bls_2025-75_1978.pdf

^ . 3 ;

Area Sacramento, California,Wage Metropolitan AreaSurvey December 1978Bulletin 2025-75

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Preface

This bulletin p rovides results of a D ecem ber 1978 survey of occupational earnings in the Sacramento, Ca li fo rn ia , Standard Metropolitan S ta t is t ica l A rea . The survey was made as part o f the Bureau of Labor Statist ics ' annual area wage survey p rogram . It was conducted by the Bureau 's r e gional o f f ice in San F ran c isco , Cali f . , under the genera l d irect ion of Susan Holland, Ass is tant Regional C om m iss ioner f o r Operations. The survey could not have been accom plished without the cooperation of the many f i rm s whose wage and sa la ry data provided the basis fo r the s tatistica l in form ation in t h i s bulletin. The Bureau wishes to express s incere appreciation for the cooperation rece ived .

M a te r ia l in this publication is in the public domain and m ay be reproduced without p e rm iss ion of the F ed e ra l Government. P le a s e c red it

the Bureau of Labor Statistics and cite the name and number of this publication.

Note:Ava ilab le fo r the Sacramento area a re l is t ings o f union wage rates

fo r building trades, printing trades , lo ca l - t ra n s i t operating em ployees , lo ca l truckdr ivers and helpers, and g r o c e r y s to re em ployees . F r e e copies o f these are available f ro m the Bureau 's reg ion a l o f f ices . (See back cove r for addresses . )


AreaWageSurveyU.S. Department of Labor Ray Marshall, Secretary

Bureau of Labor Statistics Janet L. Norwood Commissioner

June 1979

Bulletin 2025-75

For sal* by tha Superintendent of Documents, U S . Government Printing Office, W ashington.D C 20402. G P O Bookstores, or B LS Regional Offices listed on back cover. Price $ 1 00 Make checks paysble to Superintendent of Documents.

Sacramento, California, Metropolitan Area December 1978Contents Page Page

In troduction____________________________________________ 2 Appendix A . Scope and method of s u r v e y _________ 11Appendix B. Occupational desc r ip t ion s____________ 14

T ablest

A. Earnings, all establishments:A - l . W eek ly earnings o f o f f ic e w o rk e rs__ 3A -2 . W eek ly earnings o f p ro fess iona l

and technical w o r k e r s _______________ 5A - 3. A v e ra ge w eek ly earnings of

o f f ice , p ro fess iona l, andtechnical w o rkers , by s e x __________ 6

A - 4. Hourly earnings o f maintenance, too lroom , and powerplantw o rk e rs________________________________ 7

A - 5. Hourly earnings o f m a te r ia lm ovem ent and custodial w o rk e rs__ 8

A - 6. A ve ra ge hourly earnings o fmaintenance, too lroom , powerplant, m a te r ia l m ovement, andcustodial w o rkers , by s e x __________ 9

A - 7. P e rcen t increases in average hourly earnings, adjusted fo r employment shifts, fo r se lec ted occupational g rou ps__________________ 10


Introduction

Th is a rea is 1 o f 75 in which the U.S. Department o f L a b o r 's Bureau o f Labor Statistics conducts surveys o f occupational earnings and rela ted benefits . (See l is t o f areas on inside back c o v e r . ) In each area , occupational earnings data (A - s e r i e s tab les ) are co l le c ted annually. In form ation on es tablishment p ra c t ice s and supplementary wage benefits (B - s e r ie s tab les ) is obtained e v e r y th ird yea r . This report has no B - s e r ie s tables.

Each y ea r a fte r a l l individual a rea wage surveys have been com pleted, two sum m ary bulletins are issued. The f i r s t brings toge ther data fo r each m etropo litan a rea surveyed; the second presents national and reg ional es t im a tes , p ro jec ted f r o m individual m etropo litan a rea data, fo r a l l Standard M etropo litan Statis t ica l A reas in the United States, excluding A laska and Hawaii.

A m a jo r consideration in the a rea wage su rvey p ro g ra m is the need to descr ibe the le v e l and m ovem ent o f wages in a va r ie t y o f labor m arkets , through the analysis o f ( 1) the le v e l and distribution o f wages by occupation, and (2) the m ovem ent o f wages by occupational ca tegory and sk il l le v e l . The p ro gram develops in form ation that m ay be used fo r many purposes , including wage and sa la ry administration, co l le c t iv e barga in ing, and assistance in determ ining plant location. Survey results also are used by the U.S. D epartment of Lab o r to make wagd determ inations under the S e rv ice Contract Act o f 1965.

A - s e r ie s tables

Tables A - l through A -6 prov ide es t im ates o f s tra igh t-t im e week ly o r hourly earnings fo r w orkers in occupations common to a v a r ie ty of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industr ies . F o r the 31 la rges t survey a reas , tables A -8 through A - 13 prov ide s im i la r data fo r establishments employing 500 w orkers o r m ore .

Table A - 7 provides percent changes in ave rage hourly earnings of o f f ic e c le r ic a l w o rkers , e lec t ron ic data p rocess ing w o rk e rs , industria l nurses, skil led maintenance trades w o rk e rs , and unskilled plant w o rkers . Where possib le, data are presented fo r a l l industries and fo r m anufacturing and nonmanufacturing separately . Data are not presented fo r sk il led maintenance workers in nonmanufacturing because the number of w orkers em ployed in this occupational group in nonmanufacturing is too sm a ll to warrant separate presentation. This table prov ides a m easu re of wage trends a fte r e linimation of changes in average earnings caused by em p loy ment shifts among establishments as w e l l as tu rnover of establishments included in survey samples. F o r further deta i ls , see appendix A.

Appendixes

Appendix A descr ibes the methods and concepts used in the a rea wage survey p rogram and provides in form ation on the scope of the survey.

Appendix B provides job descr ip t ions used by Bureau f ie ld econom ists to c lass i fy w orkers by occupation.


A . E a r n i n g s

Table A-1. W eekly earnings of office workers in Sacram ento, Calif., December 1978

O c c u p a t i o n a nd i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Average weekly houn1

(itandard) Mean2

Weekly earnings (standard)

Median 2

Number of workers receiv ing straight-tim e weekly earnings of—

100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 2 00 210 220 230

andunder

110 120 130 140 150 160 170 1 80 1 90 200 2 10 220 2 30 240

240 260 2 80 300 320 340 360

260 280 3 00 320 340 360 380

ALL WORKERS

S E C R E T A R I E S ----------------------------------------------------------------M A N U F A C TU R IN G -------------------------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -----------------------------------

S E C R E T A R I E S . C L A S S B --------------------------------NON M A N U FA C TU R IN C -----------------------------------------

S E C R E T A R I E S . C L A S S C --------------------------------NONMANUE A C T U R I N 6 -----------------------------------------


S E C R E T A R I E S . C L A S S D --------------------------------M A NU F A C TU R IN G -------------------------------------------------NONMANUF A C T U R I N C ----------------------------------------

S TE N O G R A P H E R S ----------------------------------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R IN G -------------------------------------------------N O NM ANUE ACTU RING --------------------------------- -------


S T E N O G R A P H E R S . GE NERAL --------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------------

S T E N O G R A P H E R S . S E N I O R -----------------------------

T Y P I S T S ---------------------------------------------------------------------------N O NM A N U FA C TU R IN G ----------------------------------------

T Y P I S T S . C L A S S A -------------------------------------------NO NM AN UF ACTUR IN G ----------------------------------------

T Y P I S T S . C L A S S B -------------------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------------

F I L E C L E R K S ---------------------------------------------------------------NON M A N U FA C TU R IN G ----------------------------------------

F I L E C L E R K S . C L A S S B -------------------------------NON M A N U FA C TU R IN G ---------------------------------------

SW IT CH BO AR D O P E RAT O RS ----------------------------------NO NM AN UF ACTU R IN G ----------------------------------------

SW IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T I O N I S T S N O NM A NUF ACTU RIN G ---------------------------------------

ORDER C L E R K S -----------------------------------------------------------M A NU F A C TU R IN G ------------------------------------------------

ORDER C L E R K S . C L A S S A ----------------------------

357101256

42

81

1 35 60 75

87325527

6035

280 2 32

148146

13286

67

108

10986

3 9 . 5 3 9 . 54 0 . 04 0 . 0

2 5 0 . 0 02 6 1 . 0 0

4 5 . 5 03 0 4 . 5 0

3 9 . 5 2 5 7 . 0 03 9 . 5 2 4 8 . 0 0

4 0 . 0 4 0 . 04 0 . 0

4 0 . 04 0 . 0 4 0 . 0

3 9 . 5 3 9 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 0

3 9 . 5

2 6 6 . 5 02 6 3 . 0 03 0 1 . 5 0

2 4 5 . 5 02 5 8 . 5 02 3 5 . 5 0

2 3 8 . 0 02 3 2 . 5 02 4 1 . 0 02 7 7 . 5 0

2 4 2 . 5 02 6 7 . 0 02 3 5 . 0 02 9 7 . 0 0

2 4 2 . 0 02 3 7 . 0 0

2 6 8 . 5 02 6 3 . 5 02 9 7 . 0 0

2 4 2 . 5 02 6 4 . 5 02 3 5 . 0 0

2 4 7 . 5 02 0 3 . 5 02 4 7 . 5 02 7 8 . 0 0

2 0 7 . 0 0 - 2 8 5 . 5 02 2 9 . 0 0 - 2 9 1 . 0 02 0 4 . 5 0 - 2 8 4 . 0 02 8 5 . 5 0 - 3 1 8 . 5 0

2 2 2 . 0 0 - 2 9 1 . 5 02 1 4 . 5 0 - 2 8 3 . 0 0

2 2 7 . 0 0 - 2 9 9 . 0 02 1 4 . 0 0 - 2 9 7 . 0 02 8 5 . 5 0 - 3 1 8 . 5 0

1 9 9 . 0 0 - 2 8 0 . 0 02 3 1 . 0 0 - 2 8 2 . 5 01 8 3 . 0 0 - 2 7 6 . 5 0

1 9 0 . 5 0 - 2 7 8 . 0 01 8 2 . 5 0 - 2 67.2 2 5 . 0 0 - 2 7 8 . 0 02 5 6 . 5 0 - 2 8 6 . 0 0

2 38.2 37 .

1 86 .1 75.

188.189.

1 8 4 .1 5 3 .

136.134,

135.135.

160.156.

185.179.

220,261.

50 250.256.

168.155.

178.178.

1 5 5 .1 37 .

126.126.

1 2 2 .1 2 2 .

158.158.

1 78.178.

206.294.

00 2 0 3 .2 3 2 .

5 0 - 2 7 8 . 0 05 0 - 2 7 8 . 0 0

1 8 1 . 0 0 - 2 7 6 . 5 0

1 44.1 38.

1 52 . 1 52.

137136

1 1 6 .1 1 6 .

116116

112 .1 1 2 .

1 3 8 .1 38 .

2 0 5 .2 2 5 .

0 0 - 2 3 0 . 0 00 0 - 2 1 9 . 5 0

0 0 - 2 3 0 . 0 00 0 - 2 3 0 . 0 0

. 0 0 - 2 0 6 . 5 0, 0 0 - 1 5 5 . 5 0

5 0 - 1 3 8 . 0 05 0 - 1 2 6 . 5 0

. 5 0 - 1 3 2 . 5 0, 5 0 - 1 3 2 . 5 0

0 0 - 1 9 5 . 0 00 0 - 1 8 4 . 0 0

0 0 - 1 9 2 . 0 00 0 - 1 8 4 . 0 0

0 0 - 2 4 1 . 0 05 0 - 3 0 0 . 5 0

2 2 2 . 0 0 - 2 3 0 . 0 0

2020

2828

3232

2222

21 247 10

14 14

243

21

1010

4040

2117

1717

1 1 1 1

3

20

1313

2525

2115

142

3210

1110

161

158

3030

248

2518

62243815

129

2020

2810

See footnotes at end o f tables.

3Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Sacramento, Calif., December 1978— Continued

O c c u p a t i o n a nd i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

AL L WORKERS—C O N T I N U E D

ORDER CL ERKS - C O N T I N U E D

ORDER C L E R K S t C L ASS B ------------------------------

A C CO U NT I NG CL E RKS -----------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------NONM ANUF A C T U R I N E ------------------------------------------

A C CO U NT I NG C L E R K S . C L A S S A ----------------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------------

A C CO U NT I NG C L E R K S . C L A S S R ----------------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------------------

P AYROL L CL E RKS --------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------------------

KEY E N T R Y OPE RAT ORS ------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------------------

KEY E NT RY O P E R A T O R S . C L A S S A ----------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------------------

KEY E NT RY O P E R A T O R S . C L A S S B ----------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------------------

Number o f w orkers receiv ing straight-tim e weekly earnings of—

N tuu Average s S s s ■*. S s*. S S s % % % s * . > % s s s S s s

of weekly 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 2 60 2 80 300 320 340 360worken hour!1

(itandard) Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2 andunder

110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 2 30 2 40 260 280 3 00 320 340 360 380

$ $ $ $109

OO

2 1 6 . 0 0 2 0 5 . 0 0 1 6 7 . 0 0 - 2 9 4 . 5 0 - ~ 13 2 1 12 “ 2 1 36 12 - - 14 16 - -

670 3 9 . 5 2 0 2 . 5 0 1 9 5 . 5 0 1 6 8 . 0 0 - 2 2 7 . 5 0 _ 1 8 31 50 23 78 72 50 52 43 68 31 17 70 24 10 30 3 9 _109 4 0 . 0 2 4 9 . 5 0 2 3 0 . 0 0 2 0 2 . 5 0 - 3 0 4 . 0 0 - ~ - - 3 - 5 3 13 1 18 2 3 6 7 1 - 30 3 9 -

566 3 9 . 5 1 9 4 . 0 0 1 8 4 . 0 0 1 6 8 . 0 0 - 2 1 8 . 5 0 - 1 8 31 47 23 73 69 37 51 25 66 28 11 63 23 10 - - - -

259 3 9 . 5 2 1 6 . 0 0 2 0 7 . 0 0 1 7 7 . 0 0 - 2 4 0 . 5 0 - - - 7 15 8 21 25 18 16 23 31 23 7 9 24 2 1 8 3 9 _

62 4 0 . 0 2 7 3 . 0 0 2 6 1 . 5 0 2 2 1 . 0 0 - 3 1 4 . 5 0 14 1 3 6 7 1 - 18 3 9 _

197 3 9 . 0 1 9 8 . 0 0 1 9 5 . 5 0 1 6 8 . 0 0 - 2 1 8 . 5 0 - - - 7 15 8 21 25 18 16 9 30 20 i 2 23 2 - - - _

30 4 0 . 0 2 2 5 . 0 0 2 4 4 . 0 0 1 7 4 . 5 0 - 2 6 4 . 0 0 - - - - - - 9 3 - - - 3 - - 15 - - - - -

387 4 0 . 0 1 9 4 . 5 0 1 8 4 . 0 0 1 6 1 . 0 0 - 2 2 3 . 5 0 _ 1 8 24 35 15 49 47 28 33 16 34 6 10 61 _ 8 12 _ _ _

92 4 0 . 0 2 1 4 . 5 0 1 9 0 . 0 0 1 7 9 . 0 0 - 3 0 0 . 5 0 - - - - 3 - 5 3 13 1 4 1 - - - - - 1 2 - - _

345 4 0 . 0 1 9 2 . 5 0 1 8 4 . 0 0 1 6 0 . 0 0 - 2 1 9 . 5 0 - 1 8 24 32 15 44 44 15 32 1 2 33 6 10 61 - 8 - - - -

71 4 0 . 0 2 1 9 . 0 0 2 0 1 . 5 0 1 8 5 . 0 0 - 2 2 6 . 5 0 - - - 2 1 1 3 2 12 14 11 4 4 2 2 5 _ _ _ 6 252 3 9 . 5 2 1 6 . 5 0 1 9 5 . 5 0 1 8 4 . 0 0 - 2 2 9 . 5 0 - - - 2 1 1 2 2 10 9 6 4 2 1 2 5 - - - 3 2

340 4 0 . 0 1 8 2 . 0 0 1 6 8 . 0 0 1 3 8 . 0 0 - 2 0 9 . 0 0 - 31 23 44 12 10 59 13 37 23 3 14 3 2 1 47 14 4 _ _ _32 3 9 . 5 2 1 4 . 0 0 1 9 5 . 5 0 1 7 9 . 0 0 - 2 7 6 . 0 0 - - - - 1 2 3 5 4 3 1 2 1 1 - 5 - 4 - - -

308 4 0 . 0 1 7 8 . 5 0 1 6 2 . 0 0 1 3 8 . 0 0 - 1 9 9 . 0 0 - 31 23 44 1 1 8 56 8 33 20 2 12 2 1 1 42 14 - - - -

1 34 3 9 . 5 2 2 6 . 0 0 2 1 7 . 5 0 1 8 4 . 5 0 - 2 6 4 . 0 0 _ _ - - 1 _ 15 4 19 20 - 13 2 1 1 45 9 4 _ _ _110 3 9 . 5 2 2 6 . 0 0 2 1 8 . 5 0 1 8 5 . 0 0 - 2 6 4 . 0 0 - - - - 1 - 12 i 16 17 - 11 1 1 1 40 9 - - - -

206 4 0 . 0 1 5 3 . 0 0 1 4 4 . 0 0 1 2 7 . 5 0 - 1 6 7 . 0 0 - 31 23 44 11 10 44 9 18 3 3 1 l 1 - 2 5 _ _ _ _198 4 0 . 0 1 5 2 . 0 0 1 4 2 . 0 0 1 2 6 . 5 0 - 1 6 3 . 0 0 - 31 23 44 10 8 44 7 17 3 2 1 1 - - 2 5 - - - -

See footnotes at end of tables.


Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Sacramento, Calif., December 1978

Occupation and industry d iv is ion

Weekly earnings1 Number o f workers rece iv in g straight-tim e weekly earnings of—

Numberof

workers

Average % S $ s s S s S s % % s S s s s s S % Sweekly 170 180 190 200 210 2 20 230 240 250 260 270 280 300 3 20 340 3 60 380 400 420 440hours1

(standard) Mean2 Median 2 Middle range 2 Under . j and170 und e r

and

180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 2 70 280 300 320 340 360 3 80 400 420 440 over

s $ $ $

25 3 9 . 0 3 8 3 . 5 0 38 2 . 5 0 3 3 4 . 0 0 - 4 0 6 . 0 0 1 - 9 1 - 7 2 i *4

46 3 9 . 5 3 0 8 . 5 0 2 9 9 . 5 0 2 6 0 . 5 0 - 3 5 0 . 0 0 - - - - - 2 - 6 4 1 3 7 4 3 8 5 1 1 1 -

31 3 9 . 5 3 0 1 . 5 0 2 9 5 . 5 0 2 5 6 . 5 0 - 3 4 7 . 0 0 6 3 - 1 7 3 1 7 3 - - - -

1 14 3 9 . 5 2 1 4 . 0 0 2 0 5 . 0 0 1 8 4 . 0 0 - 2 4 6 . 0 3 7 7 17 10 32 7 2 1 12 _ 9 5 3 1 - - 1 - - - -

98 3 9 . 5 2 0 7 . 0 0 2 0 2 . 5 0 1 8 4 . 0 0 - 2 1 4 . 5 0 7 5 17 10 32 7 1 9 - 7 1 1 1 “ “

45 3 9 . 5 2 1 2 . 5 0 1 9 9 . 0 0 1 8 4 . 0 0 - 2 4 6 . 5 0 4 3 6 10 1 6 1 1 8 - 2 3

47 4 0 . 0 1 9 3 . 0 0 2 0 2 . 5 0 1 8 4 . 0 0 - 2 0 5 . 0 0 3 4 i i _ 29 -

45 4 0 . 0 1 9 4 . 0 0 2 0 2 . 5 0 1 8 4 . 0 0 - 2 0 5 . 0 0 3 2 i i - 29 “

96 O o 2 9 0 . 5 0 3 0 0 . 0 0 2 3 4 . 0 0 - 3 4 1 . 0 3 2 4 - 9 i 1 9 7 1 4 5 5 8 12 11 10 6 1 - -

A LL WORKERS

CO MP UTE R S YS TE M S A N A L Y S T S ( B U S I N E S S ) --------------------------------------

COMPU TE R PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) --------

COMPU TE R PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) . C L A S S B ----------------------------------------------------------------

COMPUTE R OP E R ATO R S - NONHANUF A C T U R IN G

COM PU TE R O P E R A T O R S . C L A S S 8

COM PU TE R O P E R A T O R S . C L A S S C NO NM AN UF ACTUR IN G ---------------------------

* W orkers w ere distributed as fo llow s: 1 at $440 to $460; and 3 at $520 to $540.



Table A -3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex,in Sacramento, Calif., December 1978

Sex , 5 o c c u p a t i o n , a nd i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o rNumber

ofworkers

Average(mean'*)

Weeklyhours

(standard)

Weeklyearnings1(standard)

$3 9 . 5 2 5 0 . 0 03 9 . 5 2 6 1 . 0 04 0 . 0 2 4 5 . 5 04 0 . 0 3 0 4 . 5 0

3 9 . 5 2 5 7 . 0 03 9 . 5 2 4 8 . 0 0

4 0 . 0 2 6 6 . 5 04 0 . 0 2 6 3 . 0 04 0 . 0 3 0 1 . 5 0

4 0 . 0 2 4 5 . 5 04 0 . 0 2 5 8 . 5 04 0 . 0 2 3 5 . 5 0

3 9 . 5 2 3 8 . 0 03 9 . 0 2 3 2 . 5 04 0 . 0 2 4 1 . 0 04 0 . 0 2 7 7 . 5 0

3 9 . 5 2 3 8 . 5 04 0 . 0 2 3 7 . 0 0

oo

2 3 6 . 5 0

3 9 . 5 1 8 6 . 5 03 9 . 5 1 7 5 . 5 0

4 0 . 0 1 8 8 . 5 04 0 . 0 1 8 9 . 0 0

3 9 . 5 1 8 4 . 5 03 9 . 5 1 5 3 . 0 0

Se x , 3 o c c u p a t i o n , a nd i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o nNumber

ofworkers

Average(mean2)

Weeklyhours'

(standard)

Weekly earnings 1 (standard)

Se x , 3 o c c u pa ti o n , a nd i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o nNumber

ofworkers

Average(mean2)

Weeklyhours1

standard)

Weeklyearnings3(standard)

O F F I C E O C C U P A T I O N S - WOMEN

S E C R E T A R I E S --------------------------------------------------MA NUF ACT URI NG ------------------------------------NONMANUF A C T U R I N 6 ----------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ----------------------

S E C R E T A R I E S . C L A S S B -------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------

S E C R E T A R I E S . C L A S S C -------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------


S E C R E T A R I E S . C L A S S 0 -------------------MA NUF AC T URI NG ------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------

S T ENOGRAPHE RS ---------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG ------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------


S T E N O G R A P H E R S . GENERAL -------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------

ST E N O G R A P H E R S. SE N I O R ----------------

T Y P I S T S --------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------

T Y P I S T S . C L ASS A ------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------

T Y P I S T S . CL AS S B ------------------------------NONMANUF A C T U R I N 6 ----------------------------

357 101 2 56

42

81

867033

1356075

873255

280 2 32

148146

O F F I C E O C C U P A T I O N S - WOMEN— C O N T I N U E D

F I L E C L E R K S ---------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------------------

F I L E C L E R K S . C L AS S B -------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------------------

SWI T CHBOARD OPE RAT ORS ----------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------------------

SWI T CHBOARD OPERA T O R - R E C E P T I O N I S T S NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------------------

ORDER C L E R K S ------------------------------------------------------------m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------

ORDER C L E R K S . CL ASS B -----------------------------

A C C O U NT I N G CL E RKS ----------------------------------------------MA NUF AC T URI NG -------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------------------

A C C O U N T I N G C L E R K S . C L A S S A --------------MA NUF ACT URI NG -------------------------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------------


A C C O U N T I N G C L E R K S . C L A S S B ---------------MA NU F A C T U RI NG -------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG -----------------------------------------

PAY ROL L C L E RKS -------------------------------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------------------------

10089

10986

6 1998

521

19030

37342

331

3 9 . 5 4 0 . 03 9 . 5

136 .134.

1 3 5 .135.

159,154,

185,179,

220.2 6 0 .

202 ,243 .194.

2 14 .2 6 5 .198 .2 2 5 .

1 94 .2 1 4 .1 91 .

2 2 2 .2 2 0 .

O F F I C E O C C U P A T I O N S - WOMEN— C O N T I N U E D

KEY E N T RY O P E R A T O R S : MANUF ACT URI NG ---------

KEY E NT RY O P E R A T O R S . C L A S S A NONMANUFACT URI N G ------------------------------

P R O F E S S I O N A L AND T E C H N I C A L O C C U P A T I O N S - MEN

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) --------

COMPUTER OP E RAT O RS - NONMANUFACT URI NG

COMPUTER O P E R A T O R S . C L A S S B

DRA F T E RS -----------------------------------------------------------

E L E C T R O N I C S T E C H N I C I A N S ----------------

P R O F E S S I O N A L AND T E C H N I C A L O C C U P A T I O N S - WOMEN

COMPUTER OP E RAT O RS - NONMANUFACT URI NG

131107

6958

37

8 8

3 30

3 9 . 53 9 . 5

3 9 . 53 9 . 5

3 9 . 0

4 0 . 0

4 0 . 0

4 0 . 04 0 . 0

2 2 7 . 0 02 2 7 . 0 0

2 1 9 . 0 02 0 9 . 0 0

2 1 5 . 0 0

2 9 4 . 5 0

3 4 8 . 0 0

2 0 6 . 0 02 0 3 . 5 0

COMPUTER O P E R A T O R S . C L A S S C



Table A -4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant workers in Sacramento, Calif., December 1978Hourly earnings * Number o f workers rece iv in g straight-tim e hourly earnings of—

Occupation and industry divis ionM ean 2 Middle range 2

ALL WORKERS

m a i n t e n a n c e c a r p e n t e r s -----------------------------

MA I N T E NA N C E e l e c t r i c i a n s -----------------------MA NU F A C T U RI NG ----------------------------------------------

MA I N T E NA N C E ME C HA NI C S ( M A C H I N E R Y ) MA NU F A C T U RI NG ----------------------------------------------

1 27 103

192172

8 . 5 18 . 4 3

8 . 1 48 . 1 1

8 . 398 . 21

8 . 21 8 . 21

7 . 6 9 - 8 . 2 4

7 . 9 1 -7 . 5 0 -

8 . 4 58 . 4 5

7 . 9 9 - 8 . 2 6 7 . 8 6 - 8 . 2 1

M A I N T E N A N C E MECHANI CS( MOTOR V E H I C L E S ) --------

MANU F A C T U R I NG -----------NONMANUF A C T U R I N G —

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S

19456

138100

9 . 6 1 9 . 7 4 9 . 4 3 9 . 6 4 9 . 6 C 1 0 . 3 2 9 . 5 3 1 0 . 3 3

8 . 3 0 - 1 0 . 3 3 8 . 2 4 - 1 0 . 6 4 8 . 6 0 - 1 0 . 3 38 . 3 0 - 1 0 . 3 3

S T A T I O N A R Y E N G I N E E R SMA NU F A C T U R I NG --------NONMANUF A C T U R I N G

1138726

9 . 5 0 1 0 . 7 9 9 . 8 2 1 0 . 7 9 8 . 4 1 7 . 9 7

8 . 2 1 - 1 0 . 7 9 8 . 2 7 - 1 0 . 7 9 7 . 5 9 - 1 0 . 4 1

5

*5

s $ s s s 5 * 4 4 ! * % 4 s 4 s s S 4 --------5-------- 1 -------

6 . 5 0 6 . 6 0 6 . 7 0 6 . 8 0 6 . 9 0 7 . 0 0 7 . 2 0 7 . 4 0 7 . 6 0 1 . 8 0 8 . 0 0 8 . 2 0 8 . 4 0 8 . 6 0 8 . 8 0 9 . 0 0 9 . 2 0 9 . 4 0 9 . 8 0 1 0 . 2 0 1 0 . 6 0 1 1 . 0 0

andunder

and

6 . 6 0 6 . 7 0 6 . 8 0 6 . 9 0 7 . 0 0 7 . 2 0 7 . 4 0 7 . 6 0 7 . 8 0 8 . 0 0 8 . 2 0 8 . 4 0 8 . 6 0 8 . 8 0 9 . 0 0 9 . 2 0 9 . 4 0 9 . 8 0 1 0 . 2 0 1 0 .

Oooo over

14 3 1 2 5 i

- - - - - 1 6 6 6 - 5 - 4 6 19 _ _ _ 8 4 8 5 4“ - 1 6 6 6 5 3 0 19 - - - 8 4 - 5 4

- _ _ - _ 12 15 8 8 2 6 - 9 5 _ _ 16 _ 1 2 _ _ _ _

“ ” ~ “ ~ 1 2 15 8 8 2 6 7 5 16 “ 1 2 “

_ _ - _ _ 5 _ _ 5 1 _ 4 1 3 _ 11 1 3 19 6 7 1 6 1 3- - - 1 - - 5 1 11 - - ~ - 4 16 - 1 6 2- - - - 4 - - - - 3 0 - 3 - 11 9 3 - 6 7 11

3 0 3 - 11 - - 5 6

_ _ _ _ _ _ 11 5 _ 4 3 1 2 _ _ _ _ 2 12 _ 5 9 _

- - - - - 11 - - 1 2 - - - 12 5 2 -5 4 3 2 7

* W orkers w ere distributed as fo llow s: 4 at $6 to $6.10; and 1 at $6.20 to $6.30.



Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers in Sacramento, Calif., December 1978

O c c u p a t io n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Hourly earnings 4

Numberof

workers Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2

1 . 1 0 2$8 . 7 2

$8 . 84

$7 . 2 3 -

$9 . 6 6

317 8 . 2 1 8 . 6 5 7 . 2 3 - 8 . 6 5785 8 . 9 2 9 . 54 7 . 2 1 - 1 0 . 0 5383 8 . 5 4 9 . 5 4 7 . 0 0 - 9 . 6 6

31 6 . 0 5 6 . 1 5 5 . 5 7 - 7 . 0 2

183 7 . 9 9 8 . 55 7 . 2 1 - 8 . 8 4111 7 . 9 4 8 . 84 7 . 2 1 - 8 . 8 4

192 7 . 7 7 7 . 0 0 7 . 0 0 - 8 . 6 5

6 34 9 . 33 9 . 6 6 8 . 6 5 - 1 0 . 0 5140 8 . 3 1 8 . 6 5 7 . 3 4 - 8 . 6 5494 9 . 6 2 9 . 6 6 8 . 9 6 - 1 0 . 8 1

45 7 . 8 1 8 . 15 6 . 6 8 - 8 . 19

83 7 . 2 6 7 . 6 3 6 . 4 2 - 8 . 1 973 7 . 29 7 . 6 3 6 . 4 2 - 8 . 19

49 7 . 4 9 7 . 2 3 6 . 7 3 - 8 . 4 5

400 7 . 4 4 7 . 8 1 6 . 7 4 - 8. 19144 6 . 9 3 6 . 7 4 5 . 9 2 - 8 . 1 7256 7 . 7 2 8 . 19 7 . 6 3 - 8 . 1 9

352 6 . 7 5 6 . 4 5 4 . 9 2 - 8 . 55180 5 . 8 4 5 . 0 5 4 . 7 7 - 6 . 6 21 72 7 . 7 0 6 . 45 6 . 4 5 - 9 . 7 6

6 22 7 . 24 6 . 96 6 . 3 1 - 7 . 9 2437 6 . 5 1 6 . 52 6 . 0 9 - 6 . 9 6185 8 . 9 9 9 . 24 8 . 2 0 - 9 . 66

71 8 . 9 5 9 . 66 7 . 5 8 - 9 . 6 6

86 6 . 3 3 6 . 30 5 . 5 8 - 7 . 0 0

35 6 . 4 6 8 . 14 4 . 5 3 - 8. 14

84 6 . 3 2 6 . 30 5 . 5 8 - 7 . 0 0

840 4 . 7 7 4 . 50 4 . 5 0 - 5. 37141 6 . 26 5 . 7 6 5 . 7 6 - 6 . 6 26 99 4 . 4 7 4 . 50 4 . 5 0 - 4 . 8 0

Unders3 . 2 0

Number o f workers rece iv in g straight-tim e hourly earnings o f—

3 . 2 0 3 . 4 0 3 . 6 0 3 . 8 0 4 . 0 0

andunder

3 . 4 0 3 . 6 0 3 . 8 0 4 . 0 0 4 . 2 0

4 . 2 0 4 . 6 0 8 . 0 0 5 . 4 0 5 . 8 0 6 . 2 0 6 . 6 0 7 . 0 0 7 . 4 0 7 . 8 0 8 . 2 0 8 . 6 0 9 . 0 0 0 . 4 0 9 . 8 0 1 0 . 2 0 1 0 . 6 0

4 . 6 0 5 . 0 0 5 . 4 0 5 . 8 0 6 , 2 0 6 . 6 0 7 . 0 0 7 . 4 0 7 . 8 0 8 . 2 0 8 . 6 0 9 . 0 0 9 . 4 0 9 . 8 0 1 0 . 2 0 1 0 . 6 0 1 1 . 0 0

ALL WORKERS

TR U C KO R IV E R S --------------------------------------------------------------MANUFA CTU RI NG --------------------------------------------------NONMA NUFAC TUR ING ------------------------------------------


T R U C K 0 R I V E R S . L I G H T TRUCK -------------------

T R U C K D R I V E R S . MEDIUM TRUCK ----------------NONMANUFAC TUR ING ------------------------------------------

T R U C K D R I V E R S . H EAV Y TRUCK -------------------

T R U C K O R I V E R S . T R A C T O R - T R A I L E R --------MANUFA CTU RI NG --------------------------------------------------NONHA NUFACTU RI NG ------------------------------------------

S H IP P E R S -------------------------------------------------------------------------

R E C E IV E R S ----------------------------------------------------------------------NONHA NUFACTU RI NG ------------------------------------------

S H IP P E R S AND R E C E I V E R S ---------------------------------

WAREHOUSEMEN --------------------------------------------------------------MANUFA CTU RI NG --------------------------------------------------NONHA NUFACTU RI NG ------------------------------------------

M A T E R IA L HA ND LIN G L A B O R E R S ----------------------MANU FACTUR ING --------------------------------------------------NON M ANUFAC TUR IN6 ------------------------------------------

F O R K L I F T OP E RATOR S --------------------------------------------MANU FA CTUR ING --------------------------------------------------NONMA NUFAC TUR ING ------------------------------------------


g u a r d s :M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------------------------------------

G U A R D S . C L AS S A -----------------------------------------------

G U ARDS, C L AS SMA NUF ACTUR ING --------------------------------------------------

J A N I T O R S . P O R T E R S . AND C L E A NE R S -------MANU FA CTURI NG --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFAC TURIN G ------------------------------------------

- 4 - - - - 2 12 2 14 26 i i 29 200 15 34 37 249 240 79 - 148- - - - - - ~ 12 2 - 26 i 29 20 - - 36 153 20 - - 1 8- 4 - - - - 2 - - 14 - 10 - 180 15 34 1 96 220 79 - 130

160 3 - - - 220 - - -

- - - - - - - 6 - 5 11 - - 9

- 4 - _ - - - 6 2 9 4 10 _ 21 2 - 37 68 20 - - -4 - “ - - 9 - 10 - 21 2 - 1 44 20 - - -

i i - - 117 - - - 38 8 - - 1 8

- - - - - - 2 - - - - 1 29 43 1 3 22 _ 143 172 79 - 130- - - - - - - - - - 1 29 7 - - - 91 12 - -- “ 2 - - “ - - - 36 13 22 - 52 160 79 - 130

3 1 8 - 4 1 9 5 3 2 - - - -

- - - 1 - - - - 3 3 31 - 3 4 3 3 3 - 2 _ _ _ -

“ “ 1 “ - ~ - 3 1 2 6 3 4 3 3 - - 2 - - - -

1 1 4 16 - 5 10 3 - - - - -

_ _ _ 2 _ _ _ 1 5 31 12 31 20 20 4 9 1 9 7 8 1 5 _ _ _ _ _

2 7 12 30 14 20 - 18 8 1 5 - - - - -

“ 2 1 5 4 1 6 - 4 9 1 7 9 - - - - - - -

2 - _ _ 2 2 8 4 10 - 3 0 8 9 3 2 _ _ 1 2 4 21 7 4 8 _ _ _

- - - - - 1 84 10 - 2 8 4 3 2 - - - - 21 - - - - -

2 - - - 2 1 - - - 2 8 5 - - - 1 2 4 - 7 4 8 “

_ _ _ - _ 5 _ 5 18 9 2 1 4 5 9 7 6 4 2 5 1 9 30 - 35 7 7 9 - 1- - - - - 5 - 5 18 9 2 1 4 5 9 7 6 4 - - 10 - - - - 1

2 5 19 20 - 35 7 7 9 - -

2 5 - - - - 4 6 - - -

i i - - - - - - - - 15 2 25 2 16 - - - 15 - - - - -

- - - 1 4 4 - - 6 - - - 2 - - 18 - - - - - - -

i i - - - - - - - - 15 2 25 - 16 - - - 15 - - - - -

65 26 5 2 9 19 7 338 122 36 78 30 43 20 - - 4 18 _ - _ _ - _

1 - - - - - - 3 9 59 12 17 18 - - 4 18 - - - - - -

64 26 5 29 1 9 7 338 119 27 19 18 26 2

* W orkers w ere at $3 to $3.20.



Table A -6 . Average hourly earnings of m aintenance, toolroom powerplant, m aterial m ovem ent, and custodial workers, by sex, in Sacramento, Calif., December 1978

Sex, occupation, and industry division

Average(mean5 )

earnings4

Sex, 3 occupation, and industry divisionNumber

ofworkers

Average (m ean2 )

hourly earnings4

MAI NT ENANCE* TOOLROOM* AND POUE RPLANT O C C U P A T I O N S - MEN

MAI NT ENANCE CARPENT ERS ---------------------------------

MAI NT ENANCE E L E C T R I C I A N S ---------------------------MANUFACT URI NG -------------------------------------------------

MAI NT ENANCE MECHANI CS ( M A C H I N E R Y ) - MANUFACT URI NG -------------------------------------------------

m a i n t e n a n c e m e c h a n i c s

( MOTOR V E H I C L E S ) -----------------------------------------------MANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------NONMANUF A C T U R I N 6 ------------------------------------------


S T A T I O N A R Y E NG I N E E R S ---------------------------------------MANUFACT URI NG -------------------------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n e ------------------------------------------

$36 8 . 1 6

127 8 . 5 1103 8 . A3

192 8 . 1 A172 8 . 1 1

1 96 9 . 6 156 9 . A3

138 9 . 6 8100 9 . 5 3

113 9 . 5 087 9 . 8 226 8 . A1

M A T E R I A L MOVEMENT ANO C U S T O D I A L O C C U P A T I O N S - MEN— C O N T I N U E D

T R U C K D R I V E R S - C O N T I N U E D

T R U C K O R I V E R S . T R A C T O R - T R A I L E R -------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NE ------------------------------------------

S H I P P E R S -------------------------------------------------------------------------

R E C E I V E R S ----------------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NE ------------------------------------------

S H I P P E R S AND R E C E I V E R S ---------------------------------

WAREHOUSEMEN -------------------------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NE ------------------------------------------

M A T E R I A L H A NDL I NG L ABORE RS ----------------------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NE ------------------------------------------

M A T E R I A L MOVEMENT AND C U S T O O I A L OC C UPAT I ONS - HEN

T RUCKO RI VE RS ------------------------------------------MANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NE ----------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -----------------

T R U C K O R I V E R S . L I G H T TRUCK

T R U C K D R I V E R S . MEDIUM TRUCK NONMANUFACT URI NE -----------------------

T R U C K D R I V E R S . HEAVY TRUCK

1 . 1 0 2 8 . 7 2317 8 . 21785 8 . 9 2383 8 . 5 A

31 6 . 0 5

183 7 . 9 9111 7 . 9 A

192 7 . 7 7

F O R K L I F T OPE RAT ORS --------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NE ------------------------------------------


GUARDS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------

G U A RDS . C L AS S A -----------------------------------------------

6 U A R 0 S . C L AS S B :MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------

J A N I T O R S . P O R T E R S . AND C L E A NE R S --------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NE ------------------------------------------

$6 3A 9 . 3 31 AO 8 . 3 1A9A 9 . 6 2

AA 7 . 8 0

83 7 . 2 673 7 . 2 9

A9 7 . A9

390 7 . AA136 6 . 9 325A 7 . 7 2

332 6 . 6 7177 5 . 8 A155 7 . 6 1

599 7 . 2 7A1A 6 . 5 0185 8 . 9 9

71 8 . 9 5

387 A . A183 6 . 3 A

32 6 . 6 5

81 6 . 3 3

670 A . 7 A113 6 . 3 2557 A . A 2



Table A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings, adjusted for em ploym ent shifts, for selected occupational groups in Sacram ento, C alif., for selected periods

Industry and occupational group 5

December 1974

to

December 1975

December 1975

to

December 1976

December 1976

to

December 1977

December 1977

to

Decem ber 1978

A ll industries:O ffice c le r ic a l____________________________ __________ 8.3 6.6 8.8 6.9E lectron ic data processing______________ __________ ( ? ) (? ) (? ) (? )Industrial nurses______________________________________ (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 )Skilled maintenance trades. . . ____________________ 8.7 9.7 8.4 8.2Unskilled plant workers 8.0 9.0 7.8 8.4

Manufacturing:O ffice c le r ic a l________________________________________ (? ) (? ) (? ) (? )E lectron ic data processing. ____________ ________ (? ) (? ) (? )Industrial nurses____________________________________ (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 )Skilled maintenance trades__________________________ 8.7 10.1 8.1 8.3Unskilled plant w orkers______________________________ 7.9 9.1 9.6 8.6

Nonmanufac turing:O ffice c le r ic a l_______________ _________ __________ 7.6 7.3 8.1 7.0E lectron ic data processing__________________________ (? ) (? ) (? ) (? )Industrial nurses______________________________________ (6 ) (6 ) (6 ) (6 )Unskilled plant w orkers______________________________ 7.9 8.9 6.8 8.3

Footnotes1 Standard hours re fle c t the workweek fo r which em ployees re ce ive their regu lar stra ight-tim e

salaries (exclusive of pay fo r overtim e at regu lar and/or prem ium ra tes ), and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.

2 The mean is computed fo r each job by totaling the earnings of a ll w orkers and dividing by the number o f w orkers. The median designates position— half o f the w orkers re ce ive the same or m ore and half rece ive the same or less than, the rate shown. The m iddle range is defined by two rates of pay; a fourth o f the workers earn the same or less than the low er o f these rates and a fourth earn the same or m ore than the higher rate.

3 Earnings data relate only to workers whose sex identification was p r o v i d e d by the establishment.

4 Excludes premium pay fo r overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.5 Estim ates for periods ending prior to 1976 re late to men only fo r skilled maintenance and

unskilled plant workers. AH other estimates re late to men and women.6 Data do not meet publication cr ite r ia or data not available.


Appendix A. Scope and Method of Survey

In each o f the 75 1 areas curren t ly surveyed, the Bureau obtains w ages and re la ted benefits data f rom represen tative establishments within s ix broad industry d iv is ions : Manufacturing; transportation, communication,and other public u t i l i t ie s ; w h o lesa le trade; re ta i l trade; f inance, insurance, and r ea l estate ; and s e r v ic e s . Governm ent operations and the construction and ex t ra c t iv e industr ies are excluded. Establishments having few e r than a p re s c r ib e d number o f w o rk e rs are also excluded because o f insuffic ient em p loym ent in the occupations studied. Appendix table 1 shows the number o f estab lishm ents and w o rk e rs est imated to be within the scope of this survey, as w e l l as the number actually studied.

Bureau f ie ld rep resen ta t iv e s obtain data by persona l v is i ts at 3 - year in te rva ls . In each o f the two intervening yea rs , in formation on employm ent and occupational earn ings on ly is co l lec ted by a combination of persona l v is it , m a i l questionna ire , and te lephone in terv iew from establishments partic ipating in the p rev ious survey .

A sam ple o f the estab lishments in the scope of the survey is se lec ted fo r study p r io r to each person a l v is i t survey. This sample, less establishm ents which go out o f business o r are no longer within the industrial scope o f the survey , is re ta ined f o r the fo l low ing two annual surveys . In m os t cases , estab lishm ents new to the area are not considered in the scope o f the su rvey until the s e lec t ion o f a sample fo r a pe rson a l v is i t survey.

The sam pling p rocedu res invo lve detailed s tra t i f ica t ion o f all establishm ents within the scope o f an individual area survey by industry and number o f em p lo yees . F r o m this s tra t i f ied universe a p robab il ity sample is se lec ted , with each estab lishm ent having a p redeterm ined chance of se lec t ion . T o obtain optimum accuracy at m inimum cost, a g rea te r proport ion o f la r g e than sm a ll estab lishm ents is se lected . When data are combined, each estab lishm ent is we igh ted accord ing to its p robab il ity o f se lec t ion so that unbiased es t im a tes a re generated. F o r example, i f one out of four estab lishm ents is se lec ted , it is g iven a we ight o f 4 to rep resen t i ts e l f plus th ree o thers . An a lternate o f the same or ig ina l probab il ity is chosen in the sam e in d u s try -s iz e c la s s i f ic a t io n i f data are not available f r o m the o r ig ina l sam ple m em b e r . I f no suitable substitute is available, additional weight is ass igned to a sam ple m em b e r that is s im i la r to the m iss ing unit.

Occupations and earnings

Occupations se lec ted f o r study are common to a va r ie ty o f manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industr ies , and are of the fo l low ing types; ( 1) O f f ic e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p ro fess ion a l and technical; (3) maintenance, too lroom ,

1 Included in the 75 areas are 5 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are Akron, Ohio; Birmingham, Ala.; Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va.—N .C .; Poughkeepsie-'-Kingston—Newburgh, N .Y .; and Utica—Rome, N.Y. In addition, the Bureau conducts more limited area studies in approximately 100 areas at the request of the Employment Standards Administration of the U. S. Department of Labor.

11

and powerplant; and (4) m a te r ia l m ovem ent and custodial. Occupational c lass i f ica t ion is based on a uniform set of job descr iptions designed to take account o f in terestab lishm ent var iat ion in duties within the same job. Occupations se lected fo r study are l is ted and descr ibed in appendix B.

Unless o therw ise indicated, the earnings data fo llow ing the job tit les are fo r all industries combined. Earnings data fo r some of the occupations l is ted and descr ibed , or fo r some industry d iv isions within the scope o f the survey, are not presented in the A - s e r i e s tables because e ither ( 1) em ploym ent in the occupation is too sm a ll to prov ide enough data to m e r i t presentation, or (2) there is poss ib i l i ty o f d isc losure of individual estab lishment data. Separate m en 's and w om en 's earnings data are not presented when the number o f w o rk e rs not identif ied by sex is 20 percent or m o r e o f the m en o r wom en identif ied in an occupation. Earnings data not shown separa te ly f o r industry d iv is ions are included in data for all industries combined. L ik ew ise , fo r occupations with m o re than one leve l, data are included in the o v e ra l l c lass i f ica t ion when a subclassif ication is not shown o r in form ation to subc lass ify is not ava ilab le .

