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Bluetooth Technology Who Am I? Tom Tirrell BSEE Computer Engineering, UofM Ann Arbor MSEE Computer Engineering/Communication Theory, Wayne State, Detroit Applications of computers in industry was my profession Networking computers is my hobby Email: tsquare11@att.net

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Bluetooth Technology History 10 th Century Danish King Harold Blatand (Bluetooth) 1942 The actress Hedy Lamarr invents spread spectrum frequency hopping 1994 Invention of Bluetooth technology 1998 Bluetooth SIG formed 1999 Bluetooth 1.0 Released 2005 Bluetooth 2.0 with Enhanced Data Rate (EDR) 2009 Bluetooth 3.0 with High Speed (HS) 2009 Bluetooth 4.0 low energy

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Bluetooth Technology Logo The logo is a bind rune merging the Old Norse Younger Futhark rune for Hagall or Harald meaning Hail and anglicized to Harold .. And the rune for Bjarkan, anglicized to Bluetooth Haralds initials.

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Bluetooth Technology Version 1 250 Kbps data transfer rate 10m range Suitable for voice transmission over cell phones

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Bluetooth Technology Version 2 + EDR 3 Mbps data transfer rate 10m range Suitable for high quality audio transmission

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Bluetooth Technology Version 3 +HS/EDR 24 Mbps data transfer rate 10m range Suitable for video data streaming Requires collocated WiFi link.

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Bluetooth Technology Version 4 +HS/EDR Simplified data stack Enables low energy communication powered by coin battery from small sensors. Incorporates the V3 +HS/EDR spec

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Bluetooth Technology Version 2.1 or 4.0 are most common Current active version is 4.2 HS, EDR, Encryption are optional Versions

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Bluetooth Technology Class 1: 100 Meter range, 100mW Class 2: 10 Meter range, 2.5mW Class 3: 1 Meter range, 1mW Classes

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Bluetooth Technology Use an external microphone/speaker to handle calls from you mobile phone. Only very short range is required Applications: Mobil Phones

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Bluetooth Technology Class 2 Bluetooth Radio Plays Audio from Bluetooth devices Clock Alarm/Radio Applications: Remote Speakers (AC Powered)

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Bluetooth Technology Targus TSA-34BT Class 2: 10 Meter range Unknown Version probably 2.1 Applications: Computer Speakers (Battery Powered)

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Bluetooth Technology Version 4.0 w/EDR Class 2: 10 Meter range Transmits from RCA or 3.5mm jacks Applications: Bluetooth Transmitter

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Bluetooth Technology Heart of the old system was an Onkyo Amplifier/Receiver. Applications: Home Theater

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Bluetooth Technology Rear View of Onkyo Amplifier/Receiver.

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Modern Home theater systems use a smart TV as the heart of the system

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Bluetooth Technology Leftover Equipment Applications: Home Theater

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Bluetooth Technology Floating temperature sensors 50 Meter range, Class ?? Bluetooth Smart (i.e. Version 4.2) Applications: Piconets

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Bluetooth Technology Wi-Fi is faster and longer range Wi-Fi has better security Bluetooth is simpler to connect Comparison with WiFi

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Wireless Router Security Wireless Modes 802.11 network standards 802.11 protocol Release [6] [6] Freq. (GHz) Bandwidth (MHz) Data rate Data rate per stream (Mbit/s) [7] [7] Allowable MIMO streams MIMO Modulation Approximate indoor range [citation needed]citation needed Approximate outdoor range [citation needed]citation needed (m)(ft)(m)(ft) Jun 19972.4201, 21DSSSDSSS, FHSSFHSS2066100330 aSep 1999 5 20 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 1OFDM 35115120390 3.7 [A] [A] 5,00016,000 [A] [A] bSep 19992.4205.5, 111DSSS35115140460 gJun 20032.420 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 54 1 OFDMOFDM, DSSS DSSS 38125140460 nOct 20092.4/5 20 7.2, 14.4, 21.7, 28.9, 43.3, 57.8, 65, 72.2 [B] [B] 4OFDM 70230250820 [8] [8] 40 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 135, 150 [B] [B] 70230250820 [8 [8

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Wireless Router Security 2.4 GHz Channels Spread Spectrum modulation causes the radio energy to spread across several channels. Due to the high frequency, short distance, this is usually not a problem You can select a set of non-overlapping channels when you have several routers The most common is channels 1, 6 and 11 as shown here. In North America, only channels 1-11 are used

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Technical Notes More noise, lower channel capacity More bandwidth, higher channel capacity Shannon Hartley Theorem

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Technical Notes Transmit across all channels in the Bandwidth Each channel is used only a short time Looks like a small increase in background noise Spread Spectrum

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Technical Notes Adaptive Frequency Hopping

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Technical Notes Using combinations of resistors, inductors and capacitors to design pass-band and pass-block filters Filter Design

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Technical Notes Bluetooth Protocol Stack Mandatory protocols for all Bluetooth stacks are: LMP, L2CAP and SDP.

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Technical Notes Pairing In Discoverable mode transmits Device Name Device Class List of Services Specifications (features, mfg., BT version, clock offset. Pairing may be w/o user interaction where the xmitter and receiver exchange unique keys. Usually this means that only one device can be paired at a time. User interaction to press a button, punch in a code or merely acknowledge that both devices display the same code can allow multiple devices to be paired. There are lots of diff. pairing methods.