bls_0576_1933.pdf

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABORW . N. DOAK, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSCHARLES E. BALDWIN, Acting Commissioner

BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES 1 fcT C TC BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS/................... I l O . D / D

W A G E S A N D H O U R S OF L A B O R S E R I E S

WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN THE SLAUGHTERING AND MEAT-PACKING INDUSTRY

1 9 3 1

FEBRUARY, 1933

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON: 1933

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents* Washington, D. C. - - - Price IS cents

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

C o n te n ts

PageTrend of hours and earnings in the industry, 1917 to 1931_____________ 1Time worked and earnings, 1929 and 1931, by sex and State___________ 39Average and classified earnings per hour, by occupation________________ 42Regular or customary hours of operation_____________________________ 48Changes in hours and wage rates____________________________________ 62Pay for overtime, 1931______________________________________________ 63Guaranteed hours of pay per week___________________________________ 66Bonus and penalty systems__________________________________________ 67Indexes of employment and of pay rolls______________________________ 70Scope and method__________________________________________________ 71Importance of the industry__________________________________________ 73General tables______________________________________________________ 75

T able A.—Average days on which wage earners worked, average fulltime and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, by department, sex,occupation, and district_______________________________________ 76

Table B.—Average and classified earnings per hour in 30 specifiedoccupations, 1931, by department, sex, and district______________ 128

Table C.—Average and classified full-time hours per week in 30 specified occupations, 1931, by department, sex, and district--------------- 138

T able D.—Average and classified hours actually worked in one weekin 30 specified occupations, 1931, by department, sex, and district. 145

T able E.—Average and classified actual earnings in one week in 30specified occupations, 1931, by department, sex, and district-------- 156

in


BULLETIN OF THE

U.S.BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSn o . 576 WASHINGTON D e cem b er, 1932

WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN THE SLAUGHTERING AND MEAT-PACKING INDUSTRY IN 1931

This report presents the results of a study of wages and hours of labor of wage earners in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry in the United States in the autumn of 1931.1 The data cover 53,555 wage earners of 90 representative meat-packing establishments in 26 States and were collected for a pay period of one week in October, November, or December.

Trend of Hours and Earnings in the Industry, 1917 to 1931Table 1 presents for 1917 and for each odd year, 1921 to 1931,

summary figures for the wage earners (for each sex separately and for both sexes combined) in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, and for each occupation in 13 of the more important departments in the industry; namely, cattle-killing, hog-killing, sheep-killing, and calf- killing, offal (other than hides and casings), hide, casing, fresh-beef cutting, fresh-pork cutting, lard and oleo-oil, sausage, cured-meat, canning, and maintenance and repair. Index numbers of these averages with the 1921 average taken as the base, or 100 per cent, are also presented in the table. The purpose of these indexes is to make easy comparison of the averages one year with another over the period 1917 to 1931.

Average full-time hours per week of males in 1931 in all occupations in the 13 departments covered in the study were 49.2 or 0.1 hour per week less than in 1929; of females and of both sexes combined (or the industry) were the same, 48.9 and 49.2, respectively, for both years, 1929 and 1931.

By occupations, average full-time hours per week of males in 1931 ranged from 46.3 for machine tenders, washing and painting in the canning department, to 56.2 for smokers in the cured-meat department; and of females ranged from 46.6 for inspectors and graders to 51.0 for chiselers, cheekers, and templers, both of which occupations are in the offal (other than hides and casings) department.

Index numbers of average full-time hours per week of males in all occupations increased from 100.0 in 1921 to 107.9 in 1923, then

* For previous studies, see XJ. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Bulletins Nos. 252,294,373,421,472, and 535.1


2 SLAUGHTERING AND MEAT PACKING

decreased gradually to 101.7 in 1931; of females increased from 100.0 in 1921 to 109.3 inl923,thenreceded to 101.2 in 1929 and in 1931; and of both sexes combined increased from 100.0 in 1921 to 108.1 in 1923, then decreased to 101.7 in 1929 and in 1931.

Earnings per hour for the male wage earners in this industry averaged47.0 cents in 1931 as compared with 52.5 cents in 1929, a decrease of 5.5 cents, or 10.5 per cent. Female wage earners earned an average of32.1 cents per hour in 1931 as against 36.9 cents in 1929, a ioss of 4.8 cents, or 13.0 per cent. In 1931 both sexes combined earned an average of 44.9 cents per hour while in 1929 the figure was 50.4 cents, showing a loss in average earnings per hour for the industry of 10.9 per cent.

Index numbers of average earnings per hour of males in all occupations increased from 53.0 in 1917 to 100.0 in 1921, decreased to 97.7 in 1923, rose to 102.7 in 1929, and then dropped considerably to 92.0 in 1931; of females increased from 48.8 in 1917 to 100.0 in 1921, decreased to 98.4 in 1925, increased to 101.1 in 1929, and then fell to 87.9 in 1931; and of both sexes combined increased from 52.7 in 1917 to 100.0 in 1921, dropped to 97.4 in 1923, rose gradually to 101.4 in 1929, and then fell to 90.3 in 1931.

Average full-time earnings per week decreased from 1929 to 1931 for males from $25.88 to $23.12; for females, from $18.04 to $15.70; and for both sexes combined, from $24.80 to $22.09.

Index numbers of full-time earnings per week in all occupations increased from 100.0 in 1921 to 105.3 in 1923, decreased to 102.9 in 1925, increased to 104.7 in 1929, then receded to 93.5 in 1931; of females increased from 100.0 in 1921 to 108.1 in 1923, dropped to 100.6 in 1925, rose to 102.3 in 1929, and then fell to 89.1 in 1931; and of both sexes combined increased from 100.0 in 1921 to 105.2 in 1923, decreased to 102.5 in 1925 and in 1927, increased to 103.1 in 1929, and then dropped to 91.9 in 1931.

By occupations, average earnings per hour and average full-time earnings per week of males in 1931 ranged from 27.6 cents and $13.44, respectively, for door and other boys in the group of miscellaneous wage earners, all departments, to $1,197 and $57.10 for bricklayers and masons in the maintenance and repair department; and of females, ranged from 27.6 cents for general workers in the casing department and $13.28 for inspectors and graders in the offal (other than hides and casings) department to 42.2 cents and $21.52, respectively, for chiselers, cheekers, and templers in the latter department.


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 3T a b l e 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupationGRAND TOTAL, 13 DEPARTMENTS

Aver

Index numbers (1921** 100.0)

Sex, occupation, and year

Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Averagefulltimehoursper

week

Average

earningsper

hour

agefulltimeearningsper

week


week

Average

earningsper

hour

Averagefulltimeearningsper

week

All occupations, males:1917............... ............................ 66 55,089

30,07545,08352,70250,20752,79645,5236,5763,3296,1126,5957,1568,8038,032

$0,271.511

53.01921............................................. 34 48.4 $24."73*

26.05100.6" 100.0 100.0

1923............................................. 38 52.2 .499 107.9 97.7 105.31925............................................. 86 50.2 .507 25.45 103.7 99.2 102.91927............................................. 86 49.5 .517 25.59 102.3 101.2 103.51929.............................. .............. 90 49.3 .525 25.88 101.9 102.7 104.71931............................................. 90 49.2 .470 23.12 101.7 92.0 93.5

All occupations, females:1917___-T......... ......................... 51 .178 48.81921............................................. 31 48.3 .365 17.63 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 37 52.8 .361 19.06 109.3 98.9 108.11925............................................. 78 49.4 .359 17.73 102.3 98.4 100.61927............................................. 78 49.1 .363 17.82 101.7 99.5 101.11929............................................. 83 48.9 .369 18.04 101.2 101.1 102.31931............................................. 82 48.9 .321 15.70 101.2 87.9 89.1

All occupations, males and females: 1917............................................. 66 61,665

33,404 51,195

.262 52.71921............................................. 34 "48.4" .497 24.05 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................ 38 52.3 .484 25.31 108.1 97.4 105.21925............................................. 86 59,297

57,363 61,593 53,555

50.1 .492 24.65 103.5 99.0 102.51927............................................. 86 49.4 .499 24.65 102.1 100.4 102.51929............................................. 90 49.2 .504* 24.80 101.7 101.4 103.11931............................................. 90 49.2 .449 22.09 101.7 90.3 91.9

CATTLE-KILLING DEPARTMENT

MALESDrivers and penners:

1917.....................1921.....................1923.....................1925.....................1927.....................1929.....................1931.................... .

Knockers:1917.....................1921.................... .1923.....................1925.....................1927.....................1929.....................1931...... ...............

Shacklers or slingers: 1917_______ . . . . .1921.. . 1923.....................1925.....................1927.....................1929.....................1931....................

Head holders:1917....... ......... —1921...................... 1923.. . 1925.....................1927.....................1929.....................1931.....................

673087

178194161

48.353.0 51.751.449.549.0

48.052.449.249.349.0 48.9

47.952.549.749.7 48.4 49.1

48.050.048.048.049.349.3

$0. 253 .484 .458 .473 .491 .528 .465.294.539.525.537.542.568.496.276.502.495.543.535.557.479.576

1.031.919.963

1.054.753.601

52.3$23.38 100.0 100.024.27 109.7 94.624.45 107.0 97.725.24 106.4 101.426.14 102.5 109.122.79 101.4 96.1

54.525.87 100.0 100.027.51 109.4 97.426.42 102.4 99.626.72 102.7 100.627.83 102.1 105.424.25 101.9 92.0

55.024.05 100.0 100.025.99 109.6 98.626.99 103.8 108.226.59 103.8 106.626.96 101.0 111.023.52 102.5 95.4

55.949.49 100.0 100.045.95 104.2 89.146.22 100.0 93.450.59 100.0 102.237.12 102.7 73.029.63 102.7 58.3

100.0103.8 104.6 108.0111.8 97.5

100.3 106.0102.3 103.1 107.693.7

100.0108.1112.2110.6112.197.8

100.092.8 93.4

102.275.059.9


T a b l e 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1931, by department, sex, and occupation—Continued

CATTLE-KILLING DEPARTMENT— Continued



Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

males—continuedStickers:

1917............................................. 22 271921............................................. 15 201923............................................. 17 281925............................................. 25 331927............................................. 28 371929............................................. 25 36

401931............................................. 29Headers:

1917............................................. 46 901921............................................. 23 531923............................................. 28 791925............................................. 51 1201927............................................. 51 1191929............................................. 51 106

9562

1931......................... ................... 59Droppers and pritehers-up:

1917.................... - ........- ............. 351921............................................. 27 471923............................................. 27 571925........................................... 40 *751927 ........................................... 38 78

591929................. ........................... 361931................. ...... ..................... 37 55

Foot skinners:1917........................................... 29 801921............................................ 23 481923............................................. 28 921925............................................. 44 1171927............................................. 45 1111929 ........................................... 38 851931............................................ 42 80

141Leg breakers:

1917............................................. 451921.................- ........................ 30 891923............................................. 30 1171925.................... ....................... 55 1811927............................................ 55 1521929............................................. 57 1441931............................................ 63 143

Rlppers-open:1917............................................. 3 41921............................................. 3 41923............................................. 10 221925............................... ............. 9 171927.................. — ..................... 11 131929.................. ............... - ........ 13 151931............................................ 15 17

Gullet raisers:1917............................................. 5 71921............................................. 14 181923............................................. 10 201925 ........................................... 14 211927............... ............................. 10 151929.............................. - ............ 10 121931........................................... 13 16

Caul pullers:1917............................................. 33 501921............................................. 22 291923.*________ - ........- .............. 25 291925............................................. 32 551927............................................. 28 481929 ........................................... 25 411931............................................. 20 25


week

Average

earningsper

hour

!Averagefulltimeearningsper

week

Index numbers (1921» 100.0)


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

$0,361 59.748.6 .605 $29.40 100.0 100.0 1557653.3 .634 33.79 109.7 104.8 114.950.7 .591 29.96 104.3 97.7 101.948.6 .733 35.62 100.0 121.2 121.248.8 .670 32.70 100.4 110.7 111.249.4 .542 26.77 101.6 89.6 91.1

.384 59.547.6 .645 *36. 76* "*"15576" 100.0 100.052.1 .627 32.67 109.5 97.2 106.450.0 .641 32.05 105.0 99.4 104.449.0 .662 32.44 102.9 102.6 105.748.8 .644 31.43 102.5 99.8 102.449.1 .592 29.07 103.2 91.8 94.7

.266 50.448.2 .528 25.45 100.0 100.0 100.052.2 .482 25.16 108.3 91.3 98.950.0 .512 25.60 103.7 97.0 100.648.8 .517 25.23 101.2 97.9 99.148.4 .532 25.75 100.4 100.8 101.248.7 .461 22.45 101.0 87.3 88.2

.281 58.1"*47.8* .484 23.14 100.0 100.0 100.0

52.4 .498 26.10 109.6 102.9 112.849.6 .515 25.54 103.8 106.4 110.448.9 .535 26.16 102.3 110.5 113.148.4 .568 27.49 101.3 117.4 118.848.6 .479 23.28 101.7 99.0 100.6

.318 55.4*” 47.y .574 27.44 100.0 100.0 16676

52.8 .529 27.93 110.5 92.2 101.849.9 .558 27.84 104.4 97.2 101.549.1 .556 27.30 102.7 96.9 99.548.7 .580 28.25 101.9 101.0 103.048.7 .512 24.93 101.9 89.2 9a 9

.343 64.7***47.'6" .530 24.91 100.0 100.0 100.0

52.3 .519 27.14 111. 3 97.9 109.049.8 .559 27.84 106.0 105.5 111.848.5 .558 27.06 103.2 105.3 108.649.9 .582 29.04 106.2 109.8 116.648.9 .533 26.06 104.0 100.6 104.6

.246 51.948.2 .474 22.85 100.0 100.0 1667653.1 .469 24.90 110.2 98.9 109.049.4 .491 24.26 102.5 103.6 106.248.1 .476 22.90 99.8 100.4 100.248.5 .506 24.54 100.6 106.8 107.449.3 .412 20.31 102.3 86.9 88.9

.318 58.3**47." 9* .545 26,11 100.0 100.0 100.0

52.5 .523 27.46 109.6 96.0 105.249.7 .545 27.09 103.8 100.0 103.849.2 .569 27.99 102.7 104.4 107.248.9 .574 28.07 102.1 105.3 107.548.6 .470 22.84 101.5 86.2 87.5


WAGES AND SOTJRS OF LABOR, 1931 5T a b l e 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedCATTLE-KILLING DEPARTMENT—Continued

Aver

Index numbers (1921= 100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedFloormen or siders:

1917............................................. 52 200 $0,563.848

66.41921............................................. 30 122 48.0 $40.70

44.66100.0 100.0 100.0

109.7104.9106.0105.596.1

1923............................................. 34 195 52.6 .849 109.6 100.11925............................................. 62 272 49.9 .856 42.71 104.0 100.91927............................................. 65 280 49.2 .877 43.15 102.5 103.41929............................................. 66 254 48.7 .882 42.95 101.5 104.01931............................................. 70 234 48.9 .800 39.12 101.9 94.3

Breast or brisket breakers and sawyers:

1917............................................. 28 43 .298 56.71921............................................. 20 32 47.6 .526 25.04 ioo.5 100.0 100.0

110.1106.0109.3106.997.4

1923............................................. 27 57 52.7 .523 27.56 110.7 99.41925............................................. 40 74 49.7 .534 26.54 104.4 101.61927......................................... 42 61 49.6 .552 27.38 104.2 104.91929........................................... - 41 56 49.2 .544 26.76 103.4 103.41931............................................ 43 62 48.9 .499 24.40 102.7 94.9

Crotch breakers:1917............................................. 15 20 .268 50.41921............................................. 17 22 47.8 .532 25.43 100.0 100.0 100.0

102.0102.4 100.7101.4

1923............................................ 20 30 51.8 .501 25.95 108.4 94.21925............................................ 20 28 49.7 .524 26.04 104.0 98.51927........................................... - 22 36 48.3 .530 25.60 101.0 99.61929............... ............................. 21 29 48.1 .536 25.78 100.6 100.81931............................................. 21 30 48.2 .488 23.52 100.8 91.7 92.5

Hoisters:1917............................................. 30 89 .264 53.01921............................................. 27 91 "47. 9* .498 23.85 100.0 100.0 100.0

104.0102.3

1923............................................. 27 96 52.1 .476 24.80 108.8 95.61925............................................. 40 158 49.4 .494 24.40 103.1 99.21927............................................. 33 91 48.5 .525 25.46 101.3 105.4 106.8

110.192.8

1929............................................ 37 97 48.8 .538 26.25 101.9 108.01931............................................. 34 71 49.2 .450 22.14 102.7 90.4

Tail rippers and pullers:1917............................ - .............. 28 45 .284 54.31921........................- ................... 22 31 48.1 .523 25.16 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 24 45 52.2 .492 25.68 108.5 94.1 102.11925............................................. 29 48 49.8 .531 26.44 103.5 101.5 105.11927............................................. 32 45 48.8 .540 26.35 101.5 103.3 104.71929............................................. 33 40 49.1 .553 27.15 102.1 105.7 107.91931...................................... . 35 44 48.9 .494 24.16 101.7 94.5 96.0

Bumpers:1917............................................. 40 65 .468 63.01921............................................. 30 51 47.8 .743 35.52 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 31 64 52.3 .740 38.70 109.4 99.6 109.01925............................................. 49 97 50.1 .749 37.52 104 8 100.8 105.61927____- ................................... 57 100 49.6 .761 37.75 103.8 102.4 106.31929............................................. 57 100 49.1 .755 37.07 102.7 101.6 104.41931............................................. 59 100 49.1 .684 33.58 102.7 92.1 94.5

Fell cutters:1917............................................. 28 78 .340 57.01921............................................. 21 54 47.6 .597 28.42 100.0 100.0 100.01923...................................... ...... 22 91 52.4 .584 30.60 110.1 97.8 107.71925............................................. 31 94 49.5 .598 29.60 104.0 100.2 104.21927............................................. 31 87 48.6 .637 30.96 102.1 106.7 108.91929............................................. 31 75 48.1 .690 33.19 101.1 115.6 116.81931............................................. 30 68 48.8 .594 28.99 102.5 99.5 102.0

Fell pullers and beaters:1917............................................. 22 68 .261 51.61921............................................. 21 44 47.8 .506 24.19 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................ 23 68 52.9 .478 25.29 110.7 94.5 104.51925............................................. 24 65 49.1 .488 23.96 102.7 96.4 99.01927............................................. 23 51 49.0 .501 24.55 102.5 99.0 101.51929............................................. 22 54 48.6 .526 25.56 101.7 104.0 105.71931_________________________ 23 42 48.9 .469 22.93 102.3 92.7 918



T a b l e 1*—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1981, by department, sexy and occupation—Continued

CATTLE-KILLING DEPARTMENT—Continued

Aver AverIndex numbers (1921—

100.0)

Bex, occupation, and year

Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

agefulltimehoursper

week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

hales—continuedBackers:

1917............................................. 43 71 $0,511.839

60.91921............................................. 28 54 48.1 $40.36

40.85100.0109.4103.5101.7 101.2101.7

100.092.7

100.0101.296.596.995.286.0

1923........................................ ... 31 85 52.5 .7781926........................................... 51 108 49.8 .782 38.94 93.21927............................................. 54 115 48.9

48.7.800 39.12 95.4

94.084.655.2

1929............................ .............— 60 109 .789 38.421931............... - _____ _________ 55 82 48.9 .710 34.72

Gutters and bung droppers:1917............................................ 46 97 .3191921............................... ............ 29 57 47.8 .578 27.63 100.0 100.0 100.0

105.3104.3 104.1 105.891.9

1923............................ ................ 33 94 52.5 .554 29.09 109.8104.8 102.5

95.91925...................................... 55 121 50.1 .575 28.81 99.51927.............................. ............ . 63 125 49.0 .587 28.76 101.61929......................... ................... 61 112 48.9 .598 29.24 102.3 103.51931....... ................................. - 62 114 49.1 .517 25.38 102.7 89.4

Shank skinners:1917.............................. ............ . 10 21 .307 53.11921.............................. .............. 5 7 46.9 .578 27.11 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................ ................ 7 15 53.1 .538 28.57 113.2 93.1 105.41925............................................ 17 34 49.3 .532 26.23 105.1 92.0 96.81927............................................ 11 25 49.4 .538 26.58 105.3 93.1 98.01929.............................. .............. |1931.................................. ......... I 1913

3425

49.249.0

.595

.51629.2725.28

104.9104.5

102.989.3

108.093.2

Hide droppers:1917.................... 42 98 .397 59.61921...................................... 30 72 47.9 .666 ” 31.90’ 15676 100.0 100.01923............................ .............. 32 107 52.6 .652 34.30 109.8 97.9 107.51925......................................... . 54 139 49.8 .655 32.62 104.0 98.4 102.31927......................... 58 134 49.3 .684 33.72 102.9 102.7 105.71929.......................................... 59 139 48.9 .708 34.62 102.1 106.3 108.51931.................... ..................... 65 119 48.9 .617 30.17 102.1 92.6 94.6

Tail sawyers:1917.................... 37 93 .325 56.11921............... ............................ 29 62 48.0 .579 27.79 100.0 100.0 100.01923................. ..................... 27 106 52.4 .552 28.92 109.2 95.3 104.11925......................... .................. 46 114 50.2 .547 27.46 104.6 94.5 98.81927.................... ................... 48 94 49.2 .592 29.13 102.5 102.2 104.81929................. ......................... 48 82 49.0 .595 29.16 102.1 102.8 104.91931................................ 46 61 48.5 .533 25.85 101.0 92.1 93.0

Splitters:1917........................... 47 118 .591 69.11921.................... ...................... 29 82 ~~47.~8~ .855 40.87 100.0 100.0 100.01923......................... . 33 108 52.5 .857 44.99 109.8 100.2 110.11925.............................. 57 149 50.0 .855 42.75 104.6 100.0 104.61927......................... .................. 65 150 49.1 .876 43.01 102.7 102.5 105.21929....... ...................... 65 145 48.7 .879 42.81 101.9 102.8 104.71931............................................ 66 123 48.9 .780 38.14 102.3 91.2 93.3

Chuck splitters:1917............................................ 33 52 .361 60.01921........................................... . 20 27 47.9 .602 28.84 100.0 100.0 166.61923............................................. 28 58 52.6 .611 32.14 109.8 101.5 I1 111.41925............................................. 38 63 50.0 .593 29.65 104.4 98.5 102.81927............................................ 43 66 49.9 .608 30.34 104.2 101.0 105.21929............................................ 36 49 49.0 .626 30.67 102.3 104.0 106.31931............................................. 37 47 48.4 .571 27.64 101.0 94.9 95.8

Scribers:1917............................................. 29 38 .271 52.81921......................... .................. 22 27 ~47.6~ .513 24.42 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 27 39 52.3 .485 25.37 109.9 94.5 103.91925............................................. 36 42 49.9 .521 26.00 104.8 101.6 106.51927............................................. 39 51 49.2 .520 25.58 103.4 101.4 104.71929............................................. 39 52 48.5 .555 26.92 101.9 108.2 110.21931............................................. 37 48 49.5 .451 22.32 104.0 87.9 01.4


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 7T a b l e 1,—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1931, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedCATTLE-KILLING DEPARTMENT—Continued

AverIndex numbers (1921=

100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage !

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedTrimmers of bruise?, rounds, necks,

skirts, and tails:1917............................................. 28 104 $0,273 55.71921........................................... . 24 100 47.7 .490 $23.37

24.46100.0 100.0 100.0

104.7105.0 106.3111.0 94.0

1923............................................. 25 166 52.6 .465 110.3 94.91925........................................... . 35 152 49.5 .496 24.55 103.8 101.21927............................................. 40 161 48.8 .509 24.84 102.3 103.91929............................................. 41 145 48.3 .537 25.94 101.3 109.61931-.......................................... 42 129 48.6 .452 21.97 101.9 92.2

Utility men:1917............................................. 33 88 .360 59.21921............................................ 19 37 47.8 .608 29.06 100.0 100.0 ioofo

103.1109.1

1923_........................................... 25 74 52.2 .574 29.96 109.2 94.41925............................................. 46 147 52.5 .604 31.71 109.8 99.31927............................................. 48 137 51.6 .598 30.86 107.9 98.4 106.2

118.5106.0

1929............................................ 52 150 49.7 .693 34.44 104.0 114.01931............................................. 47 77 48.6 .634 30.81 101.7 104.3

Washers and wipers:1917............................................ 44 356 .236 49.91921............................................ 29 216 47.8 .473 22.61 100.0 100.0 100.0

106.497.599.1

102.7

1923............................................. 31 320 52.5 .458 24.05 109.8 96.81925............................................. 61 264 50.1 .440 22.04 104.8 93.01927............................................. 58 230 48.8 .459 22.40 102.1 97.01929.................... ....................... 54 180 48.8 .476 23.23 102.1 100.61931.......................................... . 55 169 48.6 .408 19.83 101.7 86.3 87.7

Butchers, general:1931........................................... . 20 49 50.4 .676 34.07

Tonguers:1917............................................. 43 85 .288 51.61921............................................. 14 17 48.3 .558 26.95 100.0 100.0 100.0

100.594.298.9

101.0

1923............................................. 23 41 52.4 .517 1 27.09 108.5 92.71925.................... ....................... 34 53 49.9 .509 25.40 103.3 91.21927............... ............................ 28 29 50.0 .533 26.65 103.5 95.51929........................................... . 33 41 49.3 .552 27.21 102.1 98.91931............................................. 27 34 48.3 .440 21.25 100.0 78.9 78.8

Laborers:11917............................................. 47 724 .238 50.51921............................ ............... 27 403 "” 47.8’ .471 22.51 100.0 100.0 100.0

101.198.699.0

100.688.8

1923............................................ 32 587 52.2 .436 22.76 109.2 92.61925............................... ............. 63 949 50.2 .442 22.19 105.0 93.81927............................................ 72 874 49.4 .451 22.28 103.3 95.81929............................................. 73 830 48.6 .466 22.65 101.7 98.91931............................................ 67 603 49.0 .408 19.99 102.5 86.6

Truckers:1917............................................. 32 103 .254 50.91921............................................. 20 56 48.1 .499 24.00 100.0 100.0 100.0

93.595.6 98.2

1923............................................ 24 131 51.8 .433 22.43 107.7 86.81925.......................................... 45 121 50.4 .455 22.93 104.8 91.21927............................................. 34 80 49.5 .476 23.56 102.9 95.41929............................................. 32 67 49.5 .483 23.91 102.9 96.8 99.6

86.21931.......... ................................. 31 62 49.6 .417 20.68 103.1 83.6Total, males:

1917................................... 54 3,292 2,077 3,250 4,261 3,946 3,649

.318 55.81921................................. 30 47.9 .570 27.30 100.0 100.0 100.0

104.4102.2104.6107.1

1923................................... 34 52.4 .544 28.51 109.4 95.41925................................... 72 50.1 .557 27.91 104.6 97.71927................................... 74 49.4 .578 28.55 103.1 101.41929................................... 78 48.8 .599 29.23 101.9 105.11931-................................ 77 3,087 48.9 .532 26.01 102.1 93.3 95.3

includes floor e’ eaners, mark heads, spread cattle, tie guts, laundrymen, taggers, etc.



T able 1*—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—Continued



week

Aver



Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

FEMALES

Carcass wipers, bruise and tail trimmers, and neck-rag inserters:

1917........................................................... 3 16 $0,155.342

45.31921............................................................ 5 21 49.9 $17.07 100.0 100.0 100.01923._i ...................................................... 5 27 53.8 .321 17.27 107.8 93.9 101.21925........................................ ................... 4 25 49.2 .348 17.12 98.6 101.8 100.31927............................................................ 8 23 48.3 .357 17.24 96.8 104.4 101.01929........................................................... 7 19 50.0 .406 20.30 100.2 118.7 118.91931..................................................... .. 5 16 48.8 .283 13.81 9 7.8 82.7 80 .9

HOG-KILLING DEPARTMENT

MALESLaborers:*

1917................................. ...........

1

55

1

1,356 524

$0,237.451

52.51921....................... ..................... 29 48.8 $22.01 100.0 100.0 100.01923......................... ................... 33 820 52.2 .444 23.18 107.0 98.4 105.31925............................ ................ 65 829 51.7 .433 22.39 106.0 ' 96.0 101.71927— ............... ........................ 68 818 51.0 .442 22.54 104.5 98.0 102.41929._______________________ 70 841 49.8 .443 22.06 102.0 98.2 100.21931..................................... ...... 70 702 49.6 .400 19.84 101.6 88.7 90.1

Shacklers:1917.................... ........................ 56 134 .298 55.01921......................................... 26 59 48.9 .542 26.50 100.0 100.0 100.01923.......... .............. ................... 31 125 52.0 .549 28.55 106.3 101.3 107.71925........................................... . 63 143 52.0 .548 28.50 106.3 101.1 107.51927....................... ..................... 59 142 50.2 .557 27.96 102.7 102.8 105.51929.......... .............. ................... 65 145 49.7 .571 28.38 101.6 105.4 107.11931.................—. ................... 65 139 50.7 .493 25.00 103.7 91.0 94.3

Stickers:1917................. - ........................ 56 70 .357 58.41921............... ............................ 27 33 49.6 .611 30.31 100.0 100.0 100.01923.................... ........................ 33 44 53.0 .652 34.56 106.9 106.7 114.01925............... - ................ .......... 65 79 51.8 .627 32.48 104.4 102.6 107.21927......................... ................... 61 68 50.3 .631 31.74 101.4 103.3 104.7

106.493.2

1929............ ........................ ...... 64 75 50.0 .645 32.25 100.8 105.61931............................................. 66 80 50.0 .565 28.25 100.8 92.5

Scalders: *1917............................................. 56 298 .295 57.21921............................................. 28 139 48.8 .516 25.18 100 ft 11 100.0 1(00.0

102.61923............................................. 34 273 52.1 .496 25.84 106.8 1 96.11925..................................- ...................... 68 304 51.9 .514 26.68 106.4 99.6 106.01927............................................. 65 291 50.5 .521 26.31 103.5 101.0 104 51929............................................. 70 314 50.2 .516 25.90 102.9 100.0 102.9

95.11931............................................. 66 277 50.4 .475 23.94 103.3 92.1Hookers-on: *

1917............................................. 51 224 .282 55.41921............................................. 24 69 48.3 .509 24.58 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................................ 33 146 52.5 .490 25.73 108.7 96.3 104.71925............................................................ 59 214 51.6 .470 24.25 106.8 92.3 98.71927.................................................... .. 55 159 50.6 .493 24.95 104.8 96.8 101.51929............................................................1931............................................................

55 s 60

137178

50.250.0

.500

.44425.1022.20

103.9103.5

98.287.2

102.190.3

Shavers and scrapers:1917............................................................ 57 846 .290 57.81921............................................................ 27 303 48.9 .502 " 24.55" 15676" 100.0 100.01923............................................................ 34 587 52.5 .497 26.09 107.4 99.0 106.31925............................................................

65705 51.4 .523 26.88 105.1 104.2 109.5

1927............................................................ 567 50.6 .535 27.07 103.5 106.6 110.31929............................................................ 70 I1 583 49.9 .528 26.35 102.0 105.2 107.3

93 .01931............................................................ 7 0 , 645 50.1 .480 24.05 102.5 95.6* Includes drivers, penners, steamers, singers, washers, aitchbone breakers, and toe pullers.* Includes tubmen, droppers, gamb cutters, polemen, and duckers.4 Includes hookers-ofl, hangers-off, straighteners, and chain feeders.


