Boreal Zoologists
Transcript of Boreal Zoologists
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Boreal Zoologists
Boreal Forest (Taiga)
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What is a boreal forest?
A boreal forest couldalso be considered a
carbon reservoir, ittraps and stores carbonand prevents futureglobal climate change.
It purifies the air and aclimate regulator.
They also have a lot of wetlands which filter
millions of gallons of water and helpregulate thehydrological system.
(or the plumbing of the boreal forest).
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How are they formed?
They are formed by natural forces,such as fire, wind,insects, naturalgrowth pattern,and functions astheyve hadthrough out theyears.
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Why are there fewer boreal
forests?Eight thousand years ago there were a higher amount of boreal forest then there are now. Inthe late 1900s after the Industrial Revolution
had taken place, many of the boreal forestsstarted disappearing, especially in Europe.
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What is a boreal zoologist?
An individual thatstudies animals in a
specific area, which isthe boreal forest. Hestudies mammals,insects, reptiles,
amphibians, birds, andhumans.
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How are they helping
biodiversity?They are conserving it by observing how animals reproduce andmigrate, and how they adapt to their environments. They inform
people that if we dont take care of these animals they will become extinct.
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What is biodiversity?
It is the different typesand the variety of species found in anecosystem in agiven/certain area.(biological
biodiversity.
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Is it important?
Yes, because the more biodiversity there is themore stable an ecosystem,
environment, and biosphereis. A certain species isconnected to the wholefood web of the world;either another species isdependent on this species,or this species is dependenton another species.
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Importance continued...When there are more species with different adaptations, they will have ahigher chance to survive changes and therefore will keep the species alive(genetic variation).Another reason why biodiversity is important is actually an ethical one.People believe that every organism on earth has the right to live whether
they have a use or not.
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How can humans impact
biodiversity?Humans have two
possible roles, we can
conserve biodiversityand therefore make a positive effect or wecan destroy it and
make a negative effectlike the table in your right.
Positive Negative
Captive breeding programs
We use up theorganisms resources
We can prohibithunting endangeredspecies.
We can destroyhabitats
If a species is indanger, we can keepit safe until its pop.is stable
We can cause animalextinction
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Mammals
Mammals are warm blooded animals that feedtheir young with milk
through mammary glands.An example is theSiberian Musk Deer, a
perfect example for
biodiversity. Naturalselection has given itcanine teeth that are up to8 cm. long, and project
below the lips.
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Mammals role in biodiversity
Mammals are part of the predator-prey relation, they are the onesthat keep species from overpopulating. Theyre part of the foodweb, where if they were taken away, their prey would overpopulateand their predators would die out. They are essential organisms tothe boreal forest.
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Others
Musk ox
Polar bear
wolverine
Snowshoe hare
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Insects
Insects are small organisms that dont have avertebrae and are not used technically.Examples are the black fly (left) and themosquito (right).
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Insects role in biodiversityInsects serve the purpose of
being food to other organisms in the borealforest. When birds migrate tothe northern forest they feaston the insects. Insects alsodecompose litter, supplyfood, and eliminate diseasedtrees. Although this is good,insect attacks are morefrequent and with muchmore intensity, which mighthurt the boreal species. Theyalso cause the climate to
become unstable.
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Glass wing butterfly
Praying Mantis
firefly
Lady
bugs
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Reptiles/amphibians
Reptiles are small animals that crawl or moveon their bellies or with their short legs.
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The reptiles/amphibians role
Their job is to keep the population of insectsand lesser animals at a stable point, and also to
be food for the bigger predators, like hawks.
Poisonous bluefrog
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iguana
gecko
Thorny Devil
snake
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Birds
Birds are any of aclass of warm bloodedvertebratesdistinguished byhaving the body moreor less completely
covered with feathersand the forelimbsmodified as wings.
American bittern
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Their role
When birds migrate toanother site, they feedon many insects andtherefore regulate theinsect population, theyare part of the foodchain and are the
predators whereas theinsects are the prey.
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Swan
Robin Mexican Parrot
Wood pecker
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Humans
A human is a bipedal primate mammal, or to put it simply the person near you.
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Our role
Our role in a boreal forest is a bad one and a goodone.Some of us choose to help and support the forests;
by not letting fires happen, not hunting wherewere not supposed to, by not destroying habitats,or having excessive logging.While others choose to destroy many forests, settingfires on purpose, poaching and selling exoticspecies, and killing endangered and threatenedspecies for money.
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How do we benefit from biodiversity?
Through out the ageshumans have benefitedfrom biodiversity.Scientists have usesfor a lot of differentspecies, and every
time we eat, we benefit from biodiversity.
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Extinction
Mass Extinction-The extinction of many species in a very short time.There is a theory that between 1800and 2100, 25% of all species on Earthwill become extinct. The onlydifference is that the extinctions will
be caused by us, instead of naturalcauses.
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Dinosaur Extinction
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Endangered and ThreatenedSpecies
Endangered Species-aspecies that is likely to
become extinct if they
are not protectedimmediately.Threatened Species-aspecies that has adeclining populationand that is likely to
become endangered if it not protected.
