Brick Makers in Faisalabad

8/18/2019 Brick Makers in Faisalabad

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Exploring the Problems Faced By Brick Makers in Faisalabad

Submitted to

Madam Sana Ijaz

Submitted by

Mudasir Hussain !"#

$sman %han !&'

(zam %han !&"

)ahida Saddi*ue !'+

Sehar !",

MasterIn

Sociology

-epartment o. Sociology/

0o1ernment 2ollege $ni1ersity Faisalabad

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Chapter Contents Page1 Introduction 031.1 Conceptualization of Bonded Labor 041.2 Obecti!es of the stud" 0#2 Literature $e!ie% 0&3 'ethodolog" 0(3.1 )ni!erse 0(3.2 *a+ple and sa+pling ,echni-ue 0(3.3 nal"sis 0(4 $esults and /iscussion 10# *u++ar" and *uggestions 23#.1 *u++ar" 23#.2 *uggestion 2#

3e.erences 2&

Contents Page

Chapter 1

Introduction

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Bric +aing is one of the +ost ancient industries the craft is as old as that of the Indus

alle" Ci!ilization 2#001#00 BC5. 6ired brics %ere also used b" the ancient people of the

ci!ilizations of 7g"pt and 'esopota+ia for building to+bs and te+ples. lthough the design

shape and %eight of brics ha!e undergone nu+erous historical changes the production

technolog" has e8perienced !er" li+ited changes. Brics are prepared processed and baed at

the bric iln. Being situated in the re+ote countr" side the bric iln industr" portra"s a uni-ue

+odel of industrial relations. ,he organization of %or is highl" influenced b" sociocultural

factors. 'igrants in general and traditional 9lo%caste: fa+il" labor in particular continue to

characterize labor in the bric ilns. 7!en though 'usli+s +ae up a +aorit" of the %orforce

Christians also suppl" a significant proportion of 9 pathera: fa+il" labor especiall" in the

Punab. ;enerall" poor in nature all categories of iln labor both salaried %orers such as 9 jalai

walas” and piecerated labor tae substantial ad!ances both at the ti+e of oining a iln as %ell

as subse-uentl". d!ances (peshgi) taen a+ount to loans because of high interest charges

+anipulation of boos and lo% %ages. ,he fa+ilies beco+e !irtual prisoners of the o%ner and

are subect to ph"sical econo+ic and social e8ploitation. ,he clutches of debt are so se!ere that

the fa+ilies cannot get the+sel!es out of the debt for generations in spite of the hard %or the"

put in b" e!en engaging their %o+en and children.

,he 9 peshgi: s"ste+ of debt bondage is hundreds of "ears old in Paistan. $ooted in the feudal

relationship of landlords and peasants it blends so+e of the %orero%ner relations of feudalis+

%ith the econo+ics of +odern capitalis+ to create a ind of bondage half%a" bet%een the old

and the ne%. long %ith the bric ilns the s"ste+ is generall" in !ogue in agriculture fisheries

+ining glass bangle+aing and carpet %ea!ing. ,he present go!ern+ent in collaboration %ith

the ILO is pooling significant resources for the eli+ination and rehabilitation of bonded labor

fro+ all those sectors. arious


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issue of bonded labor are e8a+ined in *ection #. ,he role of trade unions and for eradication of the +enace of

bonded labor fro+ the bric iln industr".