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 9T a b l e 1.—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1931, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedHOG-KILLING DEPARTMENT—Continued

Aver

Index numbers (1921 *» 100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continued

Headers:1917............................................ 48 85 $0,343 58.31921............................................. 24 47 48.4 .588 $28.46 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 31 67 52.6 .598 31.45 108.7 101.7 110.51925............................................ 61 102 52.0 .592 30.78 107.4 100.7 108.21927............................................. 60 105 50.2 .594 29.82 103.7 101.0 104.81929............................................. 65 123 49.8 .598 29.78 102.9 101.7 104.61931............................................ 64 115 50.1 .538 26.95 103.5 91.5 94.7

Gutters, bung droppers, and rippers-open:

1917............................................. 57 206 .337 57.71921............................................. 28 100 48.7 .584 28.44 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 32 172 52.4 .572 29.97 107.6 97.9 105.41925............................................. 64 242 51.9 .590 30.62 106.6 101.0 107.71927........................... ................. 66 219 50.4 .589 29.69 103.5 100.9 104.41929............................................. 70 246 50.0 .602 30.10 102.7 103.1 105.81931............................................. 70 267 30.3 .527 26.51 103.3 90.2 93.2

Ham facers:1917............................................ 43 56 .328 60.61921............................................. 26 34 48.8 .541 26.40 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................ 28 38 52.2 .561 29.28 107.0 103.7 110.91925............................................. 52 68 51.4 .581 29.86 105.3 107.4 113.11927............................................. 49 65 49.5 .589 29.16 101.4 108.9 110.51929............................................ 55 65 49.9 .580 28.94 102.3 107.2 109.61931............................................. 64 78 50.1 .533 26.70 102.7 98.5 101.1

Splitters:1917............................................. 56 143 .364 58.61921 .......................................... 27 68 48.8 .621 30.30 100.0 100.0 100.01923......................... .................. 33 119 52.3 .627 32.79 107.2 101.0 108.2

107.91925................. ........................... 68 170 51.5 .635 32.70 105.5 102.31927............................................. 63 169 50.1 .630 31.56 102.7 101. 4 104.2

107.71929............................ ............ . 68 178 49.9 .654 32.63 102.3 105.31931................................... ........ 67 182 49.8 .583 29.03 102.0 93.9 95.8

Leaf-lard pullers:1917............................................. 50 80 .301 57.21921............................................ 25 44 49.1 .526 25.83 100.0 100.0 100.0

106.9102.9

1923............................................. 30 97 53.0 .521 27.61 107.9 99.11925............................................. 57 101 51.9 .512 26.57 105.7 97.31927............................................. 59 100 50.8 .509 25.86 103.5 96.8 100.11929............................................ 60 112 49.7 .525 26.09 101.2 99.8 101.01931............................................. 67 107 50.0 .470 23.50 101.8 89.4 91.0

Leaf-lard scrapers:1917............................................ 34 63 .251 56.81921............................................. 10 21 48.6" .442 21.48 loo. o 100.0 100.01923............................................. 20 51 52.6 .439 23.09 108.2 99.3 107.51925............................................ 36 62 51.6 .451 23.27 106.2 102.0 108.31927............................................ 26 39 51.0 .449 22.90 104.9 101.6 106.61929............................................ 37 69 49.6 .468 23.21 102.1 105.9 108.11931............................................. 37 59 49.7 .412 20.48 102.3 93.2 95.3

Bruise trimmers, head removers, and kidney pullers:

1917............................................ 49 139 .277 55.31921............................................. 26 107 48.3 .501 24.20 100.0 100.0 100.0

103.9105.3107.5108.598.5

1923....................... .................... 28 125 52.5 .479 25.15 108.7 95.61925........................................... 50 135 51.6 .494 25.49 106.8 98.71927............................................. 52 118 50.7 .513 26.01 105.0 102.41929............................................. 50 112 50.4 .521 26.26 104.3 104.01931............................................. 55 133 50.5 .472 23.84 104.6 94.2

Utility men:1917............................................. 49 197 .331 58.51921............................................. 26 115 48.5 .566 27.45 100.0 100.0 100.0

106.9108.3108.6111.699.8

1923............................................. 28 107 52.351.7

.561 29.34 107.8 99.1101.61925.............................................54 200 .575 29.73 106.6

1927............................................. 52 193 50.7 .588 29.81 104.5 103.91929............................................. 63 235 49.8 .615 30.63 102.7 108.71931-------------------------------------- 56 193 49.2 .557 27.40 101.4 98.4



T a b l e 1.—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1981 f by department, sex, and occupation—Continued

HOG-KILLING DEPARTMENT—Continued


week

Aver


Bex, occupation, and year

Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedTruckers:

1917............................................. 32 201 $0.241 .446

54.01921............................................. 18 93 49.1 $21.90

22.97100.0 100.0 100.0

1923............................................. 24 136 52.2 .440 106.3 98.7 104.91925............................................. 35 109 52.4 .436 22.85 106.7 97.8 104.31927............................................. 23 79 50.9 .426 21.68 103.7 95.5 99.01929............................................. 29 51 51.0 .453 23.10 103.9 101.6 105.51931............................................. 31 56 50.4 .399 20.11 102.6 89.5 91.8

Total, males:1917................................... 57 4,098

1,756 2,907 3,463 3,132 3,286

.281 55.41921.................................. 29 48.8" .507 24.74 100.0 100.0 100.01923................................... 34 52.3 .499 26.10 107.2 98.4 105.51925...................... ............ 71 51.7 .512 26.47 105.9 101.0 107.01927................................... 71 50.6 .521 26.36 103.7 102.8 106.51929................................... 73 49.9 .529 26.40 102.3 104.3 106.71931................................... 76 3,211 50.0 .478 23.90 102.5 94.3 96.6

FEMALESKidney pullers, shavers, singers,

neck brushers, and spreaders:1917.......................................... . 3 24 .150 I.............. 42.71921............................................. 8 23 ” ~48."6" .351 16.85 100.0 100.0 ioo.o1923............................................. 12 27 51.4 .341 17. 53 107.1 97.2 104.01925............................................. 17 88 50.5 .343 17. 32 105.2 97.7 102.81927............................................. 12 49 51.4 .358 18.40 107.1 102.0 109.21929........................................... . 15 46 49.5 .357 17.67 103.1 101.7 104.91931............................................. 19 47 48.6 .296 14.39 101.3 84.3 85.4

SHEEP-KILLING AND CALF-KILLING DEPARTMENT

MALESLaborers:8

1917............................................. 26 280 $0.237 50.31921............................................. 18 201 48.2 .471 $22.70 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 20 249 52.6 .448 23.56 109.1 95.1 103.81925............................................. 26 331 49.2 .450 22.14 102.1 95.6 97.51927............................................. 27 255 49.0 .461 22.59 101.7 97.9 99.51929............................................. 31 224 48.2 .471 22.70 100.0 100.0 100.01931............................................. 27 236 48.9 .405 19.80 101.5 86.0 87.2

Shacklers:1917............................................. 19 29 .252 52.51921............................................. 13 30 "47.8" .480 22.94 100.6 100.0 100.01923............................................. 18 41 52.7 .488 25. 72 110.3 101.7 112.11925............................................. 26 58 48.9 .500 24.45 102.3 304.2 106.61927............................................. 23 43 49.3 .539 26. 57 103.1 112.3 115.81929............................................. 22 37 48.4 .542 26.23 101.3 112.9 114.31931............................................. 25 44 47.9 .454 21.75 100.2 94.6 94.8

Stickers:1917............................................. 15 18 .285 56.41921............................................. 13 16 48.0 .505 24.24 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 14 20 51.7 .527 27.25 107.7 104.4 112.41925............................................. 22 28 49.1 .518 25.43 102.3 102.6 104.91927............................................. 21 28 48.5 .615 29.83 101.0 121.8 123.11929............................................. 22 27 48.9 .556 27.19 101.9 110.1 112.21931............................................. 27 33 47.5 .469 22.28 99.0 92.9 91.9

Joint breakers:1917............................................. 12 16 .271 55.51921............................................. 9 12 48.0 .488 23.42 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 14 25 53.6 .474 25.41 111.7 97.1 108.51925............................................. 14 20 49.2 .508 24.99 102.5 104.1 106.71927............................................. 12 18 49.1 .499 24.50 102.3 102.3 104.61929............................................. 16 21 48.0 .514 24.67 100.0 105.3 105.31931............................................. 14 18 48.3 .462 22.31 100.6 94.7 95.3

includes drivers, penners, holders, shovers, hookers-on to conveyors, hangers-up of racks, and squilgeers.


WAGES AND HOURS OP LABOR, 1931 11T a b l e 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1981, by department, sex} and occupation—ContinuedSHEEP-KILLING AND CALF-KILLING DEPARTMENT—Continued


week

Aver

Index numbers (1921 =* 100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedScalpers:1917........................................... 15 25! $0.270

.55248.9

1921............................................. 8 11 48.0 $26.50 25.98

100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 10 23 52.7 .493 110.0 89.3 98.01925............................................. 15 24 49.3 .519 25.59 102.7 102.7 96.61927......................... .................. 12 20 48.5 .541 26.24 101.0 98.0 99.01929....... .................................... 11 16 48.0 .551 26.45 100.0 99.8 99.81931............................................. 18 25 48.1 .453 21.79 100.2 82.1 82.2

Miscellaneous workers: •1917............................................. 16 70 .256 53.31921............................................ 16 101 47.8 .480 22.94 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 17 112 53.0 .481 25.49 110.9 100.2 111.11925............................................. 21 93 49.4 .485 23.96 103.3 101.0 104.41927........................................... - 22 87 48.6 .521 25.32 101.7 108.6 110.41929............................................. 21 108 48.2 .533 25.69 100.8 111.0 112.01931............... _t.......................... 24 146 48.7 .430 20.94 101.9 89.6 91.3

Leggers (fore and hind):1917........................................... - 22 97 .334 59.51921............................................. 17 9.5 47.9 .561 26.87 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 19 137 52.8 .573 30.25 110.2 102.1 112.61925............................................. 27 159 49.0 .582 28.52 102.3 103.7 106.11927—................. ........................ 29 143 48.7 .604 29.41 101.7 107.7 109.51929............................................. 29 163 48.1 .608 29.24 100.4 108.4 108.81931..........................................- 31 187 48.7 .527 25.66 101.7 93.9 95.5

Brisket or breast pullers:1917............................................. 22 46 .346 57.31921............................................. 13 33 47.8 .604 " 28. 87" 16676" 100.0 100.01923............................................. 19 42 53.1 .602 31.97 111.1 99.7 110.71925............................................. 21 52 49.3 .620 30.57 103.1 102.7 105.91927............................................. 25 51 49.0 .646 31.65 102.5 107.0 109.61929............................................. 23 50 48.1 .658 31.65 100.6 108.9 109.61931............................................. 29 63 48.9 .545 26.65 102.3 90.2 92.3

Facers:1917.... ........................... ............. 21 76 .453 66.91921............................................. 15 66 48.0 .677 32.50 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 18 S4 53.2 .679 36.12 110.8 100.3 111.11925............................................. 21 88 48.8 .681 33.23 101.7 100.6 102.21927............................................. 25 105 48.9 .736 35.99 101.9 108.7 110.71929............................................. 24 127 48.4 .738 35.72 100.8 109.0 109.91931...................... ...................... 31 140 48.7 .621 30.24 101.5 91.7 93.0

Bumpers and back pullers:1917............................................. 20 50 .307 56.41921............................................. 16 66 48.0 .544 26.11 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 17 71 52.7 .578 30.46 109.8 106.3 116.71925............................................. 21 82 49.4 .566 27.96 102.9 104.0 107.11927......................... ................... 23 71 48.9 .601 29.39 101.9 110.5 112.61929............................................ 20 81 48.3 .627 30.28 100.6 115.3 116.01931...................... ...................... 26 86 48.9 .510 24.94 101.9 93.8 95.5

Brisket or breast splitters:1917............................................. 14 19 .302 60.61921............................................. 9 :n 47.7 .498 23.75 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 12 18 53.1 .529 28.09 111.3 106.2 118; 31925........................................... . 15 22 49.0 .543 26.61 102.7 109.0 112.01927............... ............................. 23 39 48.8 .590 28.79 102.3 118.5 121.21929........................................... 21 31 48.6 .586 28.48 101.9 117.7 119.91931............................................. 22 27 48.7 .487 23.72 102.1 97.8 99.9

Pelt droppers:1917............................................. 9 14 .261 54.01921............................................. 9 11 47.Y .483 23.04 100.0 100.0 100.01923................................... ......... 8 11 52.9 .521 27.56 110.9 107.9 119.61925............................................. 18 41 49.9 .600 29.94 104.6 124.2 129.91927............................................. 14 42 48.8 .650 31.72 102.3 134.6 137.71929............................................. 21 36 48.4 .616 29.81 101.5 127.5 129.41931............................................. 19 25 48.2 .455 21.93 101.0 94.2 95.2

* Includes hookers-up of fore quarters and hind legs, shoulder punchers, and shank pinners.



SHEEP-KILLING AND CALF-KILLING DEPARTMENT—Continued



Numberof

establish

ments

Number of


week

Average

earningsper

hour

Aver-

timeearningsper

week

Index numbers (1921=100.0)


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedScrubbers, washers, and wipers:

1917............................................1921............................................1923............................................1925............................................1927............................................1929............................................1931............................................

Caul pullers:1917............................................1921............................................1923............................................1925............................................1927............................................1929............................................1931.................... .......................

Gutters, bung droppers, and rippers-open:

1917............................................1921............................................1923...........................................1925............................................1927............................................1929............................................1931...........................................

Headers and neck trimmers:1921......................... - ...............1923............................................1925............................................1927............................................1929............................................1931............................................1917...........................................................1921...........................................................1923...........................................................1925...........................................................1927...........................................................1929...........................................................1931.......................................................... .

Luggers:1917...........................................................1921...........................................................1923...........................................................1925...........................................................1927...........................................................1929.......................................................... .1931.......................................................... .

Utility men, spellers, handy men, and all-round men:

1917........................................................... 1921...........................................................

1923.......................................................... .1 9 2 5 . . . . . ...............................................1927..........................................................1929..........................................................1931..........................................................

Sheep or calf butchers:1917..........................................................1921..........................................................1923..........................................................1925..........................................................1927..........................................................1929..........................................................1931..........................................................

5877

1051109094

13319172523293129

1124

1174

312257573747

132

47.8 53.649.5 48.348.548.9

48.053.149.3 48.848.4 48.7

47.952.448.948.848.549.047.9 52.849.6 49.2 48,549.1

48.0 51.348.0 51.548.0 48.9

47.952.148.548.548.1 48.4

49.552.848.9 49.4 49.148.6

52.552.651.3 50.849.4 49.1

$0,240.458.435.451.479.463.407.305.527.517.512.557.550

.293

.503

.507

.515

.557

.543

.461

.458

.504

.526

.511

.442

.404

.640

.847

.559

.532

.582

.262

.508

.512

.498

.508

.518

.454

.657

.570

.601

.609

.620

.6521.381.739.805.747.834.672

$21.8923.3222.32 23.14 22.46 19.90

25.30 27.45 25.24 27.18 26.62 22.84

24.0926.5725.1827.18 26.34 22.5923.4224.18 25.00 25.88 24.78 21.70

30.7243.4526.8327.4027.9422.93

24.3326.6824.1524.64249221.97

32.5230.1029.39 30.0830.40 27.17

72.5038.8741.3037.9541.2033.00

100.0112.1103.6101.0101.5102.3

100.0110.6102.7101.7100.8 101.5

100.0109.4 102.1 101.9101.3102.3100.0110.2105.2 102.7101.3102.5

100.0106.9 100.0 107.3 100.0101.9

100.0108.8101.3101.3100.4 101.0

100.0106.798.899.899.298.2

100.0100.297.796.8 94.1 93.5

52.4 100.095.098.5

104.6 101.188.957.9

100.098.197.2

105.7 104.489.0

100.0100.8102.4110.7 108.091.7

100.093.7

103.1 107.6104.5 90.463.1

100.0 132.487.383.1 90.973.351.6

100.0100.8 98.0

100.0102.089.4

51.6 100.086.891.592.794.485.147.2

100.053.558.3 54.160.448.7

100.0106.5 102.0 105.7102.6 90.9

100.0108.599.8

107.4105.290.3

100.0110.3 104. 112.8109.3

100.0103.2106.8110.5105.892.7

100.0141.487.389.291.074.6

100.0109.7100.0101.3102.4 90.3

100.092.690.492.593.583.5

100.053.657.052.356.845.5

11ncludes rib sawyers or Boston cutters, setters or Boston setters, caul dressers, and dressers.


T a b l e 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1017 to 1981, department, sex, and occupation—Continued

WAGES AND HOUBS OF LABOR, 1931 13

SHEEP-KILLING AND CALF-KILLING DEPARTMENT—Continued


week

Aver

Index numbers (1921=* 100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

hales—continuedTotal, males:

1917___________________ 31 1,063954

$0,314.585

53.71921................................... 21 48.3 $28.26 100.0 100.0 100.01923................................... 19 1,191 52.6 .523 27.51 103.9 89.4 97.31925................................... 41 1,429 49.2 .536 26.37 101.9 91.6 93.31927................................... 49 1,266 48.9 .568 27.78 101.2 97.1 98.31929................................... 42 1,311 48.4 .580 28.07 100.2 99.1 99.31931................................... 50 1,602 48.7 .489 23.81 100.8 83.6 84.3

OFFAL (OTHER THAN HIDES AND CASINGS) DEPARTMENT

MALESChiselers, cheekers, and templers:

1917............................................. 40 150 $0,326 55.71921............... ............................ 30 217 48.2 .585 $28.20 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 35 271 51.8 .595 30.82 107.5 101.7 109.31925............................................. 63 269 50.2 .574 28.81 104.1 98.1 102.21927................................... ......... 61 196 49.7 .561 27.88 103.1 95.9 98.91929......................... ................... 62 230 49.4 .555 27.42 102.5 94.9 97.21931....... ............................... 60 220 49.1 .497 24.40 101.9 85.0 86.5

Machine operators:81917............................................. 54 272 .265 54.11921......................... ................... 29 164 47.8 .490 23.42 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 34 280 52.8 .485 25.61 110.5 99.0 109.41925......................... ................... 64 333 50.3 .507 25.50 105.2 103.5 108.91927............................................. 67 395 49.7 .511 25.40 104.0 104.3 108.51929............... ............................. 73 396 49.4 .529 26.13 103.3 108.0 111.61931............................................. 76 390 49.6 .455 22.57 103.8 92.9 96.1

Trimmers:1917................................... ......... 60 1,238 .279 55.41921..... ...................... ............... 32 471 47.9 .504 24.14 100.0 100.0 100.01923................................. .......... 36 768 52.4 .499 26.15 109.4 99.0 108.31925............................................. 60 597 49.6 .500 24.80 103.5 99.2 102.71927............................................. 70 684 49.7 .532 26.44 103.8 105.6 109.51929............................................. 79 619 49.1 .521 25.58 102.5 103.4 106.01931............................................. 76 615 49.6 .474 23.51 103.6 94.0 97.4

Pluck trimmers:1917............................................. 31 60 .262 53.11921-.-...................................... 30 103 ” "47.Y .493 23.52 100.0 100.0 ioo."61923............................................. 33 174 52.9 .491 25.97 110.9 99.6 110.41925............................................. 56 187 50.2 .498 25.00 105.2 101.0 106.31927............................................. 59 182 49.6 .516 25.59 104.0 104.7 108.81929............................................. 67 203 49.4 .534 26.38 103.6 108.3 112.21931............................................. 66 196 49.1 .461 22.64 102.9 93.5 96.3

Inspectors and graders:1917......................................... - 9 20 .253 54.31921......................................... ... 6 12 48.0 .466 22.37 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 12 21 52.0 .462 24.02 108.3 99.1 107.41925............................................. 17 23 50.1 .459 23.00 104.4 98.5 102.81927...........................- .............- 16 49 48.4 .669 32.38 100.8 143.6 144.81929......................... ............. 20 40 48.0 .495 23.76 100.0 106.2 106.21931............................................. 15 23 48.5 .441 21.39 101.0 94.6 95.6

Laborers:1917............................................. 38 677 .232 49.11921............... ............................ 32 331 48.1 .473 22.75 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................ 35 451 50.3 . 431 21.68 104.6 91.1 95.31925............................................ 51 515 49.3 .441 21.74 102.5 93.2 95.61927............................................. 62 423 50.0 .445 22.25 104.0 94.1 97.81929............................................. 66 510 49.2 .447 21.99 102.3 94.5 96.71931............................................. 63 321 49.1 .405 19.89 102.1 85.6 87.4

■Includes skull splitters, jawbone pullers, horn sawyers, and teeth grinders.148227°—33----- 2




OFFAL (OTHER THAN HIDES AND CASINGS) DEPARTMENT—Continued


week

Aver



Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Average

earningsper

hour

agefullrtimeearningsper

week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedRippers-open of paunches and

pecks:1917............................................. 43 93 $0,267

.47556.2

1921............................................. 23 69 48.0 $22.80 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 28 100 52.9 .467 24.70 110.2 98.3 108.31925............................................. 49 121 49.4 .489 24.16 102.9 102.9 106.01927............................................. 54 115 49.7 .510 25.35 103.5 107.4 111.21929............................................. 49 90 49.6 .495 24.55 103.3 104.2 107.71931............... — ____ _________ 57 116 49.3 .438 21.59 102.7 92.2 94.7

Washers and pickers of trimmings and fat:

1917............................................. 47 240 .258 55.61921............................................. 18 77 47.9 .464 22.23 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 29 124 51.6 .451 23.27 107.7 97.2 104.71925............................................. 39 138 49.2 .471 23.17 102.7 101.5 10421927............................................. 40 123 49.9 .469 23.40 104.2 101.1 105.31929............................................. 47 133 49.4 .487 24.06 103.1 105.0 108.21931........................................... - 37 104 50.0 .413 20.65 1014 89.0 92.9

Truckers:1917............................................. 37 241 .242 53.11921............................................. 26 214 48.0 .456 21.89 100.0 100.0 100.0

104.71923............................................. 29 472 52.9 .433 22.91 110.2 95.01925.................... - ...................... 46 289 49.8 .442 22.01 103.8 96.9 100.51927............................................. 45 238 49.3 .463 22.83 102.7 101.5 104.31929............................................. 41 213 48.6 .455 22.11 101.3 *99.8 101.01931....... - .................................. - 47 210 48.8 .399 19.47 101.7 87.5 88.9

Tripe washers:1917............................................. 47 165 .255 48.21921............................................. 28 77 48.3 .529 25.55 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 30 115 52.6 .489 25.72 108.9 92.4 100.71925............................................. 50 116 50.5 .528 26.66 104.6 99.8 104.31927............................................. 46 120 49.2 .515 25.34 101.9 97.4 99.21929............................................ 49 122 49.2 .489 24.06 101.9 92.4 94.21931..............- ....... .................... 50 109 49.4 .439 21.69 102.3 83.0 84.9

Tripe scalders and cookers:1917............................................. 22 59 .272 56.41921............................................. 12 21 48.0 .482 23.14 100.0 100.0 100.0

109.4119.0110.5 118.8105.0

1923............................................. 15 28 52.5 .482 25.31 109.4 100.01925............................................. 29 43 49.7 .554 27.53 103.5 114.91927............................................. 21 33 48.5 .527 25.56 101.0 109.31929............................................ 24 40 48.5 .567 27.49 101.0 117.61931...........................- .............. 26 35 49.3 .493 24.30 102.7 102.3

Tripe scrapers and finishers:1917——...................................... 35 157 .414 78.11921............................................. 24 115 48.2 .530 25.55 100.0 100.0 100.0

120.0114.8109.9106.9 89.6

1923............................................. 31 209 52.6 .583 30.67 109.1 110.01925............................................. 49 227 49.7 .563 29.32 103.1 111.31927.................... ....................... 47 194 49.0 .590 28.08 101.7 108.11929............................................. 53 223 48.5 .573 27.31 100.6

101.2106.2

1931________________________ 54 188 48.8 .469 22.89 88.5Shavers, cleaners, scrapers, and

singers, pigs’ feet:1917............................................. 35 116 .289 59.71921............................................. 19 54 49.7 .484 24.05 100.0 100.0 100.0

100.7103.0108.5105.6 91.8

1923............................................. 24 91 51.3 .472 24.21 103.2 97.51925............................................. 36 100 51.1 .485 24.78 102.8 100.21927............................................. 28 61 49.5 .527 26.09 99.6 108.91929............................................. 37 76 50.1 .507 25.40 100.8 104.81931............................................. 30 81 50.4 .438 22.08 101.4 90.5

55.3Splitters and trimmers, pigs’ feet:

1917.............................................. 18 38 .2571921............................................. 10 14 48.9 .465 22.74 100.0 100.0 100.0

104.5124.5 106.9114.6 97.0

1923............................................. 2 3 52.0 .457 23.76 106.3 98.31925............................................. 15 32 50.4 .562 28.32 103.1 120.9

107.71927.............................................. 10 18 48.5 .501 24.30 99.21929.... ......................................... 22 38 52.1 .500 26.05 106.5

99.8107.597.21931.............................................. 16 39 48.8 .452 22.06


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 15Table 1*—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedOFFAL (OTHER THAN HIDES AND CASINGS) DEPARTMENT—Continued


week

Aver

Index numbers (1921 =» 100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number ofwage

earners

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedFinishers, pigs’ feet:

1917............................................. 9 18 $0,277.450

61.61921............................................. 4 6 48.0 $21.60

21.79100.0 100.0 100.0

1923............................................. 6 10 49.4 .441 102.9 98.0 100.91925............................................. 8 13 51.2 .467 23.91 106.7 103.8 110.71927............................................. 6 12 48.4 .488 23.62 100.8 108.5 109.41929............................................. 8 8 48.0 .494 23.71 100.0 109.8 109.81931............................................. 5 11 50.2 .422 21.18 104.6 93.8 98.1

Utility men, slunk skinners, and spellmen:

1917............................................. 30 93 .289 58.61921............................................. 26 89 47.7 .493 23.52 100.0 100.0 100.01923........................................... 29 139 52.8 .511 26.98 110.7 103.7 114.71925............................................. 45 173 50.7 .493 25.00 106.3 100.0 106.31927........................................... 50 164 49.5 .522 25.84 103.8 105.9 109.91929........................................... . 53 240 49.4 .539 26.63 103.6 109.3 113.21931............................................. 53 197 49.0 .468 22.93 102.7 94.9 97.5

Total, males:3917__................................ 62 3,637

2,034 3,256 3,176 3,007 3,181 2,855

.272 54. 51921................................... 33 48.0 .499 23.95 100.0 100.0 100.01923................................... 37 52.2 .489 25.53 108.8 98.0 106.61925................................... 89 49.9 .499 24.90 104.0 100.0 104.01927................................. . 81 49.6 .512 25.40 103.3 102.6 106.11929................................... 86 49.2 .510 25.09 102.5 102.2 104.81931................................... 85 49.3 .452 22.28 102.7 90.6 93.0

FEMALES

Chiselers, cheekers, and templers: 1921............................................. 4 9 48.0 .396 19.01 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 6 17 50.8 .373 18.95 105.8 94.2 99.71927........................................... 4 4 49.5 .436 21.58 103.1 110.1 113.51929............................................. 5 5 49.0 .429 21.02 102.1 108.3 110.61931............................................. 2 2 51.0 .422 21.52 106.3 106.6 113.2

Machine operators:*1917............................................. 3 5 .197 52.11921............................................ 4 4 48.0 .378 18.14 100.0 100.0 io 5. o1923........................................... 7 28 53.8 .365 19.64 112.1 96.6 108.31925............................................. 6 9 51.3 .413 21.19 106.9 109.3 116.81927............................................. 8 12 50.3 .437 21.98 104.8 115.6 121.21929............................................. 13 19 49.0 .355 17.40 102.1 93.9 95.91931........................................... 6 6 48.3 .324 15.65 100.6 85.7 86.3

Trimmers:1917............................................. 16 90 .182 47.61921............................................. 14 103 48.0 .382 18.34 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 15 198 52.9 .367 19.41 110.2 96.1 105.81925............................................. 22 139 50.7 .374 18.96 105.6 97.9 103.41927............................................. 24 169 49.9 .373 18.61 104.0 97.7 101.51929............................................. 36 246 49.1 .371 18.22 102.3 97.1 99.31931............................................. 36 173 48.8 .313 15.27 101.7 81.9 83.3

Pluck trimmers:1921........................................... 6 19 46.3 .340 15.74 100.0 100.0 100.01923........................................... 8 15 52.0 .373 19.40 112.3 109.7 123.31925............................................. 5 6 52.3 .406 21.23 113.0 119.4 134.91927...................................... 8 13 51.5

48.6.374 19.26 111.2 101.0 122.4

1929............................................. 14 40 .359 17.45 105.0 105.6 110.91931................ ......................... 13 27 50.2 .325 16.32 108.4 95.6 103.7

Inspectors and graders:1921............................................. 2 2 48.0 .371 17.81 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 3 U 53.5 .335 17.92 111.5 90.3 100.61925............................................. 2 3 52.0 .372 19.34 108.3 100.3 108.61927............................................. 4 a 51.0 .320 16.32 106.3 86.3 91.61929............................................. 3 4 52.5 .341 17.90

13.28109.497.X

91.9 100.51931............................................. 5 10 46.6 .285 76.8 74.6

* Includes skull splitters, jawbone pullers, horn sawyers, and teeth grinders.



T a b l e 1 .—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified 1917 to 1931, by department, sex, and occupation—Continued


Aver

Index numbers (1921— 100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Averagefifli-timehoursper

week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

females—continued

Packers:1921............................................. 3 7 45.7 $0,351

.320$16.04 17.31

100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 5 20 54.1 118.4 91.2 107.91925................. ........................... 6 13 51.2 .335 17.15 112.0 95.4 106.91929................................... ......... 8 35 48.0 .366 17.57 105.0 104.3 109.51931.................... ....................... 14 51 48.8 .307 14.98 106.8 87.5 93.4

Miscellaneous workers: *1917............................................. 15 144 .167 47.31921............................................. 13 73 47.6 .353 16.80 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 15 180 52.1 .341 17.77 109.5 96.6 105.81925............................................. 24 154 50.7 .297 15.06 106.5 84.1 89.61927........................................... - 30 110 49.2 .348 17.12 103.4 98.6 101.91929............................................. 26 146 49.8 .346 17.23 104.6 98.0 102.61931........................................... - 22 96 49.3 .308 15.18 103.6 87.3 90.4

Shavers, cleaners, scrapers, and singers, pigs’ feet:

1917........................................... 13 49 .170 46.91921............ ................................ 5 20 48.0 .362 17.38 100.0 100.0 100.01923........................................... - 8 24 52.8 .340 17.95 110.0 93.9 103.31925............................................. 6 16 52.1 .379 19.75 108.5 104.7 113.61927............................................. 5 13 48.2 .328 15.81 100.4 90.6 91.01929............................................. 7 12 49.0 .418 20.48 102.1 115.5 117.81931______ ___________ ______ 8 14 49.0 .320 15.68 102.1 88.4 90.2

8plitters and trimmers, pigs’ feet: 1917............................................. 9 22 .205 71.21921........................................... - 3 4 51.0 .288 14.69 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 5 16 52.9 .363 19.20 103.7 126.0 130.71925............................................. 3 4 51.0 .392 19.99 100.0 136.1 136.11927............................................. 3 3 48.0 .387 18.58 94.1 134.4 126.51929............................................. 8 20 49.2 .353 17.37 96.5 122.6 118.21931........................................... - 5 14 49.3 .363 17.90 96.7 126.0 121.9

Total, females:1917................................... 17 310 .174 47.41921................................... 22 241 47.9 .367 17.58 100.0 100.0 100.01923................................... 22 509 52.6 .354 18.62 109.8 96.5 105.91925................................... 35 344 50.7 .341 17.29 105.8 92.9 98.41927................................... 35 330 50.0 .364 18.20 104.4 99.2 103.51929................................... 46 527 49.2 .363 17.86 102.7 98.9 101.61931................................... 48 393 49.0 .314 15.39 102.3 85.6 87.5

HIDE DEPARTMENT

HALESInspectors, graders, and trimmers:

1917............................................. 48 194 $0,287.501

57.31921........................................... . 30 161 48.1 $24.10

25.89100.0 100.0 100.0

1923............................................. 34 231 52.3 .495 108.7 98.8 107.41925............................................. 57 234 49.9 .520 25.95 103.7 103.8 107.71927........................................... . 60 232 49.5 .540 26.73 102.9 107.8 110.91929............................................. 71 274 48.7 .557 27.13 101.2 111.2 112.61931............................................. 58 253 48.9 .477 23.33 101.7 95.2 96.8

Spreaders and salters:1917............................................. 35 219 .264 54.31921............................................. 29 192 48.2 .486 23.43 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 33 280 52.2 .481 25.11 108.3 99.0 107.21925............................................. 62 351 49.6 .495 24.55 102.9 101.9 104.81927............................................. 66 376 49.4 .505 24.95 102.5 103.9 106.51929............................................. 65 299 48.7 .522 25.42 101.0 107.4 108.51931............................................. 63 307 49.2 .443 21.80 102.1 91.2 93.0

* Includes laborers, rippers-open of paunches and pecks, washers and pickers of trimmings and fat, tripe washers, scalders, c o o t^ , scrapers, and and finishers of pigs* feet.


WAGES AND HOURS OP LABOR, 1931 17T a b l e 1*— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1931, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedHIDE DEPARTMENT—Continued

Aver



Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedLaborers:

1917............................................. 42 805 $0,237.452

52.41921............................................. 26 461 48.1 $21.74

22.65100.0 100.0 100.0

1923............................ - .............. 31 846 52.3 .433 108.7 95.8 104.21925........................................— 47 819 49.9 .439 21.91 103.7 97.1 100.81927............................................. 51 723 49.2 .475 23.37 102.3 105.1 107.51929............................................. 53 6 27 48.2 .461 22.22 100.2 102.0 102.21931............................................. 41 576 48.4 .400 19.36 100.6 88.5 89.1

Total males :1917.................................. 55 1,218

814.252 53.6

1921.................... .............. 30 48.1 .470 22.61 100.0 100.0 100.01923................................... 34 1,357

1,404 1,331 1,200 1,136

52.3 .455 23.80 108.7 96.8 105.31925................................... 67 49.8 .470 23.41 103.5 300.0 103.51927................................... 71 49.3 .497 24.40 102.5 105.7 107.91929................................... 75 48.4 .502 24.30 100.6 106.8 107.51931.............................. — 68 48.7 .433 21.09 101.2 92.1 93.3

CASING DEPARTMENT

MALESCasing pullers or runners:

1917............................................ 59 597 $0,296 56.31921............................................. 32 408 48.5 .526 $25.51 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 34 548 52.3 .518 27.09 107.8 98.5 106.21925............................................. 69 620 50.1 .521 26.10 103.3 99.0 102.31927............................................. 68 609 49.4 .542 26.77 101.9 303.0 104.91929...................................... — - 74 686 49.2 .532 26.17 101.4 101.1 102.61931.............................................

