Bovine mastitis due to Milking machine

Mechanical and Hand Milking in relation to

Mastitis Muhammad Azam

M Phil CMS

Standardized Milking Procedures

Hand Milking Disinfect Your Hands Wipe off excess dry

manure, straw and bedding Never Use thumb milking

procedure

Milking Parlor( Milking Machines ) Wear Gloves Wipe off excess dry

manure, straw and bedding Strip each teat into a

stripcup Dip teats with an approved

pre-dip Dip 3-4 cows Allow the pre-dip to react

for at least 30 sec.

Milking Machines

An Introduction to

what they are,

how they work,

and their parts

What is a Milking Machine?

© MilkTech International

A machine for harvesting milk from the udders of cows, goats, bison, sheep or animals.

Milk Harvesting

Milk harvesting is the process of extracting milk from animals Transporting the milk to a storage tank Storing the milk until it is picked up for processing.

Milk is usually cooled during storage

Milk harvest requires cooperative effort between : The animal and The operator

And a properly functioning milking machine


Milking Machine Goals

A properly designed, installed, maintained, and operated milking machine will:

Remove milk from the animal quickly and gently

Not contribute to poor udder health

Not degrade milk quality from the time of removal to delivery

Be easy to clean and sanitize


Milking Machine Components

A milking machine is made up of several basic component groups Milking units Vacuum production and control system Milk transport system Cleaning and sanitation systems

Milk Cooling and Storage systems Although not part of the milking machine itself, the milking

machine always delivers milk to a storage container And milk is usually cooled on the farm


Lets start with the big picture and see how these components fit together


Lets have a closer look at the milking unit


The milking unit is made up of several parts

4 Teatcups (for cows) A soft rubber liner that is mounted in a

metal or plastic shell

The soft rubber liner is the only part of the machine that touches the udder

The claw Collect milk from all of the teatcups

The Pulsator An air valve that creates ‘pulsation’ or the

opening and closing of the liner

Connecting tubes Short milk tube = liner to claw

Long milk tube = claw to milkline

Short pulse tube = shell to air fork

Long pulse tube = air fork to pulsator

Lets look at how air and milk move through the machine


Blue= Air Red= Milk Violet= Air+Milk

Barn milking systems


https://sites.google.com/site/viveklpm/cattle-and-buffalo-production-management/milking-machine/types-of-milking-machinessystems/barn-milking-systems

Washing of Milking Machines step by step

Rinsing milking Machine equipment's

100-110F water is used Removing milk Fat and protein

Chlorinated Alkaline solution used Acid rinsing(Phosphoric acid,nitric,Sulfuric acid )It will neutralize alkaline solution It is mineral soluble and remove the minerals It will form a layer of acid which will protect further

growth of bacteria .

Machine Milking Effecting Mammary Glands

6-20%

It can be a source of transfer of

contagious organisms from cow to cow,

It may reduce resistance of the streak canal

by traumatizing the tissue and creating teat end

lesions,

Machine Milking Effecting Mammary Glands

The machine may produce differential

vacuum forces sufficient enough to propel

pathogen laden milk droplets through the streak canal into the teat cistern.

The machine can provide the means for

transfer of infection from one quarter to another of the same cow (creating cross

infections), and

Transfer of contagious organisms

Milk from infected cows coat the liners and milk residues collect in the claw assembly. This provides a source of bacterial contamination to the teats of subsequently milked cows.

Teat-end trauma and machine factors

High vacuum levels and improper use of the milking machine have been associated with teat orifice erosion and hyperkeratosis.

Over-milking combined with other faults including vacuum fluctuations or inadequate pulsation can increase the incidence of mastitis.

Inadequate pulsation (insufficient or ineffective teat end massage) will increase the new infection rate.

Teat-end trauma and machine factors

teat end lesions damaged tissue

Staphylococcus aureus Mastitis

Teat orifice lesions show increasing levels of hyperkeratosis.

Teat end lesions demonstrating extensive hyperkeratosis, and skin erosions.

Liners and Mastitis

Trauma produced to mucus membranes lining the teat sinus produced by inappropriate liners (hard mouthpiece, excessive vacuum or high liner mouthpiece vacuum) can contribute to bacterial infection and mastitis

Hand Milking Milking is done by hand

Types of hand Milking Full hand milking

Strip milking

Folded thumb milking

Hand Milking

Wet hand milking and fisting causes contamination of milk.

Milkers in rural moisten their fingers with milk, water or even saliva, while milking.

Wet hand milking makes the teats look harsh and dry chokes, cracks and sores appear which causes contamination. Twisting causes damages to the teat tissue which leads to udder infection. So dry hand milking may be practiced to avoid contamination of milk

Teat Chap

Teat Chaps are the Skin fissures

These may be due to wet, cold winds, use of inappropriate post milking disinfectants

Or by suckling of calves

Rx

Use glycerin with boric acid

Hand Milking

Good Milking Procedures 1. Provide Cows with a Clean, Stress-Free

Environment 2. Check Foremilk and Udder for Mastitis 3. Wash Teats and Lower Surface of the Udder with

a Warm Sanitizing Solution 4. Use a Premilking Teat Dip (Optional) 5. Dry Teats Thoroughly 6. Attach Teat Cups within 1 min. 7. Adjust Milking Units as Necessary 8. Shut Off Vacuum Before Removing Teat Cups 9. Dip Teats with a Safe and Effective Teat Dip 10. Disinfect Teat Cups Between Cows (Optional)

Bovine mastitis due to Milking machine

Education

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