Human Molecular Genetics IV. Genetics of common diseases/ Multifactorial genetics.
Book Ⅳ Unit 7 Section A Research into Population Genetics College of Foreign Studies.
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Book Ⅳ Unit 7 Section A Research into Population Genetics College of Foreign Studies
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Transcript of Book Ⅳ Unit 7 Section A Research into Population Genetics College of Foreign Studies.
Book ⅣUnit 7Book ⅣUnit 7
Section A
Research into Population Genetics
College of Foreign Studies
Structure Analysis
Sentence Structure
Understanding
Summary
Words and Expressions
Writing
Pre-task Checking
Book ⅣUnit 7
Book ⅣUnit 7Book ⅣUnit 7
Structure Analysis
Introduction + Body + Conclusion
Part Para.
Maid Idea
Introduction1-2 the introduction of the book and
the first genetic map
Body
3-4 the process and difficulties of conducting the research
5-9 major contributions of the research with examples
Conclusion 10 social value of the research
Book ⅣUnit 7
I. Structure Analysis
Research into Population Genetics
Introduction of the book and the first genetic map (Paras. 1–2)
The process of conducting the research(Paras. 3–4)
Example: blood sample
(To be continued)
Book ⅣUnit 7
Contributions of the first genetic map of the world: (Paras. 5–9)
Conclusion: to weaken conventional notions of race that cause racial prejudice (Para.
10)
discovery birthplace origins values
Book ⅣUnit 7
Book ⅣUnit 7Book ⅣUnit 7
Understanding
Go over the text quickly and answer the questions.For questions 1-7, mark
Y (for YES);
N (for NO);
NG (for NOT GIVEN);
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the text.
II. Understanding
Make YourMake Your Judgment Judgment
Book ⅣUnit 7
1. The History and Geography of Human Genes is a remarkable book about an extensive survey on population genetics.
2. The writers of the book firmly believe that races are remarkably different since the genes are not alike.
3. In order to reveal genetic makeup of people in all parts of the world, the writers did not set limitation when collecting human blood.
NN
NN
YY
Book ⅣUnit 7
4. Some of the potential blood donors were not willing to cooperate because of some religious concern. 5. Certain race turns into another race to adapt to climate as humans move from one continent to another.
6. Writers of the book believed that Americans are a mixed population, with 65% Asian and 35% African
genes.
7. Genetic information may be great helpful in the field of medicine.
YY
YY
NGNG
NN
Book ⅣUnit 7
8. The writers trace the routes by which early humans migrated around the earth by measuring how closely ________________ _________ .
9. The genetic map and __________________ confirms that Africa was the birthplace of humanity and thus the starting point of the original human movements.
10. Cavalli-Sforza says that his goal is to ____________________________________ that cause racial prejudice.
ancient human bones
current populations
“weaken conventional notions of race”
are related
Book ⅣUnit 7
Summary
Book ⅣUnit 7
1.What is the book –The History and Geography of Human Genes?
remarkable collection, population genetics, firm conclusion
2. How was the survey conducted? assemble individuals from 2,000 groups, be
confined to, as of 1492
III. Summary
Book ⅣUnit 7
3. What discoveries did the scientist make? (Four major contributions)
a color map of the world’s genetic variation, birthplace of humanity, shed new light on the origins of populations, in addition to, medical industry, disease-fighting drugs
4. What is the social value of the study? is not just scientific but social as well, weaken
conventional notions of race
Sentence Structure
Book ⅣUnit 7
1. The book, however, is much more than an argument against the latest racially biased theory.
“more than” = to a greater degree than usual
Practice
Sentence Structure
Book ⅣUnit 7
1. 他不仅是一个教练，他更是一个朋友。
2. 学习英语不仅仅是上课和记笔记。
1. He’s more than a coach; he’s a friend.
2. Learning English is more than attending the classes and taking notes.
TranslationTranslation
Key Key
Book ⅣUnit 7
2. …, labored with his colleagues for 16 years to create nothing less than the first genetic map of the world.
Practice
“nothing less than” used to emphasize
importance or surprise
Book ⅣUnit 7
1. 三个月就建成了这个学校，简直是一个奇迹。
2. 他的经历简直太奇妙了，我被感动得流下眼泪。
1. The setting up of this school in three months is nothing less than a miracle.
2. His experience is nothing less than magical and I am moved to tears.
TranslationTranslation
Key Key
Book ⅣUnit 7
3. Cavalli-Sforza stresses that his mission is not just scientific but social as well.
not (just/only) ... but ... as well
= not only ... but also …
Practice
Book ⅣUnit 7
1. 莎士比亚不仅是作家，也是演员。2. 有些父母不仅关心这些游戏的安全性，还对它 们的教育意义表示怀疑。
1. Shakespeare was not only a writer but an
actor as well.
2. Some parents are not only concerned with
safety but skeptical of the educational value
of such games as well.