Strippers:1917.............................................

7649

714305

49.6........

.476

.26223.61 102.3 90.5

54.292.6

1921............................................. 28 203 .483 23.14 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 32 313 52.7 .474 24.98 110.0 98.1 108.01925............................................. 55 270 50.3 .499 25.10 305.0 103.3 103.51927............................................. 53 279 49.2 .505 24.85 102.7 304.6 107.41929............................................. 61 312 49.3 .498 24.55 102.9 103.1 106.11931............................................

Fatters and slimers:1917 ...........................................

6952

239571

49.1 .429.312

21.06 102.5 88.857.0

91.0

1921............................................. 30 336 48.4 .547 26.47 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................ 39 427 52.9 .611 32.32 109.3 111.7 122.11925............................................. 61 558 50.0 .556 27.80 103.3 101.7 105.01927.................... - ...................... 61 626 48.8 .556 27.13 100.8 101.6 102.51929............................................. 71 598 48.9 .548 26.80 101.0 100.2 101.21931.............................................

Turners:1917.............................................

7236

526112

49.1 .486.264

23.86 101.4 88.851.2

90.1

1921........................- ................... 31 99 48.2 .516 24.87 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 26 128 52.6 .479 25.20 109.1 92.8 101.31925................................... - ........ 44 173 49.9 .490 24.45 103.5 95.0 98.31927........................................— 47 143 48.9 .505 24.69 101.5 97.9 99.31929.................... - ..................— 54 157 48.5 .518 25.12 100.6 100.4 101.01931................................— ........

Blowers, graders, and inspectors:1917 ________ ____________

4639

98152

48.8 .441.267

21.52 101.2 85.553.9

86.5

1921............................................. 28 94 49.1 .495 24.30 100.0 100.0 ioo.o1923............................................. 27 130 52.8 .484 25.56 107.5 97.8 105.21925............................................. 45 164 49.8 .489 24.35 101.4 98.8 100.21927............................................. 51 182 48.7 .537 26.15 99.2 108.5 107.61929............................................. 58 238 48.9 .517 25.28 99.6 104.4 104.01931............................................. 61 220 49.3 .463 22.83 100.4 93.5 94.0



Table 1.—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—Continued

CASING DEPARTMENT-Continued

Aver Aver

Index numbers (1921® 100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

agefulltimehoursper

week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earn;ingsper

hour


week

males—continuedMeasurers and bunchers:

1917............................................. SO 62 $0,283.512

55.31921............................................. 26 59 48.4 $24.78"

25.7615576’ 100.0 100.0

1923............................................. 23 65 53.0 .486 109.5 94.9 104.01925............................................. 42 100 50.3 .519 26.11 103.9 101.4 105.4

104.41927............................................. 37 81 49.0 .528 25.87 101.2 103.11929...................................... ...... 36 88 48.8 .512 24.99 100.8 100.0 100.81931........... ................................ 38 86 50.2 .440 22.09 103.7 85.9 89.1

Salters and packers:1917_........................................... 40 190 .278 55.41921............................................. 27 132 48.1 .502 24.15 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 30 158 52.6 .479 25.20 109.4 95.4 104.41925............................................. 51 219 49.9 .501 25.00 103.7 99.8 103.5

107.1106.996.0

1927............................................. 45 197 48.8 .530 25.86 101.5 105.61929............................................. 52 215 48.8 .529 25.82 101.5

101.7105.4

1931........... ................................. 58 177 48.9 .474 23.18 94.4Trimmers of casings:

1917............................................. 50 299 .280 54.91921............................................. 29 163 48.1 .510 24.53 100.0 100.0

99.6100.0107.7 104.4107.7

1923............................................. 32 213 52.0 .508 26.42 108.11925............................................. 55 240 50.1 .511 25.60 104.2 100.21927............................................. 51 233 49.0 .539 26.41 101.9 105.71929............................................ 59 224 49.6 .538 26.68 103.1 105.5 108.8

93.71931________ ____ _____ ______ 65 258 49.0 .469 22.98 101.9 92.0Blowers and tiers of bladders and

weasands:1917............................................ 16 29 .268 54.51921......................... ................... 7 14 48.0 .492 23.62 100.0 100.0 100.0

103.3103.196.5

1923............................................. 14 23 51.7 .472 24.40 107.7 95.91925............................................. 14 34 49.1 .496 24.35 102.3 100.81927............................................. 21 29 48.7 .4(58 22.79 101.5 95.11929............................................. 17 28 48.3 .537 25.97 100.6 109.1 109.9

93.41931............... ................... ......... 11 17 48.4 .456 22.07 100.8 92.7Cleaners and washers of casings,

bladders, weasands, and chitterlings:

1929............................................. 53 222 49.5 .492 24.351931............................................. 45 105 49.7 .412 20.48

General workers:1917............................................. 58 410 .275 53.71921............................................. 27 121 49.5 .512 25.34 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................ 34 313 52.3 .490 25.63 105.7 95.7 101.1

101.41925...................................... . 63 377 50.9 .505 25.70 102.8 98.61927............................................. 65 296 49.8 .515 25.65 100.6 100.6 101.21929............................................. 51 142 49.3 .597 29.43 99.6 116.6 116.11931............................................. 48 82 49.2 .568 27.95 99.4 110.9 110.3

Laborers:1917............................................. 30 307 .228 49.41921........................................... . 20 108 48.7 .462 22.50 100.0 100.0 100.0

97.795.699.196.486.3

1923............................................. 27 165 52.6 .418 21.99 108.0 102.1

90.593.798.3

1925............................................. 41 217 49.7 .433 21.521927............................................. 33 133 49.1 .454 22.29 100.8

100.8101.2

1929.......................................... 39 154 49.1 .442 21.70 95.785.353.5

1931............................................. 44 128 49.3 .394 19.42Truckers:

1917........................................... . 15 47 .2381921............................................. 16 55 48.8 .445 21.72 100.0

108.8100.096.6

100.0105.1103.0107.6100.6 93.7

1923............................................. 16 116 53.1 .430 22.831925......................... ................... 28 59 50.2 .446 22.39 102.9

98.8100.2109.0100.2

1927............................................. 18 46 48.2 .485 23.381929............................................. 21 62 49.0 .446 21.85 100.41931............................................. 22 48 50.4 .404 20.36 103.3 90.8


w a g e s a n d h o u r s o f l a b o r , id 3 l 19

T a b l e 1 .—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—Continued

CASING DEPARTMENT—Continued

Aver

Index numbers (1921** 100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedTotal, males:

1917................. ................. 62 3,081 1,792 2,599 3,031 2,854 3,126 2,748

$0,279.512

54.51921................................... 32 48.4 $24.78

26.67100.0 100.0 100.0

1923................................... 34 52.6 .507 108.7 99.0 107.61925................................... 78 50.1

49.1.510 25.55 103.5 99.6 103.1

1927................................... 76 .529 25.97 101.4 103.3 104.81929................................... 79 49.1 .524 25.73 101.4 102.3 103.81931................................... 83 49.3 .464 22.88 101.9 90.6 92.3

FEMALESCasing pullers or runners:

1917............................................. 2 2 .196 48.91921............................................. 5 17 48.0 .401 19.25 100.0 100.0 100.0

100.41923............................................. 6 39 51.1 .378 19.32 106.5 94.31925............................................. 10 75 51.0 .386 19.69 106.3 96.3 102.31927........................................... . 14 59 49.4 .391 19.32 102.9 97.5 100.41929............................................. 16 66 50.0 .397 19.85 104.2 99.0 103.11931............................................. 13 33 48.6 .312 15.16 101.3 77.8 78.8

Strippers:1917............................................. 1 17 .151 41.61921......................... ........... ........ 8 41 48.0 .363 17.42 100.0 100.0 100.0

109.8109.4

1923......................... .................. 5 17 54.0 .354 19.12 112.5 97.51925............................................. 8 18 50.8 .375 19.05 105.8 103.31927...................... ...................... 6 18 48.3 .392 18.93 100.6 108.0 108.7

115.41929............................................. 8 38 48.8 .412 20.11 101.7 113.51931............................................. 7 17 49.1 .303 14.88 102.3 83.5 85.4

Turners:1921......................................... 4 12 48.0

53.8.392 18.82 100.0

112.1100.086.5

100.096.91923............................................. 4 32 .339 18.24

1925............................ ............... 6 30 48.5 .329 15.96 101.0 83.9 84.81927............................................. 2 4 51.0 .426 21.73 106.3 108.7 115.5

88.979.6

1929............................................. 7 38 48.2 .347 16.73 100.4 88.51931_________________________ 6 11 48.2 .311 14.99 100.4 79.3

Blowers, graders, and inspectors: 1917........................................... . 13 135 .163 46.11921............................................. 11 77 47.9 .354 16.96 100.0 100.0 100.0

107.91923............................................. 15 190 52.6 .348 18.30 109.8 98.31925.......................................... 29 197 49.2 .364 17.91 102.7 102.8 105.6

109.41927............................ ............... 27 221 48.3 .384 18.55 100.8 108.51929............................................. 42 280 48.6 .384 18.66 101.5 108.5 110.01931.......... ............................... 38 347 48.7 .318 15.49 101.7 89.8 91.3

Measurers and bunchers:1917............................................. 2 7 .170 45.11921............................................. 4 12 48.0 .377 18.10 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 8 (34 53.3 .437 23.29 111.0 115.9 128.71925............................................. 17 62 49.1 .382 18.76 102.3 101.3 103.6

89.31927............................................. 14 57 48.1.336 16.16 100.2 89.11929............................................. 18 49 48.5 .394 19.11 101.0 104.5 105.61931............... — - ...................... 24 67 48.4 .320 15.49 100.8 84.9 85.6

Salters and packers:1917............................................. 4 14 .160 45.51921............................................. 5 12 48.0 .352 16.90 100.0 100.0 100.0

119.8116.2

1923............................................. 6 16 54.0 .375 20.25 112.5 106.51925...................— ..................... 10 22 49.6 .396 19.64 103.3 112.51927............................................. 8 22 48.8 .376 18.35 101.7 106.8 108.61929............................................. 9 25 48.6 .410 19.93 101.3 116.5 117.91931.................... ...................... 9 14 47.7 .299 14.26 99.4 84.9 84.4

Trimmers of casings:1917............................................. 14 104 .187 47.01921............................................. 16 54 48.1 .398 19.14 100.0 100.0 100.01923........................... ................. 12 71 52.6 .378 19.88 109.4 95.0 103.91925............................................. 15 75 50.3 .386 19.42 104.6 97.0 101.51927............................................. 14 40 48.8 .406 19.81 101.5 102.0 103.51929............ ................................ 18 72 48.4 .419 20.28 100.6 105.3 106.01931............................................. 13 63 48.6 .296 14.39 101.0 74.4 1 75.2


T a b l e 1*—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1981, department, sex, and occupation—Continued




Numberof

establish

ments

Number of

Aver-

timehoursper

week

Average

earningsper

hour

Aver-

timeearningsper

week

Index numbers (1921* 100.0)


Average

earningsper

hour

Aver-

timeearningsper

week

females—continuedBlowers and tiers of bladders and

weasands:1917........................................... .1921............................................1923............................................1925........................................... .1927........................................... .1929........................................... .1931.................... ...................... .

Cleaners and washers of casings, bladders, weasands, and chitterlings:

1929........................................... .General workers:10

1917....................1921....................1923....................1925....................1927___________1929....................1931....................

Total, females:1917............1921............1923............1925....... .1927............1929............1931............

185895150

1991432034838

352349637656642825673

48.054.0 48.7 48.348.0 49.5

48.948.7

49.2 54.1 49.949.748.348.7

$0,155.358.368.405.400.412.332

.357

.285

.178

.358

.341

.361

.373

.411

.276

$17.1819.8719.7219.3219.7816.43

17.4613.88

100.0112.5101.5100.6 100.0 103.1

43.3100.0102.8113.1 111.7115.1 92.7

17.6118.4518.0118.5419.8513.44

100.0110.0101.4101.098.299.0

49.7100.095.3

100.8104.2114.877.1

48.253.249.7 48.948.748.7

.171

.369

.361

.373

.379

.386

.309

17.79 19.21 18.54 18.5318.80 15.05

100.0110.4 103.1101.5 101.0 101.0

46.3100.097.8

101.1102.7104.683.7

100.0115.7114.8 112.5 115.195.6

100.0104.3 102.8105.3 112.776.3

100.0108.0104.2104.2 105.784.6

CUTTING—FRESH-BEEF DEPARTMENT

MALESRibbers:

1917...................- ........................ 23 41 $0.317 52.01921________ ________________ 17 26 48.3 .610 $29.46 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................ 17 39 53.0 .565 29.95 109.7 92.6 101.71925............................................. 33 66 49.5 .585 28.96 102.5 95.9 98.31927............................................. 30 58 49.0 .567 27.78 101.5 93.0 94.31929............... ............................. 25 51 48.7 .602 29.32 100.8 98.7 99.51931............... - ............................ 40 72 48.6 .508 24.69 100.6 83.3 83.8

Laborers:1917............................................. 49 2,700 .236 51.11921............................................. 27 1,229 48.2 .462 22.27 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 33 1,261 52.6 .447 23.51 109.1 96.8 105.61925............................................. 56 1,767 49.9 .443 22.11 103.5 95.9 99.31927............................................. 60 1,779 48.8 .451 22.01 101.2 97.6 98.81929............................................. 63 1,606 48.6 .459 22.31 100.8 99.4 100.21931............................................ 64 1,302 48.5 .411 19.93 100.6 89.0 89.5

Luggers and lifters:1917............................................. 42 493 .302 54.11921............................................. 24 340 48.3 .558 26.95 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 31 421 52.4 .532 27.88 108.5 95.3 103.51925............................................. 60 578 50.0 .533 26.65 103.5 95.5 98.91927............................................. 58 577 48.8 .536 26.16 101.0 96.1 97.11929............................................. 55 502 48.9 .550 26.90 101.2 98.6 99.81931............................................. 56 472 49.4 .488 24.11 102.3 87.5 $9.5

* Includes fatters, slimers, and laborers.


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 21T a b l e 1 .—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedCUTTING—FRESH-BEEF DEPARTMENT—Continued

i.' ■■■' .ig.......■' i------------ "■


week

AverIndex numbers (1921-

100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number ofwage

earners

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continued

Sawyers, power:1917............................................. 7 16 $0,263

.50352.3

1921............................................. 12 18 47.5 $23.89 29.21

100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 15 33 53.2 .549 112.0 109.1 122.31925............................................. 29 55 49.8 .526 26.19 104.8 104.6 109.61927............................................. 30 48 48.8 .550 26.84 102.7 109.4 112.41929............................................................ 20 31 48.2 .555 26.75 101.5 110.3 112.01931........................... ..................... ........... 21 35 48.5 .468 22.70 102.1 93 .0 95.0

Ham facers, strippers, and markers: 1917............................................................ 16 57 .335 60.11921............................................................ U 27 48.1 .557 26.79 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................................ 18 66 53.4 .649 34.66 111.0 116.5 129.41925............................................................ 22 61 49.7 .611 30.37 103.3 109.7 113.41927............................................................ 18 35 47.7 .716 34.15 99.2 128.5 127.5

117.01929............................................................ 16 45 47.2 .664 31.34 98.1 119.21931............................................................ 17 40 49.1 .578 28.38 102.1 103.8 105.9

Boners:1917............................................................ 35 426 .510 87 .21921............................................................ 18 86 48.5 .585 28.37 100.0 100.0 100.0

169.11923............................................................ 30432 52.9 .907 47.98 109.1 155.01925............................................................ 57 547 49.4 .786 38.83 101.9 134.2 136.9

128.7135.0109.1

1927............................................................ 59 499 48.6 .751 36.50 100.2 128.41929............................................................ 64 557 48.9 .783 38.29 100.8 133.81931............................................................ 63 <167 49.2 .629 30.95 101.4 107.5

Trimmers:1917............................................................ 29 1201 .291 58.11921........................................................... 15 31 48.3 .501 24.20 100.0 100.0 100.0

111.5102.7106.8 107.299.4

1923............................................................ 21 189 52.1 .518 26.99 107.9 103.41925............ ................................................ 39 224 49.5 .50 2 24.85 102.5 100.21927________________________________ 43 173 49.5 .522 25.84 102.5 104.21929............................................................ 33 149 48.4 .536 25.94 100.2 107.01931............................................................ 37 121 49.9 .482 24.05 103.3 96.2

Utility men, handy men, spell men, assistant foremen, and straw bosses:

1917......... ................................................ 32 177 .302 53.21921......... ................................................ 18 59 4 7.4 .568 26.92 100.0 100.0 100.0

122.8102.7 106.3 110.0107.7

1923.......................................................... 24 88 52.9 .625 33.06 111.6 110.01925_________________________ _____ 42 168 50.2 .551 27.66 105.9 97 .01927.............. ......................................... 51 164 49.0 .584 28.62 103.4 102.81929............................................................ 53 241 49.5 .598 29.60 104.4 105.31931............................................................ 52 145 48.9 .593 29.00 103.2 104.4

Cutters and general butchers:1917............................................................ 33 166 .303 52.41921............................................................ 22 121 48.1 .578 "'27 .80~ 155.6" 100.0 100.0

117.0 111.3 112.9110.1 101.5

1923............................................................ 18 68 52.2 .623 32.52 108.5 107.81925.............. ......................................... 53 186 51.5 .601 30.95 107.1 104.01927................. ..................................... 41 212 50.2 .625 31.38 104.4 108.11929______ - ............................................. 43 175 49.7 .616 30.62 103.3 106.61931............................................................ 44 129 49.4 .571 28.21 102.7 9 8 .8

Graders and inspectors:1917............................................................ 20 58 .282 55.21921.... ...................................................... 13 23 47.7 .511 24.37 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 15 37 53.7 .516 27.71 112.6 101.0 113.7

103.7 106.4

1925............................................. 23 45 48.8 .518 25.28 102.3 101.41927............................................. 19 34 49.2 .527 25.93 103.1 103.11929............................................. 26 54 49.1 .537 26.37 102.9 105.1 108.2

100.11931............................................. 23 45 49.2 .496 24.40 103.1 97.1Packers, meat runners, order men,

and stowers:1917............................................................ 44 750 .255 54.31921............................................................ 29 353 48.4 .470 22.75 100.0 100.0 155761923............................................................ 27 531 53.2 .472 25.11 109.9 100.4 110.41925............................................................ 53 749 50.4 .464 23.39 104.1 98.7 102.81927............................................................ 58 860 48.8 .473 23.08 100.8 100.6 101.51929............................................. 59 711 49.4 .496 24.50 102.1 105.5 107.71931............................................. 56 650 49.2 .438 21.55 101.7 93.2 94.7



T a b l e 1.— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—Continued

CUTTING—FRESH-BEEF DEPARTMENT—Continued


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Aa?e-fulltimehoursper

week

earningsper

hour


week

Index numbers (1921 *■100.0)

Averagefulltimehours

perweek

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedTruckers:

1917...............................................1921...............................................1923...............................................1925...............................................1927...............................................1929...............................................1931...............................................

Freezer and temperature men:1917.......................- -------- ---------1921...............................................1923...............................................1925...............................................1927...............................................1929............- ..................... ...........1931...............................................

Calf skinners:1917...............................................1921...............................................1923...............................................1925.......................- ...................1927...............................................1929............................... ...............1931...............................................

Total, males:1917..................................1921..................................1923..................................1925..................................1927..................................1929..................................1931..................................

FEMALESTrimmers of trimmings:

1917...............................................1921...............................................1923...............................................1925...............................................1927...............................................1929...............................................1931...............................................

42897

.11

894483899618555567438282123200251222208274343664

115110101118

6,2942,9554,3285,4305,3264,9984,308

48.4 53.2 50.148.4 48.7

48.253.951.049.0 49.8 49.4

47.951.6 49.4 49.248.748.8

$0,231.456.447.435.435.452.402.251.503.471.485.513.499.472.420.741.903.958.870.861

$22.0723.7821.79 21.05 22.01 19.78

100.0109.9103.5 100.0100.6 101.7

24.2425.3924.7425.1424.8523.32

100.0111.8105.8101.7103.3102.5

35.4946.5947.3342.8041.9333.92

100.0107.7 103.1102.7101.7 101.9

50.7 100.098.095.495.499.188.249.9 100.093.696.4

102.099.293.856.7

100.0121.9129.3117.4 116.293.8

48.252.950.048.848.949.0

.266

.492

.526

.514

.516

.537

.473

23.7127.8325.7025.18 26.2623.18

100.0109.8103.7 101.2 101.5101.7

51.054.352.2 49.747.248.4

.160

.286

.371

.335

.295

14.5920.1517.4916.4015.4814.28

100.0106.5102.497.592.5 94.9

54.1 100.0106.9 104.5104.9 109.196.1

55.9100.0129.7117.1 115.4114.7103.1

100.0107.798.7 95.499.7

100.0104.7 102.1103.7 102.596.2

100.0131.3133.4 120.6 118.195.6

100.0117.4108.4 106.2 110.897.8

100.0138.1 119.9 112.4106.1 97.9

CUTTING—FRESH-PORK DEPARTMENT

MALESLaborers: u

1917............................................. 54 1,680822

$0,239 52.61921............................................. 31 49.3 .454 $22.38 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 34 1,355 52.0 .454 23.61 105.5 100.0 105.51925............................................. 64 1,389 50.7 .439 22.26 102.8 96.7 99.51927............................................. 68 1,255 49.6 .447 22.17 100.6 98.5 99.11929............................................. 72 1,426 49.5 .437 21.63 100.4 96.5 96.91931............................................. 74 1,319 49.4 .409 20.20 100.2 90.1 90.3

“ Includes sbovers, spacers, temperature men, counters, cutters-down, block tenders, sawyers-off of feet, wrappers, machine tenders, cooler men, and skin bundlers.


WAGES AN© HOTJBB OP LABOR, 1931 23T a b l e 1#—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1931, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedCUTTING—FRESH-PORK DEPARTMENT—Continued

Aver

Index numbers (1921— 100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedHam and shoulder sawyers:

1917............................................. 24 47 $0,290.520

55.81921............................................. 24 53 48.3 $25.12

26.94100.0 100.0 100.0

1923....................... ..................... 31 92 52.1 .517 107.9 99.4 107.21925............................................. 37 96 50.0 .525 26.25 103.5 101.0 104.51927............................................. 32 61 50.1 .534 26. 75 103.7 102.7 106.51929............................................. 43 88 49.9 .551 27.49 103.3 106.0 109.41931— ........................................ 39 78 49.7 .485 24.10 102.9 93.3 95.9

Ham cutters-ofi:1917............................................. 20 34 .304 57.41921............................................. 17 28 49.0 .530 25.97 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 25 46 51.4 .527 27.09 104.9 99.4 104.31925............................................. 31 46 50.3 .537 27.01 102.7 101.3 104.01927............................................. 23 34 50.3 .530 26.66 102.7 100.0 102.71929 ........................................... 30 48 49.3 .581 28.64 100.6 109.6 110.31931............................................. 29 41 49.2 .502 24.70 100.4 94.7 95.1

Ham trimmers:1917............................................. 24 83 ' .375 61.41921........................................... 28 86 "” 49." 21 .611 30.06 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 31 123 52.5 .605 31.76 106.7 99.0 105.71925....... - ................................... 40 132 50.1 .616 30.86 101.8 100.8 102.71927............................................ 40 125 49.2 .608 29.91 100.0 99.5 99.51929 .......................................... 52 196 49.8 .609 30.33 101.2 99.7 100.91931............................................. 42 136 49.1 .561 I 27.55 99.8 91.8 91.7

Ham boners:1917....... ............................ ...... 52 259 .367 46.21921............................................. 26 161 49.1 .794 38.99 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 32 209 49.6 .704 34.92 101.0 88.7 89.61925............................................. 67 286 51.4 .691 35.52 104.7 87.0 91.11927............................................. 64 5288 50.0 .701 35.05 101.8 88.3 89.91929............................................. 73 311 50.0 .722 36.10 101.8 90.9 92.61931.......... ................. .......... — 73 369 50.4 .602 30.34 102.6 75.8 77.8

Choppers-off, shoulders, and choppers, ribs:

1917........................................... 23 43 .347 56.81921............................................. 25 47 49.2 .611 30.06 100.0 100.0 166.61923............................................. 29 100 51.8 .565 29.27 105.3 92.5 97.41925 ........................................... 30 56 50.4 .585 29.48 102.4 95.7 98.01927............................................. 34 59 49.3 .585 28.84 100.2 95.8 95.91929............................................. 35 46 49.3 .609 30.02 100.2 99.7 99.91931— ——................................. 29 57 49.4 .531 26.23 100.4 86.9 87.3

Shoulder trimmers:1917............................................. 27 72 .327 58.41921............................................. 24 72 48.6 .560 27.22 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 28 128 51.9 .557 28.91 106.8 99.5 106.21925............................................. 36 104 50.7 .560 28.39 104.3 100.0 104.31927............................................. 30 77 49.6 .574 28.47 102.1 102.5 104.61929............................................. 45 137 50.2 .567 28.46 103.3 101.3 104.61931............................................. 38 126 49.2 .534 26.27 101.2 95.4 96.5

Shoulder boners:1917 .......................................... 20 52 .325 59.61921............................................. 19 45 48.5 .545 26.16 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 25 82 51.6 .543 28.02 107.5 99.6 107.11925............................................. 28 69 49.7 .561 27.88 103.5 102.9 106.51927............................................. 27 64 48.8 .613 29.91 101.7 112.5 114.31929............................................. 28 79 49.3 .567 27.95 102.7 104.0 106.81931............................................. 33 107 48.4 .526 25.46 100.8 96.5 97.3

Butt pullers:1917........................................... 17 29 .269 56.01921............................................. 15 24 48.5 .480 23.28 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 21 60 52.4 .495 25.94 108.0 103.1 111.41925............................................. 23 48 50.4 .517 26.06 103.9 107.7 111.91927............................................. 29 48 49.3 .521 25.69 101.7 108.5 110.41929............................................. 31 59 49.4 .517 25.54 101.9 107.7 109.71031............................................. 29 60 48.8 .471 22.98 100.6 98.1 08.7


Table 1.—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—Continued

CUTTING—FRESH-PORK DEPARTMENT—Continued


Aver Aver



Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

agefulltimehoursper

week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continued

Scribe sawyers:1917............................................. 15 37 $0,295 57.11921............................................. 22 43 48.5 .517 $25.07 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 27 83 52.5 .516 27.09 108.2 99.8 108.11925...........................- ................ 33 62 50.4 .535 26.96 103.9 103.5 107.51927............................................. 32 57 48.7 .551 26.83 100.4 106.6 107.01929............................................ 42 70 49.4 .542 26.77 101.9 104.8 106.81931............................................ 31 52 49.1 .499 24.50 101.2 96.5 97.7

Loin pullers:1917............................................. 22 55 .321 58.31921.................................... ........ 27 60 49.6 .551 27.33 100.0 100.0 100.01923............... .............. .............. 28 101 51.6 .556 28.69 104.0 100.9 105.01925......................- ........- ........... 34 96 50.0 .572 28.60 100.8 103.8 104.61927............... ................... - ........ 37 101 49.3 .586 28.89 99.4 106.4 105.71929........................ — .............. 50 141 49.8 .587 29.23 100.4 106.5 107.01931........................- ................. 45 108 49.2 .542 26.67 99.2 98.4 97.6

Ribbers:1917............................................. 27 119 .320 57.21921................................. ........... 25 86 48.2 .559 26.94 100.0 100.0 100.01923................. ........- ................. 30 132 51.4 .557 28.63 106.6 99.6 106.31925.......................................... 35 104 49.8 .558 27.79 103.3 99.8 103.21927.................... - ...................... 37 104 49.3 .587 28.94 102.3 105.0 107.41929____________________ ____ 48 133 49.8 .572 28.49 103.3 102.3 105.81931— ........................................ 37 98 48.9 .538 26.31 101.5 96.2 97.7

Trimmers and ham and shoulder skinners:

1917............................................. 41 368 .292 55.11921............................................. 29 362 49.0 .530 25.97 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 32 700 52.5 .537 28.19 107.1 101.3 108.51925............................................. 57 701 50.2 .533 26.76 102.4 100.6 103.01927............................................. 55 616 49.6 .556 27.58 101.2 104.9 106.21929 ............ ........................... 69 899 49.7 .565 28.08 101.4 106.6 108.11931.........- ................................ 62 869 49.3 .499 24.60 100.6 94.2 94.7

Trimmers of trimmings:1917........................................... 34 328 .316 52.61921............................................. 15 180 48.0 .601 28.85 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 23 310 51.3 .588 30.16 106.9 97.8 104.51925............................................. 46 334 50.9 .622 31.66 106.0 103.5 109.71927............................................. 25 280 49.1 .576 28.28 102.3 95.8 98.01929............................................. 32 293 49.8 .590 29.38 103.8 98.2 101.81931............................................. 39 347 49.2 .525 25.83 102.5 87.4 89.5

Utility men, handy men, all-roand men, assistant foremen, and straw bosses:

1917_________________________ 36 100 .310 59.01921............................................. 28 144 48.5 .525 25.46 100.0 100.0 100.01923.... ........................................ 29 146 52.7 .555 29.25 108.7 105.7 114.91925_________________________ 45 219 50.5 .566 28.58 104.1 107.8 112.31927............................................. 55 265 49.9 .556 27.74 102.9 105.9 109.01929............................................ 63 284 49.8 .580 28.88 102.7 110.5 113.41931............................................. 57 239 49.0 .537 26.31 101.0 102.3 103.3

Packers, nailers, car stowers, and small-order men:

1917............................................. 48 721 .253 55.21921............................................. 28 340 48.5 .458 22.21 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 29 595 52.5 .464 24.36 108.2 101.3 109.71925............................................. 62 977 51.8 .457 23.67 106.9 99.8 106.61927............................................. 64 952 50.9 .460 23.41 104.9 100.4 105.41929............................................. 66 1,082

1,150434

50.2 .456 22.89 103.5 99.691.7

103.11931............................................. 70 49.8 .420 20.92 102.7 94.2

Trackers:1917............................................. 33 .234 52.01921............................................. 25 257 49.1 .450 22.10 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 31 727 52.7 .443 23.35 107.3 98.4 105.71925............................................. 44 571 50.9 .435 22.14 103.7 96.7 100.2


WAGES AND HOURS OP LABOR, 1931 25T a b l e 1 .—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedCUTTING—FRESH-PORK DEPARTMENT-Continued


week

Aver



Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continued Ii

Trackers—Continued1927______________ __________ 42 435 49.5 $0,434 $21.48 100.8 96.4 97.21929______________ __________ 43 392 49.6 .427 21.18 101.0 94.9 95.81931................. ........................... 53 498 49.8 .400 19.92 101.4 88.9 90.1

Total, .males:1917................................... 61 4,461

2,8104,9895,2904,821

.271 52.51921................................... 31 48.9 .516 25.23 100.0 100.0 100.01923................................... 35 52.1 .503 26.21 106.5 97.5 103.91925........................... ........ 76 50.8 .503 25.55 103.9 97.5 101.31927................................... 75 49.8 .509 25.35 101.8 98.6 100.51929................................... 79 5,684

5,65449.8 .514 25.60 101.8 99.6 101.5

1931................................... 79 49.5 .466 23.07 101.2 90.3 91.4

FEMALESTrimmers of trimmings (including

trimmers):1917............................................. 35 1,027

580.219 53.4

1921........................................ . 23 48.7 .410 19.97 100.0 100.0 100.01923........................................... 24 677 53.0 .483 25.60 108.8 117.8 128.21925........................................ . 44 818 50.1 .430 21.54 102.9 104.9 107.91927............................................. 44 844 49.4 .421 20.80 101.4 102.7 104.21929............................................. 53 1,230

1,19539

49.3 .396 19.52 101.2 96.6 97.71931............................................. 52 48.9 .352 17.21 100.4 85.9 86.2

Miscellaneous workers:131917............................................ g .181 48.01921............................................ 10 75 48.2 .377 18.17 100.6 100.0 100.01923............................................. 11 54 54.0 .350 18.60 112.0 92.8 104.01925............................................. 16 69 50.9 .351 17.87 105.6 93.1 98.31927........................................ . 15 58 50.7 .373 18.91 105.2 98.9 104.11929............................................. 15 $9 48.5 .383 18.58 100.6 101.6 102.31931............................................. 26 91 48.7 .318 15.49 101.0 84.4 85.3

Total, females: 1917............... 38 1,066 .218 53.71921................................... 23 655 48.7 .406 19.77 100.0 100.0 100.01923................. ............... . 25 731 53.1 .473 25.12 109.0 116.5 127.11925............................. 43 887 50.2 .424 21.28 103.1 104.4 107.61927................................... 46 902 49.5 .418 20.69 101.6 103.0 104.71929.................................. 55 1,319

1,28649.3 .395 19.47 101.2 97.3 98.5

1931.................... ............ . 54 48.9 .349 17.07 100.4 86.0 86.3

LARD AND OLEO-OIL DEPARTMENT

MALESLaborers:

1917............................................. 51 947 $0,226.451

50.11921................................. .......... 32 820 48.2 $21.74 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................ 34 955 52.5 .430 22.58 108.9 95.3 103.91925.................... ....................... 70 1,039 50.3 .431 21.68 104.4 95.6 99.71927......................... ................... 67 995 49.6 .431 21.38 102.9 95.6 98.31929......................... ......... ......... 74 999 48.9 .447 21.86 101.5 99.1 100.61931.............................................

