The best Internet experience on any device

Opera Software The best browsing experience on any device

brucel@opera.com, http://dev.opera.com

www.brucelawson.co.uk twitter.com/brucel

Opera is a Web Browser

Opera's vision is to provide the best Internet experience on any device

Why do Web Standards matter?

The most important program on your computer is

your Web Browser.

Standards are conventions

When Standards go BAD!

What are Web Standards?

Standards are rules and methodologies that make building

things easier.And the results better.

Open vs Closed Standards

Open Standards are made by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in public,

through debate, discussion leading to agreement.

Closed Standards are made by a single company, in secret, according to the business needs of that company.

Dangers of a closed-standard culture

South Korea is a nation that at the forefront of technology, an early adopter of ecommerce, leading the world in 3G

mobile adoption, in wireless broadband, in wired broadband adoption, as well as in citizen-driven media.

But the Web is in hands of a single corporation.

http://kanai.net/weblog/archive/2007/01/26/00h53m55s

Advantages of Open StandardsThe Web works everywhere - The Web is the platform

● Good standards help developers: validate; separate content and presentation - means specialisation and maintainability.

● Good standards help site owners: more maintainability; smaller pages; better SEO (webometrics)

● Good standards help site end-users: light-weight; findable; interoperable; more likely accessible

● Write once, work everywhere (you can't test every device!)

Case study - Legal and General

British based financial services company that provides life, health and other insurance, as well as pensions and investments.

Its shares trade on the London Stock Exchange as part of the FTSE 100 Index. Major markets include U.K., France, Germany, the Netherlands and the United States.

www.landg.com

Legal and General's re-design● 30% increase in natural search-engine traffic● 75% reduction in time for page to load● Browser-compatibility (no complaints since), accessible to mobile

devices● Time to manage content “reduced from five days to 0.5 days per

job”● Savings of £200K annually on site maintenance● 90% increase in life insurance sales online● 100% return on investment in less than 12 months.

www.brucelawson.co.uk/pas78

Open Web technologies

Using the right tool for the right job

– see Web Standards Curriculum

opera.com/wsc

HTML

● Hypertext Markup Language● HTML is for information● HTML describes the meaning of your information● Presentation (fonts, colours, layout, decoration) is not

meaning – it's style● HTML is just text, so it's light and any device can consume

it: screen readers, braille displays, in-car voice browsers, old mobile phones, search engines

Cascading stylesheets for presentation

CSS provides a way to abstract styles from meaning.Include it in the head and style the whole site:

table {width:500px; border:1px solid white;}th {background-color:blue; color:white; text-align:center;}

tr {background-color:white; color:black;}tr:nth-child(even) {background-color:#66FFCC;}

JavaScript for behaviour

Using principles of unobtrusive JavaScript, I'll add Stuart Langridge's Sorttable script (kryogenix.org):

<script src="sorttable.js"></script><table class="sortable">

Check out the sortable table

<canvas>

Canvas is an immediate graphics mode for modern browsers. Placeholder for scripted images/ animations.

<canvas>Fallback content</canvas>

Tutorials (write your own games!)http://dev.opera.comSearch for “canvas”

Canvas is an immediate graphics mode for modern browsers. Placeholder for scripted images/ animations.

<canvas>Fallback content</canvas>

Tutorials (write your own games!)http://dev.opera.comSearch for “canvas”

Evolution of HTML: monkey on left becomes human in 4 stages

Evolution of HTML: 5 th monkey (HTML5) is human but dressed

in pimp clothing

HTML5

“... extending the language to better support Web applications, since that is one of the directions the Web is going in and is one of the areas least well served by HTML so far.

This puts HTML in direct competition with other technologies intended for applications deployed over the Web, in particular Flash and Silverlight.”

HTML5 goodies

● Drag and drop ● Cross-window, Cross-domain messaging● Web workers ● Adding toolbars <menu>, <command>● WebStorage● Geolocation● Register protocol handler, content type handlers● Server-sent events <eventsource>

What does this code do?<object width="425" height="344"><param name="movie" value="http://www.example.com/v/LtfQg4KkR88&hl=en&fs=1"></param>

<param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><embed src="http://www.example.com/v/LtfQg4KkR88&hl=en&fs=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"

allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="344"></embed>

</object>

Video (future)

<video src="video.ogv" <a href="video.ogv">Download movie</a></video>

Handphone/ devices development 1Write simple content and use a simple design. KISS

Photo credit: Mild Mannered Photographer, http://www.flickr.com/photos/alexerde/2433520958/

Handphone/ devices development 2

Define size of images in your HTML, use alt text● <img height=”200” width=”100” alt=”company logo”>● Images take a long time to load, so tell the browser to leave a

space for them● If you don't, when the image finally loads, the browser will redraw

the page to fit the image in● Your users will be angry if the content they were reading scrolls off

the screen to make space for images● Redrawing the screen wastes processor time (and battery life)

Handphone/ devices development 3

Put your JavaScript at the bottom of your page if possible

● Browsers wait for JS to load. If they're at the top, rendering pauses.

● If your JS is at the bottom of the page, the user can read the content etc while she is waiting to interact with the page.

Handphone/ devices development 4

Minimise HTTP requests

● The slowest part of rendering your pages on handphones is requesting a file (JS/ CSS/ image) over the network

● Combine JS into one file. Same with CSS.● Use CSS sprites to combine decorative images● Consider encoding images directly in your page as data URLs● Use SVG or <canvas> for images

Handphone/ devices development 5Use CSS Media Queries to reformat your page

for different devices

@media all and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 800px) {your CSS here}

@media all and (min-width: 400px) and (max-width: 480px) {other CSS here}

The Standards-based workflow● Know and understand your tool set.● Use the right tools (HTML, CSS, JS, Media Queries).● Validate your code (validator.w3.org, JS Lint).● Use Opera Dragonfly and debug menu to hunt down

errors and kill them, or just see what's going on.● Check your work regularly in Opera desktop at different

screen widths, Opera Mini and other browsers.● This is an iterative cycle. It will save time.

Why you need to know Open Standards

● oppose dominance by one corporation and so promote choice

● promote inclusion (slower networks, older computers, people with disabilities)

● lower development cost - work smarter, not cheaper● These will be hot skills in a few months' time: get

them now!

Terima Kasih

brucel@opera.com, www.opera.com/developer

www.brucelawson.co.uk, twitter.com/brucel

www.html5doctor.com