,

020101-020109 You Haitao

140 Probing the interaction at nano-bio interface using

synchrotron radiation-based analytical techniques.

Sci China Chem., 2015, 58(5):

768-779. Wang Bing

141 Nano-oxide thin films deposited via atomic layer

deposition on microchannel plates

Nanoscale research letters,

2015, 10, 162 Yan Baojun

142 Temperature effect on the electronic structure of

Nb:SrTiO3 (100) surface

Chin. Phys. B, 2015, 24 (2):

027901

Zhang

Shuanghong

143

A highly homogeneous nanocoating strategy for

Li-rich Mn-based layered oxides based on chemical

conversion

Journal of Power Sources,

2015, 277, 393–402 Ma Jin

144

Enhanced efficiency in polymer solar cells via

hydrogen plasma treatment of ZnO electron transport

layers

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3,

3719-3725 Hong Li Gao

145

Controlled Growth of Few-Layer Hexagonal Boron

Nitride on Copper Foils Using Ion Beam Sputtering

Deposition

Small, 2015, 11 (13),

1542–1547 Haolin Wang

146

A direct Fe–O coordination at the FePc/MoOx

interface investigated by XPS and NEXAFS

spectroscopies

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.,

2015, 17, 3463-3469 Liu Lingyun

147

Metal–Insulator Transition Induced by Oxygen

Vacancies from Electrochemical Reaction in Ionic

Liquid-Gated Manganite Films

Advanced Materials Interfaces,

2015, 2, 1500407 Chen Ge

148

Insights into the structure–photoreactivity

relationships in well-defined perovskite ferroelectric

KNbO3 nanowires

Chemical Science, 2015, 6,

4118 Tingting Zhang

149

Surface-Structure Sensitivity of CeO2 Nanocrystals in

Photocatalysis and Enhancing the Reactivity with

Nanogold

ACS Catal., 2015,5,4385-4393 Wanying Lei

150 Investigation of Electron-Phonon Coupling in Phys. Rev. B, 2015, 91, Du Yi

2015 Publications

94

Epitaxial Silicene by In-situ Raman Spectroscopy 161409

151

Annealing temperature dependence of local atomic

and electronic structure of polycrystalline

La0.5Sr0.5MnO3

Int. J. Mod. Phys. B, 2015, 29,

1550006

Hong-Guang

Zhang

152 Influence of Doping on the Magnetic Properties and

Local Microstructures in Fe-Doped YMnO3

Journal of Applied

Mathematics and Physics,

2105, 3(2), 262

Ge Xiaopeng

153

Large resistive switching and switchable photovoltaic

response in ferroelectric doped BiFeO3-based thin

films by chemical solution deposition

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2015, 3,

4706 Linxing Zhang

154 Thin-Layer Fe2TiO5 on Hematite for Efficient Solar

Water Oxidation ACS Nano, 2015, 9, 5348 Deng Jiujun

155 Hydrogen Impurity Defects in Rutile TiO2 Scientific Reports, 2015,

5:17634 Li-Bin Mo

156 Cosine fitting radiography and computed tomography Chin. Phys. B, 2015, 24(6),

068704_1-9 Panyun Li

157 Characteristics of Friedel pairs and diffraction contrast

tomography with non-perpendicular rotation axis

J. Synchrotron Rad., 2015, 22,

1062–1071 Yi Qiru

158 Synchrotron radiation computed laminography using

an inclined detector

J. Synchrotron Rad., 2015, 22,

130–135 Zhang Jie

159 Tomographic observation of integrated circuit based

on X-ray microscopy

Proc. of SPIE, 2015, 9672,

96720R-1 Xiaoqi Xi

160 Growth, thermal and laser properties of Yb:YxLu1

xVO4 mixed crystal

Materials Chemistry and

Physics, 2015, 160, 155-160 Degao Zhong

161 Yb:Y_xLu_(1-x)VO_4 混合激光晶体中的缺陷研究 中国稀土学报, 2015, 33 (1),

53-59 Zhong Degao

162 Reconstruction of porous media using multiple-point

statistics with data conditioning

Stochastic Environmental

Research and Risk

Assessment, 2015, 29,

727–738

Zhang Ting

163 GPU-accelerated 3D reconstruction of porous media

using multiple-point statistics

Computational Geosciences,

2015, 19, 79–98 Zhang Ting

164

Analysis and Correction of Dynamic Geometric

Misalignment for Nano-Scale Computed Tomography

at BSRF

PLOS ONE, 2015, 10(10):

e0141682 Jian Fu

165

Quantitative three-dimensional analysis of poly

(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microsphere using hard X-ray

nano-tomography revealed correlation between

structural parameters and drug burst release

Journal of Pharmaceutical and

Biomedical Analysis,

2015,112, 43–49

Xiaozhou Huang

166 Real-time Observation on Coarsening of

Second-Phase Droplets in Al–Bi Immiscible Alloy

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.),

2015, 28(7), 940–945 Hui-Jun Kang

2015 Publications

95

Using Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Imaging

Technology

167

Three dimensional microstructures and wear

resistance of Al-Bi immiscible alloys with different

grain refiners

SCIENCE CHINA

Technological Sciences, 2015,

58 (5): 870–875

WANG TongMin

168 Growth behavior of Cu6Sn5 in Sne6.5 Cu solders

under DC considering trace Al: In situ observation Intermetallics, 2015, 58, 84-90 Tongmin Wang

169 A user-friendly nano-CT image alignment and 3D

reconstruction platform based on LabVIEW

Chinese Physics C, 2015, 39

(1), 018001

WANG

Sheng-Hao

170

Experimental research on the feature of an x-ray

Talbot–Lau interferometer versus tube accelerating

voltage

Chin. Phys. B, 2015, 24 (6),

068703 Wang Sheng-Hao

171 A novel crystal-analyzer phase retrieval algorithm and

its noise property

J. Synchrotron Rad., 2015, 22,

786-795 Yuan Bao

172 Investigation of noise properties in grating-based x-ray

phase tomography with reverse projection method

Chin. Phys. B, 2015, 24(10):

