Bluetooth: Technology for Short-Range Wireless Apps
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Transcript of Bluetooth: Technology for Short-Range Wireless Apps
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Bluetooth:Technology for Short-Range Wireless Apps
Author:Pravin Bhagwat
Presented by Chin-Yi Tsai
IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING MAY.JUNE 2001
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Outline Introduction to Bluetooth Bluetooth Specifications The Frequency Hopping technique Inquiry and Paging Piconets and Scatternets Bluetooth Applications Conclusions
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Introduction to Bluetooth Why Bluetooth? Bluetooth History Bluetooth Feature and motivation
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Why Bluetooth? 1010thth Century Denmark Century Denmark
KingKing King Harald united King Harald united
Denmark and Norway. Denmark and Norway. Bluetooth of today will Bluetooth of today will unite the world of unite the world of computers and telecomcomputers and telecom
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Bluetooth History The Bluetooth Special Interest
Group(SIG) Initially the group comprised five
companies-IBM,Intel,Ericsson,Nokia,Toshiba The end of 1999 this number had increased
to nine through the addition of 3Com, Motorola, Microsoft, Lucent
By December 2000 the Bluetooth SIG had over 2000 members
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Bluetooth feature and motivation Bluetooth feature
ISM 2.4 GHz Small Simple Low cost Low power Short range Voice and data Point-to-point and point-to-multipoint
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Bluetooth feature and motivation Bluetooth motivation
Started as cable replement technology
Connecting with different devices Mobile acces to LANs/Internet Personal Area Network(PAN) Automatic synchronization of data
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Bluetooth Specifications Core specification
The core specification defines all layers of the Bluetooth protocol stack
Profile specification Special protocol different device,OS, and application interoperability
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Bluetooth Specifications
Radio
Baseband/Link Controller
Link Manager
Host Controller Interface
L2CAP
TCS SDP
RFCOMM
Applications OBEX
WAP
AT Commands
The Bluetooth protocol stack
Bluetooth Module
Host
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Radio Frequncy
2.4000~2.4835 GHz(license-free) Power:there are three power class
1mW,2.5mW,100mW Modulation
GFSK
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Baseband Physical channel
Formed after connection Transmition type
SCO(cricuit switch):point-to-point,voice ACL(packet switch),point-to-multipoint, data
Error correction 1/3 FEC,2/3 FEC ,ARQ
Timer synchronization
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Baseband Link controller state
Standby Intermediate:inquiry,inquiry
scan,inquiry response,page,page scan,page response,master response
Connection:active,sniff,hold,park
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LMP Piconet management
Attach and detach slave SCO and ACL connection,management Switch role of master,slave Handling low power
Link configuration QoS
Security function Authication,encryption,link key
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Host Controller Interface Host control
Bluetooth module
Radio
Baseband
LMP
Host transport fireware
Transport Bus
Bluetooth HCI Transport Driver (USB,UART,RS232)
Bluetooth HCI Driver
Host dirver and applicaiton
HCI
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L2CAP Protocol multiplexing Segment and reassembly Negotiation
MTU(maximum transmission unit) Flush timeout QoS
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Others RFCOMM TCS WAP OBEX PPP
Radio
Baseband/Link Controller
Link ManagerHost Controller Interface
L2CAP
TCS SDP
RFCOMM
Applications OBEX
WAP
AT Commands
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Profile Specifications Generic access Service discovery Cordless telephone Intercom(Walkie-Talkie) Serial port Headset
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Profile Specifications Dial-up networking Fax LAN access Generic object exchange Object push File transfer Synchronization
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The Frequency Hopping technique
…1 79
1MHz
Divide Frequency band into 1 MHz hop channels Radio hops from one channel to another in a pseudo -random manner as dictated by a hop sequence Hopping sequence is different for each
piconet(master’s device address and clock) Hop rate:1600 time/second
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The Frequency Hopping technique
Master
Slave1
Slave2
Slave3
1 slot
f(2k)
f(2k+1)
f(2k+2)
f(2k+3)
f(2k+4)
f(2k+5)
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Inquiry and Paging
ConnectedPagingInquiry
The purpose of inquiry and paging Connection establishment
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Inquiry and PagingMaster Slave
Start inquiry
FHS PacketInquiry result
Inquiry complete
Inquiry scanID Packet with inquiry Access Code
Randome delaybefore response
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Inquiry and PagingMaster SlavePage Page Scan
Master PageResponse
Slave PageResponse
Connected Connected
Page packet
ID packet
FHS packet
ID packet
POLL
NULL
Uses FHS to getCAC and clk infoAssigns active
addr
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Piconets and Scatternets
Bluetooth unit can communicate with other units, by forming a piconet One unit of a piconet is
defined as the master (the unit that establishes the piconet), the others units are called slaves
One piconet consists of 1 master and up to 7 slaves
Master
Slave1
Slave1Slave1
Slave1
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Piconets and Scatternets A group of piconets in which
connections consists between different piconets is called a scatternet A unit cannot be the master in different
piconet, since the master determines the property of a piconet
A scatternet example
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Bluetooth Applications Three-in-one Phone Ultimate Headset Automatic Synchronizer Internet Bridge Interactive Conderence Indoor positioning
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Conclusions Bluetooth eliminates the need for numerous
and inconvenient cable attachments for devices
Bluetooth enables the design of low-power, small-sized, low-cost radios that can be embedded in existing (portable) devices
The Bluetooth technology will be built into hundreds of millions of electronic devices in 2005
Commpared with 802.11 and HomeRF
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Transmition type
Master
Slave1
Slave2
Slave3
SCO SCO SCOACL ACL