1.SMART TANKER ROBOT FOE SECURITY OPERATIONS IN THE PROTECTED AREA WIT H WIRELESS SECURED COMMUNICATION

2. AIMGenerally, Rescue People cannot enter into some parts / placesof the war field or in the earth quake affected areas due to thesituations aroused.But actually speaking1. Some people may be alive in that field(s)2 Some people may be in the unconscious status3.Some people may be injured / affected badly and cannotmove aroundTo over come this, or to avoid such unwantedsituations,are going to develop an Alive Human BeingDetector using PIR sensor and live working model 3. ABOUT THE PROJECT In this project, we will have the Robot model, which will roam around the war field / Earth quake affected area, which has a free forward / Reverse and full 360 degree movement, to move into the war filed / earth quake affected area, to find out the Alive or Survived Human being(s) . The Robot will have the PIR sensor, which will help to detect the alive human beings, it consists of an IR based human radiation sensor, which picks up signals from human body radiations and gives a signal output. The human body radiates infrared waves with wavelengths of 8 to 12 micrometers. Whenever any human being comes in the vicinity of the system (upto 1m) the IR system gives the Signal 4. ABOUT PROJECT. The Movement of the Robot can be controlled from the Remote location through a Remote Controller / Remote Landline / Mobile phone. The Robot also has a wireless RF Transmitter and sends the message to the Remote Location whenever it finds any alive human. The RF Frequency Range is 433.92 MHz, ISM band with AM and High Performance SAW based architecture with a maximum range of 100 feet at 4800 BPS data rate. 5. ABOUT THE PROJECT In this Project, we are building a Smart SecurityRobot. We are going to build the live working Model, which will have the following features 1. Live Working Mechanical Model of the Robot 2. Wireless TX / Rx with 433.92 MHz, ISM Band, 4 MHz Bandwidth, for Secured Communication 3. IR SENSOR Obstacle sensing 4. PIR SENSOR Human being sensing 5.SOUND DETECTOR Sound sensing 6. MAIN MODULES Micro controller board Opto coupler with stepper driver board Sensor PIR Sensor Fire / Flame, Temperature, Intruder ,sound detector Wireless Tx / Rx Mechanical Model Features 7. Block diagram PC sideALIVE HUMANBEING DETECTOR Wireless RS 232 MCRX ALARM 8. BLOCK DIAGRAM ROBOT SIDEROBO MODEL POWER SUPPLY MCRELAY RELAY DRIVER WIRELESS DRIVERSUPPLYTXSTEPPERSTEPPER DRIVER BOARDMOTOR SOUNDFIRE PIR DETECTION IR SENSORSENSORSENSORSENSOR 9. COMPONENTS Atmel controller Stepper motor and driver Encoder Decoder Max 232 Pir sensor Intruder sensor Sound detector Fire sensor Power supply board buzzer 10. BLOCK DIAGRAM EXPLANATION PC SIDEIn pc side we have wireless receivermodule ,controller, pc.Receiver is connected with microcontroller.Controller is connected with pc. 11. BLOCK EXPLANATION FOR ROBOT SIDEIn this block diagram we have steppermotor which is used for the movementof the tanker robot.For forward and reverse movement eare using one stepper motor andleft,right movement we are usinganother stepper motor. 12. BLOCK EXPLANATION FOR ROBOT SIDEWe have a opto coupler driver which isused to drive the stepper motor.We have PIR sensor to detect humanbeing,IR sensor to detect intruder, LDRto detect fire, thermister to detecttemperature. 13. BLOCK EXPLANATION FOR ROBOT SIDERelay driver is used to drive the relay.Relay is used to control the steppermotor.We have wireless TX module totransmit the data to the remote locationusing the radio frequency. 14. CIRCUIT EXPLANATION FOR PC SIDEWe are using atmel controller.Max 232 is connected with one of theport of the controller.Max 232 is used to interface pc andcontroller .Max 232 converts TTL logic to RS 232logic and vice versa. 15. CIRCUIT EXPLANATION FOR PC SIDEDecoder is connected in one of the portof the controller.Decoder decodes the data and give it tocontroller.Buzzer is connected in one of the portof the controller. Which raise an alarmwhenever a message is received. 16. CIRCUIT EXPLANATION FOR ROBOT SIDEENCODER is connected in one of theport of the controller.Encoder encodes the data given by thecontroller and wirelessly to the remotelocation.Stepper driver is connected in one ofthe port of the controller. 17. CIRCUIT EXPLANATION FOR ROBOT SIDERelay driver is connected to one of theport of the controller.Relay is connected in one of the port ofthe controller.Pir ,ir sensor ,LDR ,thermistor areconnected in one of the port of thecontroller. 