Boston VFD Course

7/25/2019 Boston VFD Course

1/61

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10, 2014

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2/61

D A

I F, P, C

C S

C HVAC C

P A H

R V S HVAC

E E W M

? C S

B &

C &

G

M

V S

V &

E H

W

DC D

AC V F D


3/61

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S /

U

,

&

V

V & D

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

CFM

Typical Airflow Requirements

Min

Avg

Max

Month

C?

I C VFD

M C VFD

M I

(D, )

E H I

/ ?

O?


4/61

= C ???

S S S .

T .

A

.

F E F (/)

#

S = (120 * F)/(# )

R S S

.

D M , #

, .

E: 4 @ 60 = 1800

4 @ 50 = 1500

4 @ 40 = 1200


5/61

D

I: 60 AC &

C R DC &

I C DC AC

R A

% /

.

V/H R (480/60 = 8)

AC O: D

.

W

?

T

I ,

.


6/61

!!!!

F ,

,

.

W

AND ?

R H R !

?

W

60 ? 4 @ 60 = 1800

4 @ 70 = 2100

M

. T

.


7/61

C A

C T L , ,

&

, ,

.

V T L

, ,

C H

L

C

A T

S.

T S C

S T

P U T

B T


8/61

S

T

I VFD

.

C R

. F ,

.

H

.

E: C ,

&


9/61

C

H

. A 50%

50%

.

E VFD

.

R &

.

P

.

E:

C , &, .


10/61

H

. A 50%

88%

.

E VFD

.

C

C

, , . S

,

VFD'

.


11/61

C

T DC

D

S

AC F V D

T

VFD

.

A: E

T .

C F, P,C

A ,

.


12/61

E

T

(, , )

.

D

,

.

E D

U VFD

,

.

T

/

.


13/61

D

P F P

VFD

T P F

D P F

U

VFD

A:

A VFD

.

VFD

150% FLA/RLA .

W

?


14/61

()

R .

C .

R .

A: C

C

DCS PLC.

M

.

B

?


15/61

A:

E

.

E

.

R

.

C E

M

, ,

.


16/61

:

C

F

.

A VFD

.

D

D

&

K C

K D

K T

NEMA 1 NEMA 12

NEMA 1


17/61

A: B C

I , .

(A )

A: C

S VFD

.

R

.


18/61

A: C

VFD 3 .

M 150% 125H

I: C VFD P C D 95% N R V S? E P P M ( )

* H

D: C I VFD

.

E

.


19/61

D C ?

A VFD / ? F

.

T , , .

H

?

D: C

VFD

.

M

&

.


20/61

D:

VFD

(

)

. A ,

.

C

.

D /

I

A P M/F ($)

U

G P M

(C F, H, N, ) ($) I R M ($)

I D M ($)


21/61

D:

VFD & , .

I S C

, ,, .

O S C

.

D A

1. I .

1. I

2. O

3. S

4. C

2. P

/.

1. E

2. E /

3. V &.


22/61

D

H

AC DC

I 60 . 2 2 X 60 = 120 3 3 X 60 = 180 4 4 X 60 = 240

O .

-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

Voltage

Time

Resultant Waveform

Voltage

Time

Harmonic Distortion

3rd Harmonic(+)

(-)

C B VFD

. T

S E H O

3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15, .

VFD F

P

5& 7, 11 & 13, .


23/61

D (D)

C

.

T

.

T % ,

(THD) .

E: 7% THD

7% 60

T

.

D

E

L .

D

. I , VFD .


24/61

C D =

D

AC

T ,

T ; ,

,

B C

. I T

RMS ,

. NT RMS RMS ,

.

NT RMS

.

M RMS

RMS . O

RMS .

A .


25/61

C

.

H

KF T

T

.

S

.

KF

. S KF T

KF .

& C

C

( )

()

.

H

C

.

C (5, 7,

)

.


26/61

R (5, 11,17, 23, ) T

E .

T , .

I ,

? T

.

B

E VFD :

R F

C M N T H (3,9,15,

) R

.


27/61

A V/T VFD . W ,

.

V

. C .

AC D

V V I (VVI)

O

C S I (CSI)

P W M (PWM)

N

V V

V F D

F V D

S F V (C L)

S D (O L)


28/61

()

1 AC D

.

C SS D

A G

M

S

D P

P

S

L I T

C (C)

V

.

S /

.

