Brac. daily star
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1
Challenging The Frontiers of Poverty Reduction
Targeting the Ultra Poor
Rabeya Yasmin
Associate Director, Ultra Poor Programs
BRAC
2
Targeting the Ultra Poor
Extreme Poverty : Bangladesh Record
• Ultra Poor = 3 million Households live below food poverty line
Spend US$ 8 /person /month on food.
Non food expenditure is almost nil.
Source: BBS , 2005
3
Targeting the Ultra Poor
Extreme Poverty : Bangladesh Record
• 54 % completely landless
• 50% of household cannot afford two meals a day
• 70% depend on irregular day labour for income source
• 90% ultra poor have no fixed place for defecation
• Only 3% of the ultra poor household reported ever participation in development programs
Source : base line study by BRAC RED , 2002
4
Targeting the Ultra Poor
Challenging the Frontiers of Poverty Reduction
Targeting the Ultra Poor
(CFPR-TUP)
Objectives
Assist the ultra poor to improve their
livelihoods by achieving positive economic,
social and aspirational changes
Assist the ultra poor to access mainstream
development services
5
Targeting the Ultra Poor
Core programme
• Enterprise Development Training
• Special Investment /Asset Transfer
• Stipend as short term income support
• Tailor made safety support through community mobilization
• Tailor made Health support
Support Services
• Research and Evaluation
• Advocacy programs
6
Targeting the Ultra Poor
Coverage
2002 -2011 : 400,000 HHs
7
Targeting
Female headed households (% of
targeted households) 42
Marital status of the targeted women
Divorced (%) 1.31
Separated (%) 6.97
Widow (%) 28.10
Married and living with husband (%) 63.62
8
Livestock/poultry ownership
Percentage of households own livestock/poultry
36
95 92
52
63 61
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2002 (baseline) 2005 2008
% o
f household
s
SUP
NSUP
9
Economic Improvements
Economic Improvements
41
8
62
96 98
19
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Own productive
assets
Have cash savings Vulnerability to
food insecurity
% o
f W
om
en
rep
ort
ing
eco
no
mic
imp
rovem
en
t
in 2002
in 2008
10
Trend in average per capita income
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
2002 2005 2008
Pe
r ca
pit
a a
nn
ua
l in
co
me
(T
k.,
20
02
co
nst
an
t p
rice
)
Beneficiary
Comparison
11
Self perceived food insecurity
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2002 2005 2008
% o
f H
Hs
rep
ort
ing
chro
nic
fo
od
de
fici
t
Beneficiary
Comparison
12
Personal & Social Improvements
Awareness of Rights
5.412
1.56
20
54 5661
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Know correct
divorce law
Know age of
vote casting
Know
property
division
between son
& daughter
Know
punishment
for acid
throwing
% o
f W
om
en
dem
on
str
ati
ng
imp
rovem
en
t in
kn
ow
led
ge &
aw
are
ness in 2002
in 2008
13
Per capita energy consumption (kcal/person/day)
22482097
17421876
17691773
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
2002 2004 2006
Beneficiary Comparison
14
Targeting the Ultra Poor
Challenges
• Addressing diversity
• health support for the graduates
• Limitations in Livestock sector
• Investment