108702. Bao Yuan

173

Unveiling Reinforcement and Toughening Mechanism

of Filler Network in Natural Rubber with Synchrotron

Radiation X ray Nano-Computed Tomography

Macromolecules, 2015, 48,

7923−792 Liang Chen

174 Quantitative phase retrieval in X-ray Zernike phase

contrast microscopy

J. Synchrotron Rad., 2015, 22,

1056–1061 Heng Chen

175 3D imaging of a rice pollen grain using transmission

X-ray microscopy

J. Synchrotron Rad., 2015, 22,

1091–1095

Shengxiang

Wang

176

Use of Synchrotron Radiation-Analytical Techniques

To RevealChemical Origin of Silver-Nanoparticle

Cytotoxicity

ACS NANO, 2015, 9(6),

6532–6547 Wang Liming

177 Luminescence and X-ray absorption studies on 0.5 %

Ce3+ doped BaCa2MgSi2O8 phosphor

Physical Chemistry Chemical

Physics, 2015, 17(34),

22035-22041

Dejian Hou

178

VUV-vis photoluminescence, low-voltage

cathodoluminescence and electron-vibrational

interaction of Mn2+ in Ba2MgSi2O7

Optical Materials, 2015, 43,

59-65. Jing Yan

179

VUV-vis photoluminescence, X-ray

radioluminescence and energy transfer dynamics of

Ce3+

and Pr3+

doped LiCaBO3

Journal of Materials Chemistry

C, 2015, 3(35), 9161-9169 Weijie Zhou

180 Hydrothermal synthesis,X-ray absorption and

luminescence properties of Tb3+

doped LaPO4

Journal of Luminescence,

2015, 165, 23-29. Dejian Hou

181

Luminescence properties of an orange-red phosphor

GdAl3(BO3)4:Sm3+

under VUV excitation and energy

transfer from Gd3+

to Sm3+

Optical Materials, 2015, 39,

81-85. Jin He

182 Luminescence and multi-step energy transfer in Journal of Luminescence, Jin He

2015 Publications

96

GdAl3(BO3)4 doped with Ce3+

/Tb3+

2015, 161, 257-263.

183 Electronic Properties of Ce

3+-Doped Sr3Al2O5Cl2: A

Combined Spectroscopic and Theoretical Study

Journal of Physical Chemistry

C, 2015,119, 785−6792. Lixin Ning

184 Crystal structure of the Locusta migratoria odorant

binding protein

Biochemical and Biophysical

Research Communications,

2015,456,737–742

Zheng Jiangge

185 同步辐射圆二色谱研究氧化石墨烯与腐殖酸的相互

作用 核技术, 2015, 38 (3), 030101 Zhou Xiaoyan

186 Fluorescence effect of ion-implanted sapphire doped

with Ag/Cu/Fe elements Physica B, 2015, 476, 96-99 Hua-jian Chen

187 Influence of defects and displacements in sapphire

doped with Ag+ ions

Applied Surface Science,

2015, 357, 1231–1235 Hua-jian Chen

188

Novel Preparation Method and Luminescent

Properties of Eu3+

Doped YBO3 Phosphor Under

VUV Excitation

International Journal of

Science, Environment and

Technology, 2015, 4 (1),

152-160

R.N. Wankhade

189

Combustion synthesis and optimization of Tb3+

-doped

AZr2(PO4)3 (A+ = Li, Na, K) phosphors for

mercury-free lamp and plasma display panels

application

Journal of the Chinese

Advanced Materials Society,

2015, 3(4), 300-309

R. N. Wankhade

190 VUV Properties of Eu

3+- doped YBO3 Phosphor

Prepared Via Aldo-keto and Solid-state Process

Journal of advances in physics,

2015, 71, 897 R. N. Wankhade

191

Metal ions modulate the conformation and stability of

a G-quadruplex with or without a small-molecule

ligand

Metallomics, 2015, 7,

1508--1514 Huiru Lu

192 Magnetooptics of the luminescent transitions in

Tb3+

:Gd3Ga5O12

Optical Materials, 2015, 46,

282–291 Uygun V. Valiev

193 Photoluminescence properties of Tb

3+-doped sodalite

under VUV-UV light excitation

Journal of Luminescence,

2015, 157, 411-415

Muyasier

Kaiheriman

194 Luminescent properties and performance tune of novel

red-emitting phosphor CaInBO4: Eu3þ

Journal of Alloys and

Compounds, 2015,650,

494-501

Cai G.M.

195

Bright White-Emitting Phosphors Ba2Gd(BO3)2Cl:

Dy3+

/Dy3+

-Tm3+

for Hg-Free Lamps and White LEDs

Applications

J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 2015, 98

(4), 1195–1200 Zhao Lei

196 VUV–UV luminescence of Ce

3+, Tb

3+, Eu

3+, and Dy

3+

doped GdOCl

Optical Materials, 2015,50,

184–187 Yong Li

197

The electronic structure and luminescence properties

of Ce3+

doped Sr10[(PO4)5.5(BO4)0.5]BO2 under

UV/VUV and X-ray excitation

Optical Materials, 2015, 45,

13–21 Feng Ang

198 Low temperature synthesis of monodispersed YAG:Eu Journal of Alloys and Xu Mengmeng

2015 Publications

97

crystallites by hydrothermal method Compounds, 2015, 647,

1075-1080

199

A Novel Facile Room Temperature Chemical

Lithiation for Reduction of Eu3+

in NASICON Crystal

Structure

Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 2015,

641 (8-9), 1527–1532 Wang Jiao

200

Low-Temperature Vaterite-Type LuBO3, a

Vacancy-Stabilized Phase Synthesized at High

Temperature

Inorg. Chem., 2015, 54,

969−975 Zhang Zhi-Jun

201

Luminescent properties and energy transfer of

Ce3+

-activated Li2O–B2O3–Gd2O3 scintillating glasses

under VUV–UV and X-ray excitation

Nuclear Instruments and

Methods in Physics Research

B, 2015, 350, 36–40

Sun Xin-Yuan

202 Excitation wavelength dependent luminescence

properties for Eu3+

-activated Ba2Gd2Si4O13 phosphor

J Mater Sci., 2015,

50:4772–4778 Zhang Feng

203 Recent advance of photochromic

diarylethenes-containing supramolecular systems

Chinese Chemical Letters,

2015, 26, 817–824 Xiao Chao

204 Mechanistic insights into metal ion activation and

operator recognition by the ferric uptake regulator

Nature Communications, 2015,

6:7642 Deng Zengqin

205 Physical Control of Phase Behavior of Hexadecane in

Nanopores

The Journal of Physical

Chemistry C, 2015, 119 (32),

18697–18706

Wang Liping

206

Enhanced proton conductivity of sulfonated

poly(p-phenylene-co-aryl ether ketone) proton

exchange membranes with controlled microblock

structure

J. Power Sources, 2015, 278

(2015) 590-598 He Qingyi

207

Oxygen Vacancy-Induced Room Temperature

Ferromagnetism and Magnetoresistance in Fe-Doped

In2O3 Films

J. Phys. Chem. C,

2015, 119,4414−4421 An Yukai

208 Effect of Fe doping on magnetoresistance and

exchange coupling of Fe-doped ITO films

Journal of Alloys and

Compounds,

2015, 632,218-221

Shen Hailu

209 Structure, optical and magnetic properties of

(In1-xFex)2O3 films by magnetron sputtering

Journal of Alloys and

Compounds,

2015, 619,869-875

Yang Dongyan

210 Mayer function perturbation theory of effective

interaction of charged colloids

Molecular Physics, 2015, 113,

22-27 Chen Wen

211

Synthesis and detection the oxidization of Co cores of

Co@SiO2 core-shell nanoparticles by in situ XRD and

EXAFS

Nanoscale Research Letters,

2015, 10:37 Zhang Kunhao

212 The preparation and characterisation of the high

ordered Ga-SBA-15 with high gallium loading

Materials Research

Innovations, 2015, 19 (S5),

S5-234-S5-238

Guo L.

2015 Publications

98

213

Calcium phosphate nanoparticles are associated with

inorganic phosphate-induced osteogenic

differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells

Chemico-Biological

Interactions, 2015, 238,

111–117

Chen Xianrong

214 The tetragonal-like to rutile structural phase transition

in epitaxial VO2/TiO2 (001) thick films

New Journal of Physics, 2015,

17, 113016 Qiu Hongbo

215 Mechanical Property of Polyimide Nanocomposite

Films with Nitrogen Doped Graphene

Nanoscience and

Nanotechnology Letters, 2015,

7 (3), 262-267(6)

Liu Xiaoyu

216

Local structure analysis around the Nd center in a

ternary catalyst comprising Nd(vers)3, Al(iBu)3 and

Al(iBu)2Cl by XAFS

Dalton Trans., 2015, 44,

9130-9139 Guo Huilong

217 Construction of proton transport channels on the same

polymer chains by covalent crosslinking

Journal of Membrane Science,

2015, 496, 84–94 Han Hailan

218

Assembly of Mesoporous Metal–Organic Framework

Templated by an Ionic Liquid/Ethylene Glycol

Interface

ChemPhysChem, 2015, 16

(11), 2317–2321 Sang Xinxin

219

Gapless quantum spin liquid ground state in the

two-dimensional spin-1/2 triangular antiferromagnet

YbMgGaO4

Sci Rep., 2015; 5: 16419. Li Yuesheng

220 Changes of medium-range structure in the course of

crystallization of mordenite from diatomite

Microporous and Mesoporous

Materials, 2015, 206, 52–57 Cui Miao

221

Thickness-Dependent Monoclinic Phases and

Piezoelectric Properties Observed in Polycrystalline

(Pb0.94La0.04)(Zr0.60Ti0.40)O3 Thin Films

J. Phys. Chem. C,

2015,119,17487-17492 Zhang Siqi

222 Noncrystalline structure of Ni–P nanoparticles

prepared by liquid pulse discharge

Journal of Synchrotron

Radiation, 2015, 22, 376–384 Tan Yuanyuan

223 Local structure study of (In0.95-xFexCu0.05)2O3 thin

films using x-ray absorption spectroscopy

Journal of vacuum science &

technology A, 2015, 33(4),

041513

Ren Yuan

224

Fabrication of ordered mesoporous carbons anchored

with MnO nanoparticles through dual-templating

approach for supercapacitors

Ceramics International, 2015,

41 (8), 9980–9987 Ding Yuqian

225

Reversible switching of amphiphilic self-assemblies

between micelles and microemulsions by a thermal

stimulus

Chemical Communications,

2015, 51, 11119-11122 Dong Bin

226

Molecular shape and immunogenicity of

meningococcal polysaccharide group A conjugate

vaccine

Vaccine, 2015, 33, 5815-5821 Xu Mengfang

227

Influence of Melt-draw Ratio on the Crystalline

Structure and Properties of Polypropylene Cast Film

and Stretched Microporous Membrane

Industrial & Engineering

Chemistry Research, 2015,

54(11): 2991-2999

Xu Ruijie

2015 Publications

99

228

Influence of annealing temperature on the lamellar and

connecting bridge structure of stretched polypropylene

microporous membrane

Polymer International, 2015,

64(3): 446-452 Cai qi

229 Mesoporous inorganic salts with crystal defects:

unusual catalysts and catalyst supports

Chem. Sci., 2015, 6,

1668-1675 Kang Xinchen

230

The amino-terminal structure of human fragile X

mental retardation protein obtained using

precipitant-immobilized imprinted polymers

Nature Communication, 2015,

6, 6634 Hu Yufeng

231

GISAXS study on the size and distribution evolutions

of Agnanoparticles in ion-exchange glass during

annealing

Materials Chemistry and

Physics, 2015, 152, 48-53 Cheng Weidong

232 Grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering study

of silver nanoparticles in ion-exchanged glasses

Nuclear Instruments and

Methods in Physics Research

B, 2015, 351, 51–55

Cheng Weidong

233 In-situ GISAXS study on the oxidation behavior of

liquid Ga on Ni(Cu)/Si substrates

Nuclear Instruments and

Methods in Physics Research

B, 2015,362, 133–137

Cheng Weidong

234

Crystalline Structures and Crystallization Behaviors of

Poly(L-lactide) in Poly(L-lactide)/Graphene

Nanosheets Composites

Polymer Chemistry, 2015, 6,

3988-4002 Li Jingqing

235 Deformation and structure evolution of glassy

poly(lactic acid) below the glass transition temperature

Crystengcomm, 2015, 17,

5651-5663 Zhou Chengbo

236

Direct investigations of deformation and yield induced

structure transitions in polyamide 6 below glass

transition temperature with WAXS and SAXS

Polymer Chemistry, 2015, 70,

109-117 Guo Huilong

237 不同温度下尼龙６性能和结构变化的原位研究 高分子学报, 2015, 10,

1175-1179 Guo Huilong

238

Self-assembly of coil-rod-coil triblock copolymers

depending on lateral methyl groups at the interface of

rod and coil segments

Macromol. Res., 2015, 21(10),

909-915 Fan Shufeng

239

Investigation on structural changes of isotactic

polypropylene mesophase in the heating process by

using two-dimensional infrared correlation

spectroscopy

Chinese Chemical Letters,

2015, 26, 197-199 Jiang Q. H.