Melters:131917.............................................

74

49686140

49.3 .405.278

19.97 102.3 89.856.7

91.9

1921............................................. 32 161 49.8 .490 24.40 100.0 100.0 100.01923............... ............................ 34 202 51.9 .489 25.38 104.2 99.8 104.01925............................................. 74 401 51.1 .493 25.19 102.6 100.6 103.21927........................................... . 76 383 50.5 .501 25.30 101.4 102.2 103.71929............................................. 76 407 49.6 .510 25.30 99.6 104.1 103.71931............................................. 72 259 49.7 .475 23.61 99.8 96.9 96.8

u Includes laborers, ham and shoulder trimmers, packers, inspectors, wrappers, helpers, skin bundlers labelers, graders, etc.

“ Includes kettlemen, cooks, settlers, clarifiers, skimmers, tank men, and oleo makers.



Table !•—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—Continued

LARD AND OLEO-OIL DEPARTMENT-Continued


week

Aver



Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continued

Roller men:1917............................................................ 21 26 $0.263

.48554.2

1 9 2 1 .......................................................... 21 30 49.8 $24.15 25.21

100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................................ 28 42 52.2 .483 104.8 9 9 .6 104.41925............................................................ 53 77 50.3 .492 24.75 101.0 101.4 102.51927............................................................ 50 72 49.8 .506 25.20 100.0 104.3 104.31929............................................................ 51 69 49.3 .515 25.39 99 .0 106.2 105.11931............................................................ 47 63 49.3 .450 22.19 99.0 92.8 91 .9

Fillers:1917............................................................ 50 271 .241 52.11921............................................................ 30 220 48.9 .463 22.64 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................................ 37 315 51.9 .449 23.30 106.1 97.0 102.91925............................................................ 424 50.5 .460 23.23 103.3 99.4 102.61927............................................................ 67 350 49.7 .466 23.16 l o i . e 100.6 102.31929............................................................ 73 371 49.6 .487 24.16 101.4 105.2 106.71931 . . ...................................... 69 344 49.6 .438 21.72 101.4 94.6 95.9

Pumpers and refiners:1 9 1 7 ......................................................... 34 84 .279 57.81921............................................................ 27 107 ~~48.~2' .483 23.28 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................................ 28 124 52.7 .485 25. 56 109.3 100.4 109.81925............................................................ 50 148 50.1 .503 25.20 103.9 104.1 108.21927............................................................ 44 111 49.5 .504 24.95 102.7 104.3 107.11929............................................................ 58 150 49.3 .525 25.88 102.3 108.7 111.21931..................................- ....................... 59 151 49.4 .466 23.02 102.5 96.5 9 8 .9

Utility men, handy men, straw bosses, and assistant foremen:14

1917............................................................ 43 111 .295 54.31921............................................................ 20 49 48.2 .543 26.17 100.0 100.0 100.01923 .......................................................... 31 83 52.0 .534 27. 77 107.9 98.3 106.11925............................................................ 57 143 50.7 .531 26.92 105.2 97.8 102.91927— i ................................................... 49 131 50.5 .556 28.08 104.8 102.4 107.31929............................................................ 64 162 49.6 .592 29.36 102.9 109.0 112.21 9 3 1 .................. ....................................... 56 125 49.2 .545 26.81 102.1 100.4 102.4

Pressmen or wheelmen:1917......................... .................................. 29 148 .252 52.81921............................................................ 25 174 48.2 .477 22.99 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................................ 26 198 52.6 .464 24.41 109.1 97.3 106.21925............................................................ 56 329 50.1 .473 23.70 103.9 99.2 103.11927............................................................ 46 257 49.2 .474 23.32 102.1 99.4 101.41929............................................................ 45 273 48.5 .490 23.77 100.6 102.7 103.41931............................................................ 41 191 49.0 .437 21.41 101.7 91 .6 93.1

Total, males:1917.............................................. 61 1,727

1.561 1,9192.561 2,299 2,431 1,819

.246 52.81921............................................... 33 4S. 5 .466 22.60 100.0 100.0 100.0

104.61923............................................... 37 52.3 .452 23.64 107.8 97 .01925............................................... 83 50.4 .463 23.34 103.9 99.4 103.31927............................................... 81 49.8 .468 23.31 102.7 100.4 103.11929.............................................. 86 49.2 .486 23.91 101.4 104.3 105.81931............................................... 83 49.4 .442 21.83 101.9 94.8 96 .6

FEMALESCan washers, tub liners, fillers, and

labelers:1917............................................................ 19 90 .160 50.91921.................................... ....................... 18 107 48.8 .314 15.32 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................................ 26 219 52.3 .308 16.11 107.2 98 .1 105.21925............................................................ 42 255 49.4 .314 15.51 101.2 100.0 101.21927............................................................ 40 220 49.3 .325 16.02 101.0 103.5 104.61929............................................................ 49 270 49.4 .345 17.04 101.2 109.9 111.21931............................................................ 53 291 49.3 .295 14.54 101.0 93.9 94.9

u Includes inspectors and graders.



1917 to 1931, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedSAUSAGE DEPARTMENT

Aver



Numberof

establish

ments

Number ofwage

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

MALESTruckers and forkers:

1917............................................. 19 139 $0,229.452

50.71921............................................. 24 305 48.1 $21.74 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................ 24 481 52.7 .424 22.34 109.6 93.8 102.81925............................................. 46 300 50.6 .421 21.30 105.2 93.1 *98.01927............................................. 37 194 49.7 .440 21.87 103.3 97.4 100.61929............................................. 40 195 49.2 .452 22.24 102.3 100.0 102.31931............................................. 37 140 49.6 .416 20.63 103.1 92.0 94.9

Machine tenders:151917............................................ 55 253 .275 54.91921............................................. 31 193 48.6 .501 24.35 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 35 329 52.6 .499 26.25 108.2 99.6 107.81925............................................. 75 418 50.5 .510 25.76 103.9 101.8 105.81927............................................. 76 402 49.6 .513 25.44 102.1 102.4 104.51929............................................. 79 449 50.0 .531 26.55 102.9 106.0 109.01931............................................. 78 382 49.4 .476 23.51 101.6 95.0 96.6

Casing workers:561917............................................. 31 107 .241 51.41921............................................. 19 36 48.3 .469 22.65 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 22 75 51.3 .457 23.44 106.2 97.4 103.51925............................................. 32 107 49.5 .450 22.28 102.5 95.9 98.41927............................................. 36 77 49.6 .454 22.52 102.7 96.8 99.41929............................................. 42 98 49.6 .475 23.56 102.7 101.3 104.01931............................................. 37 103 49.2 .421 20.71 101.9 89.8 91.4

Staffers:1917............................................. 57 444 .295 55.01921............................................. 31 225 48.8 .536 26.16 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 36 316 52.6 .541 28.46 107.8 100.9 108.81925............................................. 74 406 50.8 .566 28.75 104.1 105.6 109.91927_________________________ 76 417 49.5 .565 27.97 101.4 105.4 106.91929............................................. 81 447 49.8 .578 28.78 102.0 107.8 110.01931............................................. 78 391 49.6 .522 25.89 101.6 97.4 99.0

Linkers, twisters, tiers, and hangers: 1917............................................. 13 103 .250 52.61921............................................. 6 45 48.0 .475 22.80 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 17 138 52.4 .465 24.37 109.2 97.9 106.91925............................................. 25 * 172 51.2 .467 23.91 106.7 98.3 104.91927............................................. 22 132 51.1 .465 23.76 106.5 97.9 104.21929............................................. 24 116 48.8 .500 24.40 101.7 105.3 107.01931............................................. 22 70 49.1 .447 21.95 102.3 94.1 96.3

Ropers (wrappers and tiers):1917............................................. 5 10 .259 43.41921............................................. 2 2 48.0 .597 28.66 100.0 100.0 ioo.’ o1923............................................. 9 23 52.2 .434 22.65 108.8 72.7 79.01925............................................. 14 20 49.5 .428 21.19 103.1 71.7 73.91927............................................. 8 24 , 49.0 .500 24.50 102.1 83.8 85.51929............................................. 3 6 51.3 .602 30.88 106.9 100.8 107.71931............................................. 5 9 50.0 .472 23.60 104.2 79.1 82.3

Laborers:171917........................................... 52 1,022

528.228 50.8

1921............................................. 32 48.2 .449 21.64 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................ 33 777 52.4 .428 22.43 108.7 95.3 103.71925..—...................................... 72 989 50.2 .425 21.34 104.1 94.7 98.61927............................................. 75 995 49.4 .439 21.69 102.5 97.8 100.21929............................................. 75 977 49.2 .456 22.44 102.1 101.6 103.71931................................... - ........ 77 703 49.7 .400 19.88 103.1 89.1 91.9

Cooks:1917............................................. 48 119 .269 55.61921............................................. 30 99 49.0 .484 23.72 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 33 139 52.2 .485 25.32 106.5 100.2 106.71925............................................. 65 168 50.8 .499 25.35 103.7 103.1 106.9

i* Includes cutters, choppers, grinders, mixers, curers, feeders, rockers, and spicers. i* Includes washers, turners, re-turners, measurers., cutters, tiers, and fatters.tf Includes roustabouts, ham cylinder washers, cleaners-up, ham pressers, hangers, cooks* helpers, smok

ers* helpers, and truckers of cages or bikes.



T a b l e 1 . - Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified yearsf 1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—Continued

SAUSAGE DEPARTMENT—Continued


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Index numbers 100.0)

(1921=


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedCooks—Continued.

1927............................................................1929............................................................1931,.........................................................

Smokers:1917............................................................1921............................................................1923............................................................1925............................................................1927............................................................1929............................................................1931............................................................

Inspectors, packers, scalers, shippers, nailers, and box makers:

1917............................................................1921.......................................................... .1923...........................................................1925...........................................................1927.......................................................... .1929.......................................................... .1931.................................. .........................

Utility men, assistant foremen, straw bosses, subforemen, handy men, small-order men, and allround men:

1917......................................................... .1921.......................................................... .1923..........................................................1925..........................................................1927..........................................................1929..........................................................1931..........................................................

Total, males:1917.........1921.........1923.........1925.........1927.........1929.........1931.........

Machine tenders:«1917....................1921___________1923___________1925___________1927....................1929....................1931....................

Casing workers:161917....................1921....................1923....................1925....................1927....................1929....................1931....................

58

1961922049073

114170165158160

376251328418405405313

1088271

166169219181

50.349.649.8

48.952.851.251.550.152.2

48.4 52.950.549.5 49.0 49.3

48.4 52.350.549.9 50.249.9

2,7711,8392,7913,3343,1763,2622,656

48.452.550.5 49.849.5 49.7

22324229

317142353

511

46.053.449.548.848.647.9

48.652.849.9 48.548.7 49.1

$0,494.515.468.281.528.529.517.532.540.493

.238

.466

.453

.454

.482

.485

.441

.290

.529

.581

.534

.539

.603

.542

$24.8525.5423.31

102.7101.2101.6

25.82 27.93 26.47 27.40 27.05 25.73

100.0108.0104.7 105.3 102.5106.7

.252

.478

.466

.474

.487

.507

.458

.177

.360

.330

.350

.338

.354

.175

.366

.341

.348

.358

.372

.320

22.55 23.96 22.93 23.86 23.77 21.74

25.6030.3926.9726.9030.2727.05

23.1424.4723.9424.2525.1022.76

16.5617.6217.3316.4917.2014.66

17.7918.0017.3717.3618.1215.71

100.0109.3104.3102.3 101.2 101.9

100.0108.1104.3103.1 103.7103.1

102.1106.496.753.2

100.0100.297.9100.8

102.393.4

51.1 100.097.297.4

103.4 104.194.6

54.8100.0109.8100.9101.9 114.0 102.5

100.0108.5104.3 102.9102.3 102.7

52.7 100.097.599.2

101.9106.195.8

100.0116.1107.6 106.1105.7 104.1

100.0108.6102.799.8100.2

101.0

49.2 100.091.797.2 93.998.385.047.8

100.093.295.197.8

101.687.4

104.8107.798.3

100.0108.2102.5106.1104.899.7

100.0106.3101.7105.8105.4 96.4

100.0118.7 105.4105.1118.2105.7

100.0105.7103.5104.8108.5 98.4

100.0106.4104.799.6

103.988.5

100.0101.297.697.6

101.988.3

» Includes cutters, choppers, grinders, mixers, curers, feeders, rockers, and spicers. M Includes washers, turners, re-turners, measurers, cutters, tiers, and fetters.


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 29T a b l e 1.—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedSAUSAGE DEPARTMENT—Continued


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week



week

AverAverage

age fullearn timeings earnper ings

hour perweek

FEMALES—continuedStaffers:

1917..........................................................1921..........................................................1923..........................................................1925.........................................................1927.........................................................1929....................... ..................................1931..........................................................

Linkers, twisters, tiers, and hangers:

1917..........................................................1921.........................................................1923.........................................................1925.........................................................1927..................................................... -1929.........................................................1931.........................................................

Ropers (wrappers and tiers):1917.........................................................1921............................................... ..........1923.........................................................1925.........................................................1927.........................................................1929.........................................................1931.........................................................

Cooks:1917.........................................................1921.........................................................1923.........................................................1925.........................................................1927.........................................................1929.........................................................1931.........................................................

Packers (including inspectors):1917.........................................................1921.........................................................1923.........................................................1925.............................................. ..........1927.........................................................1929.........................................................1931.......................................... ............ .

General workers:181917............................................ ............1921..................................................... ..1923........................................ ................1925............................................ ............1927............................................ ............1929.......................................... ..............1931..................................................... ..

Total, females:1917................................. ..........1921_______________________1923................ .......... .......... . . .

1925................ ................. ..........1927_______________________1929............................................1931............................................

719 379 821

1,105 1,175 1,170 1,100

137123253183221129118

233356

421

61654964254713410227617018624879

1,777 1,053 2,162 2,520 2,591 2,844 2,412

49.4 53.051.748.548.750.7

49.452.4 49.9 49.249.049.0

48.053.1 49.9 48.0 48.6 49.5

48.056.052.048.049.050.1

48.152.549.448.848.848.8

48.052.049.249.248.348.4

$0.191 .402 .405 .379 .439 .378 .361

.179

.378

.359

.372

.364

.377

.327

.163

.388

.364

.352

.343

.200

.325

.353.412

.375

.345

.281

.158

.329

.308

.319

.336

.342

.170

.339

.336

.351

.296

$19.8621.4719.5921.29 18.4118.30

18.67 18.81 18.56 17.91 18.47 16.02

18. (2 19. 33 17. 56 18.62 18.61 16.98

15. eo 19.77 21.42 18.00 16.91 14.08

15.82 16.17 15.76 16.40 16.69 14.59

16.2717.4716.1917.6616.9514.33

100.0107.3104.798.298.6

102.6

100.0106.1101.0

99.2

100.0110.6104.0100.0 101.3 103.1

100.0116.7108.3 100.0 102.1104.4

100.0109.1102.7101.5101.5101.5

100.0.108.3102.5102.5100.6 100.8

47.5100.0100.794.3

109.294.089.8

47.4 100.095.098.496.399.786.542.0

100.093.890.7

100.098.788.461.5

100.0 108.6 126.8115.4 106.286.548.0

100.093.697.0

102.1104.090.950.1

100.099.197.1

105.9103.5 87.3

48.7 52.649.848.9 48.8 49.0

.171

.346

.351

.319

17.6818.2017.4817.5617.8615.63

100.0108.0102.3100.4 100.2 100.6

47.1 100.0 95.3 96.798.9

100.887.9

100.0108.198.6

107.292.7 92.1

100.0100.799.495.998.9 85.8

100.0103.894.3

100.099.991.2

100.0126.7137.3115.4108.4 90.3

100.0102.299.6

103.7105.592.2

100.0107.499.5

108.5 104.288.1

100.0102.998.999.3

101.088.4

18 Includes laborers, box makers, and utility women.148227°—33------3



T a b l e 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1981, department, sea?, and occupation—Continued

CURED-MEAT DEPARTMENT

Aver

Index numbers (1921*=- 100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

MALESGraders:»

1917........................................................... 47 509 $0,275.487

56.51921............................................................ 32 372 47.0 $22.89

25.52100.0 100.0 100.0

1923............................................................ 35 569 52.5 .486 111.7 99 .8 111.5109.91925............................................................ 66 736 50.8 .495 25.15 108.1 101.7

1927.......................................................... 68 621 49.949.649.3

.507 25.30 25.35

106.2105.5

104.1104.9

110.5110.799 .3

1929............................................................ 78 720 .5111931............................................................ 76 694 .461 22.73 104.9 94.7

Laborers:201917............................................................ 57 2,497

1,506.236 52.7

1921........................... ............................ 33 48.551.7

.448

.42621.7322.02

100.0106.6

100.095.1

100.0101.31923....................................................... - 36 2,037

2,322 2, 244 1 2,712 1,791

1 705

1925...................................... ................... .. 78 50.4 .437 22.02 103.9 97.5 101.31927.................................... .......... ............. 76 i 49.1 .438 21.51 101.2 97.8 99 .01929.......................................... ................. 80 49.7 .442 21.97

19.89102.5102.3

98.7 101.19 1 .51931.................................... ....................... 80 49.6 .401 89.5

Packers:211917................................................... ........

i55 1 .258 55.4

1921...................................... ..................... 31 1I 484 48.8 .465 22.69 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................. ..... 36 810 52.3 .460 24.06 107.2 98.9 106.01925.................................. 70 .988 50.2 .467 23.44 102.9 100.4 103.31927........................................................ ' 76 1,0861,263995

49.950.1

.477 23.8023.90

102.3 102.6 104.91929.................................. 77 .477 102.7 102.6 105.31931.................................. 73 49.2 .428.265

21.06 100.8 92.055.0

92.8Overhaulers:

1917........................................................- 45 4651921..........................................__ 29 370 48.4 .482 23.33 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 35 578 52.9 .481 25.44 109.3 99.8 109.01925............................................. 70 744 50.8 .487 24.74

24.29105.0 101.0 10.60

1927............................................. 71 656 50.3 .483 103.9 100.2 104.11929......................................... 76 620 49.6 .498 24.70 102.5 103.3 105.41931............................................ 76 636 49.1 .439 21.55 101.4 91.1 92.9

Picklers: 2*1917........................................................— 55 419 .274 56.51921.................... ....................... 32 270 48.5 .485 23.52 100.0 100.0 100.01923.................... - ...................... 37 428 52.7 .487 25.66 108.7 100.4 109.11925............................................. 77 560 51.2 .496 25.40 105.6 102.3 108.01927 ..................................................... 77 480 49.9 .497 24.80 102.9 102.5 105.41929......................................... 81 477 50.0 .506 25.30 103.1 104.3 107.61931_______________ ________ 84 515 49.4 .452 22.33 101.9 93.2 94.9

Rubbers, salters, and pilers:1917............................................................ 48 613 .258 55.01921............................................. 32 374 "48.7’ .469 22.84 100.0 100.0 100.91923............................................. 32 444 51.4 .465 23.90 105.6 99.1 104.71925............................................. 63 412 50.5 .479 24.19 103.7 102.1 105.01927...................................... ..................... 63 358 49.7 .486 24.15 102.1 103.9 105.71929........................................... - 56 408 49.2 .483 23.76 101.0 103.0 104.01931............................................. 61 327 49.1 .434 21.31 100.8 92.5 93.3

Smokers:1917............................................................ 47 84 .259 54.41921............................................. 25 61 54.5 .476 25.94 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 27 70 57.0 .479 27.30 104.6 100.6 105.21925............................................. 70 146 56.8 .486 27.60 104.2 102.1 106.41927............................................................ 69 134 56.0 .504 28.22 102.8 105.9 108.81929........................... ................. 72 168 51.6 i .518 26.73 94.7 108.8 103.01931............................................. 73 165 56.2 1 .464 26.08 103.1 97.5 100.5

i® Includes sorters, sizers, average men, spotters, inspectors, and chute men.20 Includes ham and meat passers; ham stringers; haulers to vats; meat carriers; hangers; scrapers; soakers;

tossers; washers and wipers; roustabouts; sack sewers; tiers; truck washers; vat washers; helpers of graders, inspectors, pickle makers, pumpers, smokers, and sorters.

31 Includes packers of beef, barrel pork, bellies, briskets, pig rinds, and smoked meats; dippers, vatmen, sweet-pickle packers, burlap sackers, wrappers, nailers, car loaders, and car stowers.

>* Includes pickle men, pickle makers, pumpers, and curers.



1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedCURED-MEAT DEPARTMENT—Continued


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Index numbers (1921*100.0)


week

AverAverage

age fullearn timeings earnper ings

hour perweek

males—continuedButchers, trimmers, and knife men

1917...........................................1921............................................1923............................................1925...........................................1927............................................1929............................................

Truckers:1917...........................................1921...........................................1923...........................................1925..........i ...............................1927...........................................1929...........................................1931.................................. ........

Utility men, assistant butchers, straw bosses, assistant foremen, and small-order men:

1917...........................................1921...........................................1923...........................................1925...........................................1927...........................................1929..........................................1931...........................................

Total, males:1917..........1921.........1923..........1925..........1927..........1929..........1931..........

FEMALES

Miscellaneous workers: 231917..............................1921..............................1923..............................1925..............................1927..............................1929..............................1931..............................

5026 I3358697271

231182183305321347330

1,003726

1,454 883 875 976 871

415171216367409507

6,941 4,516 6,794 7,463 7,184 8,198

286218281647

519

48.452.450.649.350.649.4

48.252.150.4 49.6 50.049.5

48.052.051.450.650.649.4

48.4 52.150.749.849.949.5

48.4 51.7 49.650.049.449.0

>.272.537.510.517.526.516.459.246.449.431.430.440.440.397

.287

.519

.527

.538

.542

.573

.530

$25.99 26.72 26.16 25.93 26.11 22.67

100.0108.3104.5 101.9104.5 102.1

21.64 22.46 21.67 21.82 22.0019.65

100.0108.1104.6 102.9103.7102.7

24.9127.4027.6527.4328.9926.18

.253

.467

.454

.467

.472

.477

.432

22.60 23.65 23.68 23.51 23.80 21.38

.172

.325

.319

.335

.339

.352

.304

15.73 16.49 16.62 16.95 17.71 14.98

100.0108.3 107.1105.4105.4 102.9

50.7 100.095.096.398.096.1 85.554.8 100.096.095.898.098.088.4

55.3100.0101.5103.7104.4110.4 102.1

100.0 107.6104.8102.9 103.1 102.3

54.2 100.097.2 100.0

101.1 102.192.5

100.0108.8102.5103.3102.1101.2

52.9100.098.2

103.1104.3108.3 93.5

100.0102.8100.799.8

100.587.2

100.0103.8 100.1100.8 101.790.8

100.0110.0111.0110.1116.4105.1

100.0104.6104.8104.0105.394.6

100.0104.8105.7107.8 112.694.7

CANNING DEPARTMENT

MALESCooks:

1917............................................. 11 42 fO. 255 .476

53.61921............................................. 8 14 48.3 $22.99 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 6 31 53.4 .477 25.47 110.6 100.2 110.81925............................................. 9 20 49.2 .449 22.09 101.9 94.3 96.11927............................................. 12 26 47.5 .488 23.18 98.3 102.5 100.81929............................................. 15 62 48.4 .512 24.78 100.2 107.6 107.81931............................................. 13 26 47.8 .461 22.04 99.0 96.8 95.9

23 Includes wrappers, labelers, laborers, packers, sewers (hand or machine), bag makers, weighers, tiers, wipers, baggers, and trimmers.



Table 1.— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1981, &?/ department, sex, and occupation—Continued

CANNING DEPARTMENT-Continued

1

Aver



Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedSteam tenders, process men, and

retort men:1917............................................. 11 50 $0,256

.48552.8

1921.............................. .............. 4 7 47.4 $22.99 24.87

100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 6 33 53.6 .464 113.1 95.7 108.21925............................................. 9 25 48.5 .468 22.70 102.3 96.5 98.71927........................1................... 10 37 48.6 .477 23.18 102.5 98.4 100.81929............................................. 7 15 48.4 .479 23.18 102.1 98.8 100.81931............................................ 13 26 48.7 .455 22.16 102.7 93.8 96.4

Passers and pilers, cans:1917............................................. 7 68 .229 50.91921............................................. 1 1 48.0 .450 21.60 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 5 133 53.9 .442 23.82 112.3 • 98.2 110.31925............................................. 8 40 47.5 .467 22.18 99.0 103.8 102.71927............................................ 4 10 48.0 .391 18.77 100.0 86.9 86.91929............................................. 7 30 48.4 .471 22.80 100.8 104.7 105.61931.................... ...... ................ . 6 19 48.6 .425 20.64 101.3 94.4 95.6

Trimmers, meat (by hand):1917............................................. 4 43 .246 55.71921............................................. 8 15 47.8 .442 21.13 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................ 4 28 50.6 .458 23.17 105.9 103.6 109.71925............................................. 5 8 49.1 .462 22.68 102.7 104.5 107.31927............................................. 4 7 50.6 .445 22.52 105.9 100.7 106.61929............................................. 6 16 49.7 .500 24.85 104.0 113.1 117.61931............................................. 4 18 49.0 .452 22.15 102.5 102.3 104.8

Machine tenders (preparing and stuffing meat into cans):

1917............................................. 11 99 .247 51.21921............................................. 9 35 48.1 .482 23.18 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 16 79 53.1 .467 24.80 110.4 96.9 107.01925............................................. 27 112 49.2 .476 23.42 102.3 98.7 101.01927............................................. 39 137 49.0 .493 24.16 101.9 102.3 104.21929............................................. 52 200 49.0 .502 24.60 101.9 104.1 106.11931............................................. 55 169 49.6 .430 21.33 103.1 89.2 92.0

Stuffers (meat into cans by hand): 1917............................................. 6 100 .237 51.41921............................................. 3 6 48.0 .461 22.13 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 6 42 53.9 .446 24.04 112.3 96.7 108.61925............................................. 7 19 50.2 .473 23.74 104.6 102.6 107.31927............................................. 8 24 50.3 .460 23.14 104.8 99.8 104.61929............................................. 8 14 51.0 .450 22.95 106.3 97.6 103.71931............................................. 13 37 49.9 .449 22.41 104.0 97.4 101.3

Packers and nailers:1917............................................. 9 190 .244 52.51921............................................. 8 33 47.6 .465 22.13 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 11 92 53.2 .431 22.93 111.8 92.7 103.61925............................................. 13 74 48.7 .467 22.74 102.3 100.4 102.81927............................................. 15 83 48.3 .442 21.35 101.5 95.1 96.51929............................................. 23 132 48.8 .461 22.50 102.5 99.1 101.71931............................................. 24 141 49.4 .426 21.04 103.8 91.6 95.1

Cappers:1917............................................. 12 177 .255 53.51921............................................. 11 33 47.5 .477 22.66 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 8 44 52.6 .467 24.56 110.7 97.9 108.41925............................................. 16 69 49.7 .466 23.16 104.6 97.7 102.21627............................................. 15 58 47.6 .461 21.94 100.2 96.6 96.81929............................................. 16 68 49.0 .484 23.72 103.2 101.5 104.71931............................................. 17 84 49.1 .444 21.80 103.4 93.1 96.2

Machine tenders, washing and painting:

1917............................................. 5 9 .268 60.61921............................................. 5 7 47.6 .442 21.04 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 2 6 54.0 .447 24.14 113.4 101.0 114.71925............................................. 5 15 48.4 .417 20.18 101.7 94.3 95.91927............................................. 3 7 47.6 .488 23.23 100.0 110.4 110.41929............................................. 2 2 46.5 .456 21.20 97.7 103.2 100.81931............................................. 3 7 46.3 .423 19.58 97.3 95.7 93.1


WAGES AND HOURS OP LABOR, 1931 33T a b l e 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedCANNING DEPARTMENT—Continued

Aver Aver

i ' Index numbers (1921=*

100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

agefulltimehoursper

week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedGeneral workers:

1917............................................................ 8 411 $0,238.510

46.71921............................. .............. 7 59 46 .0 $23.46

25.95100.0 100.0 100.0

110.61923............................................................ 8 60 53.5 .485 116.3 95.11925........................................................... 9 38 47.7 .547 26.09 103.7 107.3 111.21927............................................................ 19 96 47.6 .505 24.04 103.5 99 .0 102.51929............................................................ 19 130 46.8 .522 24.43 101.7 102.4 104.11931............................................................ 22 74 48.8 .502 24.50 106.1 98 .4 104.4

Inspectors:1917............................................................ 10 257 .260 53.51921........................................................... f 29 47.6 .486 23.13 100.0 100.0 100.01923.......................................... ................. 6 128 54.0 .474 25.60 113.4 97.5 110.71925............................................................ 8 63 47 .2 .491 23.18 9 9 .2 101.0 100.21927............................................... ............. 7 29 48 .2 .495 23.86 101.3 101.9 103.21929........................................................... 9 42 49.1 .500 24.55 103.2 102.9 106.11931............................................................ 9 44 47.9 .477 22.85 100.6 98 .1 98 .8

Truckers and forkers:1917........................................... .............. 9 154 .231 51.31921_.......................................................... 12 70 47.3~ .450 21.29 100.0 100.0 100.01923.......................................... ................. 14 426 53.4 .431 23.02 112.9 95.8 110.71925................................................... 13 238 47.6 .447 21.28 100.6 99.5 100.01927............................................................ 17 115 47.8 .438 20.94 101.1 97.3 98.41929................ ......................... _............. 16 291 48.2 .465 22.41 101.9 103.3 105.31931............................................................ 19 128 47.6 .410 19.52 100.6 91.1 91.7

Laborers:1917.......................................................... 9 1,530

97.229 51.7

1921....................................................... 13 45.6 .443 20.20 100.0 100.0 100.0118.01923......................................... ............. 9 226 53.7 .444 23.84 117.8 100.2

1925...................................... ................... 13 196 49.6 .443 21.97 108.8 100.0 108.81927............................................................ 22 398 48.1 .442 21.26 105.5 99 .8 105.2

107.996.7

1929................................................. 27 376 48.1 .453 21.79 105.5 102.31931................................................... 27 166 49.1 .398 19.54 107.7 8 9.8

Total, males:1 9 1 7 .. . ........................................ 14 3,130

406.237 50.7

1921...................................... .. 17 47.4 .467 22.14 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................ 20 1,328

91753.3 .448 23.88 112.4 95.9 107.9

101.41925............................................ 34 48.6 .462 22.45 102.5 98.91927............................... .... 44 1,027

1,378939

48.2 .460 22.17 101.7 98. 5 100.1104.31929............................................ 57 48.3 .478 23.09 101.9 102.4

1931.............. ......................... 62 48.9 .433 21.17 103.2 92 .7 95.6

FEMALESWashers of empty cans:

1917............................................................ 5 38 .182 62.81921....................................................... 4 11 48 .0 .290 13.92 100.0

112.5104.2

100.0107.9116.6

48 .4

100.0121.4121.4

1923.......................................... 5 24 54.0 .313 16.901925............................................................ 2 9 50.0 .338 16.90

Passers and pilers, cans:1917............................................................ 9 219 .1551921....................................................... 3 12 48.0 .320 15.36 155.0

112.796.5

100.0

100.0114.7104.7 121.6113.4102.8

51.7100.0108.0116.5112.5 119.993.6

100.0129.2101.0121.6114.4100.5

1923..................................................... 5 135 54.1 .367 19.851925................................................... 5 90 46.3 .335 15.511927............................................................ 4 20 48.0 .389 18.671929....................................................... 3 30 48.4 .363 17.57 100.8

97.71931....................................................... 6 32 46.9 .329 15.43Trimmers, meat (by hand):

1917............................................................ 7 244 .1691921.......................................................... 5 45 48.4 .327 15.83

18.7818.0217.7418.5015.12

100.0109.997.79 9.697.5

102.1

100.0118.6113.8 112.1116.9 95.5

1923......................................................... 5 115 53.2 .3531925......................................................... 6 61 47.3 .3811927.......................................................... 5 64 48.2 .3681929_______________________________ 5 41 47.2 .3921931________________________________ 8 126 49.4 .306

24 Includes clean-up men, cooler men, shovers, roustabouts, washing-machine helpers, and cooks’ helpers.



T able 1.— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 193l f by department, sex, and occupation—Continued


Aver



Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

females—continuedMachine tenders (preparing and

stuffing meat into cans):1917............................................. 6 19 $0.167

.35447.2

1921............................................. 6 30 47.3 $16.74 16.42

100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 8 25 52.3 .314 110.6 88.7 98.11925............................................. 10 62 46.5 .355 16.51 98.3 100.3 98.61927............................................. 17 49 48.4 .369 17.86 102.3 104.2 106.71929............................................. 17 63 49.0 .360 17.64 103.6 101.7 105.41931......................................... 21 75 47.5 .325 15.44 100.4 91.8 92.2

