BO4-DEMO

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 1

CONSIDERATIONS

1. The crater must be long enough to tie intoother obstacles.

2. Must be covered by fire to be effective.

3. Employ where the terrain will assist.

4. Crater will be more effective if angledacross the road.

5. Integrate or supplement craters with:a. Minesb. Wirec. Water

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 2

IDEAL LOCATIONS

1. Dense woods

2. Swamps

3. Cuts and fills

4. Side hill cuts

5. Hill crest

6. Built up areas

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IDEAL LOCATIONS (cont.)

7. Inside tunnels

8. Airstrips, runways, helipads

9. Bridges & approaches

10. Fords and ferry landings

11. Causeways12. Sharp curves

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 4

METHODS FOR BOREHOLES

MANUAL

MECHANICAL

EXPLOSIVES

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 5

15LBS

40LBS

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 6

Shaped Demolition Charges

Charge

Demolition

Shaped

40 pounds

M3A1

ChargeDemolition

Shaped

M2A4

M2A4, 15 pound shaped demolition charge0.11-LB booster, composition A3

11.5-LB main charge, composition B

7

14 15/16

M3A1, 40 pound shaped demolition charge

0.11-LB booster, composition A3

29.5 LB main charge, composition B

9

15 standoff

15 1/2

6 standoff

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 7

Characteristics of shaped demolition charges

Type Explosive Weight Size(in.) Packing &total weight

Charge, Demolition:Shaped 15-lb M2A3




Pentolite or composi-tion B, with 50/50pentolite booster

Composition B, with50/50 pentolite booster

Composition B, withcomposition B booster

15lb

15lb

40lb

40lb

14 15/16 x 7" w/

fiberboard standoff

14 15/16 x 7" w/

fiberboard standoff

151/2

x 9" lessstandoff

15 1/2 x 9" less

standoff

1.2per woodenbox.wt. 58lbs

2.

3per woodenbox.wt. 65lbs


1per wooden

box.wt. 65lbs


Composition B w/comp. B3 booster

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 8

Characteristics of boreholes made by shaped charges

Material Specifications M2A4 M3A1

Shaped Charge Shaped Charge

(15-pound) (40-pound)

Armor plate Penetration 12.00 in At least 20.00 in

Average hole diameter 1.50 in 2.50 in

Reinforced Maximum wall thickness 36.00 in 60.00 in

concrete Penetration depth in thick walls 30.00 in 60.00 in

Average hole diameter 2.75 in 3.50 inConcrete pavement Optimum standoff 42.00 in 60.00 in

(10-in with 21-in Minimum penetration depth 44.00 in 71.00 in

rock base course) Maximum penetration depth 91.00 in 109.00 in

Minimum hole diameter 1.75 in 6.75 in

Concrete pavement Optimum standoff 42.00 in -

(10-in with 21-in Minimum penetration depth 38.00 in -

rock base course) Maximum penetration depth 90.00 in -

Minimum hole diameter 3.75 in -

Ice Hole depth (42-inch standoff) 7.00 ft 12.00 ft

Hole diameter (42-inch standoff) 3.50 in 6.00 in

Soil Hole depth (30-inch standoff) 7.00 ft -

Hole depth (48-inch standoff) - 7.00 ft

Hole diameter (30-inch standoff) 7.00 in -

Hole diameter (48-inch standoff) - 14.50 in

Gravel roads Hole depth (30-inch standoff) 7.00 ft -

Hole depth (48-inch standoff) - 9.00 ft

Hole diameter (30-inch standoff) 7.00 in -

Hole diameter (48-inch standoff) - 7.00 in

* A dash in the M2A4 Shaped Charge column indicates that a M3A1 shaped charge is required.

** A dash in the M3A1 Shaped Charge column indicates that a M2A4 shaped charge is sufficient.

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 9

CRATERING CHARGES

CLEAT

DETONATING

CORD TUNNEL

LOWERING RING

CHARGECRATERIN

G

40

LBS

NSN

EXPLOSIVES

00

-000

-0000

-0000

CAP WELL

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 10

BREACHING

HARD-SURFACEPAVEMENT

Pavement6" Thick

A. One pound of explosive for each 2" of pavement thickness

B. Tamping is twice as thick as pavement

EXAMPLE

1. 6" - 2" = 3 x 1lb = 3 lbs explosive per charge..

2. 6" x 2 = 12" tamping per charge

Tamping

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TYPES OF ROAD CRATERS

HASTY

DELIBERATE

RELIEVED FACE

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RULES: ("Rule of Thumb")

1. Holes spaced 5 feet apart.

2. Depth: Minimum 5 feet (all same depth).

3. Use 10 lbs explosive per foot of hole(Minimum of 3 holes).

4. Number of holes = N = L - 165

+1

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 1450-lb charges

20

8appro

x

8approx

5

5

5

5

5 (min)

PLACEMENT FOR HASTY ROAD CRATER

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PROBLEM

Calculate the amount of TNT for a hasty

road crater 100 feet long. The holesare to be 6 feet deep. Show all workin the six step problem solving format.