240

Robust Ordered Bundles of Porous Helical Nanotubes

Assembled from Fully Rigid Ionic

Benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamides

Chemistry A European

Journal, 2015, 21(43),

15388-15394

Wu X. B.

241 Nonequilibrium Nature of Flow-Induced Nucleation in

Isotactic Polypropylene

Macromolecules, 2015, 48(3),

694-699 Cui K. P.

242 POSS-Containing Jacketed Polymer: Hybrid Inclusion

Complex with Hierarchically Ordered Structures at

Macromolecules, 2015, 48(8),

2358-2366 Zhu Y. F.

2015 Publications

100

Sub-10 nm and Angstrom Length Scales

243 Small-angle X-ray scattering probe of intermolecular

interaction in red blood cells

Chinese Physics C, 2015,

39(3), 038001 Liu G. F.

244 Soft aggregates formed by a nonionic phytosterol

ethoxylate and -cyclodextrin in aqueous solution

Colloids and Surfaces A:

Physicochemical and

Engineering Aspects, 2015,

482, 79-86

Yue Xiu

245 Thermo-Moldable Nanocomposite Hydrogels Macromolecular Materials and

Engineering, 2015, 300, 57-63 Yang Yiqing

246

Synthesis and anisotropic self-assembly of Ag

nanoparticles immobilized by the Pluronic F127

triblock copolymer for colorimetric detection of H2O2

RSC Adv., 2015, 5,

97648-97657 Wu Cong

247

Nanocrystalline layer on the bearing surfaces of

artificial hip implants induced by biotribocorrosion

processes

Biosurface and Biotribology,

2015, 1(2), 130-134 Wang Z.W.

248 Cysteine–Ag Cluster Hydrogel Confirmed by

Experimental and Numerical Studies

Small, 2015, 11(38),

5118-5125 Cui Y. Y.

249

Nanostructure and Linear Rheological Response of

Comb-like Copolymer PSVS g PE Melts: Influences

of Branching Densities and Branching Chain Length

Macromolecules, 2015, 48,

7640-7648 Lin Yichao

250

Supramolecular nano-assemblies from self-assembly

of ABC coil-rod-coil triblock oligomers: construction

of tetragonal perforated lamellar and columnar

nano-structures

Fibers and Polymers, 2015, 16

(7), 1449-1457 Fan Shufeng

251

Synthesis and Self-assembly of Amphiphilic

Bent-Shaped Molecules Based on

Dibenzo[a,c]Phenazine and Poly(ethylene oxide)

Units,

Polymer Chemistry, 2015, 6,

7395-7401 Liu Yang

252

Molecular-level pictures of the phase transitions of

saturated and unsaturated phospholipid binary

mixtures

RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 726-733 Wu Fu-Gen

253

Three-dimensional crystalline supramolecular

nanostructures from self-assembly of rod-coil

molecules incorporating lateral carboxyl group in

themiddle of the rod segment

Polym. International, 2015, 64,

1408-1414 Yu Shengsheng

254 Ordered Nanostructures from Self-Assembly of

H-shaped Coil-Rod-Coil Molecules

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym.

Chem., 2015, 53, 85-92, Wang Zhuoshi

255

Thermoreversible Ion Gel with Tunable Modulus

Self-Assembled by a Liquid Crystalline Triblock

Copolymer in Ionic Liquid

Macromolecules, 2015, 48,

4927-4935 Zhang Yu-Dong

256 Synthesis and Properties of a Coil g Rod Polymer Macromolecules, 2015, 48, Jing Ping

2015 Publications

101

Brush by Combination of ATRP and Alternating

Copolymerization

592-599

257 Structural transition behavior of ZnS nanotetrapods

under high pressure

High Pressure Research, 2015,

35(1), 9-15 Zhao Haofei

258 Structural phase transitions of tellurium nanoplates

under pressure

Chinese Physics B, 2015,

24(3), 036401 Li Chao

259 Structural behavior of PbFe12O19 under pressure 高压物理学报, 2015, 29(5),

363-368 Zhang Qinghua

260 Equation of State of an AlCoCrCuFeNi High-Entropy

Alloy

JOM, 2015, 67 (10),

2310-2313 Li Gong

261

Isotropic Negative Area Compressibility over Large

Pressure Range in Potassium Beryllium Fluoroborate

and its Potential Applications in Deep Ultraviolet

Region

Advanced Materials, 2015, 27,

4851-4857 Jiang Xingxing

262 Negative linear compressibility in a crystal of

α-BiB3O6

Scientific Report, 2015, 5,

13432 Kang Lei

263 Structural and magnetic transition in stainless steel

Fe-21Cr-6Ni-9Mn up to 250 GPa

Chinese Physics B, 2015,

24(6), 066103 Liu Lei

264 High-pressure Phase transitions and compressibilities

of aragonite-structure carbonates: SrCO3 and BaCO3

Physics and Chemistry of

Minerals, 2015, 42, 517-527 Wang Meili

265

Plasma-assisted synthesis and pressure-induced

structural transition of single-crystalline SnSe

nanosheets

Nanoscale, 2015, 7,

10807-10816 Zhang Jian

266 High Pressure Raman Scattering and Synchrotron

X-ray Diffraction Studies of Benzyl Azide

The Journal of Physical

Chemistry B, 2015, 119,

513−518

Jiang Junru

267

Hierarchical densification and negative thermal

expansion under high pressure in Ce-based metallic

glass

Nature communications, 2015,

6, 5703-5711 Luo Qiang

268 A Protocol to Fabricate Nanostructured New Phase:

B31-Type MnS Synthesized under High Pressure

Journal of The American

Chemical Society, 2015,

137(32), 10297-10303

Xiao Guanjun

269

Negative Linear Compressibility in Organic Mineral

Ammonium Oxalate Monohydrate with Hydrogen

Bonding Wine-rack Motifs

The Journal of Physical

Chemistry Letters, 2015,

6(14), 2755-2760

Qiao Yuancun

270

Pressure-Induced Reversible Phase Transformation in

Nanostructured Bi2Te3 with Reduced Transition

Pressure

The Journal of Physical

Chemistry C, 2015, 119(7),

3843-3848

Xiao Guanjun

271 Pressure-induced phase transformations of zircon-type

LaVO4 nanorods

The Journal of Physical

Chemistry C, 2015, 119(15),

8364-8372

Yuan Hongsheng

2015 Publications

102

272 Discovery of five high-pressure polymorphs for a

Typical Polymorphic System: Oxalyl dihydrazide

The Journal of Physical

Chemistry C, 2015, 119(19),

10178-10188

Tan Xiao

273 Selected Reactive Sites Tuned by High Pressure:

Oligomerization of Solid-State Cyanamide

The Journal of Physical

Chemistry C, 2015, 119(23),

12801-12807

Dai Yuxiang

274

Pressure-Induced Phase Transition in

Hydrogen-Bonded Molecular Crystal Acetamide:

Combined Raman Scattering and X-ray Diffraction

Study

RSC Advances, 2015, 5(103),

84703-84710 Kang Lei

275 High-pressure polymorphism as a step towards high

density structures of LiAlH4

Appl. Phys. Lett., 2015, 107,

041906 Huang Xiaoli

276 The hydrogen-bond effect on the high pressure

behavior of hydrazinium monochloride

J. Raman Spectrosc., 2015, 46,

266–272 Jiang Shuqing

277 Pressure-induced structural changes in NH4Br J. Chem. Phys., 2015, 143,

064505 Huang Yanping

278 Pressure-Induced Amorphization and Recrystallization

of SnI2

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2015, 119,

19312−19317 Wang Lu

279 Structural properties of ammonium iodide under high

pressure RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 40336 Huang Yanping

280

Combined Raman Scattering and X-ray Diffraction

Study of Phase Transition of the Ionic Liquid

[BMIM][TFSI] Under High Pressure.

J Solution Chem., 2015, 44,

2106–2116. Jie Wu

281 Breakdown of three-dimensional Dirac semimetal

state in pressurized Cd3As2

Physical review B, 2015, 91,

165133 Shan Zhang

282 A comparative study of high pressure behaviors of

pyrochlore-type and thortveitite-type In2Ge2O7

RSC Advances, 2015, 5,

44121-44127 Hui Li

283 Anomalous softening of yield strength in tantalum at

high pressures

Journal of Applied Physics,

2015, 117(5), 055903 Jing Qiumin

284

Anomalous Structural Transition and Electrical

Transport Behaviors in Compressed Zn2SnO4: Effect

of Interface

Sci Rep., 2015, 5, 14417 Haiwa Zhang

285

Structural Phase Transition and Electrical Transport

Properties of CuInS2 Nanocrystals under High

Pressure

J. Phys. Chem. C,

2015, 119 (6), 2963–2968 Yan Li

286 Anomalous variation of electrical transport property

and amorphization in dense Alq3

RSC Advances, 2015, 5,

41359-41364 Feng Ke

287

Compressibility and equation of state of beryl

(Be3Al2Si6O18) by using a diamond anvil cell and in

situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction

Physics and Chemistry of

Minerals, 2015, 42 (7),

529-539

Fan Dawei

288 High-pressure study of azurite Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 by Physics and Chemistry of Jingui Xu

2015 Publications

103

synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction and Raman

spectroscopy

Minerals, 2015, 42 (10) ,

805-816

289

P–V–T equation of state of spessartine–almandine

solid solution measured using a diamond anvil cell and

in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction

Physics and Chemistry of

Minerals, 2015, 42(1), 63-72 Fan Dawei

290

P-V-T equation of state of Ca3Cr2Si3O12 uvarovite

garnet by using a diamond-anvil cell and in-situ

synchrotron X-ray diffraction

American Mineralogist, 2015,

100(2-3), 588-597 Fan Dwei

291 Correlation between intercalated magnetic layers and

superconductivity in pressurized EuFe2(As0.81P0.19)2

Europhysics Letters, 2015,

111(5), 57007 Jing Guo

292 Effect of crystallization water on the structural and

electrical properties of CuWO4 under high pressure

Applied Physics Letters, 2015,

107(20), 201603 Li Wang

293 Effect of pressure on the structural properties of

Li[Li0.1Ni0.35Mn0.55]O2

AIP Advances, 2015, 5(4),

047106 Yufeng Zhang

294 Electronic Topological Transition in Ag2Te at

High-pressure Sci Rep., 2015, 5, 14681 Yuhang Zhang

295 Emergence of double-dome superconductivity in

ammoniated metal-doped FeSe

Scientific Reports, 2015, 5,

9477 Masanari Izumi

296 High pressure synthesis of amorphous TiO2 nanotubes AIP Advances, 2015, 5(9),

097128 Li Quanjun

297 Insertion of N2 into the Channels of AFI Zeolite under

High Pressure

Scientific Reports, 2015, 5,

13234 Lv Hang

298 High-pressure Synthesis, Characterization and

Equation of State of Double Perovskite Sr2CoFeO6

Chin. Phys. B, 2015, 24 (1),

017503 Pan Yuewu

299 Pressure-induced changes in the electron density

distribution in α-Ge near the α-β transition

Appl. Phys. Lett., 2015, 107,

072109 Li Rui

300 High-Pressure Phase Transitions of PbTe Using

the First-Principles Calculations

Chinese Physics Letters, 2015,

32, 016101 Li Yanchun

301 Radial X-ray diffraction study of the static strength

and equation of state of MoB2 to 85 GPa

Journal of Alloys and

Compounds, 2015, 623,

442-446

Xiong Lun

302 Strength of tungsten triboride under pressure up to

86 GPa from radial X-ray diffraction

Journal of Alloys and

Compounds, 2015, 621,

116-120

Xiong Lun

303 Synthesis and structure stability of Ba2CuO3+delta

under high pressure

International Journal of

Modern Physics B, 2015, 29,

1542024

Li W. M.

304 硅磷镍矿的高压状态方程与相变研究 矿物岩石地球化学通报,

2015, 34(5), 1044-1049 Guo Jiazeng

305 Pressure-induced spin reorientation and spin state

transition in SrCoO3

PHYSICAL REVIEW B,

2015, 92, 195147 Yang J.Y.

2015 Publications

104

306

Simultaneous Multifunctional Sorption of PFOS and

Cr(VI) on Activated Carbon Prepared by One-Step

Microwave Activation

Water Air & Soil Pollution,

2015,226:259. Zhu Zhibao

307

In situ detection of calcium phosphate clusters in

solution and wet amorphous phase by synchrotron

X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy at calcium

K-edge.

