Brookings Metropolitan Policy Program: Global Cities Initiative, Houston
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Transcript of Brookings Metropolitan Policy Program: Global Cities Initiative, Houston
GLOBAL CITIES INITIATIVEA J O I N T P R OJ ECT O F B R O O K I N GS A N D J P M O R GA N C H AS E
Houston, TX / May 15, 2013@bruce_katz #globalcities
10.2 millionjobs needed
More Jobs
81 millionpoor or near poor in 2000
More Jobs & Better Jobs
107 millionpoor or near poor in 2011
More Jobs & Better Jobs
A vision for the next American economy
1 2 3
1
2 3
The next economy will be largely metropolitan
1 2 31
2
3
1 2 31 2
3 Metropolitan areas are driving innovation
METROINNOVATION
A vision for the next American economy
1 2 3
1
2 3
2009
Global GDP
19.9%US
21.0%BIC Countries
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2010
2015
Global GDP
26.5%BIC Countries
17.9%US
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2010
Global Metro Population
2009
50%
Global Metro Population
2030
60%
Source: UN Department of Economic-Social Affairs, World Urbanization Prospects, 2009
Economic Performance2011 - 2012
Highest Performing MetrosLowest Performing Metros
Source: Brookings, Global MetroMonitor, November 2012
Exports Share of GDP2010
13%
United States
29% 22%
15%
30%
Japan
China Canada India
European Union
15%
Source: Brookings analysis of WTO and EIU data, 2011
Transport Networks are Clogged and Congested
Can we get back into the export game?
billionUS manufactured exports 2010
$944
Japan
$680$944
United States GermanyFrance
$409
China
$1477
$1091
Top Manufacturing Exporting Countries2010, Billions
Source: World Trade Organization, 2011
$358
ServiceImports
ServiceExports
$518
US Service TradeBillions, 2010
$160 billiontrade surplus
Source: World Trade Organization, 2011 (Data reflect Commercial Services)
Can the U.S. play in thelow carbon revolution?
Sources: Brookings-Battelle Clean Economy Database (2011)
2.7 millionclean economy jobs
1.4 millionbiosciences jobs
4.8 millionIT jobs
2.4 millionfossil fuel jobs
2.7 millionclean economy jobs
Sources: Brookings-Battelle Clean Economy Database (2011), Brookings Analysis of Battelle, BLS, Moody’s Analytics data
$53.9 billionclean economy exports
Source: Brookings-Battelle Clean Economy Database (2011) and Moody’s Economy.com
$53.9 billionclean economy exports
NationalEconomy
$10,392
Export IntensityYearly Export Earnings per Job
$20,124
Clean Economy
Source: Brookings-Battelle Clean Economy Database (2011) and Moody’s Economy.com
35%manufacturingshare of engineers
68%manufacturing share of R&D
35%manufacturingshare of engineers
Source: EOP “A Framework for Revitalizing American Manufacturing” (2009)Brookings “Accelerating Advanced Manufacturing with New Research Centers” (2011)
90%manufacturing share of patents
68%manufacturing share of R&D
35%manufacturingshare of engineers
Can the U.S. be anInnovation Nation?
US Names China On Intellectual-Property Watchlist
China's insufficient protection of intellectual property rights remains a top priority for U.S. trade policy, given the "troubling" direction of recent government measures aimed at supporting domestic innovation, the U.S. Trade Representative's office said Monday.
China Begins to Lose
Edge as World’s Factory
FloorJanuary 16, 2013
BEIJING - China is losing its competitive
edge as a low-cost manufacturing base, new
data suggest, with makers of everything
from handbags to shirts to basic electronic
components relocating to cheaper locales.
The shift - illustrated in weakened foreign
investment in China - has pluses and
minuses for an economy key to global
growth.
Shale Gas Fuels U.S. Manufacturing RenaissanceJanuary 10, 2013
Abundant, affordable domestic natural gas is helping to revitalize energy-intensive industries like petrochemical manufacturing.
“Looking back 20 years, chemicals were out nation’s top export product. But as recently as five years ago, we were on the verge of becoming an importer. Now the industry is back.
January 19, 2013The number of firms known to have “reshored” manufacturing to America is well under 100. Doubtless many more are doing so quietly. Examples range from the tiny, such as ET Water Systems, to the enormous, such as General Electric, which last year moved manufacturing of washing machines. fridges, and heaters back from China.