2onceptualization o. Bonded 4abor

,he ter+ 9bonded labor: refers to %orers %ho render ser!ices under conditions of

bondage arising fro+ econo+ic considerations notabl" through a loan or ad!ance. ?here debt is

the root cause of bondage the i+plication is that the %orer and their dependants or heirs5 is

tied to a particular creditor for a specified or unspecified period until the loan is repaid ILO

2001@325. It is a s"ste+ized feature pre!ailing in certain sectors of societ" %herein ad!ances are

co++on and no %or can be done %ithout ad!ance or 9 Peshgi:. ,he Bonded Labor bolition5

ct 1((2 puts it in the follo%ing %a"@

,he Bonded Labor *"ste+: i+plies the s"ste+ of forced or partl" forced labor under %hich a

debtor enters or has or is presu+ed to ha!e entered into an agree+ent %ith the creditor to the

effect that

a5 In consideration of ad!ance peshgi5 obtained b" hi+ or b" an" of the +e+bers of his

fa+il" %hether or not such ad!ance peshgi5 is e!idenced b" an" docu+ent5 and in

consideration of the interest if an" due on such ad!ance peshgi5 or

b5 In pursuance of an" custo+ar" or social obligations or

c5 6or an" econo+ic consideration recei!ed b" hi+ or an" of the +e+bers of his fa+il"A

he %ould

15 render b" hi+self or through an" +e+ber of his fa+il" or an" person dependent on

hi+ labor or ser!ice to the creditor or for the benefit of the creditor for a specified

period or for an unspecified period either %ithout %ages or no+inal %ages or

25 6orfeit the freedo+ of e+plo"+ent or adopt other +eans of li!elihood for a specified

period or for an unspecified period or

35 6orfeit the right to +o!e freel" fro+ place to place or

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45 6orfeit the right to appropriate and to sell at +aret !alue an" of his propert" or

product of his labor or the labor of +e+bers of his fa+il" or an" person dependent on

hi+ and includes the s"ste+ of forced or partl" forced labor under %hich a suret"

for a debtor enters or has or is presu+ed to ha!e entered into an agree+ent %ith the

creditor to the effect that in the e!ent of the failure of the debtor to repa" the debt he

%ould render the bonded labor on behalf of the debtor.

5bjecti1es o. the Study

1. , find out the socioecono+ic characteristic of respondents

2. ,o dig out the reasons for adopting this profession

3. ,o find out the proble+s of respondents at %or place4. ,o chec the satisfaction le!el of the respondents

#. ,o suggest the so+e +easure for the i+pro!e+ent of li!ing standard of bric

+aer

Chapter 2

$e!ie% of Literature

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,ho+as 1((#5 %hile identif"ing urban and rural labor +aret seg+entation has pointed out

bonded labor as a +ain characteristic of rural labor +arets. e ter+ed it as an e8tre+e for+ of

labor e8ploitation in *outh sia.

ILO 1((5 through a sur!e" confir+s that (3D of the bric iln %orers recei!ed ad!ances

before the" started %oring. ,he studies conclude that large fa+il" size is an i+portant factor

contributing to loans. ,he debt usuall" piled up and could not be paid b" the indebted fa+ilies

thus carried o!er to generations as =eternal> debte. ,here is also no dispute regarding the

in!ol!e+ent and e8ploitation of %o+en and children at the %orplace. *e8ual abuse torture and

beating at the bric ilns ha!e also been reported. ,o the ILO 1((5 large fa+il" size +ounting

financial constraints and lac of educational facilities at or near the bric ilns induce the parents

to use children as help during bric +aing. ,oo +uch %or b" the children at the bric ilns

poses a great threat to their ph"sical +ental intellectual +oral and ps"chological gro%th. ,o

Bale 9if the conditions of %or are not bad enough the s"ste+ of %oring in the bric ilns

presents other dangers and hardships. irtuall" all of the fa+ilies +aing brics are %oring

against a debt o%ed to the o%ner of the iln. ,hese debts pose a special danger to the children.

*o+eti+es %hen a iln o%ner suspects that a fa+il" %ill tr" to run a%a" and not pa" off their

debt a child +ight be taen hostage to force the fa+il" to sta" and %or:

'itha et. al. 200#5 pointed out that %o+en %or e!en during pregnanc" and =the" %or till

the" actuall" go into labour Po!ert" is e+phasized as being the root cause for accepting

ad!ances b" the fa+ilies of bric iln %orers and trapping the+sel!es into bondage. It is also

contended that contracts of bondage are accepted due to uncertaint" lac of stabilit" in

e+plo"+ent and absence of an" social safet" nets in Paistan. ,o Bales 9sla!er" is hidden

behind contractsA and sla!er" flourishes in co++unities under stress. It does not thri!e in

%estern countries %here people ha!e a reasonable standard of li!ing and financial securit".