Crystal Growth & Design,

2015, 15(5), 2204-2210. Qun Zhang

308 Effect of SiO2 on the Crystal Structure Stability of

SFC at 1473 K (1200 LC)

Metallurgical and Materials

Transactions B, 2015, 46(3),

1146-1153

Xiang Ding

309

Nanospace-Confinement Copolymerization Strategy

for Encapsulating Polymeric Sulfur into Porous

Carbon for Lithium− Sulfur Batteries

Journal of American Chemical

Society, 2015, 7,

11165−11171

Bing Ding

310 Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity of S-Doped

α-Bi2O3

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2015, 119,

14094−14101 Shiqi Jiang

311

Investigation of copper, iron and sulfur speciation

during bioleaching of chalcopyrite by moderate

thermophile Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans

International Journal of

Mineral Processing, 2015, 137,

1–8

Liu Hong-Chang

312

The Core/Shell Structure of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots

Characterized by X-Ray Absorption Fine

Spectroscopy

Journal of Nanomaterials,

2015, 2015, 764712 Wei Huijing

313 Alkali-Resistant Mechanism of a Hollandite

DeNOx Catalyst

Environ. Sci. Technol.,

2015, 49 (11), 7042–7047 Hu Pingping

314 Surface controlled calcium phosphate formation on

three-dimensional bacterial cellulose-based nanofibers

Materials Science and

Engineering: C, 2015, 49,

526–533

Luo Honglin

315 钙-XANES 技术在固体沥青温压模拟实验研究中

的应用

Petroleum Geology &

Experiment, 2015, 37 (4),

512-517

Wei Zhihong

316 Vacancy-Induced Ferromagnetism of MoS2

Nanosheets

J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2015, 137,

2622−2627 Liang Cai

317

Effects of nutrient and sulfate additions on As

mobility in contaminated soils: A laboratory column

study

Chemosphere, 2015, 119,

902–909 Yu Song

318

Diagnosing x-ray power and energy of tungsten wire

array z-pinch with a flat flat spectral response x-ray

diode

Review of Scientific

Instruments, 2015, 86, 113508 Kun-lun Wang

319

Synchrotron-based XPS and NEXAFS study of

surface chemical species during electrochemical

oxidation of chalcopyrite

Hydrometallurgy, 2015, 156,

89–98 Yi Yang

320 Realization of a flat-response photocathode for x-ray Optics Express, 2015, 23 (15), Chuanke Wang

2015 Publications

105

streak cameras 19793-19798

321 X射线条纹相机阴极制备及其绝对标定 强激光与粒子束, 2015,27(8),

082003-1 Li Jin

322

A new method to suppress high-order harmonics for

synchrotron

radiation soft X-ray beamline

Chinese Physics C, 2015, 39

(4), 048002 Guo Zhiying

323 A new soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism facility

at the BSRF beamline 4B7B

Chinese Physics C, 2015, 39

(4), 048003 Guo Zhiying

324

Strongly Bonded Selenium/Microporous Carbon

Nanofibers Composite as a High-Performance

Cathode for Lithium–Selenium Batteries

J. Phys. Chem. C,

2015, 119 (49), 27316–27321 Liu Yunxia

325 准随机矩形孔阵列透射光栅 物理学报, 2015, 64, 7074201 Liu Yuwei

326 同步辐射软X射线近边吸收谱方法研究长期施肥对

黑土有机氮官能团的影响

Spectroscopy and Spectral

Analysis, 2015, 35 (7),

2853-2857

Li Hui

327 Physico-chemical characterization of PM2.5 in the

microenvironment of Shanghai subway

Atmospheric Research, 2015,

153, 543–552 Senlin Lu

328 Metal-free efficient photocatalyst for stable visible

water splitting via a two-electron pathway Science, 2015, 347, 970 Juan Liu

329 错位双光栅色散元件设计及衍射效率研究 光子学报, 2015,44 (10),

1030003 Wang Chuanke

330 Quasi suppression of higher-order diffractions with

inclined rectangular apertures gratings

Scientific Reports, 2015, 5,

16502 Yuwei Liu

331 Architecture of the mammalian mechanosensitive

Piezo1 channel. Nature, 2015, 527(7576), 64-9 Gai Jingpeng

332

Halogen Bonded Three-Dimensional Uranyl-organic

Compounds with Unprecedented Halogen-halogen

Interactions and Structure Diversity upon Variation of

Halogen-substitution

Crystal Growth & Design,

2015, 15, 1395-1406 Mei Lei

333

Tetranuclear Uranyl Polyrotaxanes: a Preferred

Selectivity to Uranyl Tetramer for Stabilizing the

Flexible Polyrotaxane Chain Bearing Weakened

Supramolecular Inclusion.

Chem. Eur. J, 2015, 21,

10226-10235 Mei Lei

334

Supramolecular Inclusion-Based Molecular Integral

Rigidity: A Feasible Strategy for Controlling

Structural Connectivity of Uranyl Polyrotaxane

Networks.

Chem. Commun., 2015, 51,

11990-11993. Mei Lei

335

The first case of actinide triple helices: pH-dependent

structural evolution and kinetics controlled

transformation of two supermolecular conformational

isomers.

Chem. Commun., 2015, 51,

8978-8981. An Shuwen

2015 Publications

106

336

Two Novel Uranyl Complexes of Semi-rigid Aromatic

Tetracarboxylic Acid Supported by Organic Base as

Auxiliary Ligand or Templating Agent: an

Experimental and Theoretical Exploration.