The difference between these two isthat the endangered
species have a greater chance to becomeextinct than thethreatened species.
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Endangered Species
Asianelephant
aye-aye
Finwhale
Spider monkey
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Threatened SpeciesManta Ray
Giant BronzeGecko
Funcia di Basiliscu
GoldenDancingJewel
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How can humans causeextinctions?
Humans can causeextinction by causinghabitat destruction, by
bringing exotic speciesto unknown lands,harvesting, hunting,
poaching, and pollution.
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Habitat Destruction
As the human populationgrows, our need for shelter also does. When we clear
forest and other areas weare destroying manyspecies homes. Researchshows that almost 75 % of extinctions are caused byhabitat destruction.
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Importing Exotic Species
Exotic Species-aspecies that is notnative to a particular region. By bringingother species toanothers habitat, theymay cause harm to the
native species, sincethey arent adapted tosurvive around them.
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Poaching
Poaching-the illegalharvesting or captures of fish, game, or other species.
When people poach toomuch it can lead to extinctionespecially when that speciesis already endangered. The
problem is that not allthreatened species are
protected by laws.
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Pollution
When pollution enters afood web the damage iscritical. It harms the
animals, because it causestheir species to get sick,and their offspring canalso get that diseases. Oneexample is the bald eaglewith the pesticide DDT.
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What can humansdo to preserve
biodiversity?
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Captive Breeding Programs
Wild experts/zoologiststry to restore anendangered species
population. In the programs the experts breed the species in thecaptivity, then hope to putthem back in the speciesnatural habitat. Theyknow they have succeededwhen the species cansuccessfully breed in their environment.
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Preserving Genetic Material
Germ plasm is any form of genetic material thatwill help scientists make more of the species if they ever become extinct, they actually save partsof the reproductive germs. Another way is whenfarmers trade or share seeds.
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Zoos, parks, aquariums
Another way to preservemany species is to havezoos or any other establishment that willhelp sustain animal life.These buildings areliterally the livingmuseums of the worlds
biodiversity. Sadly this isnot enough because thesefacilities often dont havethe resources to sustainthe different species.
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Different strategies
Conservationists havecome up with strategies,for example; they focus on
entire ecosystems insteadof one single endangeredspecies. This way theyalso save most of thespecies in thatenvironment, instead of only the endangered or threatened ones.
Another strategy is to preserve native habitatsthat can be restored and
that make a hugecontribution to the worlds
biodiversity. Another strategy is to grow
products in places that are being used, instead of tearing down the trees and
building them there.
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Habitat Conservation Plan
When environmentalistsand developers debateabout endangered species
they reach a habitatconservation plan. Thismeans that they attempt to
protect one or morespecies across large areasof land through trade-offsor corporative agreements.
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Laws protecting biodiversity
Endangered Species Act-This act was passed in1973, it is designed to
protect plant and animallife in danger of becomingextinct. This means thatany person who uses one of the extinct species they
will get a fine. It means thatit is illegal for thegovernment to use thelisted endangered species if they jeopardize their
existence.
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Biodiversity Treaty
The Biodiversity Treaty-on the first Earth Summitmore than 100 worldleaders and to 30,00 other
participants met in 1992 inRio de Janeiro, Brazil toagree to this treaty. Thistreaty preserves
biodiversity and ensuresthe sustainable and fair use of genetic resources inall countries.
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Debates
Debates about conserving biodiversity have risen. Politicalgroups have objected to the Biodiversity Treaty because it prevents economic and trade agreements that might hurt or make a bad impact on biodiversity.
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Cooperation
But the greatest way to protect biodiversity isto make everyoneunderstands that everyspecies has a role in anecosystem, even
though at first it mayseem as if they areuseless.
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Simple sustainable living
Sustainability-thecondition in whichhuman needs are metin such a way that ahuman population cansurvive without
running out of resources.
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Is it important?
Sustainability isimportant to
biodiversity becausewhen we reach thislevel we wont have todestroy or use up the
species resources, andthen there will bemore biodiversity.
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Resources
http://www.dwlbc.sa.gov.au/landcaresa/galleries/biodiversity.htmlhttp://www.hww.ca/hww2.asp?id=354
http://www.hewett.norfolk.sch.uk/curric/NewGeog/Habitats/life.htm
http://www.borealforest.org/world/mammals/wolverine.htmhttp://www.borealforest.org/www.google.comwww.yahoo.comwww.endangeredspecie.comwww.iucnredlist.org
http://www.dwlbc.sa.gov.au/landcaresa/galleries/biodiversity.htmlhttp://www.hww.ca/hww2.asp?id=354http://www.borealforest.org/http://www.yahoo.com/http://www.endangeredspecie.com/http://www.endangeredspecie.com/http://www.yahoo.com/http://www.borealforest.org/http://www.hww.ca/hww2.asp?id=354http://www.dwlbc.sa.gov.au/landcaresa/galleries/biodiversity.html -
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QUIZ!
What is a boreal forest?How are plants affected by a boreal
forests temperature?What is an example of a type of organismin a boreal forest and what is its role in its
ecosystem?