*la!er" gro%s best in e8tre+e po!ert":. e further stresses that if there %ere securit" of

e+plo"+ent in Paistan or so+e pro!ision for a li!ing %age no fa+il" %ould ha!e chosen to

%or in the 9 peshgi: s"ste+. nother i+portant aspect about the ad!ances is that the" are not

onl" taen at the start but continue in a s"ste+ized +anner since laborers need it due to

e+ergencies illness +arriages etcA as o%ners prefer to ter+ subse-uent 9friendl" loans: . 6alse

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accounting and high interest on the loans aggra!ate the situation and the fa+ilies find it difficult

to pa" off the debt e!en after putting in hard labor.

Bale 200&5 esti+ated that there are appro8i+atel" E000 bric ilns in the countr". Large

population %idespread prosperit" continuing high public in!est+ent in infrastructure plentiful

cla" fine sand and %ater and a large pool of landless labor according to 7rcela%n 20045 are

i+portant features and account for the concentration of bric ilns in the Punab. On the basis of

1# fa+ilies at each bric iln %ith & to persons a!erage fa+il" size1# the" roughl" esti+ated

that 1#0000 to 200000 fa+ilies and around E#0000 to (00000 person %orforce is engaged

directl" in the bric iln sector.

Bric +aing is a si+ple process the soil is +i8ed %ith %ater and neaded into dough

%hich is cast into +oulds and shaped as brics %hich are dried in the open place and finall" are

staled into the iln. ,he sundried brics are con!erted to red brics in the iln. Bric +aing is

labor intensi!e %or re-uiring little sill. ,he se+isilled %orers patheras5 in!ol!ed for the

purpose are characterized as contractual fa+il" labor %oring under the bonded labor s"ste+.

$ecruit+ent is indirect through a contractor or subcontractor jammadar 5 %ho recei!es

co++ission fro+ the %orers. ,he contractor also channel ad!ances and is responsible for the

laborerFs %or and debtser!icing. 'ost of the ti+e he is a co%orer and so+eti+es is also a

relati!e of the labor. ,he bric iln %orers are offered ad!ances peshgi5 through contractors before the %or is actuall" co++enced. n infor+al contract is +ade bet%een the head of the

fa+il" %ho usuall" is +ale5 %ith the bric iln o%ner and also is %itnessed b" the contractor.

,he head of the fa+il" in!ol!es +ost of his fa+il" +e+bers including +ales adolescents

children and %o+en for the preparation of the brics. ?oring hours are fle8ible and fa+ilies

%or fro+ da%n to sunset. Bric +aing is piece rated %or thus the %orers are paid on the

basis of the nu+ber of brics the" or their fa+il" prepared1&. Pa"+ent is +ade on a %eel"

basis i.e. on e!er" ,hursda" through the contractor %ho also deducts his #D co++ission.

/eductions in connection %ith loans and ad!ances are also +ade at the sa+e ti+e. 6resh loans

are also offered during the course of %or and the c"cle continues till the %orers are co+pletel"

trapped. It is !er" difficult for the fa+ilies to get rid of the debt. Onl" a fe% fa+ilies can +anage

to get ahead of the ga+e and reduce their debt. ,his is +ost liel" in a "ear %hen a fa+il"Fs

children are old enough 12 to 1# "ears5 to %or as hard as the adultsA the %eather is good and

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no accidents or illnesses occur. Illness can be a catastrophe. Life e!ents lie %eddings funerals

arrest of a relati!e an accident hea!" rains or an"thing else that brings e8tra e8penses increase

the fa+il" debt.

li 200(5 Bric +aing is a se+isilled and +onotonous ob. ,he craft lie other professions

tra!els through generations %ithin the fa+ilies. Children of the bonded fa+ilies learn the craft

fro+ their parents and continue the profession of their ancestors as their +eans of li!elihood.

