British Imperialism in India The “Jewel in the Crown”
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Transcript of British Imperialism in India The “Jewel in the Crown”
![Page 1: British Imperialism in India The “Jewel in the Crown”](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022082322/56649eac5503460f94bb2883/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
British Imperialism in India
The “Jewel in the Crown”
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“Isms” of India
Review the basic beliefs of the religions and philosophies of India– Hinduism on Page 706-707– Islam on page 708-709– The Chart of Comparison of Basic Beliefs on
page 714
REMEMBER PEOPLE’S ACTIONS ARE SHAPED BY THEIR BASIC BELIEFS.
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Caste System: “Class” System
Brahmins-Priests, scholars, philosophersKshatriyas-warriors, rulers, defense &
adminstratorsVaishyas-Merchants, traders, farmersShudras-laborers, servants Below the Caste systemPariahs-”Untouchables” menial laborers,
deal with the dead, the latrines, etc.
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The British East India Trading Company
CAUSE: Through 1600s BEI set up trading posts at Bombay, Madras, & Calcutta, but the Mughal (Muslim)Dynasty kept European traders under control.– By 1707 Mughal Empire was collapsing. One by one
the maharajahs broke away.
– In 1757 Robert Clive & the company’s private troops (sepoys) defeated the Indian fortress at the Battle of Plassey.
EFFECT: BEI gains control of India.
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Building the Infrastructure
CAUSE: Br build a railroad network throughout India
EFFECT: – RRs transport raw product from the interior to the
ports and manufactured goods from the coast to the interior.
– India became more profitable for Br the “jewel in their crown.”
– India developed a modern economy and becomes geographically united.
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Cycle of Poverty
CAUSE: Br restricted Indian owned industries such as cotton textiles and reduced food production in order to plant more cash crops.
EFFECT: Villagers are no longer self-sufficient. Food production declines and famine sets in.
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The Indians Rebel: Sepoy Mutiny
CAUSE:By 1850 Br control most of India. In 1857 the sepoys (Indian troops fighting for the Br, both Hindus & Muslims) mutiny and uprisings spread over much of India.
EFFECTS:– Br. Gov’t assumes DIRECT control of India called the
RAJ from l857 to 1947.
– Racism & mutual distrust intensifies.
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Indian National Movements
CAUSE: Reformers (Rom Mohun Roy)called for India to modernize and change some cultural and religious practices. Nationalistic feelings grow. Indians began to resent discrimination by the British.
EFFECT: Hindus form the Indian National Congress in 1855 and the Muslims form the Muslim League in 1906. Both eventually call for self-government.
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The Partition of Bengal
CAUSE: 1905 the Br RAJ partitions Bengal (the province acquired from France in 1763) into Hindu and Muslim sections.
EFFECT: As acts of terrorism broke out, the Br were forced to divide the province in a different way in order to avoid open rebellion.
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Why is India the “jewel in the British crown”?
Pair share and then report