Occupational em ploym ent and earnings data are shown fo r fu l l - t im e w o rk e rs , i .e . , those h ired to w o rk a regu lar w eek ly schedule. Earnings data exclude prem ium pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cos t -o f- l iv in g allowances and incentive bonuses are included. W eek ly hours for o f f ice c l e r i c a l and p ro fess ion a l and technica l occupations r e fe r to the standard w orkw eek (rounded to the neares t half hour) fo r which employees r e ce iv e regu la r s tra igh t- t im e sa la r ies (exc lus ive of pay fo r o ve r t im e at regu lar and/or prem ium ra tes ) . A v e ra g e w eek ly earnings fo r these occupations are rounded to the n eares t half do l la r . V e r t ica l l ines within the distribution of w o rk e rs on some A - ta b le s indicate a change in the s ize of the class intervals .

These surveys m ea su re the le v e l o f occupational earnings in an area at a par t icu lar t im e. Com parisons of individual occupational averages over t im e m ay not r e f l e c t expected wage changes. The averages for individual jobs are affected by changes in wages and employm ent patterns. F o r example, proport ions o f w o rk e rs employed by high- or low -w age f i rm s m ay change, or h igh-wage w o rk e rs m ay advance to better jobs and be rep laced by new w o rk e rs at low er ra tes . Such shifts in employm ent could d ecrease an occupational average even though m ost establishments in an area increase wages during the y ea r . Changes in earnings o f occupational groups, shown in table A -7 , are better ind icators of wage trends than are earnings changes for individual jobs within the groups.

A v e ra g e earnings r e f le c t com posite , areawide estimates. Industries and establishments d i f fe r in pay l e v e l and job staffing, and thus contribute d i f fe r en t ly to the est im ates fo r each job. P a y averages m ay fa i l to re f le c t accurate ly the wage d i f fe ren t ia l among jobs in individual establishments.Digitized for FRASER

http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

A v e ra g e pay le ve ls fo r m en and women in se lec ted occupations should not be assumed to re f le c t d i f fe rences in pay o f the sexes within individual establishments. F ac to rs which m ay contribute to d i f fe rences include p r o gress ion within established rate ranges (on ly the rates paid incumbents are co l lec ted ) and per fo rm ance of spec if ic duties within the gen era l survey job descr ip t ions. Job descr iptions used to c la s s i fy em p loyees in these surveys usually are m o re gen era l iz ed than those used in individual establishments and a llow fo r m inor d i f fe rences among establishments in spec if ic duties pe r fo rm ed .

Occupational em ploym ent est im ates rep resen t the total in a l l e s tab lishments within the scope of the study and not the number actua lly surveyed. Because occupational structures among establishments d i f fe r , es t im ates of occupational employm ent obtained f r o m the sample of establishments studied se rve only to indicate the re la t ive importance of the jobs studied. These d if fe rences in occupational structure do not a f fec t m a te r ia l ly the accuracy of the earnings data.

Wage trends fo r se lec ted occupational groups

The percent increases presented in table A -7 a re based on changes in average hour ly earnings o f men and w om er in establishments reporting the trend jobs in both the current and prev ious yea r (matched estab lishments). The data a re adjusted to rem ove the e f fec ts on ave rage earnings o f em p lo y ment shifts among establishments and turnover o f establishments included in survey sam ples. The percent increases , how ever , a re s ti l l af fected by factors other than wage increases . H ir ings , layo f fs , and turnover m ay a ffect an establishment average fo r an occupation when w orke rs are paid under plans provid ing a range o f wage rates fo r individual jobs. In per iods o f increased hir ing, fo r example, new em ployees m ay enter at the bottom of the range, depressing the average without a change in wage rates.

The percent changes relate to wage changes between the indicated dates. When the t im e span between surveys is other than 12 months, annual rates are shown, (it is assumed that wages inc rease at a constant rate between surveys . )

Occupations used to compute wage trends a re :

O f f ic e c l e r ic a l

S ec re ta r ie sStenographers, genera l Stenographers, senior Typ is ts , c lasses

A and BF i l e c le rk s , c lasses A,

B, and C M essengers Switchboard operators

O f f ic e c l e r i c a l— Continued

O rde r c le rk s , c lasses A and B

Accounting c le rks , c lasses A and B

Bookkeeping-machine opera tors , c lass B

P a y ro l l c le rks K e y entry opera tors ,

c lasses A and B

E lectron ic data process ing

Computer systems analysts, c lasses A , B, and C

Computer p rogram m ers , c lasses A , B, and C

Computer operators, c lasses A , B, and C

Industrial nurses

R eg is te red industrial nurses

Percen t changes fo r i as fo l low s :

Skilled maintenance

C arpentersE le c t r ic ian sPa in tersMachin istsM echanics (m ach inery )M echanics (m oto r v eh ic le )P ip e f i t t e r sT o o l and die m akers

Unsk il led plant

Janitors, p o r te rs , and c leaners

M a te r ia l handling labore rs

a reas in the p ro g ram are computed

1. A v e ra ge earnings are computed fo r each occupation fo r the 2 years being com pared . The ave rages a re d er ived f ro m earnings in those estab lishments which are in the survey both years ; i t is assumed that employm ent remains unchanged.

2. Each occupation is ass igned a we ight based on its p r o portionate employment in the occupational group in the base year.

3. These weights are used to compute group ave ra ges .Each occupation's average earn ings (computed in step 1) is multip lied by its weight. The products a re totaled to obtain a group average .

4. The ratio of group ave ra ges fo r 2 consecutive years is computed by dividing the a ve ra ge fo r the current yea r by the average fo r the e a r l i e r yea r . The result— expressed as a percent— less 100 is the pe rcen t change.

F o r a m ore detailed descr ip t ion o f the method used to compute these wage trends, see " Im prov ing A r e a W age Su rvey Indexes, " Monthly Lab o r R e v ie w , January 1973, pp. 52-57.

Establishm ent p ract ices and supplementary wage p rov is ions

Tabulations on se lected estab lishm ent p ra c t ice s and supplementary wage p rov is ions (B -s e r ie s tab les ) a re not presen ted in this bulletin. I n fo r mation fo r these tabulations is co l le c ted at 3 -year, in terva ls . These tabulations on minimum entrance sa lar ies f o r inexper ienced o f f ic e w o rk e rs ; shift d i f fe ren t ia ls ; scheduled w eek ly hours and days; paid ho lidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans a re presen ted (in the B -s e r ie s tab les ) in prev ious bulletins fo r this area.


Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers w ith in scope of survey and number studied in Sacram ento, C alif.,' December 1978

Minimum Number of establishments W orkers in establishments

Industry division 2employment in establish- Within scope

o f study *

Within scope of study 4

ments in scope o f study

StudiedNumber Percent

Studied

* L L D I V I S I O N S ------------------------------------------------ 451 i n 8 9 . 9 5 4 100 4 4 , 5 8 0

M A NU F A C T U R I NG ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50 89 24 1 9 . 2 8 6 21 1 0 . 6 4 3N ONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------------------------

t r a n s p o r t a t i o n * c o m m u n i c a t i o n * a n d~ 362 87 7 0 . 6 6 8 79 3 3 . 9 3 7

OT HER P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 5 -------------------------------- 50 20 10 1 1 . 0 5 8 12 9 . 4 9 7WHOLESALE T R A D E 6 ----------------------------------------------- 50 34 9 3 . 3 4 4 4 1 . 4 2 8R E T A I L T RADE 6 ---------------------------------------------------- 50 183 35 3 7 . 3 3 8 42 1 5 , 3 7 7F I N A N C E . I N S U R A N C E . AND REAL E S T A T E 6 ----------- 50 58 10 8 . 6 2 6 10 3 . 7 6 0S E R V I C E S 6 7 --------------------------------------------------------- 50 67 23 1 0 . 3 0 2 11 3 . 8 7 5

1 The Sacramento Standard Metropolitan Statistical A rea, as defined by the O ffice o f Management and Budget through February 1974, consists o f P la cer , Sacram ento, and Yo lo Counties. The "w orkers within scope o f study" estim ates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description o f the size and composition o f the labor force included in the survey. Estim ates are not intended, however, fo r comparison with other employment indexes to m easure employment trends or leve ls since (1) planning o f wage surveys requ ires establishment data com piled considerably in advance o f the payroll period studied, and (2) sm all establishments are excluded from the scope o f the survey.

2 The 1972 edition o f the Standard Industrial C lassification Manual was used in c lassify ing establishments by industry division. However, a ll government operations are excluded from the scope of the survey.

3 Includes a ll establishments with total employment at o r above the minimum lim itation . A ll outlets (within the area ) o f companies in industries such as trade,

finance, auto repa ir se rv ice , and motion picture theaters are considered as one establishment.

4 Includes a ll workers in a ll establishments with total employment (within the area ) at or above the minimum lim itation.

5 Abbreviated to "public u tilitie s " in the A -s e r ie s tables. Taxicabs and serv ices incidental to water transportation are excluded. Sacramento's transit system is publicly operated and is excluded by definition from the scope o f the study.

6 Separate presentation o f data is not made for this division.7 Hotels and m otels; laundries and other personal serv ices ; business services ;

automobile repa ir, rental, and parking; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations (excluding re lig ious and charitable organizations); and engineering and architectural serv ices .


Appendix B.OccupationalDescriptions

The p r im a ry purpose o f p repar ing job descr ip t ions fo r the Bureau's wage surveys is to ass is t its f ie ld staff in c lass i fy ing into approb a te occupations w o rk e rs who are employed under a va r ie ty o f payro l l tit les and d i f fe ren t w o rk arrangem ents from estab lishment to estab lishment and f rom area to area. Th is pe rm its the grouping of occupational wage rates represen ting com parable job content. Because o f this em phasis on interestab lishm ent and in tera rea com parab i l i ty of occupational content, the Bureau 's job descr ip t ions m ay d i f fe r s ign if icantly f ro m those in use in individual establishments o r those p repared fo r other purposes. In applying these job descr ip t ions, the Bureau 's f ie ld economists are instructed to exclude work ing superv iso rs ; apprentices; and part- t ime, tem porary , and probationary w o rk e rs . Handicapped w o rk e rs whose earnings are reduced because o f their handicap are also excluded. L ea rn e rs , beginners, and tra inees , unless spec i f ic a l ly included in the job descr ip t ions, are excluded.

Office

S E C R E TA R Y

Ass igned as a persona l se c re ta ry , n o rm ally to one individual. Maintains a c lose and highly respons ive rela tionship to the day-to -day act iv it ies of the superv isor . W orks fa i r l y independently rece iv in g a m inimum o f detailed supervis ion and guidance. P e r f o r m s var ied c le r ic a l and s e c re ta r ia l duties requiring a knowledge o f o f f ic e routine and understanding o f the organization, p rogram s, and procedures rela ted to the work of the superv isor .

Exclusions

Not all positions that are titled " s e c r e t a r y " possess the above charac ter is t ics . Exam ples o f positions which are excluded f ro m the definition are as fo llows;

a. Pos it ions which do not m ee t the "p e rso n a l" s e c r e ta r y concept descr ibed above;

b. Stenographers not fu lly tra ined in s ec re ta r ia l - ty p e duties;

c. Stenographers serv ing as o f f ic e assistants to a group of p ro fess ional, technical, or m anager ia l persons;

d. Ass is tan t-type positions which entail m o re d if f icu lt or m o re r e sponsible technical, adm in is tra t ive , or su perv iso ry duties which are not typ ica l of s e c r e ta r ia l work , e.g., A dm in is tra t ive A s s is t ant, o r Executive Assistant;

S E C R E T A R Y — Continued

Exclusions— Continued

e. Posit ions which do not f i t any of the situations l is ted in the sections below titled " L e v e l o f Superv isor, " e .g ., s e c r e ta r y to the president of a company that em ploys , in all, o ve r 5, 000 persons;

f. Tra inees .

C lass i f ica t ion by L e v e l

S ecretary jobs which m eet the above ch arac te r is t ics are matched at one o f f iv e le ve ls according to (a) the le v e l o f the s e c r e ta r y 's su perv isor within the company's organizational structure and, (b) the le v e l of the s e c r e ta r y 's responsibil ity . The chart fo l low ing the explanations o f these two fac tors indicates the le v e l o f the s e c r e ta r y f o r each combination o f the fac tors .

L e v e l o f Sec re ta ry 's Superv isor (LS)

Secretar ies should be matched at one o f the four LS le v e ls descr ibed below according to the le v e l o f the s e c r e ta r y 's superv iso r within the company organ iza tiona l structure.

a. Secretary to the superv isor o r head o f a sm a ll organizational unit (e .g . , few er than about 25 o r 30 p erson s ) ; or

LS—1


SECRETARY— Continued

C lassification by L eve l— Continued

b. S e c r e ta ry to a nonsuperv isory staff spec ia l is t , pro fess iona l em p loyee , adm in is tra t ive o f f i c e r or assistant, sk il led technician o r expert , (N O T E : M a n y companies assign stenographers,ra ther than s e c r e ta r ie s as descr ibed above, to this le v e l of s u p e rv is o ry o r nonsuperv isory w o rker , )

LS -2 a. S e c r e ta ry to an executive or m anageria l person whose respons ib i l i ty is not equivalent to one of the specif ic l e v e l situations in the de fin it ion fo r LS -3 , but whose organizational unit norm ally numbers at le a s t s e ve ra l dozen employees and is usually d iv ided into o rgan iza t ion a l segments which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In som e companies, this le ve l includes a w ide range o f organ iza t iona l echelons; in others, only one or two; or

LS-3

b. S e c r e ta ry to the head of an individual plant, fac tory , etc., (o r other equivalent le v e l o f o f f ic ia l ) that employs, in all, few e r than 5,000 persons .

a. S e c r e ta ry to the chairm an of the board or pres ident of a company that em p loys , in all , f e w e r than 100 persons; or

b. S e c r e ta ry to a corpora te o f f ic e r (other than chairman of the board o r p res iden t ) o f a company that employs, in all, o v e r 100 but f e w e r than 5,000 persons; or

c. S e c r e ta ry to the head ( im m ed ia te ly below the o f f i c e r le v e l ) o ve r e i the r a m a jo r corpora tew ide functional activ ity (e .g . , m arketing, res ea rch , operations, industrial relations, etc.) o r a m a jo r geograph ic o r organ iza tiona l segment (e .g . , a reg iona l headquarte r s ; a m a jo r d iv is ion ) o f a company that em ploys , in all, o ver 5, 000 but f e w e r than 25,000 employees; o r

d. S e c r e ta ry to the head of an individual plant, fac tory , etc., (o r other equiva lent l e v e l o f o f f ic ia l ) that em ploys , in all, o ve r 5, 000 person s ; o r

e. S e c r e ta ry to the head of a la rge and important organ iza tiona l segm ent (e .g . , a m idd le management superv isor o f an organ izat iona l segm ent often involving as many as s e ve ra l hundred persons ) o f a company that employs, in all, o v e r 25, 000 persons.

LS—4 a. S e c r e ta ry to the chairm an of the board of pres iden t o f a companythat em p loys , in all, o ve r 100 but few e r than 5,000 persons; or

b. S e c r e ta ry to a co rpora te o f f i c e r (other than the chairman o f the board o r pres iden t ) o f a company that employs, in all, o v e r 5,000 but f e w e r than 25,000 persons; or

c. S e c r e ta ry to the head, im m ed ia te ly below the corpora te o f f ic e r l e v e l , o f a m a jo r segment or subsidiary o f a company that em p loys , in all, o v e r 25,000 persons.

N O T E : The te rm "c o rp o ra te o f f i c e r " used in the above LS defin it ionr e fe r s to those o f f i c ia ls who have a s ign if icant corpora tew ide policymaking r o le with r eg a rd to m a jo r company act iv i t ies . The t i t le " v i c e p re s id e n t , " though n o rm a l ly ind icative o f this ro le , does not in all cases identify such

S E C R E T A R Y — Continued

C lass i f ica t ion by L e v e l— Continued

positions. V ice pres idents whose p r im a ry respons ib i l i ty is to act personally on individual cases or transactions (e .g . , approve or deny individual loan or c red it actions; administer individual trust accounts; d irec t ly supervise a c le r ic a l staff) are not considered to be "c o rp o ra te o f f i c e rs " fo r purposes of applying the defin ition.

