Brit History (2)_VB2

7/29/2019 Brit History (2)_VB2

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INTRODUCTIONTO BRITISH

CULTURE &SOCIETY

HISTORY (PART 2)


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History (Part 2)

The Tudors (1485 1603)

The Stuarts (1603 1714)

The Hanoverians:

The Georgians (1714 1830)

The Victorian (1837 1901)


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The wheel is come full circle.(William Shakespeare)


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During Henry VIIs reign the medieval

period came to an end.

The Renaissance: began in Italy during

the late 13th century & spread throughout

Europe in the 14th 16th centuries


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Henrys son & heir Henry VIII (1491

1547)

Henry VIII & his 6 wives:

1. Catherine of Aragon, a Spanish princess

Had a daughter: Mary & no son

Asked the Pope to give him a divorce The Pope refused & Henry broke away


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King

Henry VIII(1491

1547)


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Henry used the Parliament to establish

himself as the head of the Protestant

Church of England (Anglican Church)

the English Reformation

He married his 2nd wife: Anne Boleyn

Anne Boleyn could only give Henry a

daughter (Elizabeth) & no son she was

later charged of adultery & executed


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Catherine of Aragon

(left)

Anne Boleyn (right)


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Henry married his 3rd wife - Jane Seymour

She gave him a son, Edward, but she died12 days later

4th wife: Anne of Cleeves- no childrendivorced

5th wife: Catherine Howard no children

executed 6th wife: Catherine Parr no children

outlived Henry


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After Henrys death, his only son Edward

became king when he was just 9 years old

Edward VI was weak & died at 15

Henrys 1st daughter Mary became

Queen Mary I of England

She was a strong Catholic

broughtEngland back to the old religion burned

nearly 300 protestants Bloody Mary


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Queen

Mary I of

England(Mary

Tudor)


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In 1558, Mary died childless her half-sister Elizabeth became Queen Elizabeth I.

She had to face many problems but she

was intelligent, courageous & determinedthe heart of a man, a king of England.

She never got married a virgin queen (?)

On Thursday, March 24th 1603, Elizabeth I

(God Queen Bess) died ending theTudor dynasty


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Queen Elizabeth I of England


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Legacies:

1. Expansionism: the discovery of America

the New World

2. A remarkable age for English culture,

particularly literature & theatre

Elizabethan Age the 1

st

Golden Age inBritish history


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William Shakespeare

(1564 1616)


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This royal throne of kings, this sceptred isle,This earth of majesty, this seat of Mars,

This other Eden, demi-paradise,This fortress built by Nature for herselfAgainst infection and the hand of war,This happy breed of men, this little world,This precious stone set in the silver sea,Which serves it in the office of a wallOr as a moat defensive to a house,

Against the envy of less happier lands,--This blessed plot, this earth, this realm, this

England. William Shakespeare, "King Richard II", Act 2

scene 1Greatest English dramatist & poet (1564 - 1616)
http://www.quotationspage.com/quotes/William_Shakespeare/http://www.quotationspage.com/quotes/William_Shakespeare/


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The Stuarts (1603 1714)Man proposes, God disposes


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When Queen Elizabeth I died without any

children in 1603, her cousin James VI of

Scotland became King James I of England.

In 1625, James I died. His son became KingCharles I. The new king soon quarelled with

Parliament.

In 1642, Charles declared war on the

Parliamentarians the Civil War began.


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Charles was executed in 1649.

Britain became a republic, called theCommonwealth & ruled by Oliver

Cromwell & the Parliament.When Cromwell died in 1658, Charles Is

son was invited back to rule England as

King Charles II

the Restoration


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When Charles II died in 1685, his brotherbecame King James II.

He was a Catholic & Protestants in the

government were worried they offeredthe crown to Mary, Jamess Protestantdaughter & her husband William, theDutch Protestant leader the GloriousRevolution


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When William & Mary came to the throne

in 1689, Parliament drew up a list of rules

to control their power.

This list was called the Bill of Rights

Parliaments victory over the king in the

fight to decide who was more powerful.


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Bill of Rights 1689

1. Parliament will decide on all laws &

taxes.

2. The King must be a Protestant.

3. No one can go to prison without a trial.

4. Parliament will decide on whether therewill be an army.


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The Hanoverians:The Georgians

(1714 1830)Neighbors do not like

each other


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Queen Anne, the last Stuart monarch had

16 children but they all died.

When she herself died in 1714, Parliament

decided to offer the throne to a Protestant

German from Hanover, Prince George,

who was the great grandson of James I

a new Georgian Age


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The British Empire:

In 1756, after the British defeated theFrench in Quebec, Canada became a

British colony.Captain James Cook visited NZ & landed

on the coast of Aus.

The Slave Trade (until 1830s)


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Quebec & Canada


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Down

under


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1. The Agricultural Revolution

2. Technological developments: the steam

engine & other machines, railroad, etc.

(1+2)3. The Industrial Revolution


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The Victorian (1837 1901)The sun never sets

on the British Empire


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The Victorian (1837 1901)

1. The rise of the middle class

2. The rise of the working class

3. The rise of socialism & the founding of the

Labour Party (1893)


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British Empire under the

Victorian Age

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