Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer BMayer@ChabotCollege

[email protected] • ENGR-25_Lec-29_MS_Excel-2.ppt1

Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering/Math/Physics 25: Computational Methods

Bruce Mayer, PELicensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer

[email protected]

Engr/Math/Physics 25

MS ExcelTables/Plots



Learning Goals Construct Formatted Tables in Excel

• Use the Cell Formatting Commands Construct Charts and Graphs

• Comparison Charts → Bar, Col, Radar• Analysis Charts → Scatter, Surface

– Curve Fits → Linear Regression

Use tables and graphs as problem solving tools



Using Tables & Charts Engineers record and present data in

two primary formats: Tables and Graphs

Dist Parameter Final InitialSx = Xstretch= 1.00005 1.000Sy = Ystretch = 0.99988 1.000

= Twist = 0.20326 0.000 °h = Xoffset = -41.88402 0.000 µmk =Yoffset = 30.72551 0.000 µm

T & k Fields in Gap Between Chuck and Injector/Ceiling • Oct99

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0HOTTER = z/y COOLER

= (T

-T1)

/(T2-

T1),

= (k

-k1)

/(k2-

k1)

THETA = (T-T1)/(T2-T1)lambda = (k-k1)/(k2-k1)Constant k

ESTIMATE kavg WITH END POINTS• Est. = (k1 + k2)/2 = = 0.04180• Act. = -y•k(z)•(dT/dz)/(T2-T1) = 0.04276• = 2.25%

file = Chuck Heat_Xfer_Oct99.xls

PARAMETERS• Inj/Ceiling Temp, T1 = 65C• Chuck Temp, T2 = 550C• k1 = 0.02554 W/m-K• k2 = 0.05524 W/m-K• k[T(z)) for N2 by Reid, Prausnitz,. Poling



Tables in Reports When using Tables in Reports and

Presentations• Tables should always have:

– a Title– Column headings with brief descriptive names,

symbols and appropriate units.• Numerical data in the table should be written to

the proper number of significant digits. • The decimal points in a column should be aligned. • Tables should always be referenced and

discussed/explained in the body of the text of the document containing the table



Table Examples

Unit Test Test V (fpm) At Measurement Position Vavg,90 Test Duct Area Q Test Condition • NotesTested Date No. P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 (fpm) (sq-in) (cfm) PS-fan Ctr-Fan DrvCg-FanAA007 22-May-03 1 60 65 65 75 70 60.3 49.5 20.7281 1 1 0BD013 22-May-03 2 160 115 165 150 140 131.4 49.5 45.1688 1 1 0PQ019 17-Jun-03 1 130 170 170 160 170 144 30.625 30.625 1 1 1



Budgeting Table2-MCM SYSTEM Cost

Sub-Assembly (Including outside Mfg. costs)

Prodution Cost

EstimateProduction

Budget

Proto Cost

EstimateProto

BudgetDeviceNet MFCs, 4 ea 8.0 12 8.8 20Pneumatic Valves, 8 ea 2.2 2.2Needle Valves, 4 ea 1.0 1.0Manual Valve, 2 ea; chk valves, 4 ea 1.0 1.0Weldments, 16 ea 4.8 4.8

a-F switching valves, 8 ea 1.8 6 1.8 10Pump Divert Valve Kit, 2 ea 4.0 4.0Weldments, 8 ea 2.4 2.4Upgrade downstream valves to ChemRaz 2.8 2.8

ASTeX Astron, 2 ea 82 80 98 100ASTeX qte SW031599

P-Xducer on Astron outlet, 4 ea 3.2 2 3.2 2Water Flow Sw, 4 ea (cf. 083931 0.9 0.912 ea TC (cf. 080144) 0.3 0.30Total 114.40 100.00 131.20 132.00



Table Construction DemoFall: Course TitleCourse No. Units Spring: Course TitleCourse No.UnitsVector Mechanics - DynamicsME 104 3 Technical Communication E 190 3ThermodynamicsME 105 3 Fluid MechanicsME 106 3

Year 3 Mechanics of MaterialsCE 130 3 Mechanical Behavior of Materials ME C124 3Computational MethodsE77 3 Orthopedic Biomechanics ME C176 3Electronic Techniques EE100 3 Game Theory ECON C110 3