L e v e l o f S ec re ta ry 's Respons ib i l i ty (L R )

This fac tor evaluates the nature of the work relationship between the s e c r e ta r y and the superv isor , and the extent to which the secre ta ry is expected to e x e rc is e in it iative and judgment. Sec re ta r ies should be matched at LR—1 or LR —2 descr ibed below according to their le v e l of responsibility.

L e v e l of Respons ib i l i ty 1 (L R —1)

P e r fo r m s var ied s e c re ta r ia l duties including or comparable to most of the fo llow ing:

a. An sw ers te lephones, g ree ts personal ca l le rs , and opens incoming m a il .

b. Answ ers te lephone requests which have standard answers. May rep ly to requests by sending a fo rm le t te r .

c. R ev iew s correspondence , mem oranda, and reports prepared by others for the su pe rv iso r 's signature to ensure procedural and typographica l accuracy.

d. Maintains su pe rv iso r 's calendar and makes appointments as instructed.

e. Types , takes and transcr ibes dictation, and f i les .

L e v e l o f Respons ib i l i ty 2 (LR —2)

P e r fo r m s duties descr ibed under LR—1 and, in addition perform s tasks requ ir ing g rea te r judgment, in it iative, and knowledge of o f f ice functions including or com parable to m os t of the following:

a. Screens telephone and personal ca l le rs , determining which can be handled by the su pe rv iso r 's subordinates or other o f f ices.

b. Answ ers requests which requ ire a detailed knowledge of o ff ice procedures o r co l lec t ion o f information from f i les or other o f f ic e s . M ay sign routine correspondence in own or su pe rv iso r 's name.

c. Com piles or assists in com piling pe r iod ic reports on the basis o f genera l instructions.


SECRETARY— Continued

L e v e l of Respons ib i l i ty 2 (LR —2)— Continued

d. Schedules tentative appointments without p r io r c learance . A s sem bles n ecessa ry background m a te r ia l for scheduled m eetings . Makes arrangem ents fo r m eetings and con ferences.

e. Explains su p e rv iso r 's requirem ents to other em ployees in superv is o r 's unit. (A lso types, takes dictation, and f i le s . )

The fo l low ing tabulation shows the le v e l of the s e c r e ta r y fo r each LS and L R combination.

L e v e l o f s e c r e ta r y 's ______superv isor_____

L e v e l o f s e c r e ta r y 's respons ib i l i ty

LR—1 LR—2

L S - 1 LS-2 LS-3 LS-4

Class E Class D C lass C C lass B

Class D Class C Class B Class A

STEN O G RA PH ER

P r im a r y duty is to take dictation using shorthand, and to transcr ibe the dictation. M ay also type f rom w ritten copy. M ay operate from a stenographic pool. M ay occas iona l ly transcr ibe from vo ice record ings ( i f p r im ary duty is transcr ib ing f rom record ings , see T ranscr ib ing -M ach in e Typ is t ) .

N O T E : This job is distinguished from that o f a s e c re ta ry in that asecre ta ry norm ally works in a confidential relationship with only one manager or executive and per fo rm s m o re responsible and d iscre t ion ary tasks as descr ibed in' the s e c re ta ry job definition.

Stenographer, G enera l

Dictation invo lves a norm al routine vocabulary. M ay maintain f i les , keep simple reco rds , or p e r fo rm other r e la t iv e ly routine c le r ic a l tasks.

Stenographer, Senior

Dictation invo lves a var ied technical o r spec ia l ized vocabulary such as in lega l b r ie fs or reports on sc ien ti f ic research . May also set up and maintain f i le s , keep reco rds , etc.

OR

P e r fo r m s stenographic duties requiring s ign if icantly g rea te r independence and respons ib i l i ty than stenographer, genera l, as evidenced by the following: W ork requ ires a high d egree of stenographic speed and accuracy;a thorough work ing knowledge of genera l business and o f f ic e p rocedure; and

16

STENOGRAPHER— Continued

of the spec if ic business operations, organiza tion , po l ic ies , procedures , f i le s , work f low , etc. Uses this knowledge in p e r fo rm in g stenographic duties and responsible c le r ica l tasks such as mainta ining fo llowup f i le s ; assembling m a te r ia l f o r reports , memoranda, and le t te r s ; composing s im ple le t te rs f rom genera l instructions; reading and routing incoming m a il ; and answering routine questions, etc.

TR A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E T Y P IS T

P r im a r y duty is to type copy o f vo ice r eco rded dictation which does not invo lve varied technical or spec ia l iz ed vocabulary such as that used in lega l b r ie fs or reports on sc ienti f ic r esea rch . M ay also type f rom written copy. M ay maintain f i le s , keep s imple rec o rd s , o r p e r fo rm other r e la t iv e ly routine c le r ic a l tasks. (See Stenographer defin it ion fo r w o rk e rs involved with shorthand dictation.)

T Y P IS T

Uses a typew rite r to make copies o f various m a te r ia ls or to make out bil ls a fter calculations have been made by another person. M ay include typing o f stencils, mats, or s im ila r m a te r ia ls fo r use in duplicating p ro c esses . M ay do c le r ica l work involving l i t t le spec ia l training, such as keeping s imple records , f i l i n g reco rds and reports , or sorting and distributing incoming m ail .

C lass A . P e r fo rm s one or m o re o f the fo l lo w in g ; Typing m a te r ia l in f inal fo rm when it involves combining m a te r ia l from seve ra l sources; o r respons ib i l i ty fo r co r re c t spelling, syllabication, punctuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or fo re ign language m ate r ia l ; o r planning lay out and typing o f complicated s tatistical tables to maintain un iform ity and balance in spacing. May type routine fo rm le t te rs , vary ing details to suit c ircum stances.

C lass B . P e r fo rm s one or m o re of the fo l low in g ; Copy typing from rough o r c lear drafts; or routine typing o f fo rm s , insurance po l ic ies , etc.; or setting up simple standard tabulations; o r copying m o re com plex tables a lready set up and spaced proper ly .

F IL E C L E R K

F i le s , c lass i f ies , and r e t r ie v e s m a te r ia l in an established fi l ing system . M ay p er fo rm c le r ic a l and manual tasks requ ired to maintain f i le s . Pos it ions are c lass if ied into le ve ls on the basis o f the fo l low ing definitions.

Class A . C lass i f ies and indexes f i l e m a te r ia l such as correspondence, reports , technical documents, etc., in an established f i l ing system containing a number o f var ied subject m a tte r f i l e s . M ay also f i l e this m a te r ia l . May keep records o f var ious types in conjunction with the f i le s . M ay lead a small group o f low er le v e l f i l e c le rk s .

C lass B . Sorts, codes, and f i le s unclass if ied m a te r ia l by s im ple (subject m atter ) headings or part ly c la ss i f ied m a te r ia l by f in e r subheadings. P r e p a re s simple related index and c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e aids. As requested, locates c lea r ly identified m ate r ia l in f i l e s and fo rw ards m a te r ia l . M ay p e r fo rm related c le r ic a l tasks requ ired to mainta in and s e rv ic e f i le s .


F IL E CLERK— Continued

Class C . P e r f o r m s routine f i l ing o f m ate r ia l that has a lready been c la s s i f ie d o r which is e a s i ly c la ss i f ied in a simple s e r ia l c lass i f ica t ion sys tem (e .g . , alphabetical, chronolog ica l, or num erica l ) . A s requested, lo ca tes r ea d i ly ava ilab le m a te r ia l in f i le s and forwards m a te r ia l ; and m ay f i l l out w ithdraw al charge . M ay p e r fo rm s imple c le r ic a l and manual tasks requ ired to m ainta in and s e r v ic e f i le s .

MESSENGER

P e r fo r m s var ious routine duties such as running errands, operating m in o r o f f ic e m ach ines such as sea le rs o r m a i le r s , opening and distributing m a i l , and other m in o r c le r i c a l work . Exclude positions that requ ire operation o f a m o to r veh ic le as a signif icant duty.

SW ITC H B O A RD O P E R A T O R

O perates a telephone switchboard o r console used with a p r iva te branch exchange (P B X ) system to r e la y incoming, outgoing, and in trasystem ca l ls . M ay p ro v id e in fo rm ation to ca l le rs , reco rd and transm it m essa g es , keep r e c o rd o f ca l ls p laced and to l l charges. Besides operating a telephone switchboard o r conso le , m ay also type or p e r fo rm routine c le r i c a l w ork (typing or routine c le r i c a l w o rk m ay occupy the m a jo r portion of the w o rk e r 's t im e , and is usually p e r fo rm ed while at the switchboard o r conso le ) . C h ie f o r lead op e ra to rs in estab lishm ents employing m ore than one opera tor are* excluded. F o r an ope ra to r who also acts as a reception ist, see Switchboard O p era to r -R ecep t ion is t .

SW ITC H B O A RD O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T

A t a s in g le -pos i t ion telephone switchboard or console, acts both as an opera tor— see Switchboard Operator— and as a reception is t . R ecep t ion is t 's w o rk invo lves such duties as greet ing v is i to rs ; determ in ing nature o f v i s i t o r 's business and prov id ing appropriate information; r e f e r r in g v is i to r to appropria te p e rson in the organization or contacting that person by te le phone and arrang ing an appointment; keeping a log of v is i to rs .

O R D E R C L E R K

R e c e iv e s w r it ten o r v e rb a l custom ers ' purchase o rd e rs fo r m a te r ia l o r m erchan d ise f r o m cus tom ers or sales people. W ork typ ica l ly invo lves som e combination o f the fo l low ing duties: Quoting p r ic e s ; determ in ingava i lab i l i ty o f o rd e red item s and suggesting substitutes when necessary ; advis ing expected d e l i v e r y date and method of de l ive ry ; r eco rd ing o rder and custom er in fo rm ation on o r d e r sheets; checking order sheets for accuracy and adequacy o f in fo rm ation reco rded ; ascerta ining cred it rating of custom er; furnishing custom er with acknowledgement of rece ip t of o rd e r ; fo l low ing up to see that o rd e r is d e l iv e r e d by the specif ied date or to le t custom er know o f a de lay in d e l i v e r y ; mainta ining order f i le ; checking shipping invo ice against o r ig in a l o rd e r .

Exclude w o rk e rs paid on a com m iss ion basis o r whose duties include any o f the fo l lo w in g : R ece iv in g o rders fo r s e rv ices rather than form a te r ia l o r m erchan d ise ; p rov id ing custom ers with consultative advice using know ledge gained f ro m eng ineering o r extensive technical training; emphas iz ing se l l ing sk il ls ; handling m a te r ia l o r m erchandise as an integra l part o f the job.

ORDER CLERK— Continued

Pos it ions are c lass i f ied into le v e ls accord ing to the fo llowing defin itions:

C lass A . Handles o rders that invo lve making judgments such as choosing which spec i f ic product o r m a te r ia l f ro m the establishment's product l ines w i l l sat is fy the cus tom er 's needs, or determ in ing the p r ice to be quoted when p ric ing invo lves m o r e than m e r e ly r e f e r r in g to a p r ic e l is t or making som e s im p le m athem atica l calculations.

C lass B . Handles o rd e rs involving items which have readily ident i f ied uses and applications. M ay r e fe r to a catalog, m anufacturer 's manual, o r s im i la r document to insure that p roper item is supplied or to v e r i fy p r ic e o f o rd e red item .

A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K

P e r fo r m s one or m o re accounting c le r ic a l tasks such as posting to r eg is te rs and ledgers ; reconc il ing bank accounts; ve r i fy in g the internal cons istency, com pleteness, and m athem atica l accuracy of accounting documents; assigning p resc r ib ed accounting distribution codes; examining and ver i fy ing fo r c l e r ic a l accuracy various types o f reports , l is ts , calculations, posting, etc.; o r p repar ing s im p le or assisting in p repar ing m o re complicated journal vouchers. M ay work in either a manual o r automated accounting system.

The w ork requ ires a knowledge of c l e r i c a l methods and o f f ice p ract ices and procedures which re la tes to the c le r ic a l process ing and record ing o f transactions and accounting in form ation. With experience , the w orker typ ica l ly becomes fa m i l ia r with the bookkeeping and accounting term s and p rocedures used in the assigned work, but is not requ ired to have a knowledge o f the fo rm a l p r inc ip les o f bookkeeping and accounting.

Pos it ions are c lass i f ied into le v e ls on the basis of the following defin itions:

C lass A . Under genera l superv is ion, p e r fo rm s accounting c le r ica l operations which requ ire the application of experience and judgment, for example, c le r ic a l ly p rocess ing com plicated or nonrepetit ive accounting transactions, se lec t ing among a substantial va r ie ty of p resc r ib ed accounting codes and c lass i f ica t ions , or trac ing transactions through previous accounting actions to de term ine source o f d iscrepanc ies . May be assisted by one o r m o re c lass B accounting c le rks .

C lass B . Under c lose supervis ion, fo l low ing detailed instructions and standardized p rocedures , p e r fo rm s one or m o re routine accounting c l e r ica l operations, such as posting to ledgers , cards, o r worksheets where identif ication of items and locations of postings are c lea r ly indicated; checking accuracy and com pleteness of standardized and repetit ive records or accounting documents; and coding documents using a few p rescr ibed accounting codes.

B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R

Operates a bookkeeping machine (with o r without a typew rite r keyboard) to keep a r e co rd of business transactions.

C lass A . K eeps a set o f reco rds requ ir ing a knowledge of exper ience in basic bookkeeping princ ip les , and fa m i l ia r i ty with the structure of the part icu lar accounting system used. D eterm ines proper records and d istribution o f debit and c red it i tem s to be used in each phase of the work. M ay p repa re consolidated reports , balance sheets, and other records by hand.


BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR— Continued

Class B . K eeps a reco rd o f one o r m o re phases o r sections of a set o f r eco rds usually requ ir ing l i t t le knowledge o f basic bookkeeping. Phases o r sect ions include accounts payable, payro l l , cus tom ers ' accounts (not including a s im p le type o f b i l l ing descr ibed under m achine b i l l e r ) , cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory control, etc. M ay check or ass ist in preparation o f t r ia l balances and p repare contro l sheets fo r the accounting department.

M AC H IN E B IL L E R

P re p a re s statements, b i l ls , and invo ices on a machine other than an ord inary or e le c t ro m a t ic typ ew r i te r . M ay also keep reco rds as to b il l ings or shipping charges or p e r fo rm other c le r ic a l work incidental to b il l ing operations. F o r wage study purposes, m achine b i l le rs are c lass i f ied by type o f machine, as fo l lows:

B i l l in g -m ach in e b i l l e r . Uses a spec ia l b il l ing m achine (combination typing and adding m achine) to p repare b i l ls and invo ices f rom custom ers ' purchase o rd e rs , in terna lly p repared o rd e rs , shipping m em oranda, etc. Usually invo lves application o f p redeterm ined discounts and shipping charges and entry o f n ecessa ry extensions, which m ay o r m ay not be computed on the b il l ing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually invo lves a la rge number o f carbon copies of the b il l being p repared and is often done on a fanfold machine.

Bookkeeping-m achine b i l l e r . Uses a bookkeeping machine (with or without a ty p ew r i te r keyboard ) to p repare custom ers ' b i l ls as part o f the accounts r ece ivab le operation . G en era l ly invo lves the simultaneous entry of f igu res on custom ers ' l e d ge r r eco rd . The machine automatically accumulates f igu res on a number o f v e r t ic a l columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or c red it balances. Does not invo lve a knowledge of bookkeeping. W orks fro m uniform and standard types of sales and cred it s lips.