Reshoring Manufacturing: Coming Home
11%wage premiumin exporting firms
Source: Istrate, Rothwell & Katz, Export Nation (2010)
Greater likelihood of health and retirement benefits in export-intense industries
The U.S. must get smart...
fast
Source: US Census Bureau, 2010 American Community Survey
Hispanics
19%
African Americans
Non-Hispanic Whites
Asians
25%39%
56%
Educational AttainmentAssociate’s Degree or Higher
United States
36%
Source: US Census Bureau, 2010 American Community Survey
Hispanics
19%
African Americans
25%
Educational AttainmentAssociate’s Degree or Higher
The next economy will be largely metropolitan
1 2 31
2
3
Source: Brookings analysis of US Bureau of Economic Analysis data
TexasAustin, Dallas, El Paso, Houston, McAllen, San
Antonio
Population GDP
71% 74%
TexasAustin, Dallas, El Paso, Houston, McAllen, San
Antonio
Population GDP
Corpus Christi, Brownsville, Killeen, Beaumont, Lubbock, Amarillo, Laredo, Waco, College Station, Longview, Tyler,
Abilene, Wichita Falls, Odessa, Midland, Sherman, Victoria, San Angelo, Texarkana
88% 89%
Service Exports
75%63%
Manufacturing Exports
Population
66%
Top 100 Metro ExportsShare of U.S. Totals
Source: Brookings, ExportNation 2012
Top 100 Metro Exports
Chemical Products
68% 76%
Business/Professional
Services
Computer/Electronic Products
78%
Population
66%
Share of U.S. Totals
Source: Brookings, ExportNation 2012
Top 100 Metro Trade Logistics
U.S. Air Cargo Weight
82% 88%
Foreign Waterborne
Cargo Weight
Airline Boardings
92%
Population
66%
Share of U.S. Totals
Source: Brookings analysis of US Census Bureau, FAA, and PIERS data (2009)
Aerial imagery: © DigitalGlobe, GeoEye, Sanborn, USGS, USDA FSA
217,527
US HoustonMetro
ManufacturingIntensity
8.5% 8.5%
Manufacturing JobsTop Manufacturing Sectors
Houston, TX Metro Manufacturing Dashboard
Fabricated Metals 20.9%Machinery 19.5%Chemicals 15.3%Computers & Electronics 8.4%Petroleum & Coal Products 5.8%
US HoustonMetro
Manufacturing Growth
2010 Q1 - 2011 Q4
2.7%
5.9%
Source: Brookings, Locating American Manufacturing 2012
$47.9 B
Top 100Metros
HoustonMetro
Export Intensity
9.8%
14.0%
Export VolumeGoods & Services Exports
71.9%goods share of exports
Houston, TX Metro Export Dashboard
307,000Export Jobs
28.1%services share
of exports
Top Services SectorsTop Services Sectors
Travel and Tourism 8.9%
Business Services 6.9%
Royalties 5.6%
Top Manufacturing SectorsTop Manufacturing Sectors
Chemicals 20.3%
Machinery 15.1%
Petroleum and Coal Products 14.9%
Source: Brookings, ExportNation 2012
Houston, TX Metro Export Dashboard
Source: Brookings, ExportNation 2012
Houston’s Top Export DestinationsBy 2010 Volume (in millions)
Canada
Mexico
Japan
United Kingdom
China
$7,491.5
$5,157.8
$2,635.4
$2,358.2
$2,289.5
Germany
Brazil
South Korea
Singapore
Netherlands
$1,853.3
$1,724.3
$1,678.4
$1,467.3
$1,323.4
Houston, TX Metro Global Aviation Dashboard
Source: Brookings “Global Gateways: International Aviation in Metropolitan America” (2012)
Share of Houston Passenger Air Travel to Major Global Regions
By 2011 Total Passengers
Houston’s Top Air Travel ConnectionsBy 2011 Total Passengers
Latin America/Caribbean
Western Europe
Developing Asia/Pacific
45.8%
Rest of World
19.6%
10.2%
24.4%
Mexico City 311,849
London
Calgary
Cancun
Monterrey
227,883
139,285
130,974
110,365
Houston, TX Workforce Dashboard
Sources: Brookings, State of Metropolitan America (2010), Geography of Immigrant Skills (2011), Demand for H-1B Immigrant Workers in US Metros (2012)
29%36%
16%
Job Openings
All Adults
Unemployed Workers
Bachelor’s Degree Attainment by Industry
46% 43%
Energy Healthcare
18%Houston
Employment
Immigrant Skills Gap
22.3%immigrant
share of population
11thof 100 metros
High SkilledLow Skilled Middle Skilled
42.6% 43%
30%28%35.1%
22.3%
Immigrant SkillsAge 25+