Staffers (meat into cans, by hand): 1917.......................................... 7 283 .168 43.61921............................................. 6 28 48.3 .385 18.60 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 3 91 54.0 .347 18.74 111.8 90.1 100.81926............................................. 6 62 51.2 .311 15.92 106.0 80.8 85.61927............................................. 5 55 46.6 .348 16.22 96.5 90.4 87.21929............................................. 7 53 47.3 .375 17.74 97.9 97.4 95.41931............................................. 8 101 49.2 .316 15.55 101.9 82.1 83.6

Packers (sliced bacon and chipped dried beef in cans, glass jars, or cartons, by hand):

1917............................................. 9 233 .168 49.91921........................................... 13 202 47.0 .337 15.84 100.0 100.0 100.01923................................. .......... 15 228 51.8 .352 18.23 110.2 104.5 115.11925............................................. 31 387 49.3 .337 16.61 104.9 100.0 104.91927............................................. 43 849 49.3 .351 17.30 104.9 104.2 109.21929............................................. 60 1,341

1,286141

48.8 .354 17.28 103.8 105.0 109.11931............................................. 66 48.9 .325 15.89 104.0 96.4 100.3

Weighers (filled cans):1917............................................. 9 .170 49.71921............................................. 9 33 47.6 .342 16.28 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 4 68 53.6 .364 19.51 112.6 106.4 119.81925............................................. 17 101 47.8 .358 17.11 100.4 104.7 105.11927............................................. 12 33 49.9 .332 16.57 104.8 97.1 101.81929........................................... 29 135 48.9 .358 17.51 102.7 104.7 107.6

94.91931............................................. 42 238 49.2 .314 15.45 103.4 91.8Wipers (filled cans):

1917............................................. 4 88 .161 42.91921............................................. 2 2 48.0 .375 18.00 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 4 54 54.1 .309 16.72 112.7 82.4 92.91925............................................. 4 11 47.2 .301 14.21 98.3 80.3 78.91927............................................. 3 7 48.0 .302 14.50 100.0 80.5 80.61929............................................. 4 4 49.5 .349 17.28 103.1 93.1 96.01931............................................. 4 11 49.1 .362 17.77 102.3 96.5 9& 7

Cap setters:1917............................................. 5 44 .162 53.11921............................................. 3 5 48.0 .305 14.64 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 2 3 56.0 .283 15.85 116.7 92.8 108.31925............................................. 4 7 48.9 .311 15.21 101.9 102.0 103.9

Cappers:1917............................................. 5 142 .172 46.91921............................................. 5 18 ” "47.3" .367 17.36 100.0 100.0 loofo1923............................................. 4 45 53.7 .365 19.60 113.5 99.5 112.91925............................................. 6 41 46.3 .350 16.21 97.9 95.4 93.41927............................................. 9 23 47.7 .365 17.41 100.8 99.5 100.31929............................................. 7 28 48.0 .325 15.60 101.5 88.6 89.91931............................................ 5 8 49.5 .339 16.78 104.7 92.4 96.7

Labelers and wrappers:1917................. — ..................... 10 457 .200 53.21921............................................. 12 68 47.9 .376 18.01 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 12 237 53.1 .372 19.75 110.9 98.9 109.71925............................................. 13 145 47.9 .386 18.49 100.0 102.7 102.71927............................................. 14 134 46.3 .385 17.83 96.7 102.4 99.01929............................................. 25 163 48.0 .381 18.29 100.2 101.3 101.61931....... ..................................... 30 162 48.5 .309 14.99 10L3 82.2 83.2


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 35T able 1.— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1931, by department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedCANNING DEPARTMENT—Continued

Aver



Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

agefulltimehoursper

week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

■ females—continuedGeneral workers:25

1917............................................. 10 628 $0,164.346

47.41921........................................... - 10 112 46.7 $16.16 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 13 227 53.9 .315 16.98 115.4 91.1 105.11925—.......................................... 8 62 48.0 .369 17.71 102.8 106.7 109.61927............................................. 18 262 47.7 .350 16.70 102.1 101.2 103.31929............................................. 27 308 47.1 .374 17.62 100.9 108.1 109.01931— ........................................ 29 102 48.9 .342 16.72 104.7 98.8 103.5

Total, females:1917................................... 12 2,536

566 i.173 50.0

1921................................... 18 47.3 .346 16.37 100.0 100.0 100.01923................................... 18 1,252

1,0381,4962,1662,141

53.3 .349 18.60 112.7 100.9 113.61925___L........................... 32 47.3 .349 16.51 100.0 100.9 100.91927................................... 43 48.6 .355 17.25 102.7 102.6 105.41929................................... 63 48.4 .360 17.42 102.3 104.0 106.41931................................... 70 48.9 .322 15.75 103.4 93.1 96.2

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR DEPARTMENT

MALES

Blacksmiths:1917............................................. 55 161 $0,355

.64055.5

1921.... „......... ............................ 31 78 48.7 $31.17 100.0 100.0 100.0103.51923............................................. 35 101 50.0 .645 32.25 102.7 100.8

1925............................................. 71 134 49.5 .678 33.56 101.6 105.9 107.71927............................................. 70 127 49.3 .665 32.78 101.2 103.9 105.21929............................................. 68 121 49.4 .667 33.44 101.4 104.2 107.31931............................................. 70 106 49.0 .606 29.69 100.6 94.7 95.3

Boilermakers:1917 _ ............................ ...... 16 125 .336 49.91921...................... ...................... 13 44 48.0 .673 32.30 100.0 100.0 I55.01923............................................. 13 91 51.4 .733 37.68 107.1 108.9 116.71925............................................. 22 102 47.7 .745 35.54 99.4 110.7 110.01927............................................. 23 106 48.3 .705 34.05 100.6 104.8 105.41929............................................. 24 95 48.5 .779 37.78 101.0 115.8 117.01931............................................. 19 44 48.5 .647 31.38 101.0 96.1 97.2

Bricklayers and masons:1917 ........................................ 40 115 .683 63.71921............................................. 25 50 48.7 1.072 52.21 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 28 61 50.9 1.121 57.06 104.5 104.6 109.31925............................................. 36 103 46.5 1.244 57.85 95.5 116.0 110.81927............................................. 44 92 48.5 1.274 61.79 99.6 118.8 118.31929 ........................................... 40 95 48.8 1.322 64.51 100.2 123.3 123.61931............................................. 43 91 47.7 1.197 57.10 97.9 111.7 109.4

Carpenters:1917............................................. 62 1,345

600.341 53.3

1921............................................. 33 48.5 .640 31.04 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 37 693 50.4 .617 31.10 103.9 96.4 100.21925............................................. 81 914 48.5 .643 31.19 100.0 100.5 100.51927............................................. 76 941 48.7 .662 32.24 100.4 103.4 103.91929............................................. 82 1,004

67048.9 .671 32.81 100.8 104.8 105.7

1931.......... .............................. 80 48.6 .607 29.50 100.2 94.8 95.0Coopers (repairers):

1917............................................. 60 642 .324 56.41921............................................. 32 483 48.2" .574 27.67 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 36 483 51.8 .592 30.67 107.5 103.1 110.81925_________________________ 76 549 50.3 .587 29.53 104.4 102.3 106.71927_________________________ 74 529 49.4 .593 29.29 102.5 103.3 105.91929_________________________ 74 494 49.6 .623 30.90 102.9 108.5 111.71931______________________ — 80 524 49.0 .551 27.00 101.7 96.0 97.6*s Includes cooks, inspectors, and laborers.



T a b l e 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1931, by department, sex, and occupation

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR DEPARTMENT-Continued

Aver AverIndex numbers (1921=

100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

agefulltimehoursper

week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedElectrical workers:

1917..........................................- 56 288 $0,343.652

52.61921............................................. 31 218 4874” $31.56

32.55100.0 100.0 100.0

103.1131.7100.3100.994.6

1923............................................. 35 277 50.7 .642 104.8 98.51925............................................. 73 323 49.3 .643 41.56 101.9 129.3

99.11927............................................ 72 334 49.0 .646 31.65 101.21929.............................. .............. 78 374 49.0 .650 31.85 101.2 99.71931............................................. 76 287 48.8 .612 29.87 100.8 93.9

51.7Laborers:

1917............................................. 65 4,584 .2321921............................................. 33 908 48.7 .449 21.87 100.0 100.0 100.0

102.399.599.199.489.9

1923........................................... 37 1,149 1,748

51.3 .436 22.37 105.3 97.11925............... ........... .................. 81 49.7 .438 21.77 102.1 97.61927............................................. 80 2,216

2,0071,341

415

49.6 .437 21.68 101.8 97.398.289.8

1929......................................... — 84 49.3 .441 21.74 101.2100.21931......................... ................... 72 48.8 .403 19.67

Machinists:1917............................................. 58 .366 54.91921.................................... ........ 33 270 48.1 .667 32.08 100.0 100.0 100.0

106.5104.0104.1 105.997.0

1923............................................. 35 290 50.3 .679 34.15 104.6 101.81925__________ ______________ 70 341 49.2 .678 33.36 102.3 101.61927............... ............................ 67 411 48.6 .687 33.39 101.0 103.01929................................—......... 69 351 48.8 .696 33.96 101.5 104.31931............................................ 65 273 48.8 .638 31.13 101.5 95.7

51.4Machine hands:

1917............................................. 13 102 .2921921.............................. .............. 13 117 48.0 .568 27.26 166.0 100.0 100.01923...................... - ........... ......... 12 77 51.5 .642 33.06 107.3 113.0 121.3

116.0105.8122.1101.0

1925......................... ................... 21 105 47.7 .663 31.63 99.4 116.71927............................................ 22 78 48.4 .596 28.85 100.8 104.91929............................................. 19 99 48.1 .692 33.29 100.2 121.81931............................................. 19 48 48.3 .570 27.53 100.6 100.4

Millwrights:1917............................................. 34 304 .353 56.51921......................... .............. — 29 288 46.6 .625 29.13 100.0 100.0 100.0

109.91923.................... - ..................... 33 390 50.5 .634 32.02 108.4 101.41925............................................ 56 410 49.2 .647 31.83 105.6 103.5 109.3

107.0 110 8

1927.................... ........................ 60 453 48.7 .640 31.17 104.5 102.41929............................................. 68 479 49.0 .659 32.29 105.2 105.41931............................................. 71 429 48.5 .601 29.15 104.1 96.2 100.1

Painters:1917............................................. 48 294 .297 55.31921............................................. 29 138 48.7 .537 26.15 100.0 100.0 100.0

106.51923............................................ 32 140 51.0 .546 27.85 104.7 101.71925............................................. 60 200 49.1 .541 26.56 100.8 100.7 101.61927...................................... ...... 62 258 49.0 .551 27.00 100.6 102.6 103.31929............................................. 65 234 48.8 .566 27.62 100.2 105.4 105.6

96.11931................. .......................... 63 184 48.9 .514 25.13 100.4 95.7Plumbers and pipe fitters:

1917............................................. 56 473 .352 53.71921............................................. 34 291 48.4 .655 31.70 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 37 380 51.5 .655 33.73 106.4 100.0 106.41925............................................. 77 460 49.5 .643 31.83 102.3 98.2 100.4

100.01927............................................. 74 476 48.9 .648 31.69 101.0 98.91929............................................. 80 482 49.1 .650 31.92 101.4 99.2 100.7

92.61931............................................. 76 395 48.9 .600 29.34 101.0 91.6Repairs: 2«

1917............................................ 55 796 .313 51.21921................. ...... .............. .. 31 446 48.7 .611 29.76 100.0 100.0 100.0

102.51923............................................. 31 440 51.7 .590 30.50 106.2 96.61925............................................. 68 575 48.7 .642 31.27 100.0 105.1 105.11927............................................. 71 675 48.9 .643 31.44 100.4 105.2 105.61929............................................. 71 615 49.0 .653 32.00 100.6 106.9 107.51931............................................. 64 411 48.5 1 .585 28.37 99.6 95.7 95.3

* Includes belt men, box and brush repairers, brush makers, calkers, door canvassers, harness makers, plasterers, plugmen, pump repairers, rope repairers, saw filers, tool grinders, truckmen, upholsterers, welders, wheelmen, and wheelwrights.


WAGES AND HOURS OP LABOR, 1931 37T a b l e 1.—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1981, by-department, sex, and occupation—ContinuedMAINTENANCE AND REPAIR DEPARTMENT-Continued


week


100.0)

6ex, occupation, and year

Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedTinners and galvanizers:

1917............................................. 43 299 $0,327.608

53.81921..........................................- 30 182 48.4 $29.43"

32.6415576" 100.0 " ‘ ""10076

110.91923............................................. 33 205 51.0 .640 105.4 105.31925............................................. 55 216 48.7 .666 32.43 100.6 109.5 110.21927..........................................- 55 258 48.5 .660 32.01 100.2 108.6 108.81929........................................... . 60 212 48.8 .662 32.31 100.8 108.9 109.81931............................................. 57 167 48.7 .571 27.81 100.6 93.9 94.5

Other skilled occupations:271917........................................... - 31 86 .291 51.61921............................................. 30 453 48.4 .564 27.30 100.0 100.0 100.0

104.7102.9

1923........................................... . 35 626 51.5 .555 28.58 106.4 98.41925........................................... . 67 801 49.0 .573 28.08 101.2 101.61927............................................. 72 862 49.4 .571 28.21 102.1 101.2 103.31929............................................. 74 969 49.2 .586 28.83 101.7 103.9 105.6

96.31931........................................... . 73 654 48.5 .542 26.29 100.2 96.1Blacksmiths’ helpers:

1917............................................. 39 126 .251 50.11921............................................. 27 57 48.5 .501 24.30 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 30 78 50.9 .484 24.64 104.9 96.6 101.4

100.2101.2103.886.5

1925............................................. 47 91 49.1 .496 24.35 101.2 99.01927............................................. 41 76 48.6 .506 24.59 100.2 101.01929............................................. 43 82 48.7 .518 25.23 100.4 103.41931............................................ 32 41 48.4 .434 21.01 99.8 86.6

Boilermakers’ helpers:1917..........................................- 11 114 .247 51.51921............................................. 8 23 48.0 .480 23.04 100.0 100.0 100.0

101.697.3

1923........................................... 9 60 51.2 .457 23.40 106.7 95.21925................................... ......... 18 80 48.0 .467 22.42 100.0 97.31927.............................— ........... 14 45 48.3 .494 23.86 100.6 102.9 103.6

106.7 92.8

1929............................................. 17 54 48.6 .506 24.59 101.3 105.41931........................................... 8 20 48.6 .440 21.38 101.3 91.7

Carpenters’ helpers:1917........................................... . 26 193 .309 66.31921.......................................... . 21 162 48.4 .466 22.55 100.0 100.0 100.0

96.51923........................................... . 22 180 49.8 .437 21.76 102.9 93.81925........................................... 38 166 49.3 .446 21.99 101.9 95.7 97.5

98.81927..........................................- 39 130 49.3 .452 22.28 101.9 97.01929...................................... ...... 39 163 48.8 .466 22.74 100.8 100.0 100.81931............................................. 31 156 48.5 .417 20.22 100.2 89.5 89.7

Electrical workers’ helpers:1917............................................. 36 96 .241 50.11921............................................. 21 54 49.0 .481 23.57 100.0 100.0 155.5

105.0101.0 98.6

1923............................................. 28 93 51.0 .485 24.74 104.1 100.81925............................................. 35 101 49.5 .481 23.81 101.0 100.01927......................................... - 42 99 48.9 .476 23.23 99.8 99.01929.............................................1931.............................................

4243

9678

48.749.1

.485

.44723.6221.95

99.4100.2

100.892.9

100.293.1

Machinists’ helpers:1917............................................. 37 112 .256 53.31921......................................... . 21 79 48.3 .480 23.18 100.0 100.0 100.0

102.2103.4

1923........................................... 24 114 50.0 .474 23.70 103.5 98.81925............................................. 40 118 49.5 .484 23.96 102.5 100.81927............................................. 43 116 48.8 .490 23.91 101.0 102.1 103.1

103.491.0

1929............................................. 39 111 48.4 .495 23.96 100.2 103.11931............................................

Millwrights’ helpers:1917.............................................

3420

68101

48.4 .436.248

21.10 100.2 90.851.8

1921............................................. 21 80 48.3 .479 23.14 100.0 100.0 100.0 102.6 104.0 98.3

102.7 92. k

1923........................................... 26 158 49.8 .477 23.75 103.1 99.61925............................................. 35 131 49.2 .489 24.06 101.9 102.11927............................................. 36 108 48.6 .468 22.74 100.6 97.71929............................................. 45 135 49.1 .484 23.76 101.7 101.01931_________________________ 36 86 | 49.1 .436 21.41 101.7 91.0

» Includes assistant foremen, boiler washers, cranemen, molders, oilers, pipe coverers, roofers, steel men, stencil cutters, utility and general workers.



T able 1.—Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years, 1917 to 1981, by department, sea;, and occupation— Continued

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR DEPARTMENT—Continued


100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

i


week

i

Average

earningsper

hour

agefuU-timeearningsper

week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

males—continuedPlumbers’ and pipe-fitters’ helpers:

1917............... ............................ 48 431 $0.246 .472

52.11921................................... ......... 29 234 48.6 $22.94

23.66100.0 100.0 100.0

1923............................................. 35 317 51.1 .463 105.1 98.1 103.11925............................................. 66 380 48.3 .471 22.75 99.4 99.8 99.21927............................................. 56 300 48.9 .472 23.08 100.6 100.0 100.61929............................................. 66 306 48.6 .477 23.18 100.0 101.1 101.01931............... ............................. 53 199 48.7 .434 21.14 100.2 91.9 92.2

Repairers’ helpers:1917............ ................................ 21 67 .241 49.11921............................................. 27 139 49.7 .491 24.40 100.0 100.0 100.01923.............................—............ 22 175 50.4 .461 23.23 101.4 93.9 95.21925............................................. 56 294 49.2 .453 22.29 99.0 92.3 91.41927............................................. 36 89 48.8 .484 23. 62 98.2 98.6 96.81929............................................. 39 119 48.9 .471 23.03 98.4 95.9 94.41931.......... .................................. 34 86 49.1 .430 21.11 98.8 87.6 86.5

Tinners’ helpers:1917............................................. 33 118 .244 52.01921...................... .........- ........— 17 61 48.0 .469 22.51” 166.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 30 85 50.5 .445 22 47 105.2 94.9 99.81925......................... - .................. 31 103 48.6 .460 22. 36 101.3 98.1 99.31927............................................. 31 88 48.5 .471 22.84 101.0 100.4 101.51929______________________ — 41 90 48.7 .471 22.94 101.5 100.4 101.91931......................... .................. 32 56 48.7 .427 20.79 101.5 91.0 92.4

Total, males:1917................................... 66 11,387 .289 51.01921................................... 34 5,455

6,66348.4 .567 27.44 100.0 100.0 100.0

1923................................... 38 51.0 .560 28.56 105.4 98.8 104.11925................................... 36 8,445

8, 867 8,787 6,414

49.1 .568 27.89 101.4 100.2 101.61927................................... 86 49.1 .571 28.04 101.4 100.7 102.21929................................... 90 49.0 .583 28.57 101.2 102.8 104.11931_______ ___________ | 89 48.7 .535 26.05 100.6 94.4 1 94.9I

MISCELLANEOUS WAGE EARNERS, ALL DEPARTMENTS

MALES

Branders, markers, stampers, stencilers, and taggers:

1917................................................... —1921.........................................................1923— 1...................................................1925.........................................................1927.........................................................1929.........................................................1931............................... .........................

Scalers and weighers:1917.........................................................1921.........................................................1923.........................................................1925.........................................................1927.........................................................1929..........................................................1931..........................................................

Door men:1925..........................................................1927..........................................................1929..........................................................1931......................................................

57 492 $0.241 52.933 379 48.2 .456 $21.98 100.0 100.0 100.036 550 51.2 .435 22.27 106 2 95.4 101.373 590 50.0 .449 22.45 103.8 98.5 102.172 521 ! 49.3 .450 22.19 102.3 98.7 101.074 487 I: 48.8 .472 23.03 101.2 103.5 104.875 528 49.1 .415 20.38 101.9 91.0 92.7

60 906 .266 52.232 395 “ i & y .510 24.84 100.0 100.0 100.038 707 52.7 .484 25. 51 108.2 94.9 102.775 901 51.1 .505 25.81 104.9 99.0 103.976 757 49.9 .512 25. 55 102.5 100.4 102.981 819 49.7 .523 25.99 102.1 102.5 104.684 878 49.3 .466 22.97 101.2 91.4 92.549 403 50.2 .314 15.7642 259 49.2 .317 15.6047 270 49.0 .336 16.4625 124 49.1 .329 16.15


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 39T a b l e 1 . — Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, in specified years,

1917 to 1981, by department, sexf and occupation—ContinuedMISCELLANEOUS WAGE EARNERS, ALL DEPARTMENTS-Oontinued

AverIndex numbers (1921 ■■

100.0)


Numberof

establish

ments

Number of wage

earners


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week


week

Average

earningsper

hour


week

m a l e s — continuedElevator men:

1917............................................. CO 591 $0. 241 .462

52.21921............................................. 29 332 48.4 $22.36

23.73100.0 100.0 100.0

106.11923........................................— 3769

454 52.5 .452 108.5 97.81925 ........................................... 604 50.5

49.8.448 22.62 104.3

102.997.0 101.2

100.7102.188.9

1927............................................. 68 434 .452 22.51 97.81929 ........................................... 78 729 49.5 .461 22.82 102.3 99.81931................. ........................... 72 588 49.3 .403 19.87 101.9 87.2

Door and other b o y s :1931................. ........................... 27 290 48.7 .276 13.44

Total, males:1917.................................. 60 1,989

1,106.252 52.8

1921.......... ...................... 33 48.4 .477 23.09 100.0 100.0 100.01923................................... 38 1,711

2,498 1,971 2,305 2,408

52. 2 .460 24.01 107.9 96.4 104.01925................................... 84 50.5 .448 22. 62 104.3 93.9 98.01927................................... 83 49.6 .458 22.72 102.5 96.0 98.41629.,........................................... 87 49.4 .471 23.27 102.1 98.7 100.81931.............................. 86 49.2 .412 20.27 101.7 86.4 87.8

FEMALES

Branders, markers, stampers, stencilers, and taggers:

1917 ........................................... 13 37 .153 45.41921........................................... 15 64 48.1 .337 16. 21 100.0 100.0 100.01923 ...................................... . 21 100 52.6 .360 18.94 109.4 106.8 116.81925 - . - 20 61 48.9 .341 16. 67 101.7 101.2 102.81927___ ..................................... 21 49 48.9 .364 17.80 101.7 108.0 109.81929 ........................................... 20 35 52.1 .353 18.39 108.3 104.7 113.41931............................................ 39 154 49.2 .311 15.30 102.3 92.3 94.4

Scalers and weighers:1917............... ........................ . 13 33 .164 48.71921............................................. 11 22 48.3 .337 16.28 100.0 100.0 100.01923............................................. 16 104 52.6 .319 16.78 108.9 94.7 103.11925............................................. 15 38 50.2 .343 17.22 103.9 101.8 105.81927............................................. 24 117 49.0 .350 17.15 101.5 103.9 105.31929............................................. 15 18 49.4 .422 20.85 102.3 125.2 128.11931....... ................................... 30 70 48.3 .333 16.08 100.0 98.8 98.8

Total, females:1917 .............................. 13 70 .158 46.91921................................. 15 86 48.1 .337 16.21 100.0 100.0 100.01923................................... 22 204 52.5 .323 16.96 109.1 95.8 104.61925................................... 34 99 49.4 .342 16.89 102.9 101.5 104.21927 ................................ 34 166 48.9 .354 17.31 101.7 105.0 106.81929................................... 29 53 51.2 .378 19.35 106.4 112.2 119.41931................................... 51 224 48.9 .318 15.55 101.7 94.4 95.9

Time Worked and Earnings, 1929 and 1931, by Sex and StateTable 2 shows for the wage earners of each sex and of both sexes

combined, by States or groups of two States, average days, hours, and earnings, ana the per cent of full time worked in one week in 1929 and 1931. Averages for groups of two States are shown to avoid presenting figures for one establishment only, thus possibly revealing its identity.

Average hours actually worked by males in one week in 1931 were more in California and Pennsylvania, and less in all other States and groups of States than in 1929. Such averages ranged by States and


groups of States from 46.0 to 55.9 in 1929 and from 39.5 to 53.7 in 1931, and for all States combined averaged 48.5 in 1929 and 45.9 in 1931. Average hours actually worked by females in one week in 1931 were more in California, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin and the group of Florida and Georgia, and less in all other States and groups of States than in 1929. Averages ranged by States from 41.3 to 52.9 in 1929 and from 36.7 to 49.9 per week in 1931 and for all States combined averaged 44.9 hours per week in 1929 and 42.4 in 1931.

Average earnings per hour of males ranged bv States and groups of States from 32.5 to 58.8 cents in 1929 and from 28.6 to 52.5 cents in 1931, and for all States combined averaged 52.5 cents in 1929 and47.0 cents in 1931. Average earnings per hour of females ranged by States from 21.4 to 40.5 cents in 1929 and from 16.1 to 37.2 cents in 1931, and for all States combined averaged 36.9 cents in 1929 and 32.1 cents in 1931.


T a b l e 2 .— Average hours and earnings, 1929 and 1981, by sex and State

Number of Num

ber of wage

earners

Average

days on which

Averagefull

Hours actually

worked in 1 week Aver

age


week

Average

actualSex and State Year estab

lishments

wage earners worked

in 1 week

timehoursper

weekAverage

number

Percentof

fulltime

earningsper

hour

earningsin i

week

MALESCalifornia..................................... 1929 4 947 5.7 47.9 47.0 98.1 $0,553 $26.49 $25. 98

1931 4 930 5.8 47.8 50.3 105.2 .498 23.80 25.06Colorado...................................... 1929 2 401 5.8 51.5 52.1 101.2 .537 27.66 28.02

1931 2 504 5.9 48.3 49.6 102.7 .525 25.36 26.05Connecticut and Massachusetts K 1929 4 1,275 5.8 52.5 51.6 98.3 .535 28.09 27.62

1931 4 908 5.8 54.0 47.2 87.4 .496 26.78 23.44Florida and Georgia1.................. 1929 3 232 5.7 55.4 48.3 87.2 .325 18.01 15.72

1931 3 190 4.9 55.5 43.9 79.1 .286 15.87 12.56Illinois.......................................... 1929 14 14,264 5.7 48.0 49.3 102.7 .553 26.54 27.27

1931 14 11, 252 5.7 48.8 47.5 97.3 .488 23.81 23.19Indiana...................................... 1929 2 1,733 5.8 48.0 46.3 96.5 .459 22.03 21.24

1931 2 1,513 4,879

5.6 47.8 39.5 82.6 .392 18.74 15.50Iowa....... —.................................. 1929 7 5.8 52.0 47.3 91.0 .463 24.08 21.94

1931 7 5,279 5.6 49.1 45.7 93.1 .438 21.51 20.01Kansas......................................... 1929 8 6,309 5.7 48.0 47.3 98.5 .518 24.86 24.54

1931 8 4,859 5.4 48.1 44.3 92.1 .448 21.55 19.82Maryland.................................... 1929 3 668 5.8 54.6 55.9 102.4 .478 26.10 26.72

1931 3 504 5.8 53.8 52.9 98.3 .489 26.31 25.90Michigan..................................... 1929 3 1,012 5.7 60.0 55.1 91.8 .537 32.22 29.61

1931 2 583 5.5 58.0 47.6 82.1 .465 26.97 22.15Minnesota and South Dakota K. 1929 5 5,342 5.7 48.0 46.9 97.7 .517 24.82 24.26

1931 5 5,493 5.6 49.8 46.2 92.8 .475 23.66 21.98Missouri....................................... 1929 4 2,643 5.8 48.1 47.7 99.2 .517 24.87 24.64

1931 5 2,444 5.6 49.0 47.2 96.3 .471 23.08 22.19Nebraska. ................................... 1929 4 3,723 5.6 48.0 46.0 95.8 .533 25.58 24.55

1931 4 3,586 5.3 48.0 42.1 87.7 .456 21.89 19.22New Jersey and New York *----- 1929 27 * 2,190 25.3 H9.4 2 46.3 2 93.7 2.588 229.05 2 27.20

1931 7 2,293 5.3 52.3 43.8 83.7 .519 27.14 22.72Ohio and West Virginia1........... 1929 4 1,293 5.7 53.9 50.6 93.9 .509 27.44 25.75

1931 4 864 5.8 51.2 49.3 96.3 .494 25.29 24.34Oklahoma............................ ........ 1929 2 1,123 5.6 48.1 47.9 99.6 .479 23.04 22.93

1931 2 740 5.1 46.2 42.0 90.9 .416 19.22 17.48Oregon and Washington1........... 1929 4 645 5.8 49.1 49.6 101.0 .583 28.63 28.94

1931 4 550 5.4 48.9 47.0 96.1 .498 24.35 23.41Pennsylvania. ............................. 1929 3 742 5.8 54.1 53.2 98.3 .556 30.08 29.58

1931 3 466 5.7 52.3 53.7 102.7 .473 24.74 25.36Texas............................................ 1929 5 2,064 5.7 49.1 48.6 99.0 .481 23.62 23.39

1931 5 1,400 5.2 48.1 41.9 87.1 .444 21.36 1&63Wisconsin.................................... 1929 2 1,311 5.8 51.6 53.7 104.1 .566 29.21 30.39

1931 2 1,165 5.7 48.1 49.7 103.3 .498 23.95 24 71Total.................................. 1929 90 52,796 5.7 49.3 48.5 98.4 .525 25.88 25.47

1931 90 45,523 5.5 49.2 45.9 93.3 .470 23.12 21.57

* Shown together to avoid presenting data for 1 establishment In 1 State. * New York only.


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 41T a b l e 2 .—Average hours and earnings, 1929 and 1981, by sex and State—C o n td .