,he" actuall" ha!e to re+ain in the sa+e profession as the" %ill ha!e to pa" off the =eternal

debt> o%ed b" their fa+il" due to their parents or parents of their parents. Li+ited horizontal

+obilit" e8ists due to +igration ho%e!er hardl" an" !ertical +obilit" %as seen due to debt and

sociocultural circu+stances.

Ge+al 200(5 Po!ert" in general and non a!ailabilit" of schooling facilities at or near the bric

ilns in particular is the +aor reason for lo% literac" rate a+ongst the children of bric iln

%orers. )nfortunatel" if schools e8ist in the !icinit" and the children of the bric iln %orers

are enrolled the" cannot continue studies due to the +igration of their parents.

Large fa+il" size is an i+portant factor contributing to loans and sustaining child labor in the

bric iln sector. Child rearing and child caring are +issing due to po!ert".

Chapter 3

'ethodolog"

'orton 1(#E5 refers the +ethodolog" as 9,he logic of scientific procedure 9In this chapter

tools and techni-ues are discussed used for data collection and anal"sis. It also deals %ith

operationalization of +aor concepts. *ocial research is the s"ste+atic +ethods of obser!ing ne%

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facts or !erif"ing old facts their se-uence interrelationship and natural la%s %hich go!ern the+.

d!ance+ent of sociological no%ledge in the +odern age has been possible largel" due to

increasing use of +ethodolog" tools and techni-ues.

$ni1erse

,he stud" %as conducted in bric iln of /istrict 6aisalabad. ,%o bric iln %ere

selected fro+ ,ehsil *a+undri /istrict 6aisalabad.

Sample Size and Sampling Procedure sa+ple of 20 respondents %ere selected fro+ bric iln of ,ehsil *a+undri district 6aisalabad

through si+ple rando+ sa+pling techni-ue.

6ools o. -ata 2ollectionInter!ie% schedule %ere used for the collection of data. %ell designed inter!ie% schedule

consisting of structured and unstructured -uestion %as prepared to e8plore the research

obecti!es.,he inter!ie% schedule %as prepared in 7nglish language .i.e. Punabi and )rdu.

-ata (nalysis

fter data collection data %ere anal"zed b" using *P** statistical Pacage for *ocial *cience

Percentage7

)ni!ariate anal"sis %as +ade %ith the help of percentage in order to +ae co+parison of

!arious responses. ,he for+ula %as used to calculate the percentage is as under@

P8F9: ;'""


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2hapter #

3esults and -iscussion

6able7 "' Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding their age

,he table 01 sho%s that 4&.&D +aorit" of the respondents in the age group of 303(5 "ears.

nd 33.3D of the respondents %ere in the age group of 202(5 "ears %hile 13.3D of the

respondents %ere in the age group of 101(5 and re+aining &.& belong to age group 40 and

abo!e

6able7 "+

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding marital status

Marital status Fre*uency Percent

Married 20 &&.E

$nmarried10 33.3

10

(ge Fre*uency Percent

'"='>

4 13.3

+"=+>10 33.3

&"=&>14 4&.&

#" and abo1e2 &.&

6otal30 100.0


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6otal30 100.0

In respect of respondent>s +arital status 20 &&.E percent5 respondents are un+arried %hich is

huge +aorit" of the total respondents and the 10 33.35 respondents are un+arried %hich is

+inorit" of our respondents

6able7 "&

Fre*uency -istribution regarding Education o. the 3espondent

Education Fre*uency Percent

illiterate 2&.&

4iterate& 20.0

Primary# 1&.&

Middle4 13.3

Matric and abo1e3 10.0

6otal30 100.0

It is obser!ed in the %hole stud" that 2&.&D respondents %ere illiterate 20D literate and 1&.&D

respondent %ere pri+ar" pas %hile 13.3D +iddle pass and re+aining 10.0 respondents %ere

+atric or abo!e education.

