BOOKHIVE’S

POLITICAL SCIENCE(Indian Government & Politics)

Paper-I (Section B)

(for C.S. Main Exam according tothe revised syllabus)

PREM ARORA

COSMOS BOOKHIVE (P) LTD.

No Part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by anyelectronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented includingphotocopying and recording, or in any information storage and retrieval system, with-out permission in writing from the publishers.

Although every care has been taken to avoid errors of omission , this publi-cation is being sold on the condition and understanding that information given in thisbook is merely for reference and must not be taken as having authority of or binding inany way on the authors,editors,publishers and sellers who do not owe any responsibiltyfor any damage or loss to any person , a purchaser of this publication or not , for theresult of any action taken on the basis of this work. The publishers shall be obliged ifmistakes are brought to their notice for carrying out correction in the next edition. Alldisputes are subject to Delhi Jurisdiction only.

DISTRIBUTORS

DELHI (Regd. Office) JAIPUR47/30, East Patel Nagar, Sahai EnterprisesNew Delhi –110008 27, 2nd Floor, Bhagwan Dass Market

Near Sai Baba MandirChaura Rasta, Jaipur - 302004Phone : 327403, 751054

MUMBAI CHANDIGARHGaurav Agencies Sarojini Book Agency208, Kuber Complex, Link Road, S.C.O -69Andheri West, Mumbai-400053 Sector – 20C, ChandigarhPhone : 26730957 Phone : 780652

The Publishers

Price : Rs. 350.00

Published by :

COSMOS BOOKHIVE (P) LTD.Corporate Office : 831, Phase-V, Udyog Vihar, Gurgaon (Haryana)-122016

Phones-Telefax: (0124) 2346280, 2348820, 2451134, 5001086, 87, 88email: booksforall@bookhiveindia.com

Preface toSeventh Edition

This edition of the book has been prepared strictly in accordance with therevised syallabus for the Civil Services Examination announced by the UnionPublic Service Commission in 2001. While the existing topics have beenthoroughly revised and up-dated, the new topics have been dealth with atlength to provide the candidates preparing for the Civil Services Examination(Main) maximum relevant material at one place.

This volume covers Section ‘B’ of Paper I of Political Science for theMain Examination and is entitled Indian Government and Politics. Whilepreparing the revised edition the author has immensely benefitted from thevarious suggestions sent by the esteemed readers. It is hoped that the readerswould continue to send their valued suggestions in future also. All sugges-tions for improvement of book shall be gratefully acknowledged and usedfor improvement of the next edition of the book.

We are grateful to M/s Cosmos Bookhive (P) Ltd., for the pains takenin bringing out this edition with great speed.

PREM ARORA

Contents

1. INDIAN NATIONALISM 1Causes for the Rise of Indian Nationlism 2Dadabhai Naoroji (1825-1917) 7Bal Gangadhar Tilak 12Vinayak Damodar Savarkar 19Mahatma Gandhi 22Jaya Prakash Narayan 39Jawaharlal Nehru 50Subhash Chandra Bose 60B. R. Ambedkar 67Ram Manohar Lohia 70

2. NATURE OF INDIAN FREEDOM STRUGGLE 76Founding of Indian National Congress 76Phases of National Movement 82Moderate Nationalists 82Extremist Nationalists 85Difference between Moderates and Extremists 89Decline of Extremist Movement and its Impact 91

3. REVOLUTIONARY AND TERRORIST MOVEMENT 93Revolutionary Movement in Bengal 94Revolutionary Movement in Maharashtra 95Revolutionary Movement in Punjab 96Revolutionary Movement in Madras, Rajasthan 97Revolutionary activities in Foreign Countries 97Post-War Revolutionary Movement 100Limitations and Achievements 103

4. NON-COOPERATION MOVEMENT AND GANDHI 105Non Cooperation movement 105Non- Cooperation Resolution 108Significance of Movement 110The Swarajist Party 112

vi Contents

5. CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE MOVEMENT 116Beginning of Civil Disobedience Movement 117Government Repression 118Significance of Movement 118Round Table Conferences 119Communal Award of 1932 123

6. NATIONAL MOVEMENT DURING SECOND WORLD WAR-INCLUDING QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT 126August Offer 127Individual Civil Disobedience Movement 128Cripps Mission 129Quit India Movement (1942) 134Rajaji Formula 136Wavell Plan 137Simla Conference 139