Total Units 15 Total Units 15

Fall: Course Title Course No. Units Spring: Course Title Course No. UnitsVector Mechanics - Dynamics ME 104 3 Technical Communication E 190 3Thermodynamics ME 105 3 Fluid Mechanics ME 106 3Mechanics of Materials CE 130 3 Mechanical Behavior of Materials ME C124 3Computational Methods E77 3 Orthopedic Biomechanics ME C176 3Electronic Techniques EE100 3 Game Theory ECON C110 3


Year 3



Charts and Graphs Carefully The Select the TYPE of Chart

• Different Charts Convey Different Info Make Clear and Easy to Read

• Large Fonts• Good Contrast

– Light-on-Dark or Dark-on-Light

Include Legend Unless Info in Title Label All Axes, Including Units



Charts & Graphs cont Where Appropriate Annotate or Mark

points/regions of Interest with Arrows, Ovals, or Text

There are 11 different chart types in Microsoft Excel (and several variations of each type) • This Covers 99.9% of the Chart Types That

Most Engineers will need• Consider Next the Criteria for application



The 11 MS Excel Chart Types



MS Excel Charts Area Chart

• An area chart emphasizes the magnitude of change over time. By displaying the sum of the plotted values, an area chart also shows the relationship of parts to a whole.

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_mDaf3IQ-j-4/SvIl7aB-eLI/AAAAAAAACNQ/GpNCqtMI4ZA/s1600-h/stacked-area-chart.jpg



MS Excel Charts Bar Chart

• A bar chart illustrates comparisons among individual items. Categories are organized vertically, values horizontally, to focus on comparing values and to place LESS emphasis on time. Stacked bar charts showthe relationship of individual items to the whole.

Alignment Effectiveness vs. No. of Calibration Points

27.05

25.00

23.11

21.08

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

65

43

Num

ber o

f Alig

nmen

t Poi

nts

Aligned vs. Unaligned Effectiveness file = Align_CoOrd_Test_020320.xls

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

N

S

E

W

Production Volume (tons)Re

gion

Milk

IceCream

Chese



MS Excel Charts Column Chart

• A column chart shows data changes over a period of time or illustrates comparisons among items. Categories are organized horizontally, values vertically, to emphasize variation over time. Stacked column charts show the relationship of individual items to the whole.



MS Excel Charts Line Chart

• A line chart shows trends in data at equal intervals. Although line charts are similar to area charts, line charts emphasize time flow and the rate of change, rather than the amount of change or the magnitude of values.



MS Excel Charts Pie Chart

• A pie chart shows the proportional size of items that make up a data series to the sum of the items.

• It always shows only one data series and is useful when you want to emphasize ONE significant element



MS Excel Charts XY (Scatter) Chart

• An xy (scatter) chart either shows the relationships among the numeric values in several data series or plots two groups of numbers as one series of xy coordinates. It shows uneven intervals, or clusters, of data and is commonly used for scientific data.

TEOS Liquid Source Vapor Bubble Saturation v. Liquid Height

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0Liquid Level Inside Bubbler, y (inch)

Inte

grat

ed B

ubbl

e Sa

tura

tion,

S v

0

30

60

90

120

150

Bub

ble

Ris

e Ti

me,

r (m

s)

Integrated Saturation (%)

Rise Time (ms)

file = Sv(t)_01.xls

• Bubble Diameter = 1.999 mm• Dv for TEOS in N2 = 0.0727 cm2/s• Kinematic viscosity,, = 0.00511 cm2/s

99% Saturation after 67 ms, or 0.46"

Linear portion of r curve indicatesterminal velocity of ~0.23 m/s



MS Excel Charts Doughnut Chart

• Like a pie chart, a doughnut chart shows the relationship of parts to a whole, but it can contain more than one data series. Each ring of the doughnut chart represents a data series

• Basically nestedPie-Charts



MS Excel Charts Radar Chart

• In a radar chart, each category has its own value axis radiating from the center point. Lines connect all the values in the same series. A radar chart compares the aggregate values of a number of data series.



MS Excel Charts Surface Chart

• A 3D surface chart is useful when you want to find optimum combinations between two sets of data. As in a topographic map, colors and patternsindicate areas thatare in the samerange of values.