6able7 "#

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding type o. .amily

Family 6ype Fre*uency Percent

?oint1E #&.E

Single13 43.3

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6otal30 100.0

,he table 04 sho%s the percentage /istribution of the respondent regarding their t"pe of fa+il" #&.ED

respondents %ere fro+ oint fa+ilies and 43.3 D respondents %ere fro+ the single fa+ilies

6able7 "@

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the interest in the Aork

,his table sho%s that the +aorit" of the respondent 33.3D %ere interested this %or and &&.E D

%ere not interested this field the" oin this profession due other reasons .

6able7 "

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the due to .inancial problems

Financial problem Fre*uency Percent

es 21 E0.0

:o( 30.0

12

Interested Fre*uency Percent

es 10 33.3

:o20 &&.E

6otal30 100.0


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6otal30 100.0

,his table 0& sho%s that the +aorit" of the respondent E0D oin this profession due to financial

proble+s and 30 said that there is no financial proble+.

6able7 "!

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding status in the society

0etting status Fre*uency Percent

es 12 40.0

:o1 &0.0

6otal30 100.0

,his table E sho%s that +aorit" of the respondents &0D %ere said that there is no status due to

this profession the" oin due other reasons not for status and 40 D said that the" oin for status.

6able7 ",

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding thing attracts you to do this Aork

2ategory Fre*uency Percent

Friends 3 10.0

3elati1es# 1&.&

:eeds20 &&.&

5ther2 &.&

6otal30 100.0

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,able depicts that +aorit" &&.&D the respondents said that their needs attracts the+ to do this

%or and 10D to do this due their friends 1&.& D %or on bric iln due their relati!es and onl"

2D said that the" do this %or due to other reasons.

6able7 >

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the satis.action Aith Aorkplace

en1ironment;

Aorkplace

En1ironment

Fre*uency Percent

es & 20.0

:o24 0.0

6otal30 100.0

,his ,able re!eals that respondents feel a sense not satisfaction %ith their %or place

en!iron+ent because the abo!e table sho%s that +aorit" of the respondents of the total sa+ple

0D5 %ere not satisfied %ith their %orplace en!iron+ent 20D feel satisfaction %ith %orplace

en!iron+ent.

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6able7'"

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the pro1ision o. instrument9Material

.or making bricks;

Pro1ide the material Fre*uency Percent

es 10 33.3

:o20 &E.E

6otal30 100.0

,his table highlight the proble+s of bric +aer in this table 33.3D respondents said that the

o%ner pro!ide the instru+entsH+aterial %hile &E.ED respondents said that the o%ner did not

pro!ide the instru+entsH+aterial and the" face the proble+s.

6able7 ''

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the problems .aced due to

Aeather9rainy days;

Face problems due

to rainy days

Fre*uency Percent

es 20 &E.E

:o10 33.3

6otal30 100.0

,his table highlights the proble+s of bric +aer in this table &E.ED respondents said that the"face the proble+s due to %eather lie in rain" da"s the" did not %or properl" it effect s the

earring because the brics +elt %hile 33.3D respondents said face the proble+s due to %eather

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6able7 '+

43.3D5 ans%ered that the" are re-uires to do %or fro+ & to hours in a da" and the" thin that

this is !er" con!ent to the+. ?hile #&.ED5 %ere of the !ie% that the" are re-uired to do %or

fro+ to 10 hours in a da".