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SOLUTION

Step 1. Holes..6' deep, Crater..100',use TNT, Hasty crater

Step 2. 6 feet deep holes at 10 lbsper foot = 60 lbs per hole

Step 3. N/A

Step 4. Round up to whole poundsize = 60 1lb blocks of TNT

(Already in whole packages however, if acombination of cratering charges and TNT....20 lbsTNT and ONE 40 lb cratering charge per hole)

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SOLUTION

Step 5. Determine number of holes

Step 6. 18 holes= 12 x 60 lbs per hole =1080 1lb blocks of TNT

N = L - 16 100 - 16

5 5

17.8 Holes 18 Holes

+1 = 17.8 Holes+1 =

18 Holes = 18 Charges

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DELIBERATE ROAD CRATER

RULES:

1. Holes spaced 5 feet apart.

2. Must be a 7 foot hole on each end.

3. Alternate 5 and 7 foot holes.

4. There can't be two 5 foot holes adjacent to eachother.

5. Explosives per hole: 5' hole = 40 lbs per hole7' hole = 80 lbs per hole

6. Number of holes: N = L -16

5+1

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PLACEMENT for DELIBERATE ROADCRATER

5'5'

5'5'

8'approx.

8'approx.

7'7'

5'

7'

25'

80 lb

80 lb80 lb

80 lb

5'

7' 5'

40 lb

40 lb

Crater is approximately 8' deep.

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 21

PROBLEM

Calculate the amount of explosives requiredto construct a deliberate crater 76 feetlong.

Use: Cratering charges and TNT

Show all work to include sketch ofplacement

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SOLUTION

Step 1. Crater..76', use crateringcharges & TNT, Deliberate

Step 2. 7 foot holes at 80 lbs5 foot holes at 40 lbs

Step 3. N/A

Step 4. Round up to whole pound size:80 lb = 2 cratering charges40 lb = 1 cratering charge and 1 1lb block of TNT

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SOLUTION

6 holes x 1 1lb block TNT =

6 1lb block TNT

Step 5. Determine number of holesN = L - 16 76 - 16

5 5

Step 6. 13 Holes = 7 at 7 foot6 at 5 foot

Therefore: 7 holes x 2 cratering charges = 14 cc

6 holes x 1 cratering charge = 6 cc

Total: 20 cratering charges6, 1lb block of TNT

Holes

7 5 7 5 7 5 7 5 7 5 7 75

+ 1= + 1 =13 holes

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76'

80 lbs 40 lbs

NOTES: 1. 5' spacing2. Alternate 5' and 7' holes3. Dual priming - 40 lb cratering charge

PLACEMENT SOLUTION

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Enemy side Friendly side

25 minimumslope

40 maximumslope

o o

RELIEVED FACE ROADCRATER

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 26

RELIEVED FACE CRATER

Rules1. Enemy row = 4' deep and 30 lbs explosives per hole

2. Friendly row = 5' deep and 40 lbs explosives per hole

3. Holes: 7' apart within row

4. Rows: 8' apart and offset (12' on hard surface)

5. Initiate enemy row .5 to 1.5 seconds before friendly

6. Number of holes on friendly row:

7. Number of holes in enemy row is one less than in thefriendly row

NF = L - 10

7

:

+ 1

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12B30 / 12C30 / CET - B04 Slide # 27

DUALPRIMING

Enemy Row

Friendly Row

8'

31/2'

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RELIEVED FACE

PLACEMENT

Enemy side Friendly side

25 minimumslope

40 maximumslope

o o

8'

4'5'30 lb

40 lb

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PROBLEMRelieved Face

How many cratering charges and how many1lb blocks of TNT are needed to createa relieved face road crater 110 feet long?

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SOLUTION

Step 1. Relieved face, CC and TNT, 110 ft craterStep 2. 4 ft holes at 30 lbs per hole 5 ft holes at40 lbs per hole

Step 3. N/A

Step 4. 4 ft holes = 30 1lb blocks of TNT per hole5 ft holes = 1 cc & 1 pkg TNT per hole

Step 5. NF = L - 10

7110 - 10

716

Friendly side = 16 holes

Enemy side = 15 holes

15 x 30 1lb block of TNT = 450 1lb block of TNT

Step 6. Friendly = 16 x 1cc = 16cc

16 x 1 1lb block of TNT = 16 1lb blocks of TNT

TOTAL: 16cc and 466 1lb block of TNT

Enemy =

+ 1= + 1 = 15.28

BO4-DEMO

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