Sex and State YearNumber of establish

ments1

Number of wage

earners

Average

dayson which wage

earners worked

in i week


week

Hours actually


ageearningsper

hour


week

Average

actual earnings in 1

weekAverage

number

Percentof

fulltime

FEMALESCalifornia.................................... 1929 4 171 5.7 47.8 45.1 94.4 $0.373 $17.83 $16.82

1931 4 216 6.8 47.7 46.2 96.9 .372 17.74 17.16Colorado.......... ........................... 1929 2 74 5.6 48.1 43.4 90.2 .328 15.78 14.22

1931 2 105 5.5 48.0 39.9 83.1 .332 15.94 13.25Connecticut and Massachusetts *. 1929 4 267 5.4 49.2 41.3 83.9 .339 16.68 14.01

1931 4 205 5 .7 49.1 40.5 82.5 .319 15.66 12.93Florida and Georgia1................. 1929 2 24 4.3 55.8 42.7 76.5 .214 11.94 9.14

1931 2 23 4.8 55.9 43.4 77.6 .161 9.00 6.99Illinois.......................................... 1929 12 2,538 5.6 47.7 46.3 97.1 .405 19.32 18.73

1931 10 2,214 5.5 48.9 43.4 88.8 .359 17.56 15.60Indiana........................................ 1929 2 328 5.7 48.0 43.6 90.8 .275 13.20 12.00

1931 2 312 5.6 47.9 36.7 76.6 .257 12.31 9.44Iowa............................................. 1929 7 769 5.7 52.6 45.4 86.3 .319 16.78 14.51

1931 7 973 5.5 49.7 44.5 89.5 .293 14.66 13.05Kansas......................................... 1929 8 1,045 5 .6 48.0 44.1 91.9 .395 18.96 17.40

1931 8 922 5.3 48.0 41.7 86.9 .318 15.26 13.24Maryland.................................... 1929 2 141 6.8 55.0 52.9 96.2 .290 15.95 15.34

1931 2 114 6.8 47.8 49.9 104.4 .286 13.67 14.30Michigan__________ _________ 1929 3 332 5.2 54.3 44.0 81.0 .329 17.86 14.49

1931 2 189 5 .5 64.0 44.7 82.8 .293 15.82 13.11Minnesota and South Dakota *. 1929 5 815 5.6 48.0 44.3 92.3 .365 17.52 16.18

1931 5 818 5.3 49.4 40.8 82.6 .307 15.17 12.54Missouri------- ------------------------ 1929 4 249 5.8 48.0 44.8 93.3 .395 18.96 17.67

1931 5 221 5.4 49.2 42.8 87.0 .331 16.29 14.18Nebraska..................................... 1929 4 563 5.5 48.0 43.5 90.6 .374 17.95 16.28

1931 4 539 5.1 48.0 39.1 81.5 .314 15.07 12.28New Jersoy and New York 1----- 1929 *4 2 300 25.3 2 47.7 241.7 2 87.4 *.375 217.89 215.63

1931 5 324 5.2 50.3 40.3 80.1 .309 15.54 12.46Ohio and West Virginia 1.......... 1929 4 230 5.6 49.6 46.0 92.7 .338 16.76 15.68

1931 4 160 5.7 49.1 43.3 88.2 .310 15.22 13.44Oklahoma.................................... 1929 2 154 5 .4 48.0 44.3 92.3 .302 14.50 13.38

1931 2 125 6.0 46.3 40.1 86.6 .258 11.95 10.36Oregon and Washington 1______ 1929 4 85 6.8 47.9 43.2 90.2 .371 17.77 16.04

1931 4 63 6.0 46.6 39.8 85.4 .335 15.61 13.34Pennsylvania.............................. 1929 3 93 5.3 51.8 42.1 81.3 .386 19.99 16.24

1931 3 107 5.7 50.0 46.5 93.0 .292 14.60 13.56Texas........................................... 1929 5 366 5 .4 48.4 44.5 91.9 .322 15.58 14.32

1931 5 214 6.1 48.3 40.3 83.4 .277 13.38 11.18Wisconsin___________________ 1929 2 259 5.8 49.4 44.8 90.7 .404 19.96 18.10

1931 2 188 5 .7 48.0 45.4 94.6 .325 15.60 14.76Total.................................. 1929 83 ,1 8,803 5 .6 48.9 44.9 91.8 .369 18.04 16.54

1931 82 8,032 6.4 48.9 42.4 86.7 .321 15.70 13.61MALES AND FEMALES

California..................................... 1929 4 1,118 6 .7 47.9 46.7 97.5 .527 25.24 24.681931 4 1,146 5 .8 47.7 49.6 104.0 .476 22.71 23.57

Colorado..................................... 1929 2 475 5 .7 50.9 50.8 99.8 .509 25.91 25.871931 2 609 5.8 48.2 48.0 99.6 .497 23.96 23.84

Connecticut and Massachusetts i 1929 4 1,542 6.7 52.0 49.8 95.8 .507 26.36 25.271931 4 :i, 113 6.8 53.1 46.0 86.6 .467 24.80 21.50

Florida and Georgia1................. 1929 3 256 6 .6 55.5 47.8 86.1 .316 17.54 15.101931 3 213 4.9 55.5 43.8 78.9 .273 15.15 11.96

Illinois......................................... 1929 14 16,802 5.6 48.0 48.9 101.9 .532 25.54 25.981931 14 13,466 5.7 48.8 46.8 95.9 .468 22.84 21.94

Indiana.......... — ...................... 1929 2 2,061 5.8 48.0 45.9 95.6 .431 20.69 19.771931 2 1,825 5.6 47.8 39.0 81.6 .370 17.69 14.46

Iowa............................................. 1929 7 5,648 5.8 52.1 47.1 90.4 .445 23.18 20.921931 7 6,252 6 .6 49.2 45.5 92.5 .416 20.47 18.93

Kansas......................................... 1929 8 7,354 5 .7 48.0 46.9 97.7 .502 24.10 23.521931 8 5,781 5 .4 48.1 43.9 91.3 .428 20.59 18.77

Maryland............... .................... 1929 3 809 5.8 54.7 55.3 101.1 .447 24.45 24.741931 3 618 5.8 52.7 52.4 99.4 .454 23.93 23.76

Michigan..................................... 1929 3 1,344 5.6 58.6 52.4 89.4 .494 28.95 25.871931 2 772 5.5 57.0 46.9 82.3 .425 24.23 19.94

Minnesota and South Dakota l~ 1929 5 6,157 6 .6 48.0 46.6 97.1 .498 23.90 23.191931 5 6,311 5 .6 49.7 45.6 91.5 .456 22.66 20.75

Missouri...................................... 1929 4 2,892 5 .8 48.1 47.4 98.5 .507 24.39 24.031931 5 2,665 5 .6 49.0 46.8 95.5 .460 22.54 21.63

'Shown together to avoid presenting data for 1 establishment in 1 State. New York only.



T a b l e 2.—Average hours and earnings, 1929 and 19S1, by sex and State—Contd.

Sex and State YearNumber of establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Average

days on which wage

earners worked

in 1 week


week

Hours actually


ageearningsper

hour


week

Average

actual earnings in 1

weekAverage

number

Percentof

fulltime

Nebraska..................................... 1929 4 4,286 5.6 48.0 45.7 95.2 $0.513 $24.62 $23.471931 4 4,125 5.2 48.0 41.7 86.9 .439 21.07 18.32

New Jersey and New York1....... 1929 27 2 2,490 25.3 2 49.2 2 45.7 2 92.9 2.564 2 27.75 225.811931 7 2,617 5.3 52.1 43.4 83.3 .494 25.74 21.45

Ohio and West Virginia 1__......... 1929 4 1,523 5.7 53.2 49.9 93.8 .485 25.80 24.221931 4 1,024 5.8 50.9 48.3 94.9 .468 23.82 22.63

Oklahoma...... .............. ...... ........ 1929 2 1, 277 5.5 48.1 47.5 98.8 .459 22.08 21.781931 2 865 5.1 46.2 41.7 90.3 .394 18.20 16.45

Oregon and Washington1.......... 1929 4 730 5.8 49.0 48.9 99.8 .561 27.49 27.431931 4 613 5.4 48.6 46.3 95.3 .484 23.52 22.38

Pennsylvania.............................. 1929 3 835 5.7 53.9 52.0 96.5 .541 29.16 28.091931 3 573 5.7 51.8 52.3 101.0 .443 22.95 23.16

Texas........................................... 1929 5 2,430 5.6 49.0 48.0 98.0 .459 22.49 22.021931 5 1,614 5.2 48.1 41.7 86.7 .423 20.35 17.64

Wisconsin........ ........................... 1929 2 1, £70 5.8 51.2 52.2 102.0 .543 27.80 28.361931 2 1, 353 5.7 48.1 49.1 102.1 .475 22.85 23.33

Total.................................. 1929 90 61, 599 5.7 49.2 48.0 97.6 .504 24.80 24.181931 90 53, 555 5.5 49.2 45.4 92.3 .449 22.09 20.38

i Shown together to avoid presenting data for 1 establishment in 1 State. 2 New York only

Average and Classified Earnings per Hour, by OccupationAverage earnings per hour and the percentage distribution of wage

earners according to such earnings are shown in Table 3 for males in 24 representative occupations in 8 of the 13 departments that were included in the studies of the industry in 1927, 1929, and 1931, and for females in 7 representative occupations in 5 departments. The average and classified figures for wage earners in these occupations include those in unskilled, semiskilled, and skilled occupations, and are, therefore, representative of earnings per hour of males and females in all occupations in the 13 departments of the industry. The males in the 24 occupations in the 8 departments represent 22 per cent of the total number of males covered in 1927 and 1929 and 23 per cent of the number covered in 1931. The females in the 7 occupations in the 5 departments represent 49 per cent of all females in 1927, 52 per cent in 1929, arid 54 per cent in 1931. Males and females combined represent 25 per cent of all wage earners in all occupations in the 13 departments of the industry in 1927, 26 per cent in 1929, and 28 per cent in 1931.

Average and classified earnings per hour for the wage earners in this table are also shown by districts in Table B, page 128.

Beading the figures for headers, male, in explanation of the data in the table, it is seen that average earnings per hour decreased from an average of 66.2 cents in 1927 to 64.4 cents in 1929 and to 59.2 cents in 1931. Average earnings per hour of 6 per cent of the 95 headers covered in 1931 were less than 50 cents per hour, of 37 per cent were 50 and under 55 cents, of 22 per cent were 55 and under 60 cents, of 19 per cent were 60 and under 65 cents, and of 15 per cent were 65 cents and over per hour.


T ab le 3.—Average and classified earnings per hour in SO specified occupations, 1927, 1929, and 1981, by department, sex, and occupation

Sex and occupationNumber of establish

ments

Number ofwage

earners

Average

earningsper

hour

.ATTLE-KILLING DEPARTMENT lies:Headers—

1927.................................... 51 119 $0,6621929.................................... 51 106 .6441931.................................... 59 95 .592

Leg breakers—1927___________________ _ 55 152 .5561929.................................... 57 144 .5801931.................................... 63 143 .512

Floormen or siders—1927.................................... 65 280 .8771929.................................... 66 254 .8821931.................................... 70 234 .800

Gutters and bung-droppers—1927.................................... 63 125 .5871929.................................... 61 112 .5981931.................................... 62 114 .517

Splitters—1927.................................... 65 150 .8761929.................................... 65 145 .8791931.................................... 66 123 .780

Laborers2—1927.................................... 72 874 .4511929____________________ 73 830 .4661931.................................... 67 603 .408

Per cent of wage earners whose earnings per hour were—

Under25

cents

25and

under30

cents

30and

under35

cents

35and

under40

cents

40and

under45

cents

45and

under50

cents

50and

under55

cents

55and

under60

cents

andunder

65cents

65and

under70

cents

70and

under75

cents

75and

under80

cents

80and

under85

cents

85and

under90

cents

90and

under95

cents

95centsand

under$1

$1and

under$1.25

$1.25and

under$1.50

$1.50andover

3 7 3 2 1 11 2 1 2 23 1 1

22 1 1 6

1 3 1

40 19 15 7 5 0 332 15 24 8 4 2 426 10 3 1 1 4 (02 3

52

44 27 11 2 3 3 326 34 16 1 6 515 13 2 2 4 21 (i) 0) 0)

0) 0) 0) (i)1

13

0)11

11

0)10)3526

242224193

0)

282312

(0

33

31

<*)

i Less than 1 per cent. * Includes floor cleaners, mark heads, spread cattle, tie guts, laundrymen, taggers, etc.

CO

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


T able 3.— Average and classified earnings per hour in 80 specified occupations, 1927y 1929, and 1981, by department, sex, and occupation—Continued

Sex and occupation

Number of establish

ments

Number of wage

earners

Average

earningsper

hour


Males:Laborers8—

1927.................................... 68 818 $0,4421929................................... 70 841 .4431931.................................... 70 702 .400

Stickers—1927.................................... 61 68 .6311929.................................... 64 75 .6451931................................... 66 80 .565

Shavers and scrapers—1927.................................... 65 567 .5351929.................................... 70 583 .5281931.................................... 70 645 .480

Gutters, bung-droppers, and rippers-open—

.5891927.................................... 66 2191929.................................... 70 246 .6021931.................................... 70 267 .527

Splitters—.6301927.................................... 63 169

1929.................................... 68 178 .6541931.................................... 67 182 .583

OJTAL (OTHER THAN HIDES AND CASINGS) DEPARTMENT

Males:Trimmers—

1927.................................... 70 684 .5321929.................................... 79 619 .5211931.................................... 76 615 .474

Tripe scrapers and finishers—47 194 .5731927....................................

1929.................................... 53 223 .5631931.................................... 54 188 .469

Per cent of wage earners whose earnings per hour were—

Under25

cents

25and

under30

cents

30axidunder

35cents

35and

under40

cents

40and

under45

cents

45and

under50

cents

50and

under55

cents

55and

under60

cents

60and

under65

cents

65and

under70

cents

(9 2 3 13 42 21 10 5 31 1 3 10 48 21 9 4 1 (9

(9 3 9 42 27 13 4 1 1 (91 12 21 34 181 3 5 17 32 245 13 20 24 26 9

(9 2 10 18 28 20 14 3(0 2 11 21 34 16 10 4

(9 (9 2 11 19 31 18 10 5 2

2 5 26 24 24 15<9 1 2 4 22 18 33 11

(9 0) 12 24 25 22 10 51 2 12 9 40 231 2 6 7 38 29

2 3 6 16 28 26 13

(9 1 1 2 12 29 21 14 6 4(9 2 3 13 25 24 18 9 3

1 1 3 13 31 21 13 4 5 2

(9 1 31 17 16 11 7(9 11 22 20 17 13 7

15 43 16 9 10 5 1

70and

under75

cents

75and

under80

cents

80and

under85

cents

85and

under90

cents

90and

under95

cents

95centsand

under$1

$1and

under$1.25

$1.25and

under$1.50

$1.50andover

(91 (9(9 (9 (9 (9

6 4 1 1 15 8

13 1

32 (9 (91 (91 (9 (91 <91 (9 (9

2 1 (9l (94 2 (9 (9 1 (91 ' 15 5 1 1 lg 6 l 1 1 l 14 1 1 l

2 111 i 1 2 1

1 1 (9 1 (9(92 (9 <9 (9 3

3 1 22

211 4

4 1 1 (91 1

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


148227°—33-

Females:Trimmers—

1927____________________ 24 169 .373 2 12 36 24 7 9 4 1 2 1 1 11929.................................... 36 246 .371 2 11 24 30 20 4 4 2 (0 11931.................................... 36 173 .313 9 25 49 12 2 2 1

Miscellaneous workers<— 1927.................................... 30 110 .348 5 15 39 19 14 5 2 1 11929____________________ 26 146 .346 3 13 35 34 10 3 1 1 1 11931.................................... 22 96 .308 17 30 21 25 3 2 2

CASING DEPARTMENTMales:

Casing pullers or runners— 1927.................................... 68 609 .542 (*>

0)1

1 7 17 35 2119

109

4 1 1 i i 0)x (01929.................................... 74 686 .532(1),

(T) 2 8 19 36 4 0)1 (0 1 (l) <*) 0)1931.................................... 76 714 .476 0) 8 25 34 17 8 4 1 U 1 0)0)

(l) 0)Strippers—1927.................................... 53 279 .505 (*>1

1 10 41 24 15 6 1 11929.................................... 61 312 .498 2 18 35 25 12 5 1 1 0) 0)1931.................................... 69 289 .429 1 2 21 44 20 7 3 2 (1)

Trimmers of casings—1927.................................... 51 233 .539 2 9 21 29 19 9 2 2 3 1 1 (9

0)1929.................................... 59 224 .538 1 4 8 18 29 16 16 5 1 2 <*)1931.................................... 65 258 .469 1 2 13 24 31 16 7 4 1 (}) 0)Females:Blowers, graders, and in

spectors—1927.................................... 27 221 .384 35 36 17 9 2 0)1929............ ...................... 42 280 .384 5 23 40 15 10 4 2 (*)1931.................................... 38 347 .318 5 33 37 13 6 6 0)

1


Males:Laborers—

1927.................................... 60 1,779 .451 (0 1 8 49 28 10 3 1 0) 0)1929............ ........... ........... 63 1,606 .459 2 9 36 30 16 5 1 (l) 0)1931.................................... 64 1,302 .411 <9 1 4 39 36 14 4 0)149

1 (i) (*)4

Boners—1927.............. ..................... 59 499 .751 (0 0)1

2 6 101012

9 9 7 4 5 2 3 15134

7 11929.................................... 64 557 .783 2 6 9 9

98 g 4 5 5 5 A i

21931.................................... 63 467 .629 1 4 6 14 15 8 6 8 4 3 4 0)01

* Less than 1 per cent.* Includes drivers, penners, steamers, singers, washers, aitchbone breakers, and toe pullers.* Includes laborers, rippers-open of paunches and pecks, washers and pickers of trimmings and fat, tripe washers, scalders, cookers, scrapers, and finishers; and finishers of pigs’ feet.

Oi

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


T able 3*— Average and classified earnings per hour in 80 specified occupations, 1927, 1929, and 1981, fey department, sex, and occupationContinued

Number of establish

ments

AverPer cent of wage earners whose earnings per hour were—

Sex and occupationNumber of wage

earners

ageearningsper

hour

Under25

cents

25and

under30

cents

30and

under35

cents

35and

under40

cents

40and

under45

cents

45and

under50

cents

50and

under55

cents

55and

under60

cents

60and

under65

cents

65and

under70

cents

70and

under75

cents

75and

under80

cents

80and

under85

cents

85and

under90

cents

90and

under95

cents

95centsand

under$1

$1and

under$1.25

$1.25and

under$1.50

$1.50andover

CUTTING— FEESH-POEZ DEPARTMENT

Males:Ham boners—

1927____ _______ ________ 64 288 $0,701.722

(9 2 5 26 7 9 6 11 4 5 7 2 2 10 2 11929 73 311 1 3 5 11 11 10 9 8 6 10 4 2 4 14 21931 73

55

369 .602 1 1 2 4 12 16 24 12 9 11 2 2 1 1 1 2Trimmers and ham and

shoulder skinners—1927 616 .556

. 565(0 0) 1 6 14 30 20 15 6 4 1 1 (9 0) 1

1929 69 899 (9 (9 2 6 14 24 22 16 6 4 1 1 l 1 (9 11931 62 869 .499 (9 (i) 2 5 19 28 23 13 6 1 0) (0 (9 (9 (9

(9

(9 (9Females:

Trimmers of trimmings (including trimmers)—

1927 44 844 .421 8 6 15 19 15 12 8 5 5 3 2 1 1 (9 0) (91929 __ ___ 53 1,230 .396 10 8 14 22 18 14 5 4 3 1 (9 1 (9 <9 (9 (9 (91931 52 1,195 . 352 12 17 28 17 12 7 3 2 1 1 1 (9 h (9

SAUSAGE DEPARTMENT

Males:Machine tenders •—

1927 767978768178

76

402449382417

.513

.531

.476

.565

(9 (912 13 35 20 13 6 4 2 l 1 (9

1929 4 9 27 26 12 9 4 4 2 i (9 (91931 (9 3 7 31 26 13 11 5 2 1

Staffers—1927 2 6 19 20 15 15 12 5 2 2 0) 1 (9 (91929 447 .578 (1) 1 4 14 18 27 18 8 4 3 (9 (9 1 (91931 391

1 175

.522

.364

. 377

(9

2

1

161425

1 3 11 19 25 24 11 2 2 (*) 1 (9Females:

Linkers, twisters, tiers, and hangers—

1927 32 18 14 11 4 2® i

(9 (91929 81 1* 170 2 27 20 18 12 5 2 0) (91931.................................... 79 i ! i o o 1327 6 33 23 11 2 1 (9

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


CURED-MEATS DEPARTMENT 11Males:

Packers *—1927.................................... 76 1,086

1,263995

.477 1 1 1 4 22 44 17 7 2 1I

1 jI[ (1)

1929.................................... 77 .477 (90)0)0)

1 2 3 25 34 21 8 4 1 0) 1 0)1931.................................... 73 .428 1 3 19 44 23 7 2 1 <*)2

Picklers7—1927.................................... 77 480 .497 1 12 42 31 9 3

(,\0)1 0)

(0C1)

1929.................................... 81 477 .506 i 1 13 35 26 12 5 3 0) 0) 11—1931.................................... 84 515 .452 1 13 36 30 12 4 1 1 1 0)CANNING DEPARTMENT

Females:Packers (sliced bacon and

chipped dried beef in cans, glass jars, or cartons, by hand)—

1927.................................... 43 849 .351 3 14 41 22 I 11 6 3 1

j

0 )(l)1929.................................... 60 1,341

1,286.354 3 20 32 20 14 6 3 1 (01931.................................... 66 .325 9 31 29 17 7 3 2 1 (1)Labelers and wrappers—

1927................................... 14 134 .385 9 46 13 10 5 4 4 5 1 1 1 11929.................................... 25 163 .381 2 7 31 25 19 10 2 4 ! 11931.................................... 30 162 .309 21 26 28 9 6 6 4 I

l ii Less than 1 per cent.• Includes cutters, choppers, grinders, mixers, curers, feeders, spicers, and rockers.• Includes packers of beef, barrel pork, bellies, briskets, pig rinds, and smoked meats; dippers; vatmen; sweet-pickle packers; burlap sackers; wrappers; nailers; car loaders, and

car stowers.• Includes pickle men, pickle makers, pumpers, and curers.

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931



Regular or Customary Hours of OperationThe regular or customary full-time hours per week of a plant are

the hoars of operation when it is working its recognized standard of hours as established by the regular time of beginning work in the morning and of closing in the afternoon, less the regular time off duty for dinner or lunch, and not including any overtime or time off duty for any cause.

Table 4 shows the percentage distribution of wage earners in each of 30 representative occupations in 9 of the 13 departments covered in the report at each group of full-time hours per week in each odd year from 1921 to 1931, inclusive, for which data are available. For a similar distribution, by number of wage earners in each of these occupations, by district, in 1931, see Table C, page 128.

Average full-time hours per week of headers, male, increased from 47.6 in 1921 to 52.1 in 1923, decreased each year to 48.8 in 1929, and then increased to 49.1 in 1931. Full-time hours of 5 per cent of the 95 headers covered in 1931 were under 48 per week, of 73 per cent were 48 per week, of 5 per cent were over 48 and under 54 per week, of 12 per cent were 54 per week, of 3 per cent were over 54, and under 60 per week, and of 2 per cent were 60 per week.

In 1921 the full-time hours of 87 per cent of the headers, male, were 48 per week; in 1923, 35 per cent; in 1925, 69 per cent; in 1927, 85 per cent; in 1929, 80 per cent; and in 1931, 73 per cent. These percentages represent fairly the trend of hours in other principal occupations of the industry.

T able 4.—Average and classified full-time hours per week in SO specified occupations, 1921 to 1981, by department, sex, and year


Num NumAverage

Per cent of wage earners whose full-time hours per week were—

Sex, occupation, and yearber of establish

ments

ber of wage earners

fulltimehoursper

weekUnder48

48Over

48and

under54

54Over

54and

under60

60 Over60

MALESHeaders:

1921................................................ 23 53 47.6 9 87 41923............................ ................... 28 79 52.1 35 56 6 31925................. ......... ........... ......... 51 120 50.0 69 24 5 21927.................... ...... ..................... 51 119 49.0 1 85 8 4 21929............................................... 51 106 48.8 5 80 3 8 4 11931......................... .................... 59 95 49.1 5 73 5 12 3 2

Leg breakers:1921................................................ 30 89 47.8 8 89 2 11923.............................. ............... - 30 117 52.8 21 2 73 3 21925.............................. ......... ........ 55 181 49.9 1 69 1 26 2 21927................................................ 55 152 49.1 84 3 7 5 11929............................................... 57 144 48.7 3 85 3 4 4 11931............................................... 63 143 48.7 6 77 7 8 1 1

Floor men or siders:1921............................................. 30 122 48.0 5 93 1 21923................................................ 34 195 52.6 27 2 64 6 31925................................................ 62 272 49.9 0)1

69 1 24 3 21927................................................ 65 280 49.2 78 3 10 6 11929................................................ 66 254 48.7 4 84 2 6 3 21931................................................. 70 234 48.9 6 76 5 10 1 2

* Less than 1 per cent.


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 49Table 4.—-Average and classified full-time hours per week in 30 specified occupa

tions, 1921 to 1931, by department, sex, and year—ContinuedCATTLE-KILLING DEPABTMENT-Continued


m ALEs—ContinuedGutters and bung droppers:

1921....................................1923....................................1925.................... . ............ .1927........................... ........1929_________ __________1931....................................

Splitters:1921....................................1923.. . .............1925............ ......................1927......... .........................1929........... ........................1931............ . ..................... ..................... .....................

Laborers:21921................ .......... ........1923.......................1925. . ____________1927.................................1929...................................1931. — ...................... .

Number of establish

ments

Number of wage earners

29 57 47.833 94 52.555 121 50.163 125 49.061 112 48.962 114 49.129 82 47.833 108 52.557 149 50.065 150 49.165 145 48.766 123 48.927 409 47.832 587 52.263 949 50.272 874 49.473 830 48.667 603 49.0


week


Under48

48

0)

Over48

andunder

5454

22

Over54

andunder

Over60

0)


29 524 48.8 90 4 733 820 52.2 34 3 50 7 565 829 51.7 2 52 3 19 9 1668 818 51.0 0) 61 5 17 3 1370 841 49.8 1 76 2 10 5 770 702 49.6 3 75 2 12 5 427 33 49.6 82 3 1533 44 53.0 30 5 43 9 1465 79 51.8 4 46 5 23 5 1861 68 50.3 3 66 4 12 4 1064 75 50.0 4 67 5 9 7 866 80 50.0 4 66 6 14 4 6 .27 303 48.9 88 6 634 587 52.5 33 3 48 8 866 705 51.4 3 51 5 20 8 1465 567 50.6 1 63 7 13 5 1170 583. 49.9 2 74 2 10 3 970 645 50.1 2 68 4 14 5 7 .

28 100 48.7 92 2 632 172 52.4 34 3 47 9 864 242 51.9 1 48 6 24 5 1666 219 50.4 0) 66 5 14 4 1070 246 50.0 4 68 3 11 4 970 267 50.3 2 66 4 16 4 727 68 48.8 91 2 733 119 52.3 34 3 50 8 568 170 51.5 1 51 4 27 4 1263 169 50.1 2 68 4 14 4 868 178 49.9 3 71 4 11 3 967 182 49.8 2 72 3 15 4 4

MALESLaborers:3

1921.................... ........................................1923________ __________________ _____1925........................... ..................................1927.............................................................1929.............................................................1931................................ - .......................

Stickers:1921............................. ................................1923................................ ...........................1925.............................................................1927..............................................................1929.............................................................1931— _____ ____________ ___________

Shavers and scrapers:1921..............................................................1923.......................................... ...................1925..............................................................1927................... .................................. —1929...........................................................1931.______________ _________________

Gutters, bung droppers, and rippers- open:

1921..............................................................1923.......................................... ...................1925.................... ..................... .................1927...................... ..................... - ............1929............................. ................................1931..............................................................

Splitters:1921............................ .......... .....................1923............................... ..............................1925..............................................................1927........................................ .....................1929....................................... .....................1931............................... ..............................

0) ]<9

1 Less than 1 per cent.* Includes floor cleaners, mark heads, spread cattle, tie guts, laundrymos®* taggers, etc..* Includes drivers, penners, steamers, singers, washers, aitchbone brea&sj® and. toe


T a b l e 4 .— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 80 specified occupations, 1921 to 1931, by department, sex, and year—ContinuedOFFAL (OTHER THAN HIDES AND CASINGS) DEPARTMENT



Trimmers:1921___1923___1925___1927___

1931.....................................Tripe scrapers and finishers:

1921.....................................1923.....................................1925.....................................1927.....................................1929.....................................1931.....................................

FEMALESTrimmers:

1921...............................1923...............................1925...............................1927...............................1929...............................1931...............................

Miscellaneous workers:«1921...............................1923...............................1925...............................1927...............................1929...............................1931................................

Number of establish

ments

Number of wage earn-

471768597684619615

115209227194223188

103198139169246173

73180154110146


week

47.952.449.649.749.149.6

48.252.649.7 49.048.548.8

48.052.950.749.949.148.8

47.652.150.749.249.849.3


Under48

<*)21

(l)

48

Over48

andunder

54

1002255697779

823766

75

54

11

Over54

andunder

60

1045

(*)1

60

(l)22

0)

Over60

CASING DEPARTMENT


1921..................................................... 32 408 48.5 7 86 4 51923..................................................... 34 548 52.3 31 57 9 31925................................................... 69 620 50.1 1 67 1 20 5 61927.................................................... 68 609 49.4

(,)x81 1 9 3 5

1929..................................................... 74 686 49.2 81 4 6 3 51931..................................................... 76 714 49.6 2 74 2 15 4 4

Strippers:1921..................................................... 28 203 47.9 10 88 2 21923..................................................... 32 313 52.7 23 3 66 8 11925..................................................... 55 270 50.3 (,\ 68 1 21 3 71927..................................................... 53 279 49.2 82 1 13 1 31929..................................................... 61 312 49.3

W376 10 7 1 6

1931..................................................... 69 289 49.1 79 2 12 2 2Trimmers of casings:

1921..................................................... 29 163 48.1 3 95 11923..................................................... 32 213 52.0 36 2 51 9 21925................................. 55 240 50.1 (l) 69 1 23 2 51927.......................................... ......... 51 233 49.0 84 2 10 3 11929..................................................... 59 224 49.6 1 76 5 9 2 71931..................................................... 65 258 49.0 4 79 4 9 1 3

FEMALESBlowers, graders, and inspectors:

1921..................................................... 11 77 47.9 A 971923..................................................... 15 190 52.6 24 1 69 61925..................................................... 29 197 49.2 2 77 3 13 51927..................................................... 27 221 48.3

® i95 5

1929..................................................... 42 280 48.6 83 10 5 21931.............................. ...... 38 347 48.7 1 85 13

1 Less than 1 per cent.« Includes laborers, rippers-open of pauncbes and pecks, washers and pickers of trimmings and fat; tripe

washers, scalders, cookers, jsc ape s, and flofckers; and finishers of pigs’ feet.


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 51T a b l e 4.-—Average and classified full-time hours per week in SO specified occupa

tions, 19B1 to 1931, by department, sex, and year— ContinuedCUTTING—FRESH-BEEF DEPARTMENT

Num NumAverage



ments

ber of wage earners

fulltimehoursper

week

Under48

48Over

48and

under54

54Over

54and

under60

60 Over60

MALESLaborers:

1921........................i ....................... 27 1,2291,2611,7671,7791,6061,302

86

48.2 2 96 (i) 21923................................................ 33 52.6 27 (1) 69 1 31925......................... ...................... 56 49.9 1 68 1 28 1 21927...............................................• 60 48.8 6 79 1 12 2 11929................................................ 63 48.6 1 90 1 6 1 1 0 )1931......................... i...................... 64 48.5 4 85 1 9 1

Boners:1921................................................ 18 48.5 5 88 2 51923............................................... 30 432 52.9 23 65 8 31925.................... ........................... 57 547 49.4 14 57 2 18 7 11927................................................ 59 499 48.6 11 76 2 7 3 21929............................................... 64 557 48.9 8 72 6 10 1 31931................................................ 63 467 49.2 4 75 4 14 1 3


MALESHam boners:

1921................................................ 26 161 49.1 89 2 81923................................................ 32 209 49.6 28 1 59 6 61925................................................ 67 286 51.4 52 3 26 6 121927................................................ 64 288 50.0 2 68 2 19 3 51929................................................ 73 311 50.0 6 67 3 10 5 91931..______ __________________ 73 369 50.4 3 59 2 29 3 3

Trimmers, and ham and shoulder skinners:

1921................................................ 29 362 49.0 90 3 81923................................................ 32 700 52.5 30 1 54 12 41925................................................ 57 701 50.2 68 1 22 3 51927......................... ...................... 55 616 49.6 1 75 0)

217 3 3 0 )1929................................................ 69 899 49.7 1 76 14 2 6

1931................................................ 62 869 49.3 2 76 1 17 2 1

FEMALES

Trimmers of trimmings (including trimmers):

1921......................... ...................... 23 580 48.7 88 121923.................... ..........................* 24 677 53.0 25 1 55 11 81925....................... ........................ 44 818 50.1 1 65 3 24 4 41927.............., ......... ...................... 44 844 49.4 2 77 1 14 2 41929........................- ....................... 53 1,230

1,19549.3 2 74 4 14 3 2

1931........................- ....................... 52 48.9 1 81 3 15 0)

SAUSAGE DEPARTMENT

Machine tenders:51921............— _1923..— . —1925...................1927...................1929...................1931....................

Staffers:1921....................1923....................1925....................1927....................1929___________1931....................

31 193 48.6 1 94 1 535 329 52.6 29 2 57 5 675 418 50.5 2 62 3 20 3 976 402 49.6 0) 78 2 13 2 579 449 50.0 1 69 4 14 5 678 382 49.4 5 70 3 18 1 331 225 48.8 93 (*) 736 316 52.6 28 3 58 5 574 406 50.8 2 58 4 23 4 876 417 49.5 2 73 11 6 4 481 447 49.8 4 70 4 11 5 778 391 49.6 4 68 2 22 2 2

i Less than 1 per cent.* Includes cutters, choppers, grinders, mixers, curers, feeders, spicers, and rockers.


T a b l e 4.—Average and classified full-time hours per week in SO specified occupar tions, 1921 to 1981, by department, sex, and year—Continued

SAUSAGE DEPARTMENT-Continued


Num NumAverage



ments

ber of wage earners

fulltimehoursper

weekUnder48

48

Over48

andunder

54

54

Over54

andunder

60

60 Over60

FEMALES

linkers, twisters, tiers, and hangers: 1921................................................................ 28 379 49.4 3 81

332 4 10

1923................................................................ 34 821 52.4 2 52 6 71925................................................................ 75 1,105

1,175 1,170 1,100

49.9 3 62738072

4 22 7 11927................................................................ 76 49.2 7 4 9 5 11929................................................................ 81 49.0 1 7 6 6 11931................................................................ 79 49.0 4 8 15 1 c )


MALESPackers: •

1921............................................................— 31 484 48.81923................................................................ 36 810 52.31925................................................................ 70 988 50.21927...........................................- ................... 76 1,086

1,263995

49.91929................................................................ 77 50.11931............................. - ................................ 73 49 .2

Picklers:71921................ - ............................................. 32 270 48.51923.........................- ..................................... 37 428 52.71925_______ ___________ _____ _________ 77 560 51.21927................................................................ 77 480 49.91929........................................ — ................... 81 477 50.01931..................................- ............................ 84 515 49.4

0)

2

659 6 219 3 715 3 610 3 1014 1 2

458 7 633 3 915 2 613 3 915 3 2

0)

CANNING DEPARTMENT

Packers (sliced bacon and chipped dried beef in cans, glass jars, or cartons):

1921.............................................................. .1923.............................................................. .1925.............................................................. .1927.............................................................. .1929........................... - .............................. .1931.............................................................. -

Labelers and wrappers:1921.............................................................. .1923.............................................................. .1925..............................................................1927...............................................................1929.............................................................. .1931.............................................................. .