TranslationTranslation
Key Key
Book ⅣUnit 7
Words and Expressions
Book Ⅳ
Unit 7
1. to date
up to now
1. 1. 迄今为止他的情况没有任何进展。
2. 这是他迄今为止最杰出的成就。
1. 1. To date there has been no improvement in his condition.
2. This is his finest achievement to date.
TranslationTranslation
KeyKey
Word Using
Book ⅣUnit 7
2. discount vt. think or say that sth. is not important
他说的许多话不可全信，他喜欢想象。
Much of what he says must be discounted; he likes imagining.
TranslationTranslation
KeyKey
Book ⅣUnit 7
2. discount n. a reduction in the usual price of
something
一些剧院的戏票，学生可以打八五折。
Students get a 15% discount on someStudents get a 15% discount on some
theatre ticketstheatre tickets.
TranslationTranslation
KeyKey
Book ⅣUnit 7
3. bias n. an unfair and unreasonable opinion or
feeling
许多妇女在工作场合仍遭受根深蒂固的偏见。
Many women still encounter deep-seated bias in the workplace.
TranslationTranslation
KeyKey
Book ⅣUnit 7
4. be confined to be kept within certain limits
旅游团只能进行计划内的活动。
The tour group is confined to the planned
activities.
TranslationTranslation
KeyKey
Book ⅣUnit 7
5. in effect in fact
似乎他们以为修一条新路会解决这个交通问题，事实上，情况将更糟糕。
They seem to think that building a new road
will solve the traffic problem, but it will make
it worse.
TranslationTranslation
KeyKey
Book ⅣUnit 7
6. adapt to try to deal successfully with a new
situation
According to your experience, how to adapt to college life?
1. being open-minded…2. turning to teachers for help3. trying to making friends
Use ItUse It
TipsTips
Book ⅣUnit 7
7. in combination with together with
她采用利诱和威胁并用的方法，获得了成功。
By using persuasion in combination with threats, she achieved success.
TranslationTranslation
KeyKey
Book ⅣUnit 7
调查报告将有助于解开这个疑团。
The investigation report will shed light on the mystery.
8. shed light on make something easier to understand
TranslationTranslation
KeyKey
Book ⅣUnit 7
9. be descended from
be related to someone who lived long ago
达尔文指出人类是从动物演变而来的。
Darwin pointed out that human beings are descended from
animals.
TranslationTranslation
KeyKey
Book ⅣUnit 7
10. distinctive adj. having a quality or characteristic that
make sth. different and easily noticed
1. 他走路的样子与众不同。2. 房间里有一种特殊的气味。
1. He has a distinctive way of walking. 2. There is a distinctive smell in the room.
TranslationTranslation
KeyKey
Book ⅣUnit 7
change make knownbring togetherfacebe similar todividenot the sameunusual use for profit
vary reveal assembleconfront resemble split distinct uniqueexploit
Old to New
Book ⅣUnit 7
Chinese to English Chinese to English 广泛的调查科学根据偏远地区乡下引人注目的发现适应商业目的最终目的传统观念
extensive surveyscientific basis
remote areasrural region remarkable discoveries adapt to commercial purposesultimate aim conventional notions
Book ⅣUnit 7
WritingWriting
Book ⅣUnit 7
Normally, a writer starts with a general point and then presents a number of
examples to support his point.
Structured Writing
Sample
Book ⅣUnit 7
Living by the sea has many advantages, including a milder, less extreme climate,
an access to a wide variety of fish and shellfish, and an easy means of transport and communication, both inland via rivers, and along the coast in
sheltered waters.
1. A Sample
Book ⅣUnit 7
A general point:
Living by the sea has many advantages
Example 1:
less extreme
climate
Example 3:
easy means of
transport and
communication
Example 2:
access to a wide variety of fish and shellfish
Book ⅣUnit 7
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance My College Education. You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1. 上大学的费用 (tuition and fees)可以通过多种途径解决
2. 哪种途径适合于我 (说明理由 )
2. Your Task
Reference
Book ⅣUnit 7
Sample: Several years ago new tuition fee policy
was put into practice and college students were asked to pay a certain sum of money. And now, all the students, no matter what subjects they are engaged in, must pay for tuition.
There are many ways for a student to finance his college education. Most students ask their parents to pay the tuition fee and pay for their books, accommodation and other cost. A student can also apply for the
Book ⅣUnit 7
scholarship. Most universities set up scholarship to offer money to the poor students who do well in entrance exams and reward those who do well in entrance exams and reward those who work well at university. A student can also apply for the low-interest loans. In addition to the above, taking part-time jobs is also a common way for a college student to get money to pay part of his tuition and fees.
So far as I’m concerned, I’d prefer earning the scholarship. This means I must
Book ⅣUnit 7
study hard and be a top student, which has always been my goal. After all, the task of a student is to study. And in addition to solving my financial problems, getting the scholarship can also prove my ability and is good for my future.
Book ⅣUnit 7