18. MICROCONTROLLER 4K Bytes of In-System Re programmable Flash Memory Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24 MHz Three-level Program Memory Lock 128 x 8-bit Internal RAM 32 Programmable I/O Lines Two 16-bit Timer/Counters Six Interrupt Sources Programmable Serial Channel Low-power Idle and Power-down Modes 19. The AT89C51 is a low-power, high- performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer. It has 4Kbytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device is manufactured using Atmels high- density nonvolatile memory technology It is compatible with the industry-standard MCS- 51 instruction set and pinout. 20. POWER SUPPLY UNIT The major blocks of the power supplyunits are :Step down transformer Rectifier Diodes Filters Voltage regulators 21. STEP DOWN TRANSFOMER The instrument transformer for power supply in this project is to convert AC from 230V to required low level such as 5V AC. This transformer apart from stepping down AC voltage, gives isolation between power source and power supply circuitries. 22. RECTIFIER UNIT: Diode contains two electrodes called the anode and the cathode. A diode has the property that will let electron flow easily in one direction. As a result when AC is applied to a diode, electrons only flow when the anode is positive and cathode is negative. 23. Filter Unit After pulsating DC has been produced by our rectifier, it must be filtered in or for it to be usable in a power supply. Filtering involves the ripple frequency.The power supply unit employed in this project used 7805 voltage regulator (for positive output voltages) and a 7905 regulator, (for negative output voltages). 24. regulatorThe voltage regulators play an important role in anypower supply unit. The primary purpose of a regulatoris to aid the rectifier and filter circuit in providing aconstant DC voltage to the device. Power supplieswithout regulators have an inherent problem ofchanging DC voltage values due to variations in theload or due to fluctuations in the AC liner voltage.With a regulator connected to the DC output, thevoltage can be maintained within a close tolerant regionof the desired output. IC7812 and 7912 is used in thisproject for providing +12v and 12v DC supply. 25. RELAY DRIVER The electromechanical relays are based on the comparison between operating torque/force and restraining torque/force. The VA burden of such relays is high. The characteristics of these relays have some limitations. Each relay can perform only one protective function. 26. Stepper motorA typical single axis stepper system consists of astepper controller, a motor drive, a motor (with orwithout gearbox), and a power supply.A stepper is typically commanded by two digitalinputs: a digital pulse train and a direction bit. The stepping drive and motor is used primarily forposition control. And unlike all other motor types,stepper motor is moved in "steps" (just one step perone command pulse) and will hold at its presentposition if no command pulses are received. 27. Stepper driver The stepper driver logic consists of 1. buffer 2. opto-coupler, 3. pre-driver 4. driver. BufferBuffer interfaces 8255 with high-level circuits(such as MOS.) for driving high current loads. 28. Stepper driver Opto-coupler: It consists of opto-emitter and phototransistorin opto-emitter exists infra red radiation which in turndrives the phototransistor. Pre-driver: We cannot directly couple the TIP122 (NPN)to the opto-coupler since it requires large current fordriving. We use the driver SL100 to boost the currentlevel. Driver: The main principle of the driver is to amplifythe current. It amplifies the 50mA current to2A, whichis needed to drive the motor. 29. PIR SENSOR PIR sensors are motion detectors, to detect human being. This sensor detects changes in infrared heat, caused by human movement and immune to pets 30. PIR SENSOR FEATURES Max. Coverage Range -30 x 30 ft Voltage - 9 to 16 VDC Detector - Dual element low-noise pyroelectric sensor Operating Temperature--14F to 122F 31. FIRE SENSOR LDRs are employed to sense the Fire, Here we use powerful and sensitive "LDR" (Light Dependent Resistor) for the flame detection.Normally LDR senses all the lights. But in our case we have to sense only Blue and Yellow flame and reject sunlight and other luminaries. We have provided neces-sary circuit to reject ambient and luminaries lightings and senses only desired flame coloring. We are using simple and effective potential divider to find out flame 32. ULTRA SONIC SENSOR Ultrasonic occupant sensors activate a quartz crystal that emits ultrasonic waves throughout space . The unit then senses the frequency of the reflected waves. If there is motion the reflected waves frequency will shift slightly.ultrasonic sensors operate at frequencies that are above human sensitivity. 