A H

R

D P

L

P

I

L


29/61

()

N & .

B .

A

H

W

H

N

D C S

D C PWM

V V V

F (VVVF) D C V/H

F V

C &

C L O F V D

O L S V D


30/61

()

T

PWM .

V V/H

.

W

.

M

F

L F V D

D (C ) U

. F,

C

. T DC D

.

L DC D

VVVF . R

.


31/61

( ) D

A C L F V

.

C L

S

.

M C L F

V

.

A

?

H ?

A DC D?

DC

.

A

H, ;

E

S

M DC

DC


32/61

EC ?

N DC D

DC

H

.

L AC VFD

AC

L

DC

AC D D

N

.

3 P VFD 6

(6, 12, 18, 24, .)

T

. H #:

L

M &


33/61

D

VFD . T

.

T

. T ,

.

B

,

.

& C : = + 1

W , , =

6 P D

= 1 6 + 1 = 5 & 7

= 2 6 + 1 = 11 & 13

12 P D

= 1 12 + 1 = 11 & 13 = 2 12 + 1 = 23 & 25

A ,

( ) .


34/61

C

S

/

.

E: 12 18

(,

)

6 (,

)

D A & C

C/B R? H

.

I P C M

?

M R

/ ?

P Q C I I

?


35/61

EA A AC

A D

D NEMA 2001

& . (81 )

P:

$93

E FREE

.. .

EA D &A

M S

.

D T S

E S W NEMA

M I W NEMA

C L S

F B

D PLC


36/61

D C

B T S

A T A

R T A

P T D ?

H T I

/

?

C

T VFD

I

?

W

VFD ?

W

? A ?

A ..

/ ?


37/61

EA C

I: M H

B F

I D V O

M T S

G P M NEMA T A,B,C, D

I R

I D M

EA D C

I:

I & O WD

V O

R

L S C

D T S

V V I (VVI) C S I (CSI)

P W M(PWM)

P #: 6, 12, 18, 24, 30,


38/61

EA C

I I A T:

< 40 C (104 F)

I ,

A: < 3300

I ,

E T A

L

M R

Altitude not over 3,300 ft.

EA E C

V L .

NEMA M: + 10%

NEMA D: + 15%

M + 10% LESS.

V U D 3%

M 3%

S P S

. I , / . F

+ 3% ( )

P F C C B .

C .


39/61

D A

1. I .

1. I

2. O

3. S

4. C

2. P /.

1. E

2. E /

3. V &.

D C

P P

M

S

R

B &

H V

H


40/61

U

. T

.

F

.

W ,

.

/C R

VFD . L

.

I () ,

. (T D)

C .


41/61

C A ?

N (5,11,17) .

P S

I

L ,

H

B B G P M

D P M

/D G P M

B NEMA

C .

I C B > 1.0

I R M G

. (C H )

W

M ,

I D M S

H (ISR) P 1600

C

U .

W ,

.


42/61

B

&

C

E :

R F

C M N TH (3,9,15, )

S

S

I

L , .

S

A V/T

VFD . W ,

.

V . C

.


43/61

P 3550 .

D

L

P

P R T, C L, M

D P N, T T (

), U M M

NEMA C I & II

.

C I L C II H

U

U (W 230/460 230).

A .

E C I II .

C I: M NEMA MG1 P 31

.

I C II, :

U

. M

. I

, V/T (

)

.


44/61

D C

P P

H D N

T

F

C

U/

N D T T

I H

P S

L , .

U

K F T

C

IEEE 519 G

T V S

S (TVSS) UPS

() L

,

I T

L, S O, F

C/B O

O T

C

P S T V S

S (TVSS)

L

Voltage

Time (seconds)

Impulsive Transient(+)

(-)

Voltage

Time

Oscillatory Tranients(+)

(-)


45/61

D E

A T P C C (PCC).

T 250 H .

E .

M

3,000 (480 ) 0 .

Voltage

Time (seconds)

Impulsive Transient(+)

(-)

/

A .

D , , , , .

T S: W .

T V S S(TVSS) .


46/61

D, & C

T NEMA D AS . O

.

L

NEMA

.

D

C

C ( ) . S

.

T

. S

.

T TV S S (TVSS) .


47/61

C C C

C

( ) () .

H C

. C

. C

(5, 7, ) .

S

C

A T

.

S

.

A

.

T

.

T

.


48/61

/

T

/

.