5060

7080

90100

200250

300350

400450

500550

600650

700

4.4%

4.6%

4.8%

5.0%

5.2%

5.4%

5.6%

5.8%

6.0%

6.2%

6.4%

6.6%

6.8%

Chan

ge in

Bub

b le r

Out

put (

%/°C

)

Bubbler Temperature (°C)

Chamber Pressure (Torr)

TEOS Bubbler Vapor Generator Temp Sensitivity

file =VapGen_T-P_Sens.xls



MS Excel Charts Bubble Chart

• A bubble chart is a type of xy (scatter) chart. The size of the data marker indicates the value of a third variable.

4-Pt Aligned Error Mag vs. Position • KLARFF Wafer CZHA

-12

-8

-4

0

4

8

12

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4

Xindex

Yind

ex

NOTES• OTA-2100• 200mm IBM Wafer CZHA.001 • Test Date = 20Mar02• Aligned Avg Error Vector = 8.52 µm

file = Align_CoOrd_Test_020320.xls



MS Excel Charts Stock Chart

• The stock chart is often used to illustrate stock prices. This chart can also be used for scientific data, for example, to indicate temperature changes



MS Excel Charts Cone, Cylinder, and Pyramid Chart

• The cone, cylinder, and pyramid data markers can lend a dramatic effect to 3-D column and bar charts.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Hofs

tede

Sco

re

Sociable Respecting Dif.Cultures

Building Skills Fairness Influential Considerate

AsiaU.S.



Graph Construction Demo

TABLE I: Vapor Pressure DataVapor pressures (mm Hg) of less than one atmosphere as a function of temperature. (All temperatures are in degrees Celsius)

Chemical 1 5 10 20 40 60 100 200 400 760 mmHg

Sodium, Na 439 511 549 589 633 662 701 758 823 892 oC

1,4-Dioxane C4H8O2 -35.8 -12.8 -1.2 12.0 25.2 33.8 45.1 62.3 81.8 101.1 oC

Acetone (CH3)2CO -59.4 -40.5 -31.1 -20.8 -9.4 -2.0 7.7 22.7 39.5 56.5 oC

Butyric Acid, C4H8O2 25.5 49.8 61.5 74.0 88.0 96.5 108.0 125.5 144.5 163.5 oC

Stannic Chloride, SnCl4 -22.7 -1.0 10.0 22.0 35.2 43.5 54.7 72.0 92.1 113.0 oC

http://research.umbc.edu/~lkelly/DAExp.htm

Given Vapor Pressure Data

Construct a Scatter Chart to Find the Clapeyron Eqn Constants m & bfor Stannic Chloride

bT

mPv 1ln



Chart Construction ResultSnCl4Vapor Pressure

ln(Pv) = -4.7201(1000/T) + 18.958R2 = 0.9992

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

2.5 2.75 3 3.25 3.5 3.75 41000/T (1/Kelvin)

ln(P

v) (l

n[To

rr])

-6%

-4%

-2%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

Fit Error = (Fit-Actual)/A

ctual

ln(Pv)(ln[Torr])Fit Error

Linear (ln(Pv)(ln[Torr]))

Demo_Excel_Table-n-Chart_Build_Fa06.xls



SLOPE & INTERCEPT Cmds Find Explicitly the Least-Sqs m&b for

X Y1.02 9.3462.02 10.679233.03 15.902544.01 13.322695.05 18.6155.96 23.608317.03 20.268697.99 30.21085

9 27.710 25.16615

11.04 32.39212.05 33.7482312.98 32.0201513.98 43.9878515.04 37.7249215.97 41.7974617.01 41.2891517.95 52.15208

19 50.719.99 48.1431520.97 51.3639221.95 59.4185422.95 63.6520824.02 60.3124624.98 59.6201525.95 63.7846927.02 67.2124628.05 72.4817729.05 69.9479229.98 74.0204630.97 75.3306931.95 76.6179232.98 83.8207733.96 80.2741535.05 89.5485435.96 86.8076936.96 93.9415437.98 99.1878538.99 99.57731