33. RS 232The most common communication interfacefor short distance is RS-232.RS-232 defines a serial communication forone device to one computer communicationport, with speeds upto 19,200 baud. Typically 7 or 8 bits (on/off) signal aretransmitted to represent a character ordigit.The 9 pin connector is used. 34. MAX 232It has four level translators, two of which are RS232transmitters that convert TTL CMOS input levels into+ 9V RS232 outputs.The Max 232 is a dual RS-232 receiver / transmitterthat meets all EIA RS232C specifications while usingonly a +5V power supply.It has 2 onboard charge pump voltage converterswhich generate +10V and 10V power supplies froma single 5V power supply. 35. MAX 232 These receivers have a nominal threshold of 1.3V, a typical hysterics of 0.5V and can operate upto + 30V input. 1. Suitable for all RS232 communications. 2. +12V power supplies required. 3. Voltage quadruple for input voltage up to 5.5V (used in power supply Section of computers, peripherals, and modems). Three main sections of MAX232 are 1. A dual transmitter 2. A dual receiver 3. +5V to + 10V dual charge pump voltage converter. 36. ENCODER The TP 5088 is a low threshold voltage_ field- implanted_ metal gate CMOS integrated circuit' It interfaces directly to a standard telephone keypad and generates all dual tone multi-frequency pairs required in tone-dialing systems' The tone synthesizers are locked to an on-chip reference oscillator using an inexpensive 3'579545 MHz crystal for high tone accuracy' The crystal and an output load resistor are the only external components required for tone generation' A MUTE OUT logic signal_ which changes state when any key is depressed_ is also provided. 37. FEATURES 3'5V10V operation when generating tones 2V operation of key scan and MUTE logic Static sensing of key closures or logic inputs On-chip3'579545 MHz crystal-controlled oscillator Output amplitudes proportional to supply voltage High group pre-emphasis Low harmonic distortion Open emitter-follower low-impedance output SINGLE TONE INHIBIT pin 38. DECODER In this Project the main operation is performed by this IC Cm8870 i.e., the main DTMF to BCD Conversion is done thro this IC only. Let us know the Features and Functions of this IC Features Full DTMF receiver Less than 35mW power consumptionIndustrial temperature range Uses quartz crystal or ceramic resonators Adjustable acquisition and release times 39. RF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVERThis is the RF based Transmitter and Receivermodule, which can facilitate the remote applications. The process using the Radio - Frequency spectrumfor Transmitting and Receiving Voice, Data andVideo signals by which information(s) are shared isknown as Wireless Communication .Radio Frequency - A range of electromagneticfrequencies above sound and below visible light,generally in the 30Khz to 300GHz range, used for allbroadcast transmission including AM and FM radio,television, short-wave, microwave, and satellitetransmissions. 40. RF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER FEATURESComplete super regenerative RF Transmitter & Receiver Module operating @ 433.92 MHz Compact in Size & ModelNo External Components & No tuning is required. High Performance SAW based architecture with a maximum range of 100 feet @ 4800 bps data rate. Low Power Consumption RF Receiver Module - 433.92 MHz (FT-COM-RX2), Bandwidth4 MHz RF Transmitter Module -433.92 MHz (FT-COM- TX2), Bandwidth 4 MHz 41. CIRCUIT EXPLANATIONAll the sensor are connected to one of theport pin of controller.To drive the stepper motor we haverelays.these relays are connected to one ofthe port pin of the controller.Opto coupler stepper driver circuit isconnected to the one of the port of thecontroller.Encoder is connected with one of the port ofthe controller. 42. Explanation..Stepper motor is used for forward ,reverse,left,right movement of the robo model.Whenever any sensor detects correspondingsignal from the sensor is given to microcontroller.Micro controller encodes these data sendwirelessly to the remote unit.In receiver side this data will be received byrx receiver.Decoder in the circuit is decodes the data andgive it to controller 43. Explanation.Micro controller send this data to the pcthrough max 232.Max 232 coverts TTL logic to RS 232logic.In pc we have written visual basic code .Received data will be displayed on thepc.