US Houston US Houston US Houston
Skills Gap
Job Openings Requiring, and
Adults Possessing, Bachelor’s Degrees
1 2 31 2
3 Metropolitan areas are driving innovation
METROINNOVATION
Innovate Locally
Market AssessmentTarget Sectors
8% 9%12%
Economic Profile15%
12%
13%
9%
Establish Goals & Strategies
Boost SME exportsIncrease global fluency
Double exports Support key sectors
Governments
Philanthropy
Firms
Universities
Collaborate to CompeteLos Angeles
Minneapolis-Saint Paul
PortlandSyracuse
Metropolitan Export Planning
Metropolitan Export Planning
Portland
Target industries: computers and electronics, clean technology & innovation
Goal: Double exports in the next five years
Strategies:
1. Leverage primary exporters in computer and electronics
2. Catalyze under-exporters in manufacturing
3. Improve the export pipeline for small business
4. “We Build Green Cities” - brand and market Greater Portland’s global edge
Metropolitan Export Planning
Portland
Target industries: computers and electronics, clean technology & innovation
Goal: Double exports in the next five years
City of PortlandMayor’s Office
Los Angeles
Metropolitan Export Planning
Strategies:
1. Establish the Los Angeles Regional Export Council
2. Target high-opportunity market segments
3. Market the Los Angeles region to the world
Target industries: aerospace, computers and electronics, pharmaceuticals, film and television, professional services
Goal: Double exports in the next five years & foster more globally-fluent, export-oriented business culture
University ofSouthern California
University of California Los Angeles
City ofLos Angeles
Los Angeles Regional Export Council
Los Angeles
Metropolitan Export Planning
Target industries: aerospace, computers and electronics, pharmaceuticals, film and television, professional services
Goal: Double exports in the next five years & foster more globally-fluent, export-oriented business culture
The United States Conference of Mayors
“Export Ready”Challenge
Houston
Build on Metropolitan Houston’s Strengths
Target industries
Goals
Network
Strategies
Metropolitan Export Planning Metropolitan Houston
Export Plan
Building a 21st Century Workforce for the Houston Region Goal: Develop comprehensive workforce
strategy to tackle challenges in the Greater Houston Region
GHP Workforce Development Taskforce
Houston
Innovate Locally Advocate Nationally
PennsylvaniaCenter for Trade & DevelopmentState Governments
22 foreign tradeoffices
firms assisted with exports1,350
new exports from assisted firms, 2010$483 m
FloridaEnterprise Florida
12 internationaloffices
$3 b state GDP added from export assistance & business development in 2011
State Governments ColoradoSpace Cluster
4 states joining Colorado to advocate for and promote space cluster initiatives
$20m competitive matching grants for early-stage tech development in CO
OhioThird Frontier & Edison Tech Centers
7 regional centers providing innovation & commercialization services
to foster innovation ecosystem in Ohio 2010-2016
$700 m
Reform Immigration for
CompetitivenessOpen NewMarkets
Free Trade AgreementFree Trade AgreementFree Trade Agreement
Federal Government
Modernize & Prioritize Trade
Corridors
National Freight Strategy
Trans-Pacific Partnership
Europe
ExportFinancing
InternationalMarket
Intelligence
International Trade AdministrationExport-Import Bank
Innovate Locally Network GloballyAdvocate Nationally
New York
Sao Paulo
Toronto
Lagos
Sydney
Tokyo
Shanghai
London
ParisFrankfurt
Detroit
Monterrey
Bogota
Johannesburg
Cologne
ChennaiHanoi
Chongqing
Houston
Singapore
Calgary
Rio de Janeiro
Daqing
Perth
Dubai
Stavanger
Xi’anDelhi
Antioch
Tyre
Samarkand
Lanzhou
Baghdad Tehran
GLOBAL CITIES INITIATIVEA J O I N T P R OJ ECT O F B R O O K I N GS A N D J P M O R GA N C H AS E
Houston, TX / May 15, 2013@bruce_katz #globalcities