CrystEngComm, 2015, 17,

3031-3040 Zhu Liuzheng

337 Structure of human MDM2 complexed with RPL11

reveals the molecular basis of p53 activation

Genes & Development,

2015，29:1524–1534 Zheng Jiangge

338 Zwitterion-Immobilized Imprinted Polymers for

Promoting the Crystallization of Proteins

Cryst. Growth Des., 2015, 15,

4932−4937 Xing Yue

339 Silver Ion-Mediated Heterometallic Three-Fold In

terpenetrating Uranyl-Organic Framework

Inorganic Chemistry, 2015, 54,

10934-10945 Lei Mei

340

Expression, purification, crystallization and

preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of the

effector-interaction domain of the resistance protein

RGA5-A from Oryza sativa L. japonica

Acta Cryst. F, 2015, 71,

171–174 Huang Dan

341 Substitution of tryptophan 89 with tyrosine switches

the DNA binding mode of PC4

Scientific Reports, 2015, 5,

8789 Huang Jinguang

342

Structural basis of DNA recognition by PCG2 reveals

a novel DNA binding mode for winged

helix-turn-helix domains

Nucleic Acids Research, 2015,

43 (2), 1231–1240 Liu Junfeng

343

Targeted synthesis of a large triazine-based [4+6]

organic molecular cage_ structure, porosity and gas

separation

Chem. Commun., 2015, 51,

1976 Ding Huimin

344

Synthesis of alkynylgold(III) complexes with

bis-cyclometalating ligand derived from ethyl

2,6-diphenylisonicotinate and their structural,

electrochemical, photo- and electroluminescence

studies.

J Organomet Chem., 2015,

792, 109-116.

Vonika Ka-Man

Au

345

New three-fold interpenetrated uranyl organic

framework constructed by terephthalic acid and

imidazole derivative.

Inorg. Chem., 2015, 54(8),

3829-3834. Chen Fei

346

Protein production, crystallization and preliminary

crystallographic analysis of the four N-terminal

immunoglobulin domains of Down syndrome cell

adhesion molecule 1

Acta Cryst. F, 2015, 71(6),

775-778 Chen Linna

347

Controllable Synthesis of Covalent Porphyrinic Cages

with Varying Sizes via Template-Directed Imine

Condensation Reactions

J Org. Chem., 2015, 80(18),

9360-9364 Ding Huimin

348

Reversible Tuning Hydroquinone/Quinone Reaction in

Metal–Organic Framework: Immobilized Molecular

Switches in Solid State

Chem. Mater., 2015, 27,

6426−6431 Gui Bo

349 Structural and biochemical insights into the J Struct. Biol., 2015, 192(3), Guo Gongrui

2015 Publications

107

DNA-binding mode of MjSpt4p:Spt5 complex at the

exit tunnel of RNAPII

418-425

350

Distinctive binding modes and inhibitory mechanisms

of two peptidic inhibitors of urokinase-type

plasminogen activator with isomeric P1 residues

Int J Biochem Cell Biol., 2015,

62, 88-92 Jiang Longguang

351

Postsynthetic Modification of an Alkyne-Tagged

Zirconium Metal-Organic Framework via a "Click"

Reaction

Inorg. Chem., 2015, 54(11):

5139-5141. Li Bijian

352

Protein production, crystallization and preliminary

X-ray analysis of two isoforms of the Dscam1 Ig7

domain

Acta Cryst. F, 2015, 71(3):

330-332. Li Shu-Ang

353

Structural insights into the high-efficiency catalytic

mechanism of the sterile alpha-motif/histidineaspartate

domain-containing protein

J Biol. Chem., 2015,

290, 29428-29437 Yanhong Li

354

The crystal structure of the PB2 cap-binding domain

of influenza B virus reveals a novel cap recognition

mechanism

J Biol. Chem., 2015, 290(14):

9141-9149. Liu Yong

355

Dimerization Mediated by a Divergent

Forkhead-associated Domain Is Essential for the DNA

Damage and Spindle Functions of Fission Yeast Mdb1

J Biol. Chem.

2015, 290(34): 21054-21066. Luo Shukun

356

The first crystal structure of a glycoside hydrolase

family 17 beta-1,3-glucanosyltransferase displays a

unique catalytic cleft

Acta Cryst. D, 2015, 71(8):

1714-1724. Zhen Qin

357

Structure and spectroscopic properties of a

three-dimensional PbII coordination polymer

constructed from

1,1′-biphenyl-2,2′,4,4′-tetracarboxylate

J Mol. Struct., 2015, 1096:

38-42. Su Feng

358

Synthesis, structures and magnetic properties in

3d-electron-rich isostructural complexes based on

chains with sole syn-anti carboxylate bridges

Dalton T., 2015, 44(16):

7213-7222. Su Feng

359

Hydroxyl and amino functionalized cyclometalated

Ir(III) complexes: Synthesis, characterization and

cytotoxicity studies

J Organomet Chem., 2015,

791: 175-182. Zhaozhen Wu

360 Structural insight into the oxidation of sinapic acid by

CotA laccase

J Struct. Biol., 2015, 190(2):

155-161. Tian Xie

361 Structural insights into the substrate specificity of two

esterases from the thermophilic Rhizomucor miehei

J Lipid Res., 2015, 56(8):

1616-1624. Yanhong Li

362

Photoinduced isomerization-driven structural

transformation between decanuclear and

octadecanuclear gold(I) sulfido clusters

J Am. Chem. Soc., 2015,

137(10): 3506-3509. Yao Liaoyuan

363 Purification and crystallographic analysis of a Acta Cryst. F, 2015, 71(8): Yanqun Zhao

2015 Publications

108

FAD-dependent halogenase from Streptomyces sp.

JCM9888

972-976.

364 Mechanistic Insights into the Anchorage of the

Contractile Ring by Anillin and Mid1 Dev Cell, 2015, 33, 413–426 Lingfei Sun

365 A non-canonical role of the p97 complex in RIG-I

antiviral signaling EMBO J, 2015, 34: 2903–2920 Qian Hao

366

Structural Basis of Specific Recognition of

Non-Reducing Terminal N-Acetylglucosamine by an

Agrocybe aegerita Lectin

PLoS One, 2015, 10(6):

e0129608 Xiaoming Ren

367 Crystal structure of GnsA from Escherichia coli Biochem. Bioph. Res. Co.,

2015, 462(1): 1-7 Wei Yong

368 The mechanism of substrate-controlled allosteric

regulation of SAMHD1 activated by GTP.

Acta Cryst D, 2015, 71(3):

516-524 Zhu Chufeng

369

A Family of Co(II)Co(III)3 Single-Ion Magnets with

Zero-Field Slow Magnetic Relaxation: Fine Tuning of

Energy Barrier by Remote Substituent and Counter

Cation.

Inorg. Chem., 2015, 54(11):

5475-5486 Zhu Yuanyuan

370 Structural and Mechanistic Basis of PAM-Dependent

Spacer Acquisition in CRISPR-Cas Systems Cell, 2015, 163, 840–853 Wang J.