P A Y R O L L C L E R K

P e r fo r m s the c le r ic a l tasks necessa ry to p rocess payro l ls and to maintain payro l l r e c o rd s . W o rk invo lves m os t o f the fo l low ing : P ro c es s in gw o rk e rs ' t im e o r production reco rds ; adjusting w o rk e rs ' r eco rds fo r changes in wage rates, supplementary benefits , or tax deductions; editing payro l l l is t ings against source reco rds ; trac ing and co r rec t in g e r r o r s in l is t ings ; and assisting in p reparation o f pe r iod ic sum m ary payro l l r ep o r ts . In a non- automated payro l l system , computes wages . W ork m ay requ ire a p rac t ica l knowledge o f governm enta l regulations, company payro l l po l icy , or the computer system fo r p rocess ing payro l ls .

K E Y E N T R Y O P E R A T O R

Operates a keypunch machine to reco rd or v e r i f y alphabetic and/or numeric data on tabulating cards o r on tape.

Pos it ions are c la ss i f ied into le v e ls on the basis o f the fo l low ing definitions:

C lass A . W ork requ ires the application o f exper ien ce and judgment in se lecting p rocedures to be fo l low ed and in search ing for , interpreting, se lecting, o r coding item s to be keypunched f rom a va r ie ty o f source documents. On occas ion m ay also p e r fo rm some routine keypunch work . May train inexperienced keypunch opera tors .

KEY ENTRY OPERATOR— Continued

Class B . W ork is routine and repe t i t iv e . Under c lose superv is ion or fo llow ing spec if ic procedures or instructions, works f ro m various standardized source documents which have been coded, and fo l lows specif ied procedures which have been p resc r ib ed in deta il and requ ire l i t t le or no se lecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be reco rded . R e fe r s to superv isor problems aris ing from erroneous items o r codes or m iss ing inform ation.

Professional and Technical

C O M P U T E R SYSTEMS A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS

Analyzes business prob lem s to form u late p rocedures fo r solv ing them by use o f e lectron ic data p rocess ing equipment. Develops a com plete descr ip t ion o f all specif ications needed to enable p ro g ra m m ers to p repare requ ired d ig ita l computer p rogram s. W ork invo lves m os t o f the fo l low ing : Ana lyzes subject-matter operations to be automated and identif ies conditions and c r i t e r ia required to achieve sa t is fac tory resu lts ; spec i f ies number and types o f records , f i le s , and documents to be used; outlines actions to be p e r fo rm ed by personnel and computers in su ff ic ien t detail f o r presentation to m anagement and fo r p rogram m ing ( typ ica l ly this invo lves preparation of work and data f low charts); coordinates the deve lopm ent o f tes t p rob lem s and part ic ipates in t r ia l runs of new and re v is ed sys tem s; and recom m ends equipment changes to obtain m o re e f fe c t iv e o v e r a l l operations. (N O TE : W orke rs per fo rm ing both systems analysis and p rogram m in g should be c la s s if ied as systems analysts if this is the sk il l used to de term ine their pay.)

Does not include employees p r im a r i l y respons ib le fo r the m anagement or supervis ion of other e lec tron ic data p rocess ing em ployees , or sys tems analysts p r im ar i ly concerned with sc ien t i f ic o r engineering p rob lem s.

F o r wage study purposes, system s analysts are c la ss i f ied asfo l lows:

C lass A . Works independently o r under on ly g en era l d irec t ion on com plex problem s involving all phases o f system s analysis. P ro b lem s are com plex because o f d iverse sources o f input data and m ult ip le -use r e q u ir e ments of output data. (F o r example, deve lops an integrated production scheduling, inventory control, cost analysis, and sales analysis reco rd in which e v e r y item of each type is autom atica l ly p rocessed through the full system o f records and appropriate fo llowup actions are init iated by the computer.) Confers with persons concerned to d e term ine the data p rocess ing prob lem s and advises sub ject-m atter personne l on the implicat ions of new or rev is ed systems of data p rocess ing operations. Makes recomm endations, i f needed, f o r approval o f m a jo r sys tem s installations or changes and fo r obtaining equipment.

M ay provide functional d irect ion to lo w e r le v e l system s analysts who are assigned to assist.

C lass B . W orks independently o r under on ly genera l d irec t ion on prob lem s that are re la t iv e ly uncomplicated to analyze, plan, p rogram , and operate . P rob lem s are of l im ited com p lex ity because sources o f input data are homogeneous and the output data are c lo s e ly re la ted . (F o r example,


deve lops sys tem s fo r mainta ining depos itor accounts in a bank, maintaining accounts rec e iv a b le in a re ta i l establishment, or maintaining inventory accounts in a m anufacturing o r wholesa le establishment.) Confers with p e r sons concerned to de te rm in e the data p rocess ing prob lem s and advises sub ject -m atter personnel on the implications of the data p rocess ing systems to be applied.

COM PUTER SYSTEMS A N A LY S T , BUSINESS— Continued

OR

W orks on a segm ent of a com plex data p rocess ing scheme or system , as d esc r ib ed fo r c lass A . W orks independently on routine assignments and r e c e iv e s instruction and guidance on com plex assignments. W ork is r e v iew ed f o r accuracy o f judgment, compliance with instructions, and to insure p ro p er a lignm ent with the o v e ra l l system.

C lass C . W orks under im mediate supervis ion, c a r ry in g out analyses as ass igned, usually o f a s ingle activ ity . Assignments are designed to deve lop and expand p ra c t ica l experience in the application of p rocedures and sk il ls requ ired fo r sys tem s analysis work . F o r example, m ay ass is t a higher l e v e l sys tem s analyst by p repar ing the detailed specif ications requ ired by p ro g r a m m e r s f r o m in fo rm ation developed by the higher le v e l analyst.

C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BUSINESS

C onver ts statements o f business prob lem s, typ ica l ly p repared by a system s analyst, into a sequence of detailed instructions which are required tq so lve the p rob lem s by automatic data p rocess ing equipment. Working from charts o r d iag ram s , the p ro g ra m m e r develops the p rec is e instructions which, when entered into the com puter system in coded language, cause the manipulation o f data to ach ieve d es ired resu lts. W ork involves m os t of the fo l lo w in g : App l ies know ledge o f computer capabilit ies , m athem atics , log icem ployed by com puters , and part icu lar subject m atte r invo lved to analyze charts and d iag ram s o f the p rob lem to be p rogram m ed; develops sequence of p ro g ra m steps; w r i t e s de ta i led f low charts to show o rder in which data w i l l be p ro cessed ; conver ts these charts to coded instructions fo r machine to fo l low ; tes ts and c o r re c ts p rog ram s ; prepares instructions fo r operating p erson ne l during production run; analyzes, rev iew s , and a lters p rogram s to in c rease operating e f f i c ien cy o r adapt to new requ irem ents ; maintains r e cords o f p ro g ra m deve lopm ent and rev is ions . (N O TE : W o rk e rs p e r fo rm ingboth sys tem s analysis and p rogram m in g should be c la ss i f ied as systems analysts i f this is the sk i l l used to determ ine their pay.)

Does not include em ployees p r im a r i ly responsible fo r the m anagement o r superv is ion o f other e lec tron ic data p rocess ing em ployees , or p ro g ra m m ers p r im a r i l y concerned with sc ien ti f ic and/or engineering prob lem s.

F o r wage study purposes, p ro g ra m m ers are c la ss i f ied as fo l lows:

C lass A . W orks independently or under only genera l d irec t ion on com p lex p rob lem s which req u ire competence in all phases o f p rogram m ing concepts and p ra c t ic e s . W ork ing f rom d iagram s and charts which identify the nature o f d e s i r e d resu lts , m a jo r p rocess ing steps to be accom plished, and the re la t ionsh ips between various steps of the prob lem solv ing routine; plans the fu l l range o f p ro g ram m in g actions needed to e f f ic ien t ly u t i l iz e the com puter sys tem in ach iev ing des ired end products.

A t this le v e l , p rogram m in g is d i f f icu lt because computer equipment must be o rgan ized to produce s eve ra l in terre la ted but d iverse products from numerous and d iv e rse data e lem ents. A w ide va r ie ty and extensive number o f internal p rocess ing actions must occur. This requ ires such actions as development of common operations which can be reused, establishment of l inkage points between operations, adjustments to data when program r e quirements exceed computer storage capacity, and substantial manipulation and resequencing of data elements to fo rm a highly integrated program .

M ay prov ide functional d irec t ion to low er le v e l p rogram m ers who are assigned to assist.

C lass B . W orks independently or under only genera l d irection on r e la t iv e ly s im p le p rogram s , or on s imple segments o f com plex program s. P ro g ra m s (o r segm ents ) usually p rocess in formation to produce data in two or three va r ied sequences or fo rm a ts . Reports and listings are produced by refin ing, adapting, array ing, or making m inor additions to or deletions from input data which are read i ly available. While numerous records m ay be processed , the data have been refined in p r io r actions so that the accuracy and sequencing o f data can be tested by using a f e w routine checks. T yp ica l ly , the p rogram deals with r o u t i n e recordkeep ing operations.

OR

W orks on com p lex p rogram s (as descr ibed fo r class A ) under c lose d irec t ion o f a h igher le v e l p ro g ra m m er o r superv isor . May assist higher le v e l p ro g ra m m er by independently p e r fo rm ing less d ifficult tasks assigned, and per fo rm in g m ore d i f f icu lt tasks under fa i r ly c lose d irection.

M ay guide or instruct low er le v e l p ro g ra m m ers .

C lass C . M akes p ract ica l applications o f p rogram m ing pract ices and concepts usually learned in fo rm a l training courses . Assignments are designed to develop com petence in the application of standard procedures to routine p rob lem s. R e ce iv e s c lose superv is ion on new aspects of assignments; and w o rk is rev iew ed to v e r i f y its accuracy and conformance with requ ired procedures .

C O M P U T E R O P E R A T O R

M on itors and operates the contro l console o f a digita l computer to p rocess data according to operating instructions, usually prepared by a p ro g ra m m er . W ork includes m ost of the fo l low ing ; Studies instructions to de term ine equipment setup and operations; loads equipment with required items (tape r e e ls , cards, etc.) ; switches necessa ry auxil iary equipment into c ircu it , and starts and operates computer; makes adjustments to computer to c o r re c t operating p rob lem s and m ee t specia l conditions; rev iews e r r o r s made during operation and de term ines cause or r e f e r s prob lem to superv isor or p ro g ra m m er ; and maintains operating reco rds . M ay test and assist in co r re c t in g p rogram .

F o r wage study purposes, computer opera tors are c lass if ied asfo l low s ;

COMPUTER PROGRAMMER, BUSINESS— Continued

Class A . Operates independently, or under only genera l direction, a computer running p rogram s with m os t o f the fo l low ing character ist ics ; New p rogram s are frequently tested and introduced; scheduling requirements


COMPUTER OPERATOR— Continued

are of c r i t ic a l importance to m in im ize downtime; the p rogram s are of com plex design so that identif ication o f e r r o r source often requ ires a working knowledge o f the total p rogram , and alternate p rogram s m ay not be available. M ay g ive d irec t ion and guidance to low er le v e l opera tors .

C lass B . Operates independently, o r under only genera l d irection , a computer running p rogram s with m os t o f the fo l low ing charac ter is t ics : M os t of the p rogram s are established production runs, typ ica l ly run on a regu la r ly recu rr in g basis; there is l i t t le o r no testing o f new p rogram s required; alternate p rog ram s are prov ided in case o r ig in a l p rogram needs m a jo r change o r cannot be co r re c ted within a reasonab ly short t im e . In common e r r o r situations, diagnoses cause and takes c o r re c t iv e action. This usually invo lves applying p rev iou s ly p rogram m ed c o r re c t iv e steps, or using standard co r rec t io n techniques.

OR

Operates under d ire c t superv is ion a computer running p rogram s or segments o f p rogram s with the charac te r is t ics descr ibed fo r c lass A . May ass is t a h igher le v e l opera tor by independently pe r fo rm in g less d if f icu lt tasks assigned, and per fo rm ing d if f icu lt tasks fo l low ing deta iled instructions and with frequent r ev iew o f operations p e r fo rm ed .

C lass C . Works on routine p rogram s under c lose superv is ion . Is expected to develop work ing knowledge of the computer equipment used and ability to detect prob lem s involved in running routine p ro gram s . Usually has rece ived some fo rm a l training in computer operation. M ay ass is t higher le v e l operator on com plex p rogram s .

D R A F T E R

Class A . P lans the graphic presentation o f com plex items having distinctive design features that d i f fe r s ign if icantly f rom established drafting precedents. W orks in c lose support with the design or ig ina tor, and m ay recomm end m inor design changes. Ana lyzes the e f fec t o f each change on the details o f fo rm , function, and posit ional relationships o f components and parts. W orks with a m in im um of su perv iso ry ass istance. Completed work is rev iew ed by design or ig ina to r fo r consistency with p r io r engineering determ inations. M ay e ither p repare drawings or d i r e c t their preparation by low er le v e l d ra fte rs .

C lass B . P e r f o r m s nonroutine and com plex draft ing assignments that requ ire the application o f m os t of the standardized drawing techr iques regu la r ly used. Duties typ ica l ly invo lve such w o rk as: P rep a re s workingdrawings o f subassemblies with i r re g u la r shapes, m ultip le functions, and p rec is e posit ional relationships between components; prepares architectural drawings f o r construction o f a building including detail drawings o f foundations, w a l l sect ions, f lo o r plans, and roo f. Uses accepted formulas and manuals in making necessa ry computations to de term ine quantities of m ate r ia ls to be used, load capacit ies , strengths, s tresses , etc. R e ce iv e s initial instructions, requ irem ents , and advice f rom superv isor . Com pleted work is checked fo r technica l adequacy.

DRAFTER— Continued

Class C . P rep a res detail drawings of single units o r parts for engineering, construction, manufacturing, o r r ep a ir purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isom etr ic p ro ject ions (depicting three dimensions in accurate scale ) and sectional v iews to c la r i fy positioning of components and convey needed information. Consolidates deta ils from a number of sources and adjusts or transposes sca le as requ ired . Suggested methods of approach, applicable precedents, and advice on source m ate r ia ls are g iven with initial assignments. Instructions are less com plete when assignments recur . W ork m ay be spot-checked during p ro g re s s .

D R A F T E R -T R A C E R

Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing trac ing cloth or paper o ve r drawings and trac ing with pen o r pencil. (Does not include tracing l im ited to plans p r im a r i l y consisting o f stra ight l ines and a la r ge scale not requiring c lose delineation.)

AND/OR

P rep a res simple or repe t it ive drawings of eas i ly v isua lized items. W ork is c lose ly supervised during p ro g r e s s .

E LE C TR O N IC S TE CH N IC IAN

Works on various types of e lec t ron ic equipment and rela ted devices by per form ing one or a combination of the fo l low ing : Installing, maintaining,repair ing , overhauling, troubleshooting, m od ify ing, constructing, and testing. W ork requires pract ica l application o f technica l knowledge of e lectron ics princ ip les , ability to determ ine malfunctions, and sk il l to put equipment in required operating condition.

The equipment— consisting o f e ither m any d i f fe ren t kinds o f c ircuits or multip le repetition of the same kind of c ircu it— includes, but is not l im ited to, the following: (a) E lectron ic transmitting and rece iv in g equipment (e .g . ,radar, radio, te levision, telephone, sonar, navigational aids), (b) d ig ita l and analog computers, and (c) industrial and m ed ica l m easur ing and contro ll ing equipment.

This c lass if icat ion excludes r ep a ir e rs of such standard e lec tron ic equipment as common o f f ice machines and household radio and te lev is ion sets; production assemblers and te s te rs ; w o rk e rs whose p r im a ry duty is serv ic ing e lectron ic test instruments; technicians who have adm inistrative or superv isory responsibil ity; and d ra ft e rs , des igners , and pro fess iona l engineers.

Posit ions are c lass if ied into le v e ls on the basis of the fo l low ing definitions.

