Bohr Diagrams
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Bohr Diagrams Rules and Directions
description
Bohr Diagrams. Rules and Directions. Bohr Diagram Rules. Bohr Diagrams show: The Nucleus: # Protons # Neutrons The “Energy Levels” or “Shells”: Hold Electrons Energy Levels: 1 st energy level can hold 2 electrons 2 nd energy level can hold 8 electrons - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Bohr Diagrams
Bohr Diagrams
Rules and Directions
Bohr Diagram Rules Bohr Diagrams show:
The Nucleus:
# Protons
# Neutrons
The “Energy Levels” or “Shells”:
Hold Electrons
Energy Levels:
1st energy level can hold 2 electrons
2nd energy level can hold 8 electrons
3rd energy level can hold 18 electrons
4th energy level can hold 32 electrons
An energy level is considered “full” if it has 8 in it (OCTET RULE)
Bohr Diagrams Find your element on the periodic table.
Determine the number of electrons – it is the same as the atomic number.
This is how many electrons you will draw.
Bohr Diagrams• Find out which period (row)
your element is in.
• Elements in the 1st period have one energy level.
• Elements in the 2nd period have two energy levels, and so on.
• Remember, an “Energy Level” is also called a shell.
Bohr Diagrams Calculate the number of
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons in the Carbon atom
Draw a nucleus showing the number of protons and neutrons the element has.
Carbon is in the 2nd period, so it has two energy levels, or shells. Draw the 2 shells around the nucleus.
6P6N
CARBON P: N: E:6 6 6
Bohr Diagrams
Add the electrons. Carbon has 6 electrons to place on the shells.
The first shell can only hold 2 electrons, so place 2 there.
The second shell can hold 8 electrons, so place the other 4 there. (6 electrons – 2 electrons = 4 electrons)
6P6N
Bohr Diagrams Check your work.
You should have 6 total electrons for Carbon.
Only two electrons can fit in the 1st shell.
The 2nd shell can hold up to 8 electrons.
6P6N
Bohr Diagrams
Try the following elements on your own:
a) H
b) He
c) O
d) Al
e) Ne
f) K
6P6N
Bohr Diagrams
In your notes, try the following elements on your own:
a) H – 1 electron
b) He
c) O
d) Al
e) Ne
f) K
1P0N
Bohr Diagrams
Try the following elements on your own:
a) H
b) He - 2 electrons
c) O
d) Al
e) Ne
f) K
2P2N
Bohr Diagrams
Try the following elements on your own:
a) H
b) He
c) O - 8 electrons
d) Al
e) Ne
f) K
8P8N
Bohr Diagrams
Try the following elements on your own:
a) H
b) He
c) O
d) Al - 13 electrons
e) Ne
f) K
13P14N
Bohr Diagrams
Try the following elements on your own:
a) H
b) He
c) O
d) Al
e) Ne - 10 electrons
f) K
10P10N
Bohr Diagrams
Try the following elements on your own:
a) H
b) He
c) O
d) Al
e) Ne
f) K - 19 electrons
19P20N
Bohr Diagrams – Ions!
C 4-
P:
N:
E:
Draw the Bohr Diagram with the
above information!
6
6
10 (6+4)6P6N
Bohr Diagrams – Ions!
In your notes, try the following elements on your own:
a) O 2-
b) Al 3+
c) K +
6P6N
Bohr Diagrams – Ions!
O 2- -10 Electrons
8P8N
Bohr Diagrams – Ions!
Al 3+-10 Electrons
13P14N
Bohr Diagrams – Ions!
K +-18 Electrons
19P20N
Bohr Diagrams - Isotopes!
Carbon – 14
P:
N:
E:
Draw the Bohr Diagram with the above information!
6P8N
6
8 (14-6)
6
Bohr Diagrams - Isotopes!
In your notes, try the following elements on your own:
a) Hydrogen -2
b) Helium - 6
c) Oxygen -15
d) Aluminum - 30
e) Neon -19
f) Potassium - 42
6P8N
Bohr Diagrams - Isotopes!
1P1N
In your notes, try the following elements on your own:
Hydrogen -2 – P:1 N:1 E:1
Bohr Diagrams - Isotopes!
2P4N
In your notes, try the following elements on your own:
Helium - 6 – P:2 N:4 E:2
Bohr Diagrams - Isotopes!
8P7N
In your notes, try the following elements on your own:
Oxygen -15 – P:8 N:7 E:8
Bohr Diagrams - Isotopes!
13P17N
In your notes, try the following elements on your own:
Aluminum - 30 – P:13 N:17 E:13
Bohr Diagrams - Isotopes!
10P9N
In your notes, try the following elements on your own:
Neon -19 – P:10 N:9 E:10
Bohr Diagrams - Isotopes!
19P23N
In your notes, try the following elements on your own:
Potassium - 42 – P:19 N:23 E:19