371 Sidewall smoothing of micro-pore optics by ion beam

etching

Surface & Coatings

Technology, 2015, 278,

127-131

Zhang Tianchong

372

Fabrication of inverted pyramid structure by Cesium

Chloride self-assembly lithography for silicon solar

cell

Materials Science in

Semiconductor Processing,

2015, 1369-8001,44–49

Liu Jing

373 Fabrication and Photovoltaic Characteristics of Silicon

Nanoscrew and Nanohole Based Solar Cells

Journal of Nanoscience and

Nanotechnology, 2015,

1533-4880,236–240

Liu Jing

374

Large-area SiC membrane produced by plasma

enhanced chemical vapor deposition at relatively high

temperature

Journal of Vacuum Science &

Technology A, 2015, 33,

05E114

Liu Yu

375 基于纳米颗粒溶液散射的激光平场系统 光学精密工程, 2015, 23(5),

9-16 Wang Qiushi

376 五角棱镜光学平行差的理论分析 光子学报, 2015, 44(5),

0523006 Wang Qiushi

377 Optimized short kinoform lenses for hard X-ray

nano-focusing

Optics Communications, 2015,

339, 53-60 Liao Keliang

378

A small roll angle measurement method with

enhanced resolution based on a heterodyne

interferometer

Review of Scientific

Instruments, 2015,86, 096104 Tang Shanzhi

379 Uniform light source for flat-field correcting and Chinese Optics Letters, 2015, Yang Fugui

2015 Publications

109

calibrating photoresponse of array detector 13(4), 6-10

380

Focusing performance of a multilayer Laue lens with

layer placement error described by dynamical

diffraction theory

Journal of Synchrotron

Radiation, 2015, 22, 936-945 Hu Lingfei

381 A compound multilayer Laue lens with multiple tilting

angles

Nuclear Instruments and

Methods in Physics Research

Section A, 2015, 806, 87-91

Zhou Liang

2015 Major events

110

2015 Major Events

Annual Users Conference of BSRF was held in August 2015 in

Xi’an City, Shanxi Province

Seminar on the application of HEPS in Environmental science

was held in June 2015 in IHEP

Beamline specs

111

Beamline Specs

4B9B- Photoemission Spectroscopy

【Beamline Specs】

Energy Range: 15 - 1000 eV

Resolution (ΔE/E): ~1500

Flux (photons/s): > 1×1010

Beam Size (H×V): < 2×0.8 mm2

4B9A-XRD

【Beamline Specs】

Energy Range: 4 -15 keV

Resolution (ΔE/E): 3×10-4

@ 9 keV

Flux (photons/s): 11010

@ 8 keV

Beam Size (H×V): 2×1 mm2

Angular resolution: 0.9 arc-second

4B8- Vacuum Ultraviolet

【Beamline Specs】

Energy Range: 125-360 nm

Band width: 0.8 nm

Flux (photons/s): 2.0×1010

@180 nm

Beam Size (H×V): 2×1 mm2

Beamline specs

112

4B7B- Soft X-ray Optics

【Beamline Specs】

Energy Range: 50eV-1700 eV

Resolution (E/△E): ~1000

Flux (photons/s): ~1010

@ Fe L edge

Beam Size (H×V): conducting sample: 1×0.1mm2

nonconducting sample：4×2 mm2

4B7A- Mid-energy Spectroscopy

【Beamline Specs】

Energy Range: Si (111): 2050 eV-5700 eV

InSb (111): 1750 eV-3400 eV

Flux (photons/s): ~1010

@ S K edge

Resolution (E/△E): ~7000 @ S K edge

Beam Size (H×V): 3×1mm2

4W2- High Pressure Structure

【Beamline Specs】

Energy Range: 10-25 keV（Monochromatic light）

5-35 keV（White light）

Resolution (ΔE/E): 7×10-4

@20 keV

Flux (photons/s): 1.2×109@20 keV

Beam Size (H×V): 26×8 µm2

Beamline specs

113

4W1B- X-ray Fluorescence Microanalysis

【Beamline Specs】

Focus Mode Quasi monochromatic light Monochromatic light

Energy Range 8 - 15 keV 5 - 18.5 keV

Resolution (ΔE/E) < 7× 10-2

< 5.5x10-4

Flux (photons/s) >1× 108 @ 15keV >1x10

10 @ 15keV

Beam Size (H×V) 10 µm 30、50、100 µm

XRF Detectability Dozens of ppm 1ppm

4W1A- X-ray Imaging

【Beamline Specs】

Imaging Mode Energy Range Flux (photons/s) Spatial

Resolution

Beam Size

(H×V)

Phase contrast

imaging 6~22 keV ~10

10 @ 8 keV ~10 m 20×10 mm

2

nano-resolution

Imaging 5~12 keV ~10

8 @ 8 keV

30 nm 10×10 m2

50 nm 15×15 m2

100 nm 60×60 m2

Beamline specs

114

3B1A、3B1B- LIGA and Lithography

【Beamline Specs】

3B1A-LIGA: White light

3B1B-Lithography: 0.5-2 nm

3W1A-Macromolecular crystallography

【Beamline Specs】

Energy Range: 6 - 16 keV

Resolution (ΔE/E): 4×10－4

Flux (photons/sec): 1011

Beam Size (HxV): 0.8× 0.6 mm2

1W2B-Macromolecular crystallography

and XAFS

【Beamline Specs】

Energy Range: 5 - 18 keV

Resolution (ΔE/E): Better than 4×10－4

Flux (photons/sec): 1012

Beam Size (HxV): 1× 0.6 mm2

Beamline specs

115

1W2A-SAXS

【Beamline Specs】

Angular resolution: 0.5 mrad

Energy Range: 0.154 nm

Resolution (ΔE/E): ~10-3

Flux (photons/sec): ≥1×1011

Beam Size (HxV): 1.2 × 0.3 mm2

1W1B-XAFS

【Beamline Specs】

Energy Range: 4 - 25 keV

Resolution (ΔE/E): < 3 × 10-4

@ 9 keV

Flux (photons/sec): > 3×1011

@ 10 keV

Beam Size (HxV): 0.9 × 0.3 mm2

1W1A- Diffuse X-ray Scattering

【Beamline Specs】

Energy Range: 8.05 keV，13.9 keV

Resolution (ΔE/E): 4.4 10-4 @ 8.05 keV

Flux (photons/sec): >1×1011

@ 8.05 keV

Beam Size (HxV): 0.7 × 0.4 mm2