B R I A N X U

LOS PRONOMBRES

Indirect Object Pronouns

Me (me) Te (you) Le (him, her, you-formal) Nos (us) Os (you guys – Spain) Les (them, you guys)

English

Indirect Object PronounsMe (yo)

Te (tú)

Le (él, ella, usted)

Nos (nosotros, nosotras)

Os (vosotros, vosotras)

Les (ellos, ellas, ustedes)

Spanish

Indirect Object Pronouns

Indirect Object tells where Direct Object is going

Answers questions – “to whom?” or “for whom”

IOP comes immediately before conjugated verb

Example: Juan me compra un regalo.

Juan buys me a gift

Me compra – buys (for) me

Usage

Indirect Object Pronouns

• Le and les are ambiguous when taken out of context because they can mean different things

• Example: Ella le escribe una carta

• It can mean 3 different things – she writes him a letter, she writes her a letter, she writes you a letter

• So we can add a prepositional phrase for clarity:

• Ella le escribe a Juan una carta

Le and Les

Indirect object pronouns

Sometimes a prepositional phrase is added for emphasis

Juan me da a mí el dinero

Juan gives me the money

“Juan me da el dinero” is not ambiguous, so “a mí” is used only for emphasis

Prepositional Phrases

Direct Object Pronouns

Me (me)

Te (you)

Lo, la (him, her, you-formal)

Nos (us)

Os (you guys – Spain)

Los, las (them, you guys)

English

Direct Object Pronouns

Me (yo)

Te (tú)

Lo, la (él, ella, usted)

Nos (nosotros, nosotras)

Os (vosotros, vosotras)

Los, las (ellos, ellas, ustedes)

Spanish

+Direct Object Pronouns

The direct object is the thing that directly receives the action of the verb

Answers “what?” or “whom?”

Comes directly before the conjugated verb

Example: Juan la tiene

Juan has it

Usage

Direct Object Pronouns

You replace the direct object with a pronoun usually because saying the direct object over and over is getting redundant

Example: Me gusta la sopa. La sopa es deliciosa. Como la sopa

Because “la sopa” is getting repetitive, you can change the last phrase to “La como”

DOP can also be a person

Example: I know you

Te conozco

Usage (continued)

Direct Object Pronouns

In a sentence with two verbs, you can also attach the DOP to the infinitive

Both attaching and putting the DOP before the verb mean the same thing

Example: Lo quiero ver (I want to see it)

Quiero verlo

Attachment

Reflexive Pronouns

O Me (me)O Te (you)O Se (him, her, you-formal)O Nos (us)O Os (you guys – Spain)O Se (them, you guys)

English

Reflexive Pronouns

Me (yo)Te (tú)Se (él, ella, usted)Nos (nosotros, nosotras)Os (vosotros, vosotras)Se (ellos, ellas, ustedes)

Spanish

Reflexive Pronouns

Used when the subject is acting on itself

Typically precedes verb or attaches to infinitive

Example: Me lavo OR lavarme I clean myself

Usage

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