13 202 47.0 2 9715 228 51.8 3731 387 49.3 6 7043 849 49.3 4 6860 1,341 4 8.8 4 7366 1,286 48.9 5 76

12 68 47.9 1 8612 237 53.1 1913 145 47.9 37 4614 134 46.3 56 4325 163 48.0 24 5930 162 4 8.5 15 64

12

217

15

7717

713

4126

(l)

0)

i Less than 1 per cent*• Includes packers of beef, barrel pork, bellies, briskets, pig rinds, and smoked meats; dippers; vat men;

sweet-pickle packers; burlap sackers; wrappers; nailers; car loaders, and car stowers.? Indudes pickle men, pickle makers, pumpers and curers.


Regular full-time hours frequently differ as between the various departments in the same establishment. For example, the regular hours of the killing department may be 8 per day Monday to Friday and 4 on Saturday, or 44 per week, while those of the cured-meat department may be 9 per day on each of the 6 days, or 54 per week. Regular full-time hours per day and per week are shown in Table 5 by departments and States for the 90 establishments covered in 1931. All but one had a maintenance and repair department; 78 had a cattle-killing department; 76 a hog-killing department; 50 a sheep- killing and calf-killing department; 86 an offal (other than hides and casings) department; 68 a hide department; 83 a casing and a lard and oleo-oil department; 75 a fresh-beef cutting department; 79 a fresh-pork cutting department; 82 a sausage department; 84 a cured- meat department; and 74 a canning department. The 74 establishments reported as having a canning department include 50 that canned or packed sliced bacon and chipped dried beef only and did not do general canning of meats.

The hours per week in the cattle-killing department of the 78 establishments ranged from 44 to 60, and per day, Monday to Friday, from 8 to 11, and on Saturday from 4 to 10. One establishment worked 10 hours on Saturday for 6 months and had no Saturday work during the other 6 months, the average for the year being 5 hours.

WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 53


T able 5.—Classification of establishments in each State by full-time hours per week and per day, 1981, by departmentsCATTLE-KILLING DEPARTMENT

Full-time hours per day Number of establishments in-

Full-time hours per

weekMonday to Thurs

dayFriday Satur

dayCalifornia

Colorado

Connecticutand

Mas-sa-

chu-setts

Floridaand

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana Iowa Kan

sasMaryland

Michigan

Minnesotaand

SouthDakota

Missouri

Nebraska

NewJerseyandNewYork

OhioandWestVirginia

Oklahoma

Oregonand

Washington

Pennsyl

vaniaTexas

Wisconsin

Totalestablish

ments

44 8 8 4 1 1 1 345 8 8 5 1 1 1 348 8 8 8 3 2 6 1 5 7 4 4 4 3 2 1 4 1 4 2 53GO 9 9 5 1 1 1 1 1 5

m9 9^95 1 1

54 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 655 10

10101011

10 5 1 1 255 10

101011

i 5 7M

10 5

1 157^ 1 160 1 1 260 1 1

Total 4 2 3 10 2 6 7 3 2 5 5 4 6 4 2 4 2 5 2 78


SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


SHEEP-KILLING DEPARTMENT44__46__48__64....S7M-60— .

Total.

8889

1010

889

1010

46897 ^ -

102 1

21

39612

50

1 Worked 10 hours on Saturday for 6 months; no Saturday work the remaining 6 months; yearly average, 6 hours. ’ Male. »Female.

Cn

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


T ab le 5.— Classification of establishments in each State by full-time hours per week and per day, 1981, by departments— ContinuedHIDE DEPARTMENT

C*G>

Full-time hours per

week

Full-time hours per day Number of establishments in—

Totalestablish

mentsMonday to Thurs

dayFriday Satur

dayCalifornia

Colorado

ConnecticutandMas-sa-

chu-setts

Floridaand

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana Iowa Kan

sasMaryland

Michigan

Minnesotaand

SouthDakota

Missouri

Nebraska

NewJerseyandNewYork

OhioandWestVirginia

Oklahoma

Oregonand

Washington

Pennsyl

vaniaTex

asWisconsin

44 88899M9

1010

88899 X 9

10 10

45 8 5 5 9 5

10

1 1 22

4941622

45 13

' i48 2 6 1 5 7 4 3 4 3

11 4 1 3

12

50 1 ii0*73-------------

54 1 1 11

1 1 155 1

160................... 1

Total 4 2 7 2 6 7 3 2 5 4 4 6 2 2 4 2 4 2 68

CASING DEPARTMENT

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G



Cnr-<I

WAGES

AND HOtTRS

OF LABOR,

1931


issij

hour

rida:

8889

* 9«9

9329339

9298829391010

*103 10

1010no39

*103 10

of establishments in each State by full-time hours per week and per day, 1981, by departments— ContinuedLARD AND OLEO-OlL DEPARTMENT

per day

Saturday

45 8 5

*5 3 41

5 *5 35

9 *938 *9 *8

5*5*534

810

*1039

*103 4

Number of establishments in—

California

Colorado

Connecticutand

Mas-sa-

chu-setts

Floridaand

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana Iowa Kan

sasMaryland

Michigan

Minnesotaand

SouthDakota

Missouri

Nebraska

NewJerseyandNewYork

OhioandWestVirginia

Oklahoma

Oregonand

Washington

Pennsyl

vaniaTex

asWisconsin

Totalestablish

ments

1 1 1 31 1 2

4 2 7 1 6 7 4 4 4 3 2 1 4 1 3 2 551 1 2

\ 1 1r ■ 1 1\ 1 1r 3 1 1 1 1 1 8\ 1 1 2

1 1I ....... 1 1

1 1\ 1 1/ — 1 1

1 1\ 1 1/ .......1 1 1

4 2 4 1 11 2 7 7 3 2 5 5 4 7 4 2 4 3 4 2 83

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


SAUSAGE DEPARTMENT44—45----48----50....50.... 49M- 62H-50....54___54___48----54....53....55.... 55-... 55—45— .55....54....58....

49K-60. . .5 4 . . . ,

5 4 . .

Total.

8 8 8 9

29 »9 *9H

.3 9 9

29 38 29 89 10 10

2 1038

2 10 3 10

10 11 2 10

3 9 * 10 3 10 2 10

39

8889

29 39 2 9> 39

9 2938 293 9 10 10

2 1038

2 10 3 10

10 11

2 1039

2 10 3 10 2 10

39

45 8 5

2 53 4> 25 35

9 29 38 29 8 8

5 15 3 5 «5 258485

210 3 4>

210 34

2 10 89

117

1 1114 2 6 7 4 4 4 1 2 1 3 1 4

12

} 1/ ------} 21

13

1 1 1 1\ 1 1)} 1J

11

} 1J} 1)

11

} 1J} 1J} 1J

4 2 4 3 11 2 7 7 2 2 5 5 4 4 4 2 4 3 5 2

3253112551

82

l Worked 10 hours Saturday for 6 months; no Saturday work the remaining 6 months; yearly average, 5 hours. * Male. * Female.

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


T able 5.—Classification of establishments in each State by full-time hours per week and per day, 1981, by departments— ContinuedCURED-MEAT DEPARTMENT—Continued

Full-time hours per day Number of establishments i n -

65-.55..55.. 54-.58..4960....54—60— .54— .

Total-

Full-time hours per

weekMonday to Thurs

dayFriday

10 10 510 10 15

2 10 2 10 253 10 3 10 34

10 10 82 10 2 10 2 10

39 3 9 » 4 M2 10 2 10 2 10

39 3 9 392 10 2 10 2 103 10 3 10 34

Saturday

California

Colorado

Connecticutand

Mas-sa-

chu-setts

Floridaand

Georgia

Illinois

Indiana Iowa Kan

sasMaryland

Michigan

Minnesotaand

SouthDakota

Missouri

Nebraska

NewJerseyandNewYork

OhioandWestVirginia

Oklahoma

Oregonand

Washington

Penn-syl:

vaniaTexas

Wisconsin

Totalestablish

ments

11

11

11

1

4 2 4 1 12 2 7 8 3 2 5 5 4 5 4 2 4 3 5 2 84

CANNING DEPARTMENT

1 , 1 21 1 1 1 1 5

2 1 7 1 6 7 4 3 4 1 2 1 2 1 4 2 481 1

1 12 2

1 1 1 1 1 51 2 1 4

1 11 1

4 4 -4 5 - 4 8 - 49H 50— 52K50.. 54—54...48... 54— 53-.55...

8 8 48 8 58 8 89 9 4 H9 9 5

2 9 H 29 M 2539 39 35

9 9 929 29 2938 «8 3829 29 2939 39 3810 10 5

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKING


o>

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


Changes in Hours and Wage RatesThe 1931 study covered 90 establishments. Between November

1 , 1929, and the period (October, November, and December) of the study in 1931, full-time hours were not changed in any establishment, and wage rates were reduced in 68 and not changed in 22 establishments.

Table 6 shows the number of establishments in which rates were reduced, the wage earners affected, and the reduction in per cent or in cents per hour.

Rates were reduced in 3 establishments in 1930 and in 65 in 1931. Rates of all wage earners in 41 establishments were reduced 10 per cent; of those in the sausage department of 1 establishment 20 per cent, and of those in the cured-meat department of the same establishment 11.1 per cent.

6 2 SLAUGHTERING AND MEAT PACKING

T a b l e 6 .— Changes in wage rates between November 1, 1929, and the period of the1931 study

Number of

Reduction

establish

mentsWage earners whoso rates were reduced

Per cent Cents p e r hour

1 A ll............................................................................................................................................................... 841 Do................................................................................................................. 101 All except masons and bricklayers_____________________________________ 106 Those at hourly and weekly rates______________________________________ 101 Those at hourly rates_________________________________________________ 101 All except a few key men whose rates were under consideration for adjust

ment at time of study in 1931_____________ __________ ____________________________ 101 /Those a t weekly rates_________________________________________________ 10

\Those at hourly rates, except a few___ _________________________________ 51 /Those at weekly rates_________________________________________________ 5

\Those at hourly rates_________________________________________________ 10/Those at weekly rates__________________________________ ______________ 101 \ Those at hourly rates_________________________________________________ 6 .7

1 /Those at weekly rates.________________________________________________ 10VThose at hourly rates_____________________ _________ __________________ 8 .69

1 All....................................................................................................................... 10.1/Those a t weekly rates________________________________________________ 101 1 Those a t hourly and piece rates________________________________________ 112

1 All................................... .................................................................................. 1121 A few a t weekly rates_________________________________________________ 12

/Males_______________________________________________________________ * 121 \Females_____________________________________________________________ 114/Those at weekly rates_________________________________________________ 101 [Those at hourly rates_________________________________________________ 15/Those a t weekly a n d piece rates_______________________________________ *51 \A11............................................................................................................................................................... U0/Those in the sausage department______________________________________ 201 [Those in the cured-meat department___________________________________ 11.1

1Those at weekly and piece rates and those at hourly rates receiving 50 cents

or more per hour. ___________________ ____________________________ 10Those at hourly rates receiving less than 50 cents per hour________________ 5Those males at weekly and piece rates and those males receiving more than

55 cents per hour___________________________________________________ 101 Those males at hourly rates receiving 55 cents or less per hour____________ 5 .5Females_____________________________________________________________ 4 5Piece workers in service less than 18 months____________________________ * 18.5Piece workers ____________ ____________ _________ ___________________ 812.5Those at hourly rates in service less than 18 months_____________________ •5

1 Skilled labor.............................................. ....................................................... 83Semiskilled labor_________________________ __________________________ 86Unskilled labor__________________ - ...... ................- ....................................... 15 to 7Those at weekly rates_________________________________________________ «10

1 Those at 40 cents or more per hour_______ ___________________________ 21 Not reported_________________________________________________________ («)

68

i Average individual percentages varied. 8 In April, 1931. • In October, 1931.< For those at 27 H cents or more per hour, but decreasing from 5 to nothing for those at 22.5 cents or lea

per hour.* In July, 1930. • Not reported.


Pay for Overtime, 1931Overtime or extra time is any time worked in excess of the regular

full-time hours per day or per week as defined on page 48. Work on Sunday and holidays is considered as overtime only when done by wage earners whose regular hours do not provide for work on those days. In some plants each hour of overtime actually worked was paid for at an increased rate of one and one-fourth, one and one-half, or two times the regular rate per horn*, while in others, each hour of overtime was given a credit on the pay rolls of 1%, 1J4, or 2 hours. The one-quarter, one-half, or one hour excess credited for each hour of overtime is commonly known as boosted time. All such boosted time was eliminated to get the hours actually worked.

Table 7 shows the regular hours of operation per day and per week for all or a majority of the wage earners of each of the 90 plants that were included in the 1931 study of the industiy. The regular hours of a few wage earners or departments were different from the hours shown in the table for such plants. The number of plants that pay the regular rate for overtime on week days and for extra work on Sunday and holidays, and those that pay a higher or extra rate for overtime after a specified number of hours per day or week and for extra work on Sunday and holidays, are also shown in the table, as are the wage earners affected.

In some plants the regular rate was paid for each hour of overtime until a certain number of hours per day or week had been worked by a wage earner. Example: The regular hours of the wage earner were 8 per day and 48 per week, but the higher rate for overtime was not paid except for time worked in excess of 10 hours per day or 52 per week, the 2 hours of overtime per day being paid for at the regular rate. (See line 7 in Table 7.)

The rate for overtime on week days was the same as for regular working time in 47 plants, one and one-fourth times the regular rate in 1 plant, and one and one-half times the regular rate in 42 plants. The rate for extra work on Sunday and holidays was the same as for regular working time in 42 plants, one and one-fourth times the regular rate in 2 plants, one and one-half times the regular rate in 16 plants, Mid two times the regular rate in 30 plants.

In this industry work on Sunday and holidays is not frequent and is limited to a very small per cent of the wage earners of a plant, usually to mechanics in the maintenance and repair department, who repair equipment and buildings.

WAGES AND HOTJRS OF LABOR, 1931 63


m-of

ab-h-DtS

3211

201173111111361

1

1111

1

, hours before overtime begins, and rate of pay for overtime and for work on Sunday and holidays, 1931

)f work over-

>egins

Perweek

Number of establishments that—

Pay for overtime at—

Regularrate

Oneandone-

quartertimes

regularrate

Oneandone-half

timesregular

rate

Pay for work on Sunday and holidays at—

Regularrate

Oneandone-

quartertimes

regularrate

Oneandone-half

timesregular

rate

Twotimes

regularrate

Wage earners entitled

55 20 20

All.Do.Do.

All except janitors.All.All in the hog-killing and sausage departments, and cujring (cellar)a T up-

Do.All at hourly rates.All except elevator operators and the car-icing gang.All except the icing gang and shift men.All except scalers and those in the hide department.All except elevator operators, icemen, temperature men, those in the

edible renderings group, and salaried workers.All except those in the maintenance and repair department.

Do.All at hourly rates.All except yard laborers and part of the scalers.All except those in the hide department, sheep-casing and freezer

groups, janitors, and clean-up men.All in the hide department, sheep-casing and freezer groups.Janitors and clean-up men.

54

55

All.All in the maintenance and repair department, except laborers.All except those in the maintenance and repair department, where a

higher rate is paid only when workers are called back after regular hours.

All.

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


1

11

11

111

1111111111111

90

* F(« W

54

42 42 16 30

Do.All except 1 laborer in the cured-meat and 1 in the maintenance and

repair departments.All.All in the maintenance and repair department.All.All except tank men, skimmers, and smokers.All.

Do.All in the maintenance and repair department.All.

Do.Do.Do.

All in the killing gangs.All at hourly rates.All.

Do.Do.

All except a few who have a 10-hour day agreement All.

Do.Do.Do.Do.Do.

All on week days, but only workers in the maintenance and repair department on Sunday and holidays.

All.Do.Do.

when they work straight through; boosted rate when they return after supper.

ls; the remaining 6 months no Saturday work; yearly average 5 hours.

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931



Guaranteed Hours of Pay Per WeekGuaranteed hours of pay per week assure to all or certain wage

earners in an establishment pay at their regular rates for a specified number of hours each week in which they actually worked less than the guaranteed hours per week. To be entitled to guaranteed pay it was necessary for the wage earners to report daily for duty, accept work offered, and work all the hours of operation on each day or in each week. In the study in 1931 it was found that while the plan was still considered in effect in a number of establishments, it was suspended by special agreement between such establishments and their wage earners to prevent lay-off. The principle of guaranteed hours of pay is much more extensive and general in this than in any other major industry.

Table 8 shows the number of establishments covered in the study, those that did not and those that did guarantee pay for a certam number of hours per week, and the wage earners entitled to such pay. Of the 73 establishments shown in line 1 of the table, 38 did not and 35 did guarantee pay for a specified number of hours per week, the hours oi guaranteed pay per week in the latter plants being 30 in 1, 35 in another, and 40 in 33.

T a b l e 8 .— Guaranteed hours of pay per week, and wage earners entitled, byestablishments, 1931

Number of establishments that—

Number of estab

Donot

Guarantee pay per week of—Wage earners entitled

lishments

guarantee hours of pay

30hours

35hours

37Hhours

40hours

44hours

48hours

60hours

73 38 1 1 33 All.1 1 All in the killing, cutting, offal, and casing

departments.Floor men, splitters, and rumpers in the cat-

tie-killing department.All, except those in the sheep-killing and calf-

killing, lard and oleo-oil, and maintenance and repair departments, and laborers in the hide department.

All in the killing, offal, casing, and cutting or fresh-pork departments, and beef-cooler group.

All except pieceworkers.All in the hog-killing and sausage depart

ments, and cellar (including dry salt and sweet pickle) group.

All hide droppers in the cattle-killing department.

Splitters in the cattle-killing department.All except cartmen in the maintenance and

repair department.Cartmen in the maintenance and repair de

partment.All except luggers in the cutting or fresh-beef

department.Luggers in the cutting or fresh-beef depart

ment.All in the killing gang.Beef butchers, beef boners, hog-ham trim

mers, hog splitters, hog gutters, belly trimmers, shoulder trimmers, loin pullers, tank men, and janitors.

2 21 1

1 1

1 11 1

11

11

11

r 66 { a1 11 1


Bonus and Penalty SystemsA bonus system is an arrangment by which the earnings of all or a

certain part of the wage earners in an establishment at basic rates would be increased under certain conditions. In the study of the industry in 1931 it was found that 44 of the 90 plants covered had bonus systems in operation. These provided for the payment of a stated amount or a specified per cent of earnings at basic rates for production in excess of a set standard; for production by the saving of time by the completion of a job or a certain amount of work in less than the time allotted to it; for efficiency in quality of work done; or for attendance during a specified period of time.

Table 9 shows the number of establishments that had bonus systems in operation, the kind or basis, the wage earners entitled, the amount of bonus, and when and how bonus was earned.

In 35 plants a production or time-saving bonus only was paid to part or all of the wage earners for doing work of a set standard in less than the stated period of time allowed for it. Some of the establishments provided for the payment at regular hourly rates of all of the time saved and others for only a portion of the time saved. Example: A standard of 50 hours was set for the completion of a certain job or piece of work. A wage earner completed the work in 40 hours, thereby saving 10 hours. He was paid for the 40 hours that he actually worked and also a bonus for all of the 10 hours saved. In another plant he would have been paid for the 40 hours worked and also for only 80 per cent of the 10 hours saved.

WAGES AND HOURS OP I*ABOR, 1931 67

Table 9.—Bonus and penalty systems of 44 establishments, 1981

Number of establish

mentsKind of bonus Wage earners who may

earn bonus Amount of bonus Bonus earned—

1

1

Production or time saving.

____do...............

All except in the maintenance and repair department.

Key men in cattle-killing and sheep-killing departments.

All in casing, lard, and sausage departments, and dry-salt cellar, hog’s head curing, packing and smokehouse groups.

All...................................

All time saved at regular rate.

....... do..............................

When set standard is completed in less than allotted time.

Do.

1 ____do________ ....... do.............................. Do.

1 .......do___ i ____ 80 per cent of time saved at regular rate.

____do.............................Do.

1 .......do________ All except in the maintenance and repair department, ja n itors , and elevator men.

All except inspectors, pumpers, and graders, in cured-meat department.

All in cattle-killing, hog- killing, sheep and calf killing, offal, casing, sausage departments, and sliced-bacon and smokehouse groups.

All except in the killing departments.

All except in the killing and maintenance and repair departments.

All in the cutting—fresh- beef department.

Do.

1 ....... do............... ____do.............................. Do.

1 ....... do............... ____do.............................. Do.

1 .......do............... ____do________________ Do.1 ____do________ ....... do_________ —_____ Do.

1 ....... do............... ....... do________________ Do.


T able 9.— Bonus and penalty systems of 44 establishments, 1981—Continued


Number of establish

mentsKind cf bonus Wage earners who may


1

1


____do________

All in the hide and sausage departments, cooler ana smokehouse groups.

All in the hide, casing, lard and oleo-oil, sausage, and cured-meat departments; tonguers in the cutting—fresh- beef department; sliced - bacon group; luggers; pork trimmers and pork packers; packing-house loading dock; and in the cooper repair shop.

All in the offal, casing, cutting — fresh-pork, lard and oleo-oil, and cured - meat departments.

All in the killing, offal, hides, casing, sausage and cured-meat departments; cooler men and packers in the cutting—fresh-beef department; cooler men, trimmers, and packers in cutting—fresh-pork department; lard workers in lard and oleo-oil department; and slicers of bacon.

All in the hide, casing, lard, sausage, cured- meats, and canning departments; packers in offal department; calf skinners; loaders and cooler men in cutting—fresh-beef de- p a r t m e n t ; ham boners, and all females in cutting—fresh-pork department.

All in the lard department, pork-trimming, green and cured hog- casing, pork-packing, ham-boning, smoked- meat, sliced - meats, sweet - pickle, and dried-salt pack in g

J T t _____________

80 per cent of time saved at regular rate.

....... do..............................


Do.

1 ____do________ ____do________________ Do.

1 .......do________ ....... do.............................. Do.

l ..._do............... ____do.............................. Do.

1 ____do__-____ _ ____do._______________ Do.

2 .......do............... 75 per cent of time saved at regular rate.

____do________________Do.

7 ___do________ All except in the maintenance and repair department.

All in 12 of the 13 departments covered in the study, and coopers only in the thirteenth or maintenance and repair department.

All except yard laborers and part of the scalers.

All except elevator operators and a few working foremen.

All except salaried employees.

All in the sheep-killing and calf-killing, offal, casing, hide, and cutting—fresh-beef departments.

Do.

3 ___ do________ ____do-.................... ........ Do.

1 .......do............... ....... do.............................. Do.1 .......do............... ____do........ - .............. .... Do.

1 ....... do............... ____do____ ___________ Do.1 .......do............... ____do________________ Do.


T a b l e 9.— Bonus and penalty systems of 44 establishments, 1981— Continued


Number of establish

ments

1

11

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

Kind of bonus Wage earners who may earn bonus Amount of bonus Bonus earned-


...... do.............----- do.............

Production..

. ... .d o ..........

— do—.........

Efficiency..

Efficiency and penalty.

Efficiency..

G r o u p efficiency.

Efficiency..

1 Group penalty. Penalty.._____

All in the hog-killing department, hog fancy- meats, hog-cooler, hog- casin g fatters, and hog’s head b e n c h

. truckers and elevator operators.

All in the lard and oleo- oil, and sausage departments; boiled - ham, smoked-meats, and sliced - meats groups; coopers and coopers’ helpers.

Female trimmers in the cutting — fresh-pork department.

All dry salters in the cured-meat department.

All hog-casing pullers, strippers, and dean- ing-machine operators.

Floormen, fell cutters and rumpers, backers, clearers-out, and hide droppers.

Floormen, rumpers and hide droppers, and backers.

Siders, backers, rumpers, fell cutters, foot ana shank skinners, and hide droppers.

Floormen, headers, loggers, rumpers, backers, and hide droppers.

Shoulder boners..

Rippers-open and gutters.

Bung droppers-------------



An extra hour’s pay each day to each trimmer at regular rate.

50 cents for each 100 pounds packed over set standard.

1 cent to each puller, stripper, and operator for each 1/100 foot over average set standard feet per set of casings.

$1 per week to each worker.

Bonus: For each perfect hide of 0.8 cents to each floorman; of 0.6 cents to each romper and hide dropper; and of 0.4 cents to each backer. Penalty: 50 cents for each hide in which worker makes cuts.

$1 per week to each worker.

cent per hide, prorated.

AH cents per hour..

2 cents per hour__

.do..

Floormen, fell cutters and rumpers, backers, clearers-out, and hide droppers.

All cattle skinners..

Bonus of $1 per week to each worker.

Penalty of 50 cents for each hide, prorated.

Penalty of M hour’s pay.


Do.Do.

When trimming of trimmings is completed on each day before closing time.

When amount packed in allotted time is more than set standard.

When production in pay period in average number of feet per set of hog casings is in excess of a standard average.

When in 1 week cuts in hides by a floorman do not exceed 0.47 per cent; by a fell cutter or a rum per do not exceed 0.42 per cent; by a backer do not exceed 0.20 per cent; and by a clearer-out or a hide dropper do not exceed 0.43 per cent.

When floorman, rumper, hide dropper, or backer makes no cut in a hide. Penalty assessed when worker makes cuts in hides.

When cuts in hides in week by a worker do not exceed one-half of 1 per cent of total number of hides.

When cuts or scores in hides in pay period are less than 1H per cent of total number of hides taken from animals in the period.

When less than one-half pound of meat is left on neck bones of each hog.

When less than 1H per cent of bungs are mutilated.

When less than three- fourths of 1 per cent of hog bungs are mutilated.

When in week cuts in hides by a floorman do not exceed 0.47 per cent; by a fell-cutter or a rumper do not exceed 0.40 per cent: by a backer do not exceed 0.20 per cent; by a clearer- out or a hide dropper do not exceed 0.43 per cent

Penalty assessed for cuts or scores in hides.

Penalty assessed for each failure to punch time clock.


T a b l e 9*— Bonus and penalty systems of 44 establishments, 1981—C on tin u ed


Number of establish

mentsKind of bonus Wage earners who may


Special wage earners in cattle-killing, cutting— fresh-beef, and casing departments.

Special wage earners in hide department.

All except special wage earners in cattle-kiil- ing, cutting—fresh- beef, casing, and hide departments.

$1.80 per week_________ Perfect attendance.

(Attendance___$1.57 per week_________ Do.1

Production or Not reported__________ When set stan d ard Istime saving. completed in less than

allotted time.

Indexes of Employment and of Pay RollsTable 10 presents index numbers of employment and of pay rolls in

the industry for each month and year from January, 1923, to December, 1931. These indexes are as published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in monthly reports on “ Trend of employment” in the United States.

During the period covered by the table, employment, by months, was highest in December, 1923, with an index of 132.6 and lowest in August, 1931, with an index of 88.2. Pay rolls were highest at 129.7 in December, 1923, and lowest at 82.9 in November, 1931.

Indexes of employment ranged, by years, from a low of 90.8 in 1931 to a high of 122.9 in 1923, and of pay rolls ranged from a low of 89.8 in 1931 to a high of 118.4 in 1923.T a b l e 10.— Indexes of employment and of pay rolls, January, 1928, to December,

1981, by month and year [Average for 1926=100]

Employmentjviontn

1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931

January_________ _ 121.5 129.1 116.8 106.5 103.7 100.4 105.9 103.7 96.6February_________ 116.2 124.0 110.8 102.3 101.6 103.1 103.4 102.7 94.0March____________ 114.7 118.6 104.7 97.5 97.3 100.7 98.3 97.8 90.2April........................ 114.3 113.1 98.3 93.6 95.2 96.8 96.3 95.2 89.4May........ ........... .... 118.2 111. 0 98.5 95.6 96.3 95.8 97.8 95.8 90.6June......................... 121.5 111.8 101.4 97.9 102.7 99.0 100.1 98.6 90.2July......................... 124.6 113.1 102.5 98.8 102.7 99.4 102.9 96.8 89.1August___________ 125.6 111.2 102.3 99.8 98.5 97.2 99.9 94.3 88.2September_______ 126.2 110.4 102.3 100.4 98.4 96.6 100.6 94.3 88.3October____ ______ 128.1 108.8 102.9 101.5 97.8 97.8 101.4 94.1 89.0November_______ 131.0 112.0 105.8 102.0 98.9 100.9 101.8 95.5 90.4December________ 132.6 118.6 106.4 103.7 101.2 105.9 105.0 96.1 93.3

Average_____ 122.9 115.1 104.4 100.0 99.5 99.5 101.0 97.1 90.8

Pay rolls

January__________ 117.2 122.4 115.5 106.6 103.8 101.5 108.4 106.6 101.7February_________ 108.8 118.2 107.9 100.6 99.4 105.4 103.9 104.4 96.3March____________ 110.4 113.0 100.7 96.8 95.4 101.1 97.9 99.0 90.2April........................ 112.3 106.7 94.3 92.4 94.7 95.5 98.0 98.8 90.0May......................... 114.0 108.2 97.2 96.3 98.3 96.4 99.6 99.9 91.6June____ _________ 119.3 109.8 100.8 98.9 103.7 101.5 103.2 102.4 91.0July......................... 120.1 111.6 100.8 98.8 104.4 101.4 105.2 100.7 89.5August.................... 118.1 106.0 100.2 97.9 99.1 96.8 101.1 96.8 86.5September________ 120.5 106.2 96.9 102.0 99.2 98.8 104.2 98.9 85.3October........ .......... 121.7 105.6 102.8 101.7 98.1 99.5 103.8 97.6 84.9November............. 128.4 111.5 107.2 103.2 99.6 103.3 1014 98.9 82.9December................ 129.7 121.9 106.9 105.2 102.7 110.3 108.4 98.6 87.1

Average_____ 118.4 111.8 102.6 100.0 99.9 101.0 103.2 100.2 89.8


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 71Scope and Method

The work in this industry begins with the driving of live cattle, hogs, sheep, lambs, and calves into the killing departments a,nd ends only when every process necessary to convert the animals into the various meat products and by-products have been completed. The work varies so that it is necessary that hours and earnings be shown separately for each of the 13 departments studied. Data were not included in this report for officials, clerks, salesmen, power-house employees, foremen, employees of box factories, brush, cooper, tin, or other shops in which products are entirely new, nor for employees of butterine, mincemeat, produce, extract, soap, curled hair, wool, bone, and fertilizer departments.

The departments and occupations are described in Bulletin No. 472

ot all departments and occupations are found in every plant, nor are both sexes, as will be seen, for example, in reading the 1931 figures in Table 1 (p. 3), for “ total males” and “ total females” in the cattle-killing department. Data for that department are for 3,087 males of 77 plants and for only 16 females of 5 plants. The 1931 study covered a total of 90 plants, but 12 of them did no cattle killing. In one plant the cattle, too few in number for such a department, were slaughtered by employees of the hog-killing department. All data for cattle killing in this plant are included in that for the ho^-killing department because employees worked the greater part of their time in that department.

The 1931 data used in compiling this report were taken directly from the pay rolls and other records of 44 of the most important plants of the four large packing companies and from 46 plants of other companies, and except for 6 plants, are for a weekly pay period in October or November. The bureau here expresses its appreciation of the cooperation and courtesy extended by all of these companies.

In selecting establishments from which to obtain data, the bureau undertook to represent all States in which the industry is of material importance, the measure of importance being the number of wage earners as reported by the United States Census of Manufactures.

The actual number of establishments and of wage earners covered in each State in 1931 is shown in Table 1 1 . For comparison, the figures as reported by the United States Census of Manufactures for 1929, the latest year for which figures are available, are also shown. Based on the 1929 census 96 per cent of the wage earners in the industry are located in the 26 States covered by the bureau, and the number covered in this report is 44 per cent of the total number in all States.

Average days on which wage earners worked in one week were computed by dividing the total of the days on which such wage earners actually worked in the week by the number of such employees. In computing the average each full day or part of a day on which a wage earner did any work in the week was counted as a day.

Average full-time hours per week for the wage earners in an occupation were computed by dividing their combined full-time hours per week by the number of wage earners in the occupation. The fulltime hours per week of each wage earner were used in arriving at this average, even though some may have worked more or less man

131-163).



full time because they had entered or left the service during the week, or because of overtime, sickness, disability, or some other cause.

Average hours actually worked in one week for the wage earners in an occupation were computed by dividing the total of their hours actually worked in the week by the number of such employees.

Average earnings per hour for the wage earners in an occupation were computed by dividing their total earnings in one week by the total hours that were actually worked by such earners in the week.

Average full-time earnings per week for the wage earners in an occupation were computed by multiplying the average earnings per hour for such wage earners by their average full-time hours per week. This average represents what the employees would have earned if all of them had worked full time in the week and at the same average earnings per hour as in the time they actually worked.

Average actual earnings in one week for the wage earners in an occupation were computed by dividing their total or aggregate earnings m the week by the number of such wage earners.