E

,

.

T S:

T T V S

S (TVSS)

.. .

D

A NM 20 (350 H ) .

T .

T / 20 .

P .


49/61

M THD 30 37% .

A M.

T S: T

.

W .. .

D ?

NEMA D A G:

I .

T .

W

# & ( & )

I (, , ) M 58% V THD

!

S .

I .


50/61

?

IEEE 5191992; R P &R H C E PS

O 1981. 1992.

L

L THD .

T .. .

M .

EEE 519 R

P C C

(PCC) & . L 5% THD

.

P THD THD

L

.

C THD < .

W THD 519? P ?

W X ?

S ?


51/61

EEE 519

C T D D (TDD) P C C (PCC)

I/IL PCC.

C D D

(120 69,000)

C D

ISC/IL

Individual Harmonic Order (Odd Harmonics)

< 11 11< h < 17 17 < h < 23 23 < h < 35 35 < h TDD

< 20 4.0 2.0 0.6 0.5 0.5 5.0

20 < 50 7.0 3.5 1.0 0.5 0.5 8.0

50 < 100 10.0 4.5 1.5 0.7 0.7 12.0

100 < 1000 12.0 5.5 2.0 1.0 1.0 15.0

> 1000 15.0 7.0 2.5 1.4 1.4 20.0

Even harmonics are limited to 25% of the odd harmonic limits.

E EEE 519 U &

(THD) .

I IEEE 519 ,

. I

W ?

I

H


52/61

1990 E E

A OK P VFD E /

.

E .

C (812%) THD IEEE 519 .

C .

T (5 ) . T .

T FCC .

A FCC .

T .

2010 E E H VFD

NM .

T THD IEEE 519

VFD . T

.


53/61

P

.

P

.

E

.

P " "

.

C

.

P S

H ,

KF T

KF

. T K

F

S KF T

KF .


54/61

D E E

T VFD

(, , )

/ .

I /

, VFD .

D E E M/P I & O

H F R P E .

D C O E: 100% 1 , 80%

10 60% 8 .

E C E / D /


55/61

E: D

E M

3P, 100 H, 92% .

O 20 / 6 12 : 50%

12 M: 75%

M2 : 100%

E R $0.05/W

$5/W, 8 10 I VFD

?

0

25

50

75

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

D C

D ?

M..

W

?

W

?

S

.


56/61

/ C

T F/P C .

W

/ ?

I

.

D &

U VFD

/

.

T

,

.


57/61

F 100 H @ 92%

(0.746 W/H * 100 H)/0.92 = 81 W

A: .

E U:

81 W*20 /*7 /*52 / = 589,680W/

E B:

81 W * $5/W/* 12 = $4,860.00

589,680 W*$0.05W = $29,484.00

T E B = $34,344.00

D?? P D C

6 / @ 50%

12 / @ 75%

2 / @ 100%

Y 75% = 75% (A L) 100% : 100 * 13 = 100

T ?

75% : 100 X .753 = 42.2

50% : 100 * .53

= 12.5 P VFD; 6 / @ 12.5

12 / @ 42.2

2 / @ 100


58/61

E ?

T

4050% .

W

100 H

42.5 12.5 H?

; D

T

VFD,

/.

D :

M

C


59/61

D

100% F = N .81 W

(0.746 W/H 100 H)/0.92 = 81 W

75% F = 80%

(0.746 W/H 42.5 H)/0.8 = 39.6 W

50% F = 40%

(0.746 W/H 12.5 H)/0.4 = 23.3 W

C E B

81 W*2 /*7 /*52 / = 58,968W/

39.6 W*12 /*7 /*52 / = 172,973W/

23.3 W*6 /*7 /*52 / = 50,887W/

T E U: 282,828 W/

E B:

39.6 W * $5/W/* 12 = $2,376.00

282,828 W*$0.05/W = $14,141.40

T = $16,517.40


60/61

E

C S:

$34,344.00$16,517.40=$17,826.60

P/I: $15,000

(L 1990 )

C 100 H VFD C:

$4,000 $12,000 .

VFD VFD .

E :

P

$15,000/$17,826.60 = 0.84 10

M VFD 50,000 (

)

50,000 /7280 / = 6.9

T VFD 6.9 7280 0.84

(10 )

.


61/61

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D M

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US D E

I M & D S P: A

S I

WI F E

C Y E C VFD

CE

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Boston VFD Course

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