Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer BMayer@ChabotCollege

[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt1

Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering

Bruce Mayer, PELicensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer

[email protected]

Engineering 10

Chp.14 TechCommunicati

on



¿¿Class QUESTION??

What can HUMANS do FAR

BETTER than Any other

Species on the Planet Earth?CO

MM

UNIC

ATE



Why Engineering Communication Engineers must communicate

with each other Engineers must communicate

with nonengineers Engineers must communicate

technical Information Engineers must communicate

EFFECTIVELY



Why Engineering Comm cont

Surveys of Employers about the needs or skills for employees• Written And Oral Communication Is Always

Near the Top Of The List– c.f. §4.11 in the Text...Employees should

Demonstrate EXCELLENT Communication Skills

• COMMUNICATION is always a rating Criteria used by College Recruiters– The Instructor Partially Rated College Recruits

On Communication Skills



Why Engineering Comm cont Your work as an engineer usually

results in a DOCUMENT or a PRESENTATION as well as a “BluePrint” or device or product• If you are Senior Engineer, Expect to

Spend 20-40% of Time on Comm Issues Engineers prepare memos, reports,

emails, proposals, technical articles, procedures, presentations, project reviews, Speak at Meetings, . . .



Class Exercise → White Board Can you Think of Some Professions

that are Known for Communication Skills? (e.g., Actors, Politicians)

1. ?

2. ?

3. ?

4. ?

5. ?



Good Communicators

Some Good Communicators • Actors, TV & Radio “Personalities”• Public Office Holders• Attorneys• “Leaders” of ANY Kind• “Writers” of all Kinds• Teachers & Professors

Should Engineers Be On this List?



Engineers as Communicators?

Should Engineers Be on the Good-Communicator List?• Answer for the Stereotype is NO• Answer from some people in industry is NO• Reality: YES, some of the BEST

communicators are ENGINEERS– e.g., Mr. Ayesh, Mr. Huy Nguyen, etc.

Q: Why/How Does the Practice of Engineering Develop Comm Skills?



Engineers as Communicators?

A: Engineers must present material that is Difficult to understand & comprehend• Makes The Job Of

Achieving Effective Communication isa Process That Requires SKILL and EFFORT



Communication Forms

Documents → TECHNICAL WRITING• Formal Reports – Design Specs,

Project Bids/Proposals, Test Reports• Publications Journal Articles, Books• Patent Applications• Instructions and Procedures

– In Small Firms Engineers will Write the Entire Instruction Manual

• Formal Letters• Internal communication – Memos, eMails



Communication Forms cont.

Talks → TECHNICAL PRESENTATIONS• Formal PowerPoint Presentations• Informal Group Presentations (Staff Mtgs) • One-on-Discussions

– e.g., supervisor, report, colleague, designer, technicians, operators, customers/clients

• Often done with Little or No Advance Notice– Need to Develop

Extemporaneous Speaking Skills



Engineering Comm Goals

Clear Concise

• i.e., Quick

Professional Reliable

• i.e., Accurate

Ethical HOW to Do all This?



Tech Comm Should Answer

WHAT Did You Do? HOW Did You Do It? WHAT was, or Will be, The

SIGNIFICANCE of What Was Done?

Or For a Proposal:• What Will Be Done?• How Will It Be Done it?• What are the Benefits?



Basic “Law” Of Communication

Tell Them What You are Going to Tell Them• An Outline or Introduction

Tell Them• The Body of Report or Presentation

Tell Them What you Told Them• Summary and/or Conclusions

Stop • Leave the Audience with the Main Point



Mistakes Erode Credibility Errors in Spelling, Grammar, Format,

Numerical Values, Units, etc., Suggest• Carelessness• Lack of Professionalism• Sloppiness• Questionable Reliability

The Audience ReceivingError-Filled Communication Often Feels a Lack of Respect

http://www.dreamstime.com/register?jump_to=http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-photography-royalty-free-stock-photography-error-icon-image16125237



Mistakes Erode Credibility cont. Do Not Invalidate Good Engineering

Work with Poor Communication Your WRITING and PRESENTATIONS

are as MUCH A PART of Your Engineering as Are Calculations, Judgment, BluePrints,and Creativity



2nd Law of Communication 2.1 Know your AUDIENCE 2.2 Know your SUBJECT

Carefully Consider the Audience• Who is the Audience?• What is their Motivation;

i.e., Why are They Here?• How Much Do They Know Now?• What Do They Want to Know?



2nd Law of Communication cont.