6able7 '#

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Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the secured at Aorkplace

Secured at

Aorkplace

Fre*uency Percent

es 11 3&.&

:o1( &3.4

6otal30 100.0

,his table contains regarding the feeling of respondents about the brics +aer that the" are

secured or not on %orplace. s it is stated in the abo!e table he that 3&.&D5 of the respondents

%ere of the !ie% that the" feel securit" at %orplace. ?hile respondents &3.4D5 replied that

the" do not feel secured at %orplace

6able7 '@

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding Aages to meet the needs

Meet the needs Fre*uency Percent

Su..iciently 11 3&.E

6o some extent1( &3.3

6otal30 100.0

,he table 1# sho%s that 3&.ED of the respondents %ere satisfied that their %ages +eet their needs

sufficientl" %ell but &3.3D of the respondents sa"s that their %ages +eet their needs to so+e e8tent

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6able7 '

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding attitude o. oAner

(ttitude o. your

oAner

Fre*uency Percent

es 2&.E

:o22 E3.3

6otal30 100.0

,he table 1& depicts that 2&.ED f the respondents %ere satisfied %ith the ttitude of the o%ner and said

that attitude is good %hereas E3.3 D of the respondents %ere not satisfied %ith the beha!ior of the o%ner

of bric iln and said attitude is not good.

6able7 '!

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the transportation problem

6ransportation is

problem

Fre*uency Percent

es 1E #&.E

:o13 43.3

6otal30 100.0

,he table 22 depicts that #&.ED of the respondents 6ace trouble due to transportation %hereas 43.3D

%ere not face trouble due to transportation.

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6able7 ',

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the people ha1e positi1e attitude;

People ha1e positi1e Fre*uency Percent

es & 20.0

:o24 0.0

6otal30 100.0

,he table 1 depicts that 20D of the respondents said that thin people ha!e positi!e attitude to%ard

their %or and +aorit" of respondent 0 said that people ha!e not positi!e attitude to%ard their

%or.

6able7 '>

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the satis.action o. .amily member;

Members are

satis.ied

Fre*uency Percent

es 14 4&.E

:o1& #3.3

6otal30 100.0

,able 24 e8plore that the +aorit" of the respondent #3.3 D said their fa+il" +e+ber are not satisfied

%ith their %or and 4&.ED said their fa+il" +e+ber are satisfied %ith their %or.

6able7 +"

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Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the attitude o. relati1es

3elati1es attitude is

good

Fre*uency Percent

es# 1&.E

:o2# 3.3

6otal30 100.0

,he table 20 indicates that the +aorit" of the respondent>s i.e 3.3D said that the attitude of relati!es is

not good to%ard their %or and onl" 1&.ED of the respondent said the attitude of relati!es to%ard their

%or is good

6able7 +'

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the disturbing the household acti1ities

-isturbing your

household

Fre*uency Percent

es23 E&.E

:oE 23.3

6otal30 100.0

,he ,able 21 indicates that the +aorit" of the respondent>s i.e. E&.ED said that %or disturbs the

household acti!ities and onl" 23.3D of the respondent said that %or not disturb the household acti!ities.

6able7 ++

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the health o. brick maker due to this Aork

Satis.ied Fre*uency Percent

es 13 43.3

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:o1E #&.E

6otal30 100.0

,he ,able 22 indicates that the +aorit" of the respondent>s i.e. #&.ED said that the" not satisfied due to

their health condition due to hea!" %or %hile 43.3D %ere satisfied.

6able7 +&

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the satis.ied by .ul.illment o. needs


es 10 33.3

:o20 &E.E

6otal30 100.0

,he ,able 23 indicates that the +aorit" of the respondent>s i.e. &E.ED said that the" not satisfied %ith the

fulfill+ent of basic needs 33.3D %as satisfied.

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6able7 +#

Fre*uency -istribution o. the respondent regarding the Aorking hours


es 1# #0.0

:o1# #0.0

6otal30 100.0

,he ,able 24 indicates that the +aorit" of the respondent>s i.e. #0.0D said that the" not satisfied %ith the

%oring hours and #0.0D said that the" are satisfied %ith %oring hours.