SLOPE & INTERCEPT Cmds

Slope Intercept2.298162 6.2435



S&I Cmds vs Plot TrendLine

Slope Intercept2.298162 6.2435



RSQ Command

r2

0.986064



All Done for Today

ExcelPlotting HbH Metering Tube P • Orifice Characteristic • 25Jan00

P = 30.471qR2 = 0.9996

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

0.00 0.03 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21 0.24 0.27 0.30MFC Flow, q (slpm)

[1

-Hol

e B

ack

Pres

sure

] ( [

Torr

])

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1-Hole B

ack Pressure, P ([Torr)

1-Hole Back Pressure (SQRT{Torr})

1-Hole Back Pressure (Torr)

Bernoulli Square Law Behavior

file = Tube-Test_00.xls

PARAMETERS• Exhaust to Atmosphere• 0.312" O.D. Tube• 9.5 mil holes• Rough, 1st-cut Test• Re = 4q/(d) = 1400 @ q = 0.24 slpm



Bruce Mayer, PELicensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer

[email protected]

Engr/Math/Physics 25

Appendix 6972 23 xxxxf

tfyyy

735

masterjslave PxhPn

1



Table Construction Demo (1) Start

Fall: Course TitleCourse No. Units Spring: Course TitleCourse No.UnitsVector Mechanics - DynamicsME 104 3 Technical Communication E 190 3ThermodynamicsME 105 3 Fluid MechanicsME 106 3

Year 3 Mechanics of MaterialsCE 130 3 Mechanical Behavior of Materials ME C124 3Computational MethodsE77 3 Orthopedic Biomechanics ME C176 3Electronic Techniques EE100 3 Game Theory ECON C110 3


Top & Bot Rows 20High

Middle Rows 16high

Merge Cells Vertically



Table Construction Demo (2) Format Alignment

of the “Year 3 Cell

Result so Far

Format Dialog Box

Fall: Course TitleCourse No. Units Spring: Course TitleCourse No.UnitsVector Mechanics - DynamicsME 104 3 Technical Communication E 190 3ThermodynamicsME 105 3 Fluid MechanicsME 106 3Mechanics of MaterialsCE 130 3 Mechanical Behavior of Materials ME C124 3Computational MethodsE77 3 Orthopedic Biomechanics ME C176 3Electronic Techniques EE100 3 Game Theory ECON C110 3


Year 3



Table Construction Demo (3) Set Column

Widths• 2, 30, 11, 5, 30,

11, 5

Format Fonts• All RED• Top, Bot, & Lt-End

Rows Bold

Format Top & Bot Cells for VERTICAL Centering



Table Construction Demo (4) Set Border Color

to Blue Grid INSIDE blue



Table Construction Demo (5) Double-Line Blue

Border Outside Double-Line Blue

Border Lt-Vert Cell



Table Construction Demo (6) Double-Line Blue Border Remainder



Year 3



Table Construction Demo (7) Center Columns: Course No., Units



Year 3



Chart Construction Demo (1) Start

• Open File Demo_Excel_Table-n-Chart_Build_0511.xls

Copy from Table from Slide-22 → Paste into Demo Sheet • Need Vertical

Data

Horizontal table starting in Col-H

Copy Table Cells and EDIT → PASTE SPECIAL → transpose



Chart Construction Demo (2)

Result after Transpose Paste



Chart Construction Demo (3) Archive Data

• Make Scratch WorkSheet; Xfer horizontal Table to to this sheet

Edit Worksheet• Adjust Headings• Delete Cols other

Than SnCl4• Move Remaining

to Right



Chart Construction Demo (4) Place in cols A &

B• 1000/T; T in

Kelvins• Ln(Pv)

After Filling A & B

Formula for Col-B• =LN(E8)



Chart Construction Demo (5) Now need to Sort

the Data with the indep var (1000/T) in ASCENDING ORDER• DATA → SORT



Chart Construction Demo (6) Highlight/

Select Data to Plot

Invoke Chart Wizard



Chart Construction Demo (7) Continue with

Chart Wizard



Chart Construction Demo (8) Add X-Grid Lines

Remove Legend

Insert As NEW Sheet• Give Descriptive

Name



Chart Construction Demo (9)

Stannic Chloride (SnCl4) Vapor Pressure(ln[Torr])

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

1000/T (1/Kelvin)

ln(P

v) (l

n[To

rr])

