Body of the UterusEndometritisAdenomyosisEndometriosisDysfunctional uterine bleedingEndometrial hyperplasiaEndometrial polypsLeiomyomas and leiomyosarcomasEndometrial carcinomas

EndometritisClinical settings:

Chronic gonorrheal pelvic disease(PID)TuberculosisRetained Product of conceptionIUDSpontaneously

Chronic EndometritisHistologically, it is characterized by presence of chronic inflammatory cells primarily plasma cells.

Adenomyosis

The presence of endometrial tissue (endometrial gland and/or stroma) within the substance of uterine myometrium

The cause is unknown; it occurs in approximately 15% to 20% of uteri.

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AdenomyosisGross:

Adenomyosis causes expansion (enlargement) of the uterine wall and may be visible on gross examination as numerous small cysts .

AdenomyosisMicroscopic examination:

irregular nests of endometrial stroma, with or without glands, are arranged within the myometrium, separated from the basalis by at least 2 to 3 mm .

Endometriosis the presence of endometrial glands or stroma in abnormal locations outside the uterus.

It occurs in the following sites, in descending order of frequency :

(1 )ovaries; (2) uterine ligaments; (3) rectovaginal septum; (4) pelvic peritoneum; (5) laparotomy scars; and (6) rarely in the umbilicus, vagina, vulva, or appendix .

EndometriosisGross

Endometriosis of the ovary

The ovaries may become markedly distorted by large cystic spaces (3 to 5 cm in diameter) filled with brown blood debris to form so-called chocolate cysts

Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB)

DUB is defined as abnormal bleeding in the presence of a functional disturbance rather than an organic lesion of the endometrium or uterus .

Abnormal uterine bleeding could result of a well-defined organic lesion, such as submucosal leiomyoma, endometrial polyp, or endometrial adenocarcinoma

Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

Three functional groups

Anovulatory cycles

Inadequate luteal phase

Contraceptive induced bleeding