Class A . Applies advanced technica l knowledge to solve unusually com plex problems ( i .e ., those that typ ica l ly cannot be solved so le ly by r e f e r ence to m anufacturers ' manuals or s im i la r documents) in work ing on e le c tron ic equipment. Examples of such p rob lem s include location and density of c ircu it ry , e lectromagnetic radiation, isolat ing malfunctions, and frequent engineering changes. W ork involves: A detailed understanding of the in terrelationships of c ircuits; exerc is ing independent judgment in pe r fo rm in g such tasks as making c ircu it analyses, calculating w ave fo rm s , trac ing re la t ionships in signal flow; and regu lar ly using com p lex test instruments (e .g . , dual trace osc i l loscope ’ Q -m ete rs , deviation m e te rs , pulse genera tors ) .


W ork m a y be r e v iew ed by superv isor ( frequently an engineer or des igner ) fo r gen era l com pliance with accepted p ract ices . M ay prov ide technica l guidance to low er l e v e l technicians.

C lass B . App lies com prehensive technical knowledge to solve com p lex p rob lem s ( i . e . , those that typ ica l ly can be solved so le ly by p roper ly interpret ing m anu fac tu rers ' manuals o r s im i la r documents) in working on e lec tron ic equipment. W ork involves: A fam i l ia r i ty with the in terre la t ion ships o f c ircu its ; and judgment in determining work sequence and in se lecting tools and testing instruments, usually less com plex than those used by the c lass A technician.

R e c e iv e s technica l guidance, as required, from superv isor or higher le v e l technician, and w o rk is rev iew ed for spec if ic compliance with accepted p ract ices and w o rk assignments. May provide technical guidance to low er le v e l technicians.

C lass C . App l ies w ork ing technical knowledge to p e r fo rm s imple or routine tasks in work ing on e lec tron ic equipment, following detailed instructions which c o v e r v ir tu a l ly all procedures. W ork typ ica l ly invo lves such tasks as: Ass is t in g h igher l e v e l technicians by perform ing such activ it ies asrep lac ing components, w ir in g c ircu its, and taking test readings; repa ir ing s im p le e lec tron ic equipment; and using tools and common test instruments (e .g . , m u lt im ete rs , audio s ignal generators, tube tes ters , osc i l lo scopes ) . Is not requ ired to be fa m i l ia r with the interrelationships of c ircu its . This knowledge, h ow ever , m ay be acquired through assignments designed to in c rease com petence ( including c lassroom training) so that w o rk e r can , advance to h igher le v e l technician.

R e c e iv e s technica l guidance, as required, from superv isor or higher le v e l technician. W o rk is typ ica l ly spot checked, but is g iven detailed rev iew when new o r advanced assignments are involved.

R E G IS TE R E D IN D U S T R IA L NURSE

A r eg is te red nurse who g ives nursing s e rv ice under genera l m ed ica l d irec t ion to i l l o r injured em ployees or other persons who become i l l or su ffer an accident on the p rem ises of a fac tory or other establishment. Duties invo lve a combination o f the fo l low ing : Giving f i r s t aid to the i l l orinjured; attending to subsequent d ress ing of employees ' in juries ; keeping reco rds o f patients treated ; p repar ing accident reports fo r compensation or other purposes; ass isting in physica l examinations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees ; and planning and carry ing out p rogram s involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other act iv it ies a ffect ing the health, w e l fa re , and safety o f all personnel. Nursing su perv iso rs o r head nurses in establishments employing m ore than one nurse are excluded.

Maintenance, Toolroom, and Powerplant

M A IN T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R

P e r fo r m s the ca rpen try duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repa ir build ing woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partit ions, doors , f lo o rs , sta irs , casings, and tr im made of wood in an establishment. W ork involves m ost of the fo l low ing : Planning and

ELECTRONICS TECHNICIAN— Continued

laying out o f work f rom blueprints, drawings, m ode ls , or verbal instructions; using a var ie ty o f carpen ter 's handtools, portable power tools, and standard m easuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and se lecting m ate r ia ls necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requ ires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a f o r m a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience .

M A IN T E N A N C E E L E C T R IC IA N

P e r fo r m s a va r ie ty o f e le c t r ica l trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, o r repa ir o f equipment fo r the generation, distribution, or util ization of e le c t r ic energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the fo l low ing : Installing o r repair ing any of a var ie ty o f e lec tr ica l equip-ment such as genera tors , t ran s fo rm ers , switchboards, con tro l lers , c ircu it b reakers , m oto rs , heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; work ing from blueprints, drawings, layouts, or other spec i f i cations; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c t r ica l system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of w ir ing or e le c t r ica l equipment; and using a var ie ty o f e lec t r ic ian 's handtools and m easuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance e lec tr ic ian requ ires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

M A IN T E N A N C E P A IN T E R

Paints and redecora tes wa lls , woodwork, and fixtures of an establishment. W ork invo lves the fo l low ing : Knowledge of surface peculiarit iesand types of paint required fo r d if ferent applications; preparing surface for painting by rem oving old finish or by placing putty or f i l l e r in nail holes and in terst ices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May m ix co lo rs , o i ls , white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper co lo r or consistency. In genera l, the w ork of the maintenance painter requ ires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience .

M A IN T E N A N C E M AC H IN IST

Produces rep lacem ent parts and new parts in making repairs of m eta l parts of m echanica l equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llow ing: Interpreting wr itten instructions and specifications; planning and laying out o f work; using a va r ie ty of machinist 's handtools and p rec is ion m easuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping o f m eta l parts to c lose to lerances; making standard shop computations rela ting to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working propert ies of the common m eta ls ; selecting standard m ate r ia ls , parts, and equipment required for this work; and fitting and assembling parts into mechanica l equipment. In genera l, the m ach in is t 's work norm ally requ ires a rounded training in machine-shop pract ice usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

M A IN T E N A N C E M EC H AN IC (M achinery )

Repa irs m ach inery o r mechanical equipment o f an establishment. W ork involves m os t o f the fo l low ing : Examining machines and mechanicalequipment to d iagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and per fo rm ing repa irs that m ain ly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; rep lac ing broken o r de fect ive parts with items

M AINTENANCE CARPENTER— Continued


obtained f ro m stock; o rder in g the production o f a rep lacem en t part by a machine shop or sending the m achine to a machine shop fo r m a jo r repa irs ; preparing wr it ten spec if icat ions fo r m a jo r repa irs o r fo r the production of parts ordered fro m machine shops; reassem bling machines; and making all necessary adjustments fo r operation. In genera l, the w ork of a m ach inery maintenance mechanic requ ires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticeship or equivalent tra ining and exp e r i ence. Excluded from this c lass i f ica t ion are w o rk e rs whose p r im a ry duties involve setting up o r adjusting m achines.

M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M oto r veh ic le )

R epa irs automobiles, buses, m oto rtrucks , and trac tors of an establishment. W o rk invo lves m ost of the fo l low in g ; Examining automotive equipment to d iagnose source o f trouble; d isassem bling equipment and per fo rm ing repa irs that invo lve the use o f such handtools as wrenches , gauges, d r i l ls , or spec ia l ized equipment in d isassem bling or f itting parts; rep lac ing broken or de fec t ive parts f ro m stock; grinding and adjusting va lves ; reassem bling and installing the var ious assem blies in the veh ic le and making necessary adjustments; and aligning wheels , adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In genera l, the work o f the m oto r veh ic le maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formed apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience .

This c lass i f ica t ion does not include mechanics w h o repa ir custom ers ' veh ic les in automobile repa ir shops.

M A IN T E N A N C E P IP E F IT T E R

Installs or repa irs w ater , steam, gas, o r other types o f pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. W ork invo lves m os t o f the fo l low in g : Lay ingout work and m easuring to locate position of p ipe f rom drawings o r other written specif ications; cutting various s izes of pipe to c o r r e c t lengths with chisel and hamm er or oxyacety lene torch or pipe-cutting machines; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or pow er -d r iv en machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations re la t ing to p ressu res , f low, and s ize of pipe required; and making standard tests to de term ine whether finished pipes m eet specif ications. In general, the w ork o f the maintenance p ipef itter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticeship or equivalent tra ining and experience . W orke rs p r im a r i ly engaged in installing and repa ir ing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded.

MAINTENANCE MECHANIC (Machinery)— Continued

M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T -M E T A L W O RKER

F abr ica tes , insta lls, and maintains in good repa ir the sheet-m eta l equipment and f ix tu res (such as machine guards, g rease pans, shelves, lockers , tanks, venti la tors , chutes, ducts, m eta l roof ing) o f an establishment. W ork involves m os t o f the fo l lo w in g : P lanning and laying out all types ofsheet-m eta l maintenance work f rom blueprints, m ode ls , or other spec i f i cations; setting up and operating all available types o f sheet-m eta l work ing machines; using a va r ie ty of handtools in cutting, bending, form ing, shaping, fitting, and assembling; and installing shee t-m eta l art ic les as required. In general, the w ork of the maintenance shee t-m eta l w o rk e r requ ires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience .

M ILLW RIGHT

Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines o r heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are requ ired . W ork involves m ost o f the fo l lo w in g ; Planning and lay ing out work; interpreting blueprints or other spec if ica t ions ; using a v a r ie ty o f handtools and r igg ing; making standard shop computations rela ting to s tresses , strength o f m ater ia ls , and centers o f g rav ity ; a ligning and balancing equipment; se lect ing standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transm iss ion equipment such as d r ives and speed reducers. In general, the m i l lw r ig h t 's w o rk norm ally requ ires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticeship or equivalent training and exper ien ce .

M A IN T E N A N C E TRADES H E LPE R

Ass is ts one or m o re w o rkers in the sk i l led maintenance trades, by pe r fo rm in g specif ic or genera l duties o f l e s s e r sk il l , such as keeping a w o rk e r supplied with m ate r ia ls ahd too ls ; c leaning work ing area, machine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding m a te r ia ls o r tools; and p e r fo rm ing other unskilled tasks as d irec ted by journeym an. The kind o f work the helper is perm itted to p e r fo rm va r ie s f ro m trade to trade: In sometrades the helper is confined to supplying, l i f t ing, and holding m a te r ia ls and tools, and cleaning work ing areas; and in others he is perm itted to p e r fo rm spec ia l iz ed machine operations, or parts o f a trade that are also p e r fo rm ed by w o rk e rs on a fu l l - t im e basis.

M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R (T oo lro om )

Specia lizes in operating one or m o re than one type o f m achine tool (e .g . , j i g bore r , grinding machine, engine lathe, m i l l in g m achine) to machine m eta l fo r use in making or maintaining j ig s , f ix tu res , cutting tools , gauges, or m eta l d ies or molds used in shaping o r fo rm in g m eta l o r nonmetall ic m a te r ia l (e .g . , p lastic, p laster, rubber, g lass ) . W o rk typ ica l ly in vo lves ; Planning and perform ing d if f icu lt machining operations which requ ire com plicated setups or a high degree o f accuracy; setting up machine tool or tools (e .g . , install cutting tools and adjust guides, stops, w ork ing tables, and other controls to handle the s ize o f stock to be machined; determ ine proper feeds, speeds, tooling, and operation sequence or se lec t those p re scribed in drawings, blueprints, o r layouts); using a va r ie ty o f p rec is ion m easuring instruments; making n ecessa ry adjustments during machining operation to achieve requis ite d imensions to v e r y c lose to leran ces . M ay be requ ired to se lec t proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o i ls , to recogn ize when tools need dressing, and to d ress too ls . In genera l, the w ork of a m ach ine-too l opera tor (too lroom ) at the sk il l l e v e l ca l led fo r in this c lass i f ica t ion requires extensive knowledge o f m ach ine-shop and too lroom pract ice usually acquired through considerab le on -the- job tra ining and experience .

F o r c ross- industry wage study purposes, this c lass i f ica t ion does not include m ach ine-too l operators ( to o lroom ) em p loyed in tool and die jobbing shops.

T O O L AN D DIE M A K E R

Constructs and repa irs j igs , f ix tu res , cutting tools , gauges, o r m eta l dies o r m olds used in shaping or fo rm in g m eta l o r nonmetall ic m a te r ia l (e .g . , p lastic , p laster, rubber, g lass ). W ork typ ica l ly in vo lv e s : P lanning and laying o u tw o r k according to m ode ls , blueprints, draw ings, o r other w r it ten o r o ra l specif icat ions; understanding the work ing p ro p er t ie s o f common m eta ls and


TOOL, AND DIE M AKER— Continued

a lloys ; se lec t ing appropria te m ate r ia ls , tools, and p ro cesses requ ired to com plete tasks; making necessa ry shop computations; setting up and o p e r ating var ious m achine tools and related equipment; using various tool and die m a k e r 's handtools and p rec is ion m easuring instruments; work ing to v e ry c lose to le ran ces ; h ea t- trea t ing m eta l parts and finished too ls and dies to ach ieve requ ired qua lit ies ; f itt ing and assembling parts to p resc r ib ed to le r ances and a l lowances . In genera l, the tool and die m a k e r 's w o rk requ ires rounded train ing in m ach ine-shop and too lroom pract ice usually acquired through formed apprenticesh ip o r equivalent t r a i n i n g and exper ien ce .

F o r c ro s s - in d u s try wage study purposes, this c lass i f ica t ion does not include tool and d ie m a k ers who ( 1) are employed in tool and die jobbing shops o r ( 2) produce fo rg in g dies (die s inkers ).

S T A T IO N A R Y E N G IN EE R

O pera tes and maintains and m ay also superv ise the operation of s tationary engines and equipment (mechanical o r e le c t r ic a l ) to supply the estab lishm ent in which em ployed with power, heat, r e f r ig e ra t io n , o r a ir- conditioning. W o rk invo lves : Operating and maintaining equipment such assteam engines, a ir c o m p res so r s , generators , m oto rs , turbines, ventilating and r e f r ig e ra t in g equipment, steam bo i le rs and b o i le r - fed w a ter pumps; m aking equipment r ep a ir s ; and keeping a reco rd of operation of m achinery, tem pera tu re , and fuel consumption. M ay also superv ise these operations. Head o r chie f eng ineers in establishments employing m o r e than one engineer are exc luded .

B O IL E R T E N D E R

F i r e s stat ionary b o i le r s to furnish the estab lishm ent in which em ployed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to f i r e by hand or operates a m echan ica l s toker, gas, or o i l burner; and checks w ater and safety v a lv es . M ay clean, o i l , o r assist in repair ing b o i le r room equipment.

Material Movement and Custodial

T R U C K D R IV E R

D r iv e s a truck within a c ity or industrial a rea to transport m a te r ia ls , m erchan d ise , equipment, or w o rke rs between various types of estab lishments such as: Manufacturing plants, f re igh t depots, warehouses,w ho lesa le and re ta i l establishments, or between reta i l establishments and cu s tom ers ' houses o r p laces o f business. May also load or unload truck with o r without he lpe rs , make m inor mechanica l repa irs , and keep truck in good w ork ing o rd e r . Sa lesroute and ove r - th e -road d r iv e r s are exc luded.

F o r wage study purposes, truckdr ivers are c la ss i f ied by type and rated capacity o f truck, as fo l lows:

T ru ck d r iv e r , l ight truck(s tra igh t truck, under IV2 tons, usually 4 wheels )

T ru ck d r iv e r , m ed ium truck(s tra igh t truck, IV2 to 4 tons inclusive, usually 6 whee ls )

T ru ck d r iv e r , heavy truck (s tra igh t truck, o v e r 4 tons, usually 10 wheels)

T ru ck d r iv e r , t r a c to r - t r a i l e r

SHIPPER AND RECEIVER

P e r fo r m s c le r i c a l and physica l tasks in connection with shipping goods o f the estab lishm ent in which employed and rece iv ing incoming shipments. In pe r fo rm in g day -to -day , routine tasks, fo llows established gu idelines. In handling unusual nonroutine p rob lem s, rece iv es specif ic guidance f ro m superv isor or other o f f ic ia ls . M ay d ire c t and coordinate the act iv it ies of other w o rk e rs engaged in handling goods to be shipped or being r ece ived .