Chart Wizard Result

Change• X-axis Scale: 2.5-4• Shorten Title• Clear BackGround• Lager, Sq Data Markers• GridLine & Text Colors



Chart Construction Demo (10) Select Chart Area

ThenRight-Clik

Select X-axis, Ther Right-Clik



Chart Construction Demo (11) Select Grid Lines,

Rt-Clik, Chg Colors

Select Data Series, Rt-Clik, Chg Marker



Chart Construction Demo (12) Position Labels at Page Edges →

Stretch-Out Plot Area



Chart Construction Demo (13) Chart Fine-Tuning Result

SnCl4Vapor Pressure

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

2.5 2.75 3 3.25 3.5 3.75 41000/T (1/Kelvin)

ln(P

v) (l

n[To

rr])

Add TrendLine to find Clapeyron m &b Constants



Chart Construction Demo (14) Select Data

Series, Rt-Clik, Add TrendLn

Select: Linear, Display Parameters



Chart Construction Demo (15) Fine Tune TrendLine Form & Display

SnCl4Vapor Pressure

y = -4.7201x + 18.958R2 = 0.99920

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

2.5 2.75 3 3.25 3.5 3.75 41000/T (1/Kelvin)

ln(P

v) (l

n[To

rr])

SnCl4Vapor Pressure

ln(Pv) = -4.7201(1000/T) + 18.958R2 = 0.9992

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

2.5 2.75 3 3.25 3.5 3.75 41000/T (1/Kelvin)

ln(P

v) (l

n[To

rr])

Done with Plot; and have determined m & b by Trendline• Note that the Fit is Excellent;

R2 = 99.92%



Chart Construction Demo (16) Add Fitted Data to table

Copy & Paste from Chart

Calc Using m & b

Analysis of Fit Characteristics

Calc Error=(G4-E4)/E4



Put Fitted Data on Chart• On Table: Select & Copy

Data• On chart: EDIT → PASTE

SPECIAL → dialog Box above



Chart Construction Demo (17) Fine Tune Two-Variable Display

SnCl4Vapor Pressure

ln(Pv) = -4.7201(1000/T) + 18.958R2 = 0.9992

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

2.5 2.75 3 3.25 3.5 3.75 4

1000/T (1/Kelvin)

ln(P

v) (l

n[To

rr])

Error Data Series

To Make Error Data More Visible Show using SECONDARY Axis at Right



Chart Construction Demo (18)SnCl4Vapor Pressure

ln(Pv) = -4.7201(1000/T) + 18.958R2 = 0.9992

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

2.5 2.75 3 3.25 3.5 3.75 41000/T (1/Kelvin)

ln(P

v) (l

n[To

rr])

-6.0%

-4.0%

-2.0%

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%



Chart Construction Demo (19) Fine Tune Two-Axes Display



Chart Construction Demo (20)SnCl4Vapor Pressure

ln(Pv) = -4.7201(1000/T) + 18.958R2 = 0.9992

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

2.5 2.75 3 3.25 3.5 3.75 41000/T (1/Kelvin)

ln(P

v) (l

n[To

rr])

-6%

-4%

-2%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

Fit Error = (Fit-Actual)/A

ctual

ln(Pv)(ln[Torr])Fit Error

Linear (ln(Pv)(ln[Torr]))



Nice Chart



Coefficient of Correlation The coefficient of correlation is an

indication of how well the linear relationship determined by the method of least squares fits the data set.

The equation for the coefficient of correlation is:

2i

2i

2i

2i

iiii

)y()yn()x()xn()y)(x()yxn(R



Interpretation of R If R is 0, the points are so scattered that

the regression line does not help predict y for a given x.

If R is +1 (positive slope) or –1 (negative slope), the points actually lie on a straight line so almost perfect predictions of y for a given x can be made using the regression line.



Goodness of FitR Value Correlation

0.9 to 1.0 Very high positive0.7 to 0.9 High positive0.5 to 0.7 Moderate positive0.3 to 0.5 Low positive-0.3 to 0.3 Little, if any-0.5 to -0.3 Low negative-0.7 to -0.5 Moderate negative-0.9 to -0.7 High negative-1.0 to -0.9 Very high negative

Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer BMayer@ChabotCollege

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Transcript of Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer BMayer@ChabotCollege