Bor-3 - Well Architecture
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Transcript of Bor-3 - Well Architecture
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Well Architecture
and Construction
Edi B. Setyobudi2016
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Adams, N.J., 1985, “Drilling Engineering – AComplete Well Planning Approach” chapters 5,
6, 7, 9, 11, 12
Baker, R., 2001, “A Primer of Oilwell Drilling”chapters 10 & 12
Gatlin, C., 1960, “Petroleum Engineering –
Drilling and Well Completions” chapter 10 & 15
Mitchell, R.F., 2006, “Petroleum Engineering
Handbook Vol II – Drilling Engineering” –
chapters 5, 7 & 9
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Conductor
Keeps loose soil / sediments out of hole
Enable drilling fluid circulation and divertersystem
Usually driven into place
Surface Casing
Protects fresh water aquifersPrevents loss circulation into weak permeablezones
Supports the weight of all casing strings and aplace to set BOP
Intermediate Casing(s)
Separate normal, transition and over-pressurezones
Isolate zones that cause problems (heaving,sloughing shales)
Production Casing
Isolates pay zonesProtects production tubing
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Liner Tieback Liner
LinerCasing string that doesnot extend to surface
Hung onto
Intermediate Casing bymeans of Liner Hangers
Tieback Liner
A section of casingextending from topof liner to thesurface
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Pressure Temperature
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Bit size selection
should give enough
clearance forBottom Hole
Assembly (BHA) to
go through innerdiameter (ID) of the
casing and coupling
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PDCTCI Milled-Tooth
Roller-Cone
Roller-Cone Bit
Tungsteen
Carbide Insert(TCI)
Milled-Tooth
Poly-crystallineDiamond Compact
(PDC)
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Special bit for taking coreCombined with corebarrels (~30’) or doublebarrels (~60’) to take
longer core samples
A geologist laid downcore samples, oriented,marked and labeled
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Four (4) characters – 3 numeric and1 alphabetic
1. Series: 1 to 3 milled-tooth 4 to 8insert type where highernumbers for hard & abrasiverocks
2. Type: 1 to 4 – degree of
formation hardness3. Bearing Design & Gauge
Protection: 1 to 7
4. Additional Features: A to Z total16 features (a few characters
skipped)
International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADC)Roller-Cone Bits
Four (4) characters – 1 alphabeticand 3 numerical
1. Material: S – steel, M – matrix,D - diamond
2. Formation Type: 1 to 8 – degreeof formation hardness
3. Drill Bit Structure: 1 to 4
4. Bit Profile: 1 to 4
Roller-Cone Bits PDC & Diamond Bits
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12-1/4”
8-1/2”
17-1/2”
Bit Size
13-3/8” – Surface Casing
20” – Conductor
9-5/8” – Intermediate Casing
5-1/2” – Production Casing
Structural casings are
cemented prior to further
operation
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Size: ranges 4.5” – 36” Outer Diameter (OD) Length: R1: 16’ – 25’, R2: 25’ – 34’, R3: > 34’
Grade: Examples: H-40, J-55, K-55, N-80, L-80, C-
90, C-95, P-110, Q-125The letter refers to the chemical composition of thematerial and the number refers to the minimum yieldstrength of the material e.g. N-80 casing has a minimumyield strength of 80,000 psi
Connections / joints:Short thread connection (STC)
Long thread connection (LTC)
Buttress thread connection (BTC)
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Depth(m)
HoleSize
Mud Weight(lbs/cft) / ppg
Casing Type / Grade Range (m)
150 26” 66 – 67 / 8.8 – 8.9 20” x 94 PPF x K-55 x BTC 0 - 150
1500 17-1/2” 66 – 67 / 8.8 – 8.9 13-3/8” x 68 PPF x N-80 x BTC 0 - 1500
3500 12-1/4” 67 – 70 / 8.9 – 9.36
9-5/8” x 47 PPF x P-110 x BTC 0 - 240
9-5/8” x 47 PPF x N-80 x BTC 240 - 2610
9-5/8” x 47 PPF x P-110 x BTC 2610 - 3500
4380 8-1/2” 70 – 81 / 9.36 – 10.83
5-1/2” x 20 PPF x P-110 x BTC 0 - 530
5-1/2” x 20 PPF x N-80 x BTC 530 - 4270
5-1/2” x 20 PPF x P-110 x BTC 4270 - 4380
Note: combination of different casing grades may be run to minimize costs
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Isolate gas, oil and water zones – prevent crossflow
Preventing blowouts by quickly
forming sealsSealing off lost circulation or problem
zones
Pipe support and protection:Protect casings from shock loads
Prevent corrosion caused by acid gases
Pressure control
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Formation Temperature:BHCT – Circulating Temperature - affects thickening time
BHST – Static Temperature
Differential – top and bottom cement placement
Formation PressuresPore Pressure
Fracture Pressure
Wellbore volume
Others:
Sloughing shales / swelling clays
Corrosive gas
Fracture zones
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Class Depth-ft NotesA 0 - 6000
B 0 - 6000 Moderate – high sulfate resistance
C 0 - 6000 High early-strength
D 6000 - 10000 High temperature and pressure
E 10000 - 14000 High temperature and pressure
F 10000 - 16000 Extremely high temperature and pressureG 0 - 8000 General purpose - fine
H 0 - 8000 General purpose - course
J 12000 - 16000 Extremely high pressure and temperature
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Used to change the properties of cement slurries
AcceleratorsShorten thickening time
RetardersDelay thickening time
Fluid Loss Additives
Friction Reducer
Defoamer
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Primary Cementing isoutmost importance since
remedial cementing is more
difficult and less chance of
success
After enough time for
Waiting On Cement (WOC)
– Pressure Tested
Cement Bond Log – a sonic
and density logs to
qualitatively identify poor
cementing zones
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After set & cemented
production casing:
Flush drilling mud
using completionfluid
Perforate target
zone(s)Set tubing and
packers
N/U X-mas Tree
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Casing Gun Through Tubing
Gun
Tubing Conveyed
Gun
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AcidizingCarbonate reservoirs – injecting acid (HCl) intoreservoir to create channels for fluid flow
Fracturing
Injecting fluid using high pressure pump to breakthe rock then insert proppant to retain the fracturesopen
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