Carefully Consider the Audience• Level of Detail and Background Info

– Too MUCH Bores the Audience and Wastes Time (Theirs AND Yours)

– Too LITTLE Loses, Confuses, Intimidates, and Annoys the Audience

– Either Too-Much or Too-Little Degrades The Communication Effectiveness

• Prioritize The Points– Stick to Main Issues

Omit What Does Not Support the Main Point



2nd Law of Communication cont. Be Prepared

• Understand Your Topic– Do Extra Research if Needed

• Try to ANTICIPATE Questions– Answer Them as An Integral Part of Your

Communication

• Organized-Thoughts and Organized-Work Show Up as an Organized Document or Presentation

• The Style/Structure Can Enhance or Detract



Style and Tone TONE is the Feeling Or Impression a

Document Conveys Style Refers to the Choices Writers

Make that Create The Tone Conveyed to the Audience

Engineers Write in PROFESSIONAL Style• i.e., as One Professional to Another (tone)• Can be: Formal, Informal, SemiFormal



Engineering Comm Graphics Engineering is a PHYSICAL Endeavor

• This Implies the Use of Extensive VISUALIZATION

Use Visuals to The Maximum Advantage to Communicate Information

Partial List of Engineering Visuals• Tables

– Tabulated Data, Results, Estimates, Lists



Engineering Comm Graphics cont• Charts & Graphs (ENGR25)

– Plots of: Data, Results, Calculations, Estimates

• Engineering Drawings (ENGR22)– Flow Diagrams/Charts, Electrical & Fluid

Circuits (Line Schematics), Pictorial and Othrographic-Projection Drawings, CAD Solid Models, etc.

• Images– Photos & Videos (enabled

by Digital Photography), Scans, ClipArt



Visuals Should Have a Purpose Save Time Clarify an Idea or Concept Reinforce a Concept Increase Interest

• “Appealing” Visual

Prove a Point Increase Retention Document or Archive Information



Engineering Graphics Usage Graphics COMPLEMENT a Report or

Presentation• The Visual SUPPORTS The Written

Description or Oral Presentation

Graphics used for: Reporting, Design, Development, Tutoring, Demonstrating, Documenting



Tables Effective for Organizing and Presenting

Data and Lists Used to Display and Calculate Precise

Numerical Results Create In

MS Excel or MS Word• Can Create in

Either to Paste into PwrPnt



Tatsuno Fab Equipment LISTType Model Manufacturer Notes

Oxidation Tube Fnce DD-9400VF Kokusai LPCVD Tubes DJ800 Kokusai LPCVD Tubes XL-8P-373 Terusarko

APCVD PET-5500 Pacific Western PECVD PBM-GL450S Pacific Western

SOG Coater TR-6131 Sputter 2400-8SA Perkin-Elmer Al, Al-Si, Ti Sputter MLX-1000 Ulvac Al-Si

E-Beam Evaporator EBX-6D Ulvac Au Ion Implanter 200SJ TEL/Varian

g-Line Stepper LD5010 Hitachi i-Line Stepper NSR2005i8A Nikon

Projection Aligner M240 SVG 2-Sided Mask Aligner PEM-1000AL Union Optical

PR Track, Neg. ACD-640 TEL PR Track, Pos. SKW636BV DNS PR Track, Pos. V4600CD TEL

Vacuum UV Bake TVC-5002 Tokyo Ohka PR Asher, Plasma OPM-A1200 Tokyo Ohka



Reporting Numbers Significant Figures

• Consider Accuracy, Precision, ±Error– Engineering Data Seldom Known to Better Than

±0.2%

• Generally Use 3 Figures, 4 OK if Data is Extra Accurate; e.g.,– 0.062178 Volts → 62.2 mV

• True for Tables, Charts, Text• Sums and %’s Should Add Exactly

– Rounding Errors Suggest Missing Data



Excel SpreadSheet Tables (E25)

The Excel SpreadSheet IS a Table• Cells Organized in Rows & Columns

Cells Calculate (update) Automatically• Formulas & References

Numbers in Cells Can Be Easily Formatted for Precision & Alignment• Use Format-Number or Format-Cell

Rows & Columns Easily Resized WORD is Better for Tabulating TEXT



Drawings and Diagrams

Tools – Word, PowerPoint, MATLAB, Visio, AutoCad, Smart Draw, Solid-Edge, ProE, SolidWorks, more

Tool Selection Depends on Purpose & Audience

2D or 3D Need to Rescale, Edit, Cut, Paste, Import Resolution Level of Detail

GoogleSketchUp



WJ-1500 Chamber ElectroBaric Analog



3D vs 2D 3D Generally More Informative, but they

• Take Longer to Prepare• Require More Memory (disk space)



