Botulinum toxin By: james and alan. The most poisonous substance known to man Produced by the common...
-
Upload
edward-gibbs -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of Botulinum toxin By: james and alan. The most poisonous substance known to man Produced by the common...
Botulinum toxin
By: james and alan
The most poisonous substance known to man
• Produced by the common bacteria Clostridium botulinum
• Cause of Botulism• 75 millionths of a gram to kill a person• 1kg could kill entire human population• Different types (A-G)• Used for Botox :D!
The Bacteria
• Found in the soil of many countries• Very heat resistant (>200°F)• Obligate Anaerobe• Flourishes in oxygen free environments of
canned food and other food products• Killed by a pressurized boil or other intense
heat
Different Types
• Types A-G• All except C and D are toxic to humans• C and D are poisonous to animals• Type A predominates the soil of North and South
America• Type B is found in deep soil• Type E is found in water and is prevalent in aquatic
sediments in Norway and Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, the Baltic coast of Poland and Russia.
Botulism
• Caused by eating contaminated food, or having a contaminated wound.
• Causes depression of muscles, leading to Double vision, drooping of eyelids, loss of facial expression and swallowing problems.
• In more advanced stages, it can cause weakness of arms and legs, depressed breathing and respiratory failure, which causes paralysis, comas, and death.
Botulism Treatment
• The only drug currently available to treat infant botulism is Botulism Immune Globulin Intravenous-Human (BIG-IV or BabyBIG)
• Patients with severe cases must be on a ventilator for weeks, plus intensive medical and nursing care, due to the respiratory failure and paralysis that occur.
• There are two primary Botulinum Antitoxins available for treatment of wound and foodborne botulism.
Human Uses
• Used for Botox injections, and treatment of upper motor neuron syndrome, muscle spasms, excessive sweating, and migraine headaches.