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Chapter #

*u++ar" and *uggestions

Summary

Bonded labor is a do+inant feature of the bric iln industr" of Paistan. ,he bondage forfeits

the %orers> right to +o!e freel" and sell their labor. Being situated in the re+ote countr" side the

bric iln industr" portra"s a uni-ue +odel of industrial relations. ,he organization of %or is highl"

influenced b" sociocultural factors. 'igrants in general and traditional 9lo%caste: fa+il" labor in

particular continue to characterize labor in the bric ilns. 7!en though 'usli+s +ae up a +aorit" of

the %orforce Christians also suppl" a significant proportion of 9 pathera: fa+il" labor especiall" in the

Punab. ;enerall" poor in nature all categories of iln labor both salaried %orers such as 9 jalai walas”

and piecerated labor tae substantial ad!ances both at the ti+e of oining a iln as %ell as subse-uentl".

d!ances (peshgi) taen a+ount to loans because of high interest charges +anipulation of boos and lo%

%ages. ,he fa+ilies beco+e !irtual prisoners of the o%ner and are subect to ph"sical econo+ic and

social e8ploitation. ,he clutches of debt are so se!ere that the fa+ilies cannot get the+sel!es out of the

debt for generations in spite of the hard %or the" put in b" e!en engaging their %o+en and children.

1. , find out the socioecono+ic characteristic of respondents2. ,o dig out the reasons for adopting this profession3. ,o find out the proble+s of respondents at %or place

4. ,o chec the satisfaction le!el of the respondents

#. ,o suggest the so+e +easure for the i+pro!e+ent of li!ing standard of bric

+aer

,he stud" %as conducted in bric iln of /istrict 6aisalabad. ,%o bric iln %ere selected fro+

,ehsil *a+undri /istrict 6aisalabad. sa+ple of 30 respondents %ere selected fro+ bric iln

of ,ehsil *a+undri district 6aisalabad through si+ple rando+ sa+pling techni-ue. Inter!ie%

schedule %ere used for the collection of data. %ell designed inter!ie% schedule consisting of

structured and unstructured -uestion %as prepared to e8plore the research obecti!es.

,he clutches of bondage in!ol!e ph"sical econo+ic and ps"chological e8ploitation of the

bonded fa+ilies. ,he i+ple+entation of the Bonded Labor la% +et %ith great criticis+.

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$ehabilitation efforts lac coordination and special efforts therefore are re-uired on the part of

all concerned %oring in the field of bonded labor. ,he proposed +odel pro!ides a blueprint for

the strea+lining consolidation and coordination of efforts in the right direction %ith an o!erall

obecti!e of the eradication of bonded labor fro+ the bric iln sector.

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Suggestion

$epresentati!es of all inline depart+ents such as police labor health education bans

and infrastructure de!elop+ent etc. should be at the disposal of the authorit".

One ?indo% facilit" at each cluster should be pro!ided to both the o%ners as %ell as to

the %orers and their fa+ilies.

,he issue of ad!ances %ill auto+aticall" be resol!ed %ith the i+ple+entation of the

sche+e because in the presence of all the rele!ant go!ern+ent functionaries


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3e.erences

Bales Ge!in 1(( /isposable People


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ussain +al 1((0 Child ?orers in Construction and $elated Industries in Paistan@ Paper

sub+itted to ILO ;ene!a.

ILO 2004 $apid ssess+ent *tudies of Bonded Labor in /ifferent *ectorsA 'inistr" of Labor

'anpo%er and O!erseas Paistanis.

ILO 1(( Child Labor in the Bric Gilns@ /istrict *ialot *ur!e" $eport. ,he *ur!e" %as

conducted as a part of an International Progra+ on the 7li+ination of Child Labor IP7C5 b"

Labor and 'anpo%er /epart+ent ;o!ern+ent of the Punab.

ILO 2001 *topping 6orced LaborA ;lobal $eport under the 6ollo%up to ILO /eclaration on

6unda+ental Principles and $ights at ?or.

'itha . n%ar '. *aid

Brick Makers in Faisalabad

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