Brain machine interface
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Transcript of Brain machine interface
ANUP WADHEKAR
BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACE
OBJECTIVES
WHAT IS BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACE
NEED OF BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACE
MAIN PRINCIPLE AND WORKING
CHALLENGES
FUTURE EXPANSION
CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION
Brain machine interfac e sometimes called a direct neural interface or brain–computer interface, is a direct communication link between a functioning human brain and the outside world.
BMI uses brain activity to command, control, actuate and communicate with the world directly through brain integration with peripheral devices and systems.
UNDERSTANDING BMI
The field of BMI has emerged mostly toward neuroprosthetics applications that aim at restoring damaged hearing, sight and movement.
WHY BMI
BMI PLATFORM
Main principle behind this interface is the bioelectrical activity of nerves and muscles.
Brain is composed of millions of neurons. When the neuron fires, or activates, there is a voltage change across the cell which generates signals on the surface of the brain. By monitoring and analyzing these signals we can understand the working of brain.
MAIN PRINCIPLE
Neural Interface Neural Signals
Signal Processing Algorithms/Command Extraction
Control Command
Vehicle State Signal
Sensors
Environmental Feedback
Directional
control
Brain-Controlled Vehicle
BLOCK DIAGRAM
IMPLANT DEVICE
SIGNAL PROCESSING SECTION
EXTERNAL DEVICE
FEEDBACK SECTION
Multichannel Acquisition Systems
Spike Detection
Signal Analysis
COMPONENTS OF BMI
EEG
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY (EEG) IS MEASUREMENT OF ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY PRODUCED BY BRAIN AS RECORDED FROM ELECTRODES PLACED ON THE SCALP.
IMPLANT DEVICE
The EEG is recorded with electrodes, which are placed on the scalp. Electrodes are small plates, which conduct electricity. They provide the electrical contact between the skin and the EEG recording apparatus.
Multichannel Acquisition Systems
At this section amplification, initial filtering of EEG signal and possible artifact removal takes place.
Spike Detection
Spike detection will allow the BMI to transmit only theaction potential waveforms and their respective arrival times instead of the sparse, raw signal in its entirety.
Signal Analysis
In this stage, certain features are extracted from the preprocessed and digitized EEG signal which are input to the classifier. Classifier recognize different mental tasks.
SIGNAL PROCESSING SECTION
EXTERNAL DEVICE
The classifier’s output is the input for the device control. The device control simply transforms the classification to a particular action.
Examples are robotic arm, thought controlled wheel chair etc
FEEDBACK DEVICE
Feedback is needed for learning and for control. Real-time feedback can dramatically improve the performance of a brain–machine interface.
1.Auditory and visual prosthesis
2.Functional-neuromuscular stimulation (FNS)
3.Prosthetic limb control
APPLICATIONS
CHALLENGES
ADVANCES LIMITATIONS
CHALLENGES Permanent damage to brain.
Virus attack on brain
Thought control and prediction of future thoughts.
Deletion or recording of memories.
LIMITATIONS The brain is incredibly complex.
The signals are weak and interference can happen.
There are chemical processes involved as well,which electrodes can’t pick up.
FUTURE EXPANSION
Thought-communication device.
Super intelligent machines- Cyborgs.
New research has demonstrated that it is possible for communication from person to person through the power of thought alone.This experiment goes a step further, with the aim was to expand the current limits of this technology and show that brain-to-brain (B2B) communication is possible.
A Cyborg is a Cybernetic Organism, part human part machine. In the years ahead we will witness machines with an intelligence more powerful than that of humans.This will mean that robots, not humans, make all the important decisions .This may bring dire consequences for humankind.
CONCLUSION
BMI’s will definitely have the ability to
change the way a person looks at the world by
giving people back their vision and hearing.
But the question is that What kind of people are
we becoming? Is someone with a synthetic eye, less
a person than someone without? Shall we process
signals like ultraviolet, X-rays, or ultrasounds as
robots do? These questions will not be answered in
the near future, but at some time they will have to
be answered. What an interesting day that will be.
THANK YOU !!!
ANY QUERIES??