Charts and Graphs

Carefully The Select the TYPE of Chart• Different Charts Convey Different Info

Make Clear and Easy to Read• Large Fonts• Good Contrast

– Light-on-Dark or Dark-on-Light

Include Legend Unless Info in Title Label All Axes, Including Units



Charts & Graphs cont Where Appropriate Annotate or Mark

points/regions of Interest with Arrows, Ovals, or Text

There are 14 chart types in Microsoft Excel • This Covers 99% of the Chart Types That

Most Engineers will need• See Appendix for Details• Covered in ENGR25



Bruce Mayer, PELicensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer

[email protected]

Chabot Engineering

AppendixMSExcel Charts



MS Excel Charts Area Chart

• An area chart emphasizes the magnitude of change over time. By displaying the sum of the plotted values, an area chart also shows the relationship of parts to a whole.



MS Excel Charts Bar Chart

• A bar chart illustrates comparisons among individual items. Categories are organized vertically, values horizontally, to focus on comparing values and to place less emphasis on time. Stacked bar charts show the relationship of individual items to the whole.

Alignment Effectiveness vs. No. of Calibration Points

27.05

25.00

23.11

21.08

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

65

43

Nu

mb

er

of

Alig

nm

en

t P

oin

ts

Aligned vs. Unaligned Effectiveness file = Align_CoOrd_Test_020320.xls



MS Excel Charts Column Chart

• A column chart shows data changes over a period of time or illustrates comparisons among items. Categories are organized horizontally, values vertically, to emphasize variation over time. Stacked column charts show the relationship of individual items to the whole.



MS Excel Charts Line Chart

• A line chart shows trends in data at equal intervals. Although line charts are similar to area charts, line charts emphasize time flow and the rate of change, rather than the amount of change or the magnitude of values.



MS Excel Charts Pie Chart

• A pie chart shows the proportional size of items that make up a data series to the sum of the items. It always shows only one data series and is useful when you want to emphasize a significant element



MS Excel Charts

XY (Scatter) Chart• An xy (scatter) chart

either shows the relationships among the numeric values in several data series or plots two groups of numbers as one series of xy coordinates. It shows uneven intervals, or clusters, of data and is commonly used for scientific data.

TEOS Liquid Source Vapor Bubble Saturation v. Liquid Height

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

Liquid Level Inside Bubbler, y (inch)

Inte

gra

ted

Bu

bb

le S

atu

rati

on

, Sv

0

30

60

90

120

150

Bu

bb

le R

ise

Tim

e,

r (m

s)

Integrated Saturation (%)

Rise Time (ms)

file = Sv(t)_01.xls

• Bubble Diameter = 1.999 mm

• Dv for TEOS in N2 = 0.0727 cm2/s

• Kinematic viscosity,, = 0.00511 cm2/s

99% Saturation after 67 ms, or 0.46"

Linear portion of r curve indicatesterminal velocity of ~0.23 m/s



MS Excel Charts Doughnut Chart

• Like a pie chart, a doughnut chart shows the relationship of parts to a whole, but it can contain more than one data series. Each ring of the doughnut chart represents a data series



MS Excel Charts

Radar Chart• In a radar chart, each category has its own

value axis radiating from the center point. Lines connect all the values in the same series. A radar chart compares the aggregate values of a number of data series.



MS Excel Charts Surface Chart

• A surface chart is useful when you want to find optimum combinations between two sets of data. As in a topographic map, colors and patternsindicate areas thatare in the samerange of values.



MS Excel Charts Bubble Chart

• A bubble chart is a type of xy (scatter) chart. The size of the data marker indicates the value of a third variable.

4-Pt Aligned Error Mag vs. Position • KLARFF Wafer CZHA

-12

-8

-4

0

4

8

12

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4

Xindex

Yin

de

x

NOTES• OTA-2100• 200mm IBM Wafer CZHA.001 • Test Date = 20Mar02• Aligned Avg Error Vector = 8.52 µm

file = Align_CoOrd_Test_020320.xls



MS Excel Charts Stock Chart

• The stock chart is often used to illustrate stock prices. This chart can also be used for scientific data, for example, to indicate temperature changes



MS Excel Charts Cone, Cylinder, and Pyramid Chart

• The cone, cylinder, and pyramid data markers can lend a dramatic effect to 3-D column and bar charts.

0

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Ho

fste

de

Sc

ore

Sociable Respecting Dif.Cultures

Building Skills Fairness Influential Considerate

Asia

U.S.

Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer BMayer@ChabotCollege

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