7. INDIAN NAVEL UPRISING 141

8. INDIAN NATIONAL ARMY (INA) 144

9. ROLE OF WOMEN IN FREEDOM STRUGGLE 147Women and Non-Cooperation Movement 147Role of working Classes 148Civil Disobedience Movement and Women 148Revolutionary Movements and Women 150Quit India Movement and Women 150Gandhi’s role in Promotion of Women Participation infreedom Struggle 151Evaluation of Role 151

10. COMMUNAL QUESTION AND DEMAND FORPARTITION 152Early History 152Divide and Rule Policy of British of British Government 154Founding of the Muslim League 155Lucknow Pact (1916) 157Revitalistation of Muslim League 159The idea of Pakistan and Rift between Congress andMuslim League 161Why demand for Muslim State of Pakistan was made? 164Creation of Pakistan 166

Contents vii

11. TRADE UNION MOVEMENT 167Origin of Trade Union Movement 167Trade Union Movement in India 167Trade Union movement in Post Independence Period 168Organisation of Informal and Unorganised Workers 168

12. PEASANT MOVEMENTS 172Peasant Movement in India 172Peasant Movement and National Movement 173Peasant Movement after Independence 173Peasant Movement in 1970’s 174Leadership of Peasant Movements 175

13. CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT 176Civil Rights and Constitution 177Emergency and civil Rights Movement 179Civil Rights Movement and Repression 179

14. CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTUNDER BRITISH 181Government of India Act 1858 181Queen’s Proclamation of 1858 185Indian Councils Act 1861 186Indian Councils Act 1892 189Morley Minto-Reforms Act 1909 192Development from 1919-1947 198Montague Chelmsford Reforms Act 1919 198Dyarchy and its Working 215Simon Commission 219Nehru Committee and its Report 222Civil Disobedience Movement 225Communal Awards 229Government of India Act 1935 231Government of India Act 1935 in Operation 245Formation of Congress Ministries 247Resignation of Congress Ministries 248August Offer 252Cripps Mission 253Cabinet Mission 260Formation of Interim Government 264Mountbatten Plan 267The Indian Independence Act 1947 270

viii Contents

15. SELECT FEATURES AND PREAMBLE 272Select Features 272Preamble of the Constitution 279Significance of Preamble 283

16. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND DUTIES 285Fundamental Rights under Indian Constitution 285Features of Fundamental Rights 287Classification of Fundamental Rights 289Suspension of Fundamental Rights 296Evaluation of Fundamental Rights 297Parliament’s Right to Amend fundamental Rights 303Fundamental Duties 305

17. DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY 309Chief Objectives of Directive Principles 309Classification of Directive Principles 310Implementation of Directive Principles 313Difference between Directive Principles and Fundamental Rights 317Relations between fundamental Rights and Directive Principles 317

18. INDIAN FEDERALISM AND CENTRE-STATE RELATIONS 321India – A Union of States 321Federal Features 323Non-Federal Features 325Assessment of Indian Federalism 330Centre State Relations 333Legislative Relations 334Administrative Relations 336Financial Relations 340Actual Operation of Federal System 343Demand for Greater Autonomy by States 347Centre-State Relations in Present Context 359

19. PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM 361Why Parliamentary Government? 361Features of Indian Parliamentary System 363Actual Operation of Parliamentary Government 365Factors contributing to success of Parliamentary Government 375Demand for Presidential System 377Arguments for Retention of Parliamentary Government 378Suggestions for Improvement of Parliamentary System 381

Contents ix

20. AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION 384Amendment Procedure 384Defects in Amendment Procedure 385Amendments Carried out so far 387Amendments as Instrument of Socio-Economic Change 396Misuse of Amending Power 401Basic Structure of Constitution and its Amendment 401Review of the Constitution 406

21. THE PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT 411President 411Election 411Powers of President 416Emergency Powers 421Position of the President 430The Vice-President 433

22. THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS AND PRIME MINISTER 438Composition 438Basic features of working of Council of Ministers 441Functions of Council of Ministers 444Relations with President 446Relations with Parliament 447The Prime Minister 448Powers of Prime Minister 451Position of Prime Minister 454Deputy Prime Minister 457

23. THE GOVERNOR 458Appointment 458Powers of Governor 461Position of Governor 465Position after 1967 466

24. THE STATE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS 472Composition of Council of Ministers 472Powers and Functions 473The Chief Minister 475Power 476Position 478

25. BUREAUCRACY 480Meaning 480

Political Science : Indian Government &Politics Paper-I (Section B)

Publisher : Cosmos Bookhive ISBN : 9788177291452 Author : Prem Arora

Type the URL : http://www.kopykitab.com/product/8568

Get this eBook

30%OFF