Shippers typ ica l ly are respons ib le fo r m os t of the following: V e r ifying that o rders are accurate ly f i l led by com paring items and quantities of goods gathered fo r shipment against documents; insuring that shipments are p ro p e r ly packaged, identif ied with shipping information, and loaded into transporting veh ic les ; p repar ing and keeping reco rds of goods shipped, e.g., m an ifes ts , bills o f lading.

R e c e iv e rs typ ica l ly are respons ib le f o r m ost of the following: V e r i fy in g the co r re c tn ess of incoming shipments by comparing items and quantit ies unloaded against b il ls o f lading, invo ices, m anifests, storage rece ip ts , o r other reco rds ; checking fo r damaged goods; insuring that goods are appropria te ly identified fo r routing to departments within the establishment; p repar ing and keeping reco rds of goods rece ived .

F o r wage s t u d y purposes, w o rk e rs are c lass if ied as fo llows:

ShipperR e ce iv e rShipper and r e c e iv e r

W A REH O U SEM A N

As d irected , p e r fo rm s a va r ie ty of warehousing duties which requ ire an understanding o f the estab lishm ent 's storage plan. W ork involves m ost of the fo l lo w in g : V e r i fy in g m a te r ia ls (o r m erchand ise ) against rece iv ingdocuments, noting and report ing d iscrepanc ies and obvious damages; routing m a te r ia ls to p resc r ib ed storage locations; stor ing, stacking, o r palletiz ing m a te r ia ls in accordance with p resc r ib ed s torage methods; rearrang ing and taking inventory of s t o r e d m a te r ia ls ; examining stored m ater ia ls and report ing d e ter io ra t ion and damage; rem ov ing m a te r ia l from storage and prepar ing it fo r shipment. M ay operate hand or power trucks in perform ing warehousing duties.

Exclude w o rk e rs whose p r im a ry duties invo lve shipping and r e c e i v ing w o rk (s e e Shipper and R e c e iv e r and Shipping Packer ) , order f i l l ing (s ee O rde r F i l l e r ) , o r operating power trucks (see P o w e r -T ru c k Operator ).

ORDER F IL L E R

F i l l s shipping or t ran s fe r o rd e rs fo r f in ished goods from stored m erchand ise in accordance with spec if ica t ions on sales slips, customers ' o rd e rs , or other instructions. May, in addition to f i l l ing orders and indicating items f i l led o r omitted, keep reco rds of outgoing orders , requisition additional stock or repo r t short supplies to superv isor , and per fo rm other re la ted duties.

SH IPP ING P A C K E R

P re p a re s finished products fo r shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the spec i f ic operations p e r fo rm ed being dependent upon the type, s ize , and number o f units to be packed, the type o f container


SHIPPING PACKER— Continued

employed, and method o f shipment. W ork requ ires the placing of items in shipping containers and m ay invo lve one or m o r e o f the fo llow ing: Knowledgeof various items of stock in o rd e r to v e r i f y content; se lec t ion o f appropriate type and s ize o f container; insert ing enclosures in container; using e x ce ls io r or other m a te r ia l to p reven t breakage or damage; c los ing and sealing container; and applying labels o r enter ing identifying data on container. Pack ers who also make wooden boxes or cra tes are excluded.

M A T E R IA L H AN D LIN G L A B O R E R

A w o rk e r employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store , or other estab lishment whose duties involve one or m o re o f the fo llow ing: Loading and unloading various m a te r ia ls and m erchand ise on or from fre igh t cars, trucks, or other transporting d ev ices ; unpacking, shelving, o r placing m ate r ia ls o r m erchand ise in p roper storage location; and transporting m ate r ia ls or m erchand ise by handtruck, car, o r w h ee lbarrow . Longshore w o rke rs , who load and unload ships, are excluded.

P O W E R -T R U C K O P E R A T O R

Operates a manually contro l led gasoline- o r e le c t r ic powered truck or trac tor to transport goods and m a te r ia ls o f all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, o r other establishment.

F o r wage study purposes, w o rke rs are c lass i f ied by type o f power- truck, as fo l lows:

F o rk l i f t operatorP o w e r - t ru ck opera tor (other than fo rk l i f t )

GUARD

P ro tec ts p roper ty f rom theft or damage, o r persons from hazards or in ter ference . Duties involve serv ing at a f ixed post, making rounds on foot or by m otor veh ic le , or escort ing persons o r p roperty . M ay be deputized to make a r re s ts . M ay also help v is i to rs and custom ers by answering questions and g iv ing d irec t ions .

GUARD— Continued

Guards employed by establishments which prov ide p ro tec t ive s e r v ices on a contract basis are included in this occupation.

F o r wage study p u r p o s e s , guards are c lass i f ied as fo l lows:

Class A . Enforces regulations designed to prevent breaches of secu rity . E xerc ises judgment and uses d iscre t ion in dealing with e m e r gencies a n d security vio lations encountered. Determ ines whether f i r s t response should be to intervene d ire c t ly (asking fo r assistance when deemed n ecessa ry and time allows), to keep situation under surve i l lance, o r to repo r t situation so that it can be handled by appropriate authority. Duties requ ire spec ia l iz ed training in methods and techniques of protecting secu rity areas. Commonly, the guard is required to dem onstrate continuing physica l fitness and p ro f ic iency with f i rea rm s or other spec ia l weapons.

Class B . C a rr ie s out instructions p r im a r i l y or iented toward insuring that em ergencies and security v io lat ions are read i ly d iscovered and reported to appropriate authority. Intervenes d i r e c t ly only in situations which requ ire m in im al action to safeguard p ro p er ty o r persons. Duties r e qu ire m in im al training. Commonly, the guard is not requ ired to demonstrate physica l fitness. May be armed, but g en e ra l ly is not requ ired to demonstrate p ro f ic ien cy in the use of f i r ea rm s or spec ia l weapons.

J A N IT O R , P O R TE R , OR C L E A N E R

Cleans and keeps in an o rd e r ly condition fa c to ry work ing areas and washroom s, or p rem ises of an o f f ic e , apartment house, or c o m m erc ia l o r other establishment. Duties invo lve a combination o f the fo l low in g : Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing f lo o rs ; rem ov ing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, o r f ix tu res ; polishing m eta l f ix tu res or tr imm ings; providing supplies and m inor maintenance s e rv ic e s ; and cleaning lavator ies , showers, and r e s t ro o m s . W o rk e rs who spec ia l iz e in window washing are excluded.


Area Wage Surveys

A l is t o f the latest bulletins ava ilab le is presented below. Bulletins m ay be purchased f r o m any o f the BLS reg ional o f f ices shown on the back c o v e r , or f r o m the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government P r in t ing O f f ic e , Washington, D.C. 20402. Make checks payable to Superintendent of Documents. A d i r e c to r y o f occupational wage surveys , cove r in g the y ea rs 1970 through 1976, is ava i lab le on request.

Bulletin numberA r e a and p r i c e *

Ak ron , Ohio, D ec . 1978__________________________________________ 2025-63, $1.00Albany—Schenectady—T ro y , N .Y . , Sept. 1978 1_______________ 2025-58, $1.20Anaheim —Santa Ana—Garden G rov e ,

C a l i f . , Oct. 1978 1 _______________________________________________ 2025-65, $1.30Atlanta , Ga., M a y 1978 1---------------------------------------------------- 2025-28, $1.40B a l t im o re , M d . , Aug. 1978 1____________________________________ 2025-50, $1.50B i l l in gs , M ont., July 1978_______________________________________ 2025-38, $1.00B irm ingham , A la . , M a r . 1978__________________________________ 2025-15, 80 centsBoston, M a ss . , Aug. 19781 ----------------------------------------------- 2025-43, $1.50Bu ffa lo , N .Y . , Oct. 19781_______________________________________ 2025-71, $1.30Canton, Ohio, M ay 1978__________________________________________ 2025-22, 70 centsChattanooga, Tenn.—G a . , Sept. 1978 1-------------------------------- 2025-51, $1.20Chicago, 111., M ay 1978.................................................................... 2025-32, $1.30Cincinnati, Ohio—K y .—Ind., July 1978__________________________ 2025-39, $1.10C leve land , Ohio , Sept. 1978_____________________________________ 2025-49, $1.30Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 1978 1 ---------------------------------------------- 2025-59, $1.50Corpus C hr is t i , T e x . , July 1978________________________________ 2025-29, $1.00Dallas—F o r t W orth , T e x . , Oct. 1978 1________________________- 2025-52, $1.50Davenport—R ock Island—M o l in e , Iowa—111., Feb. 1978-------- 2025-6, 70 centsDayton, Ohio, Dec . 1978__________________________________________ 2025-66, $1.00Daytona Beach, F la . , Aug. 1978________________________________ 2025-48, $1.00Denver—B ou ld e r , C o lo . , Dec. 1978_____________________________ 2025-68, $1.20D etro i t , M ich . , M a r . 1978_______________________________________ 2025-11, $1.20F re sn o , C a l i f . , June 19781----------------------------------------------- 2025-31, $1.20G a in es v i l le , F la . , Sept. 1978---------------------------------------------- 2025-45, $1.00G reen Bay, W i s ., July 1978 1--------------------------------------------- 2025-41, $1.20G reen sb o ro—W in ston -Sa lem —High Point,

N .C . , Aug. 1978__________________________________________________ 2025-46, $1.00G ree n v i l l e — Spartanburg, S.C ., June 1978_____________________ 2025-30, $1.00H a r t fo rd , Conn., M a r . 1978 1--------------------------------------------- 202'5-14, $1.20Houston, T e x . , A p r . 1978________________________________________ 2025-23, $1.20Huntsv i l le , A la . , F eb . 1978----------------------------------------------- 2025-4, 70 centsIndianapolis , Ind., Oct. 1978 1-------------------------------------------- 2025-57, $1.50Jackson, M is s . , Jan. 1978-------------------------------------------------- 2025-1, 70 centsJacksonv i l le , F la . , D ec . 1978__________________________________ 2025-67, $1.00Kansas C ity , M o^ -K an s . , Sept. 1978___________________________ 2025-53, $1.30Los A n g e le s —Long Beach , C a l i f . , Oct. 1978 1-------------------- 2025-61, $1.50L o u is v i l l e , Ky.—Ind . , Nov . 1978________________________________ 2025-69, $1.00M em ph is , Tenn.—A rk .—M i s s ., N ov . 1978--------------------------- 2025-62, $1.00

Bulletin numberA r e a and p r ic e *

M ia m i, F la . , Oct. 1978 1 ........................................... ................... 2025-60, $1.30M ilwaukee , W is . , A p r . 19781_________________________________ 2025-18, $1.40M inneapolis—St. Pau l, Minn.—W is . , Jan. 1978 1______________ 2025-2, $1.40Nassau-Suffo lk , N .Y . , June 1978 1______________________________ 2025-33, $1.30N ew ark , N .J . , Jan. 1978 1...................................... 2025-7, $1.40N ew O r leans , La . , Jan. 1978____________________________________ 2025-5, $1.00N ew Y o rk , N .Y ^ N .J . , M ay 1978 1............................ 2025-35, $1.50N or fo lk—V irg in ia Beach—Portsmouth , Va.—

N .C . , M ay 1978.............................................. ................................ 2025-20, 70 centsN or fo lk—V irg in ia Beach—Portsmouth and

Newport News—Hampton, Va.—N .C . , May 1978_____________ 2025-21, 80 centsNortheast Pennsy lvania , Aug. 1978_____________________________ 2025-47, $1.00Oklahoma City, Ok la ., Aug. 1978___________ __________________ 2025-40, $1.00Omaha, N e b r —Iowa, Oct. 1978__________________________________ 2025-56, $1.00Pa te rson—Clifton—P a s s a ic , N .J ., June 1978 1_______________ 2025-36, $1.20Philadelphia , Pa.—N.J ., Nov. 1978_____________________________ 2025-54, $1.30Pittsburgh, Pa . , Jan. 1978______________________________________ 2025-3, $1.10Port land, M aine , Dec. 1978 1 ____________________________ 2025-70, $1.20Port land , O reg .—W ash ., M ay 1978______________________________ 2025-25, $1.00Poughkeepsie , N .Y . , June 1978 1 ______________________________ 2025-37, $1.10Poughkeepsie—Kingston—N ew bu rgh , N .Y . , June 1978 1_____ 2025-42, $1.20P ro v id en ce—W arw ick—Pawtucket, R .I.—

M ass . , June 1978_______________________________________________ 2025-27, $1.40Richmond, Va . , June 1978______________________________________ 2025-26, 80 centsSt. Lou is , Mo.—111., M ar . 1978___________________________________ 2025-13, $1.20Sacramento, C a l i f . , Dec. 1978___________________________________ 2025-75, $1.00Saginaw, M ich ., Nov . 1978_____________________________________ 2025-64, $1.00Salt Lake City—Ogden, Utah, Nov . 1978 *____________________ 2025-72, $1.30San Antonio, T ex . , M ay 1978____________________________________ 2025-17, 70 centsSan D iego , C a l i f . , Nov. 1978...................... ................................. 2025-73, $1.00San F ran c isco—Oakland, C a l i f . , M ar . 1978 1___________________ 2025-10, $1.40San Jose , C a l i f . , M ar . 1978 1............ .......................................... 2025-9, $1.20Seattle—E v e r e t t , Wash ., Dec. 1978___________________________ 2025-74, $1.00South Bend, Ind., Aug. 1978____________________________________ 2025-44, $1.00To ledo , Ohio—M ich ., M ay 1978*________________________________ 2025-24, $1.20Trenton , N .J . , Sept. 1978 1______________________________________ 2025-55, $1,20Utica—R om e, N .Y . , July 1978__________________________________ 2025-34, $1.00Washington, D.C.—Md.—V a . , M ar . 1978 1 ____________________ 2025-12, $1.40W ich ita , Kans., A p r . 1978______________________________________ 2025-16, 80 centsW o rc e s te r , M ass . , A p r . 19781________________________________ 2025-19, $1.10Y o rk , Pa . , Feb. 19781.................................. ................................. 2025-8, $1.10

Prices are determined by the Government Printing Office and are subject to change. Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.


U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212Official Business Penalty for private use, $300

Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Offices

Region I

1603 JF K Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass 02203 Phone: 223-6761 (AreaCode617)

ConnecticutMaineMassachusetts New Hampshire Rhode Island Vermont

Region V

9th Floor, 230S. Dearborn St.Chicago, III. 60604Phone: 353-1880 (AreaC ode312)

IllinoisIndianaMichiganMinnesotaOhioWisconsin

Region II

Suite 34001515 BroadwayNew York, N.Y. 10036Phone: 399-5406 (AreaCode212)

New Jersey New York Puerto Rico Virgin Islands

Region VI

Second Floor555 Griffin Square BuildingDallas, Tex. 75202Phone: 767-69 71 (AreaC ode214)

Arkansas Louisiana New Mexico Oklahoma Texas

Region 111

3535 Market Street.P.0. Box 13309Philadelphia, Pa. 19101Phone: 596-1154 (AreaCode215)

DelawareDistrict of ColumbiaMarylandPennsylvaniaVirginiaWest Virginia

Regions VII and VIIIFederal Office Building 911 Walnut St., 15th Floor Kansas City, Mo. 64106 Phone 374-2481 (Area Code 816)

VII VIIIIowa ColoradoKansas MontanaMissouri North DakotaNebraska South Dakota

UtahWyoming

Postage and Fees Paid U.S. Department of Labor

Third Class Mail

Lab-441

Region IV

Suite 5401371 Peachtree St., N.E.Atlanta, Ga. 30309 Phone:881-4418 (Area Code 404)

Alabama Florida Georgia Kentucky Mississippi North Carolina South Carolina Tennessee

Regions IX and X

450 Golden Gate Ave.Box 36017San Francisco, Calif. 94102 Phone:556-4678 (Area Code 415)

IXArizonaCaliforniaHawaiiNevada

XAlaskaIdahoOregonWashington


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