T able 11.—Number of wage earners in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry in the United States according to the United States Census of Manufactures for 1929, and number of establishments and wage earners for which data are shown for 1981, by States

State

Number of wage earn

ers reported by United

States Census Bureau

for 19291

Establish wage < which shown reau of tistics f

Number of estab

lishments

iments and iarners for data are

by the Bu- Labor Sta- or 1931

Number of wage earn

ers

California..................................... 3,858 4 1,146Colorado....................................... 1,497 2 609Connecticut and Massachusetts. . *2,989 4 1,113Florida and Georgia.—....... ........ 719 3 213Illinois.......................................... 29,618 14 13,466Indiana......................................... 4,976 2 1,825Iowa............................................. 8,663 7 6,252Kansas......................................... 9,068 8 5,781Maryland..................................... 1,753 3 618Michigan...................................... 2,286 2 772Minnesota and South Dakota. — 8,732 5 6,311Missouri........ .............................. 5,614 5 2,665Nebraska...................................... 6,037 4 4,125New Jersey and New York......... 10,095 7 2,617Ohio and West Virginia.............. * 6,427 4 1,024Oklahoma..................................... <1,857 2 865Oregon and Washington.............. 1,929 4 613Pennsylvania............................... 5,232 3 573Texas............................................ 3,650 5 1,614Wisconsin..................................... 2,893 2 1,353All other States......................... 4,612

| Total................................... 122,505 90 53,555

t Not including wage earners ia establishments each of which had annual production valued at less than $5,000.

* Includes 2 establishments in New Hampshire and 1 in Vermont, the figures being so included by the United States Census Bureau.

*Includes 7 establishments in Delaware, the figures being so included by the United States Census Bureau.

* Includes 2 establishments in North Dakota, the figures being so included by the United States Census Bureau.


Importance of the IndustryThe slaughtering and meat-packing industry is the largest engaged

in the production of food products and is also one of the largest and most important industries in the United States. According to the census report the value of products in this industry in 1929 was $3,434,654,098. Consumers of cattle, hog, sheep and lamb, and calf products living in the large cities and great industrial centers are entirely dependent, and many of those living in the rural districts are to a very great extent dependent upon the large packing companies for meat and meat-food products. The large companies have at all times great quantities of fresh and cured meats and other meat-food supplies in storage at the plants in which the animals are slaughtered and in which the meat and by-products are cured and prepared for food. They also have large branch storage houses in practically all of the important cities throughout the country, always well supplied to meet the demands of the local retail market. Refrigerator cars, owned, operated, and repaired by these large packing companies, have regular routes, delivering to branch storage houses or to retailers in towns and villages in which there is no storage.

Inspection of animals, carcasses, meats, etc., is made by employees of the Bureau of Animal Industry of the Department of Agriculture in all establishments.for which data are shown in this report. This inspection is made to protect the public from diseased, unclean, or unwholesome meat and meat-food products. A full description of such inspection appears in Bulletin No. 252 (p. 64).

The figures in Table 12 were compiled from the United States census reports. They show the importance of the industry and its growth during the period 1899 to 1929.



Table 12.— Establishments, cost of materials, value of product, wage earners, earnings, and number and dressed weight of animals slaughtered in each specified year, 1899 to 1929, and per cent of increase, 1914, 1919, 1921, 1928, 1925, 1927, and 1929

[From report of United States census]

Year

1899..........1904..........1909..........1914..........1919..........1921..........1923_____1925..........1927 1929

i

Number of establish

ments1

882 929

1,221 1,279 1,304 1,184 1,397 1,269 1,250 1,277

Cost of materials,

principally

livestock (in millions)

$682 806

1,191 1,442 3,783 1,868 2,176 2,625 2,664 2,974

Value of all products (in

millions)

$784 914

1,356 1,652 4,246 2,201 2,586 3,050 3,057 3,435

Valueadded

bymanufacture

(tomillions)

$102108164210463333410425393461

Valueadded

bymanufacture

perwage

earner

$1,487 1,458 1,869 2,128 2,878 2,843 3,086 3,530 3,304 3,759

Average number of wage earners

Amount paid to

68,386 74,134 87,813 98,832

160,996 117,042 132,792 120,422 119,095 122,505

earners(in

millions)

$33405062

209153168159162166

Average yearly

earnings of wage earners

$488.29 543.97 573.99 628.70

1,301.21 1,306.39 1,261.89 1,323.31 1,356.76 1,353.96

Pounds, dressed

weight, of cattle, hogs,

sheep, lambs, and calves (in millions)

Numberslaughtered

8,894 9,741

10,371 10,098 13,435 12,237 15,641 14,455 14,616 15,155

Cattle

Pounds,dressedweight

(i??millions)

5,525,824 7,147,835 8,114,860 7,149,042

10,818,511 8,263,575

10,178,496 10,853,921 10,724,823 9, 547,636

3,2234,0664,4103,7865,1194,3585,1515,4345,3734,849

Hogs

Numberslaughtered

30,595,522 30,977,639 33,870,616 34,441,913 44,520,726 40,726,780 57,018,292 48,072,511 47,492,302 53,702,372


(inmil

lions)

5,2035,0495,2025,4767,3596,8739,4397,8658,0999,154

Sheep and lambs

Numberslaughtered


millions)

9,110,172 10,875,339 12,288,725 15,943,743 13,497,300 14,767, 770 13,193,856 13,616,405 14,388,643 15,688,943

Calves

Pounds,Numberslaughtered

389 883,857 79465 1,568,130 161497 2,504,728 262630 2,019,004 206500 4,395,675 457568 4,314,850 438515 5,100,012 536532 5,775,640 624557 5,476,707 588611 5,208,732 540

weightmil

lions)

Per cent of increase- Per cent of increase-

Item 1914over1899

1919over1899

1921over1899

1923over1899

1925over1899

1927over1899

1929over1899

Item 1914over1899

1919over1899

1921over1899

1923over1899

1925over1899

1927over1899

1929over1899

Number of establishments.. 45 48 34 58 44 42 45 Number of cattle slaughtered._____ ___________ 29 96 50 84 96 94 73Cost of materials, principally livestock..................Value of all products, including value added by

manufacture _____ _____111 455 174 219 285 291 336 Pounds, dressed weight, cattle_________________ 17 59 35 60 69 67 50

Number of hogs slaughtered___________________ 13 46 33 86 57 55 76111 442 181 230 289 290 338 Pounds, dressed weight, hogs__________________ 5 41 32 81 51 56 76

Average number of wage earners....— . . . . . . . . _ 45 135 71 94 76 74 79 Number of sheep and lambs slaughtered._______ 75 48 62 45 49 58 72Amount paid to wage earners ________. . . ___ 88 533 364 409 382 391 403 Pounds, dressed weight, sheep and lambs_______ 62 29 46 32 37 43 57Average yearly fflrniTiga of wage earners 29 166 168 158 171 178 177 Number of calves slaughtered__________________ 128 397 388 477 553 520 489Pounds, dressed weight, of cattle, hogs, sheep,

lambs, and calves___________________________Pounds, dressed weight, calves__________ —____ 161 478 454 578 690 644 584

14 51 38 76 63 64 70

08PP>d§§Bo

i Data for plants with products under $5,000 in value included tor years prior to 1921 but not for subsequent years.

AND MEAT

PACKING


General TablesIn addition to the text tables; already shown, five general tables,

which show the data in detail, are presented. In these tables segregation of information is made by districts as follows:

District 1 includes 11 plants in Chicago, 111.District 2 includes 17 plants in East St. Louis, 111.; Kansas City,

Kans.; St. Joseph and St. Louis, M o.; and Omaha, Nebr.District 3 includes 17 plants in Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, South

Dakota, and Wisconsin.District 4 includes 7 plants in Oklahoma and Texas.District 5 includes 13 plants in Indiana, Michigan, western New

York, Ohio, western Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.District 6 includes 9 plants in Connecticut, Massachusetts, New

Jersey, eastern New York, and eastern Pennsylvania.District 7 includes 6 plants in Florida, Georgia, and Maryland.District 8 includes 10 plants in California, Colorado, Oregon, and

Washington.Table A .— Average days on which wage earners worked, average

full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, by department, occupation, sex, and district.

This table shows for each occupation and district all of the various averages which have been computed from the data collected in 1931. The method of computing each average is given under “ Scope and method” (p. 71).

The presentation in this table in parallel columns of “ average fulltime hours per week” and “ average hours actually worked in one week” is for the purpose of easy comparison of the average hours actually worked in one week with the hours that would have been worked in one week had all employees in the occupation worked no more nor less than full time. One shows the average full-time hours per week under normal conditions, while the other shows the average hours actually worked in one week by all employees in the occupation. The next column shows the per cent that the average hours actually worked in the week is of the average full-time hours per week.

Tables B, C, D , and E are (distribution tables and are limited to 30 representative occupations in 9 departments.

Table B .—Average and classified earnings per hour in 30 specified occupations, 1931, by department, sex, and district.

Table C .—Average and classified full-time hours per week in 30 specified occupations, 1931, by department, sex, and district.

Table D .— Average and classified hours actually worked in one week in 30 specified occupations, 1931, by department, sex, and district.

Table E. —Average and classified actual earnings in one week in 30 specified occupations, 1931, by department, sex, and district.




T a b l e A.—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours ana earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district

[District 1, Chicago. District 2, Kansas City. Omaha, St. Joseph, St. Louis, and East St. Louis. District 3, Austin (Minn.), Cedar Rapids, Des Moines.Mason City, Milwaukee, Ottumwa, Sioux City, Sioux Falls, South St. Paul, Topeka, Waterloo, and Wichita. District 4, Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston, and Oklahoma City. District 5, Buffalo, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Detroit, Indianapolis, Pittsburgh, and Wheeling. District 6, Boston, New Haven, New York, Philadelphia, and Springfield (Mass.). District 7, Baltimore, Jacksonville, and Moultrie. District 8, Denver, Los Angeles, Portland, San Francisco, Seattle, and Tacoma]


Sex, occupation, and districtNumber of establish

ments

i


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week

Average full- !timehoursper

week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof

fulltimehoursactually

worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

MALESDrivers and penners:

District 1__......................... . 6 23 6.0 48.8 51.1 104.7 $0,497.450

$24.25 $25.3920.79District 2....... ........................ 12 22 5.5 48.0 46.2 96.3 21.60

District 3................................ 8 10 6.1 50.6 52.3 103.4 .433 21.91 22.65District 4....... .............. ......... 3 5 5.6 47.2 42.6 90.3 .480 22.66 20.45District 5.......... .................... 6 7 6.0 49.8 48.7 97.8 .398 19.82 19.39District 6_________ ________ 3 8 5.3 50.3 41.8 83.1 .494 24.85 20.65District 7_________________ 2 3 6.0 54.7 54.1 98.9 .495 27.08 26.78District 8__________ _______ 7 11 6.1 47.9 57.9 120.9 .466 22.32 26.97

Total— .............................. 47 89 5.8 49.0 49.5 101.0 .465 22.79 23.01Knockers:

District 1................................ 7 10 5.8 48.7 50.1 102.9 .536 26.10 26.88District 2________ _ 13 20 5.2 48.3 41.6 86.1 .461 22.27 19.14District 3............................... 15 16 5.7 49.7 45.7 92.0 .496 24.65 22.65District 4............................... 6 8 5.0 47.8 39.0 81.6 .520 24.86 20.27District 5....................... ........ 6 6 4.2 51.1 27.1 53.0 .479 24.48 12.97District 7.................. ............. 2 2 6.0 52.0 52.0 100.0 .375 19.50 19.50District 8....... ....................... 9 9 5.8 47.7 50.7 106.3 .532 25.38 26.95

Total............................ . 58 71 5.4 48.9 43.6 89.2 .496 24.25 21.63Shacklers or slingers:

District 1— ............... ......... 5 11 5.4 49.5 47.5 96.0 .448 22.18 21.27District 2..... ......................... 8 14 4.9 48.0 39.8 82.9 .434 20.83 17.24District 3............................ . 7 10 5.5 49.2 41.5 84.3 .425 20.91 17.65District 4.............................. . 3 4 5.0 47.0 38.6 82.1 .409 19.22 15.78District 5_________________ 5 6 4.3 49.8 26.8 53.8 .486 24.20 13.00District 6................... ........... 3 7 4.3 50.6 29.6 58.5 .952 48.17 28.14District 7................................ 1 (>)

3(*)6.0 (l)48.0

(*)53.3

0)111.0

(*).374

(l)17.95 0)

19.92District 8............................ 3Total................................... 35 56 5.0 49.1 39.4 80.2 .479 23.52 18.90

Head holders:District 1.............................. . 2 2 6.0 46.5 50.3 108.2 .442 20.55 22.20District 6.................. ............. 3 5 4.0 50.4 29.3 58.1 .710 35.78 20.81

Total................................... 5 7 4.6 49.3 35.3 71.6 .601 29.63 21.21Stickers:

District 1..... ......................... 4 6 5.8 48.5 48.8 100.6 .552 26.77 26.96District 2............................... 8 10 4.8 48.0 38.0 79.2 .583 27.98 22.15

24.190)24.52

District 3— ............ .......... . 6 7 5.7 48.9 47.2 96.5 .513 25.09District 4________ _________District 5____________ _____

15

«10

(l)5.6

0)52.2(l)45.0

(x)86.2 (*)

.5460)

28.50District 7............................ 1 0)

50)6.0

(1) 48.0 (l)48.9 (l)101.9 0).507

C1)24.34 (>)24.77District 8.._............ .............. 4

Total.................................. 29 40 5.4 49.4 43.9 88.9 .542 26.77 23.80

1 Data included in total.


T a b l e A.—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued




ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

hales—continuedHeaders:

District 1......................... . 6 17 5.8 49.2 50.9 103.5 $0,595.565

$29.2727.23

$30.2722.84District 2............................ 14 26 5.2 48.2 40.4 83.8

District 3.................... .......... 12 21 5.5 49.1 41.5 84.5 .578 28.38 23.97District 4............................... 6 8 5.1 47.8 40.3 84.3 .504 24.09 20.34District 5................................ 8 8 5.0 51.9 34.9 67.2 .661 34.31 23.09District 6............................ . 3 5 3.8 51.6 27.3 52.9 .841 43.40 22.97District 7....... ........................ 2 2 5.0 55.0 44.9 81.6 .504 27.72 22.65District 8................................ 8 8 5.6 47.6 45.9 96.4 .653 31.08 30.00

Total................................... 59 95 5.3 49.1 41.9 85.3 .592 29.07 24.83Droppers and pritchers-up:

District 1............................... 3 10 5.7 49.8 49.7 99.8 .438 21.8122.12

21.76District 2___1........................ 12 21 4.8 48.3 38.0 78.7 .458 17.40District 3....... ........................ 9 10 5.3 48.6 38.3 78.8 .479 23.28 18.35District 4.......... ................... 3 3 5.0 46.7 40.2 86.1 .376 17.56 15.11District 5................................ 4 4 4.5 50.3 28.9 57.5 .435 21.88 12.56District 6............................... 3 4 3.8 49.5 26.1 52.7 .631 31.23 16.50District 8................................ 3 3 6.0 48.0 52.3 109.0 .479 22.99 25.02

Total 37 55 5.0 48.7 39.5 81.1 .461 22.45 18.24Foot skinners:

District 1............................... 4 12 5.7 49.5 49.3 99.6 .437 21.63 21.56District 2._______ _________ 12 28 4.6 48.0 37.1 77.3 .458 21.98 16.97District3....... ................... . 10 18 5.1 48.7 40.6 83.4 .481 23.42 19.54District 4.............................. 4 8 4.5 47.8 36.3 75.9 .415 19.84 15.04District 5.......... .................... 3 3 4.3 51.0 26.2 51.4 .676 34.48 17.71District 6............................... 2 3 4.0 50.0 27.2 54.4 .840 42.00 22.83District 7._............................ 1 0)

70)5.7

0)48.0

0)51.4

0)107.1

0).529

0)25.39

0)27.20District8............... ............... 6

Total............ ...................... 42 80 5.0 48.6 40.4 83.1 .479 23.28 19.34Leg breakers:

District 1 „ ........................... 7 24 5.8 48.7 50.4 103.5 .508 24.74 25.61District 2................................ 14 38 5.0 48.0 39.0 81.3 .478 22.94 18.62District 3 .............................. 14 30 5.7 49.1 45.1 91.9 .493 24.21 22.25District 4............................ 6 12 4.7 47.3 37.4 79.1 .446 21.10 16.68District 5.......... ..................... 9 16 4.1 50.3 29.2 58.1 .503 25.30 14.67District 0............ ................. . 3 10 3.9 49.2 25.1 51.0 .921 45.31 23.07District 7................................ 3 4 5.0 52.0 49.2 94.6 .502 26.10 24.69District 8_______ _____ ____ 7 9 5.6 48.0 46.3 96.5 .544 26.11 25.21

Total................................... 63 143 5.1 48.7 40.7 83.6 .512 24.93 20.85Rippers-open:

District 1—....... .................... 1P)2

0)5.5

0)48.0

0)44.5

0)92.7

0).472

0)22.66

0)21.02District 2__ ......................................... 2

District 3.................... .......... 7 8 5.8 48.0 44.8 93.3 .508 24.38 22.76District 5__..................... ...... 1 0)

5.80)48.0

0)51.7

0)107.7 0).594

0)28.51

0)30.68District 8............................... 4

Total................................... 15 17 5.6 48.9 46.2 94.5 .533 26.06 24.65Gullet raisers:

District 1............................ . 2 4 5.3 51.0 45.6 89.4 .425 21.6819.490)

20.1621.060)

19.3917.200)16.8010.800)

District 2............ .............. . 4 4 5.3 48.0 42.4 88.3 .406District 3..... .......................... 1

0 )30)5.0 0)48.0

0)40.0

0)83.3

0).420District 4_________________ 2

District 5_________________ 3 3 4.3 51.0 26.2 51.4 .413District 8_________________ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)

Total___________________ 13 16 5.1 49.3 39.7 80.5 .412 20.31 16.38i Data included in total.


T able A.— Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation,, and district—Continued




ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


Week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continuedCaul pullers:

District 1 ....... .................... 2 4 5.8 49.5 52.5 106.1 $0,509.463

$25.2022.22

$26.7018.72District 2__............... ............ 7 9 5.0 48.0 40.4 84.2

District 3—............................ 4 4 5.5 48.0 42.9 89.4 .416 19.97 17.82District 4__............................ 3 3 5.3 48.7 42.2 86.7 .473

(l)23.04(!)

19.950District 5 ................. ............. 1 (i) 0)

%0) 0) (l)

District 6........................ ...... 1 0) 0) 0) (1) <l) (i) (»)District 8 _______________ 2 3 48.0 52.5 109.4 .450 21.60 23.62

Total—..............- ......... ...... 20 25 5.3 48.6 43.9 90.3 .470 22.84 20.60Floormen or siders:

District 1............. ................. 7 46 5.4 48.7 45.9 94.3 .852 41.49 39.13District 2 .............................. 15 72 5.1 48.2 39.5 82.0 .761 36.68 30.04District 3....... ........................ 16 44 5.4 49.0 42.1 85.9 .793 38.86 33.36District 4............... ............... 6 18 5.0 47.7 39.9 83.6 .752 35.87 30.02District 6 ________________ 10 21 4.9 51.2 35.2 68.8 .741 37.94 26.05District 6 ________________ 3 13 4.2 49.4 27.8 56.3 1.238 61.16 34.48District 7 ................. .........— 4 6 5.8 53.7 53.0 98.7 .674 36.19 35.69District 8................................ 9 14 5.9 48.0 50.1 104.4 .765 36.72 38.32

Total. _____________________ 70 234 5.2 48.9 41.2 84.3 .800 39.12 32.98Breast or brisket breakers and

sawyers:District 1 ________________ 6 8 5.5 48.6 46.1 94.9 .512 24.88 23.59District 2_________________ 13 25 4.8 48.0 36.8 76.7 .464 22.27 17.08District 3..... .............. .......... 10 11 5.7 49.6 46.9 94.6 .509 25.25 23.89District 4_________________ 4 4 4.8 48.5 36.8 75.9 .411 19.93 15.11District 5 „ ............ ............... 4 5 4.4 50.7 27.4 54.0 .494 25.05 13.54District 6 ________ _____ — 2 5 4.0 51.6 27.9 54.1 .743 38.34 20.73District 8__......................... . . 4 4 5.8 48.0 47.6 99.2 .511 24.53 24.29

Total................................... 43 62 5.0 48.9 39.0 79.8 .499 24.40 19.47Crotch breakers:

District 1_________________ 2 5 5.4 48.0 49.3 102.7 .532 25.54 26.21District 2..... .......................... 11 16 4.9 48.0 39.7 82.7 .465 22.32 18.46District 3 ________________ 5 6 5.5 49.0 44.0 89.8 .448 21.95 19.69District 6 ________________ 2 2 4.0 48.0 25.5 53.1 .800 38.40 20.40District 8................................ 1 <•> 0) 0) 0) 0) (l) 0) 0)

Total . - . . . . . . 21 30 5.1 48.2 41.7 86.5 .488 23.52 20.34Holsters:

District 1____ 5 17 5.5 50.6 47.3 93.5 .433 21.91 20.49District 2............................... 8 13 5.1 48.0 42.0 87.5 .427 20.50 17.91District 3 ..________________ 10 18 5.6 49.3 42.0 85.2 .441 21.74 18.53District 4..... .......................... 3 4 5.0 48.0 41.4 86.3 .405 19.44 16.75District 5..... ......... ............... 3 5 4.6 48.6 28.6 58.8 .433 21.04 12.40District 6....... ........................ 3 12 3.6 49.0 26.8 54.7 .600 29.40 16.06District 8..... ......................... 2 2 6.0 48.0 53.2 110.8 .384 18.43 20.41

Total................................... 34 71 5.0 49.2 40.0 81.3 .450 22.14 17.99

Tail rippers and pullers:District 1_________________ 4 7 5.7 49.7 48.5 97.6 .468 23.26 22.71District 2________ _________ 11 14 4.9 48.0 38.7 80.6 .439 21.07 16.96District 8__________ _______ 9 10 4.7 48.6 34.8 71.6 .469 22.79 16.32

(i)District 4....... ...................... . 1(,)4

0)4.5 (»)51.4 <>)

27.1 0)52.7 0).4400)

22.62Districts........................... 4 11.95District 6............................... 3 5 4.0 49.2 27.1 55.1 .747 36.75 20.24District 8. . . ....................................... 3 3 5.3 48.0 44.3 92.3 .640 30.72 28.33

Total—. . ___________ ____ 35 44 4.9 48.9 37.1 75.9 .494 24.16 18.80

iD&ta included in total.


T a b l e A .— Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued




ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked hi one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

m a l e s — co n tin u e d

Rumpers:District 1................................ 7 1.8 5.7 48.7 48.0 98.6 $0,700

.652$34.0931.30

$33.6025.3431.27

District 2_________________ 11 25 4.9 48.0 38.8 80.8District 3............................... 14 ?0 5.6 48.8 44.6 91.4 .701 34.21District 4__________ _______ 4 5 4.8 47.2 38.9 82.4 .594 28.04 23.08District 5________________ - 9 1.2 5.1 51.7 36.3 70.2 .656 33.92 23.83District 6_________________ 3 6 4.3 51.0 30.6 60.0 .864 44.06 26.41District 7.— . ........................ 3 5 4.6 54.0 40.6 73.2 .519 28.03 21.07District 8_________________ 8 9 6.9 47.7 48.5 101.7 .755 36.01 36.61

Total................................... 59 100 5.3 49.1 41.8 85.1 .684 33.58 28.58Fell cutters:

District 1_________________ 4 17 5.8 49.2 50.1 101.8 .589 28.98 29.54District 2....... ........................ 10 ?1 5.0 48.0 39.7 82.7 .539 25.87 21.36District 3.................. ............. 8 16 5.7 49.1 40.9 83.3 .604 29.66 24.72District 4................................ 4 7 4.9 47.4 38.8 81.9 .554 26.26 21.47District 5_________________ 1 (96 0)4.0

(951.0 (9

27.0(952.9

(9.939

(947.89

(925.35District 6.............. .......... 3

Total___________________ 30 68 5.3 48.8 41.5 85.0 .594 28.99 24.61Fell pullers a n d beaters:

District 1................. .............. 3 9 5.7 50.0 49.4 98.8 .452 22.60 22.34District 2............................... 9 17 5.2 48.0 41.2 85.8 .465 22.32 19.18District 3....................... ........ 6 9 5.1 49.3 40.0 81.1 .440 21.69 17.61District 4...................... ........ 2 3 4.7 48.0 34.5 71.9 .391 18.77 13.51District 6______________________ 3 4 4.5 49.5 33.4 67.5 .679 33.61 22.65

Total— ....... .................... 23 42 5.2 48.9 41.5 84.9 .469 22.93 19.45Backers:

District 1_________________ a 13 5.5 49.5 46.6 94.1 .751 37.17 35.02District 2................................ 14 27 5.1 48.0 40.0 83.3 .697 33.46 27.90District 3......................... ...... 13 16 5.4 49.1 40.5 82.5 .704 34.57 28.55District 4.................. ............ 6 6 5.2 47.7 39.7 83.2 .614 29.29 24.36District 5................................ 5 6 5.0 51.1 33.6 65.8 .534 27.29 17.92District 6__ ......................................... 3 6 4.0 50.0 26.2 52.4 1.244 62.20 32.54District 7............................... 2 2 5.0 52.5 40.8 77.7 .488 25.62 19.90District 8.......... ................... . 6 6 5.8 48.0 53.4 111.3 .669 32.11 35.70

Total,........................... 55 82 5.2 48.9 40.7 83.2 .710 34.72 28.88Gutters and bung dropp ers :

District l._ ............................ 7 21 5.5 49.1 47.7 97.1 .552 27.10 26.32District 2.......... — .............. 14 33 5.0 48.0 39.7 82.7 .489 23.47 19.42District 3............................... 14 21 5.7 48.6 44.5 91.6 .517 25.13 23.04District 4............................... 6 12 5.2 48.0 40.8 85.0 .453 21.74 18.50District 5............... ............ . 8 11 4.1 53.1 28.4 53.5 .507 26.92 14.36District 6................................ 3 5 4.6 50.4 35.5 70.4 .751 37.85 26.67District 7............... ............... 3 4 5.0 52.5 41.7 79.4 .465 23.89 18.98District 8—........................... . 7 7 5.7 48.0 45.9 95.6 .538 25.82 24.67

Total................................... 62 114 5.2 49.1 41.4 84.3 .517 25.38 21.408hank skinners:

District 1.......... ................... 1 5 4.8 48.0 44.3 92.3 .525 25.20 23.27District 2....... ...................... 5 9 4.7 48.0 35.7 74.4 .486 23.33 17.37District 3.......... ............... 6 10 5.5 50.4 39.9 79.2 .534 26.91 21.29District 4....... ........... ........... 1 (9 <9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9

Total................................. 13 25 5.0 49.0 39.3 80.2 .516 25.28 20.24jmu ->a



T a b l e A.—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours ana earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, by department, sea;, occupation, and district—CfoDtinued



Sex, occupation, and district

Number of establish

ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week

1Aver

agefulltimehoursper

week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continuedHide droppers:

District 1_________________ 6 11 5.9 48.6 51.1 105.1 $0,561 $27.26 $28.68District 2_________________ 14 36 5.1 48.0 40.8 85.0 .583 27.98 23.80District 3....... ........................ 15 28 5.5 49.1 42.9 87.4 .581 28.53 24.91District 4....................... ........ 6 11 4.9 47.3 39.1 82.7 .539 25.49 21.07District 5............................... 9 11 5.0 51.6 37.0 71.7 .704 36.33 26.02District 6........ ...... .............. . 3 9 3.9 50.0 25.6 51.2 1.177 58.85 30.09District 7_____ ____ _____ 3 4 5.0 53.8 41.4 77.0 .464 1 24.96 19.19District 8_________________ 9 9 5.8 47.7 48.6 101.9 . 666 I 31.77 32.39

Total................................... 65 119 5.2 48.9 41.2. 84.3 .617 30.17 25.43

Tail sawyers:District 1.............................. - 6 12 5.8 48.9 50.6 103.5 .551 26.94 27.86District 2_________________ 13 16 5.3 48.0 41.6 86.7 .494 23.71 20.53District 3..... .......................... 10 13 5.7 48.5 46.3 95.5 .496 24.06 22.94District 4_________________ 3 3 5.0 47.3 42.5 89.9 .462 21.85 19.62District 5_________________ 6 8 4.3 49.3 25.7 52.1 .541 26.67 13.92District 6_________________ 3 4 4.0 49.5 26.5 53.5 .947 46.88 25.10District 8_________________ 5 5 5.6 48.0 48.3 100.6 .536 25.73 25.87

Total___________________ 46 61 5.3 48.5 41.9 86.4 .533 25.85 22.31Splitters:

District 1_________________ 6 18 5.7 49.3 48.8 99.0 .825 40.67 40.24District 2_________________ 15 41 5.1 48.1 40.5 84.2 .764 36.75 30.95District 3....... .............. ......... 16 25 5.3 49.0 42.7 87.1 .746 36.55 31.90District 4.................... .......... 7 11 5.1 47.8 38.9 81.4 .699 33.41 27.21District 5_________________ 7 8 5.0 50.5 35.5 70.3 .815 41.16 28.96District 6___________ ______ 3 6 4.0 51.0 27.2 53.3 1.345 68.60 36.54District 7_________________ 4 5 5.6 53.8 49.1 91.3 .515 27.71 25.26District 8_________________ 8 9 6.0 47.7 50.2 105.2 .826 39.40 41.49

Total___________________ 66 123 5.3 48.9 42.1 86.1 .780 38.14 32.85Chuck splitters:

District 1_________________ 6 13 5.6 48.1 48.8 101.5 .618 29.73 30.19District 2.................. ............. 10

712 4.7 48.0 39.2 81.7 .554 26.59 21.72

District 3.................... .......... 7 5.6 48.9 47.1 96.3 .618 30.22 29.11District 4................................ 6 7 5.1 47.7 40.3 84.5 .482 22.99 19.42District 5.-....... - ................... 4 4 4.3 51.4 25.6 49.8 .544 27.96 13.92District 8...................... ......... 4 4 5.3 48.0 49.4 102.9 .521 25.01 25.72

Total................................... 37 47 5.1 48.4 42.9 88.6 .571 27.64 24.50Scribers:

District 1_____________ ____ 5 14 5.3 52.4 43.7 83.4 .455 23.84 19.89District 2_________ ________ 12 13 5.5 48.0 43.1 89.8 .442 21.22 19.03District 3_________________ 9 10 5.6 48.6 43.9 90.3 .438 21.29 19.23District 4_............................ 4 4 5.3 47.0 39.0 83.0 .402 18.89 15.69District 5......... ...................... 1 0) 3 <94.7

0)50.0

0)32.8

0)65.6 0).688

0)34.40

(0District 6................................ 3 22.60District 8_._______________ 3 3 6.0 48.0 51.0 106.3 .416 19.97 21.22

Total................................... 37 48 5.4 49.5 42.4 85.7 .451 22.32 19.15Trimmers of bruises, rounds,

necks, skirts, and tails:District 1......... .............. ........ 4 25 5.6 50.5 49.6 98.2 .516 26.06 25.58District 2............................... 14 50 5.1 48.0 41.1 85.6 .421 20.21 17.32District 3................................ 9 18 5.6 49.7 46.9 94.4 .449 22.32 21.03District 4................................ 4 16 4.8 47.3 37.3 78.9 .384 18.16 14.31District 5__............................. 3 7 4.0 47.1 20.7 43.9 .378 17.80 7.82District 6................................ 2 7 4.9 48.0 42.2 87.9 .569 27.31 24.02District 7................................ I 0) 5 0)5.6 0)48.0 (0

47.5(099.0

0).487

0)23.38

0)23.14District 8....... .... ................... 5

Total................................... 42 129 5.1 48.6 42.0 86.4 .452 21.97 19.02

* Data included in total.


T a b l e A .—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual, hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of fuU time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district— C on tin u ed




ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week

1Aver-1 age fulltime hours per

week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

m a l e s — co n tin u e dUtility men:

District 1 . ________________ 4 6 5.8 48.0 48.3 100.6 $0,489.567

$23.4727.22

$23.6424.97District 2....... - ........- ............ 11 22 5.4 48.0 44.0 91.7

District 3 ________________ 11 17 5.7 48.7 45.2 92.8 .635 30.92 28.69District 4 ________________ 5 7 5.6 47.7 44.3 92.9 .638 30.43 28.27District 5 ___________ _____ 8 10 5.3 48.6 39.5 81.3 .781 37.96 30.83District 6 ______ ___ ______ 3 9 4.7 49.3 34.5 70.0 .675 33.28 23.30District 7.................... ........... 3 3 6.0 53.0 53.0 100.0 .726 38.50 38.50District 8—............................ 2 3 6.0 48.0 50.2 104.6 .764 36.67 38.34

Total___________________ 47 77 5.5 48.6 43.5 89.5 .634 30.81 27.60Washers and wipers:

District 1 ______ _________ 5 18 5.7 48.6 49.6 102.1 .441 21.43 21.91District 2__________ _______ 15 56 5.0 48.1 40.0 83.2 .395 19.00 15.80District 3_________________ 14 44 5.6 49.0 45.2 92.2 .391 19.16 17.69District 4__............................ 5 10 5.1 47.4 42.1 88.8 .359 17.02 15.11District 5_______ ________ 6 17 4.2 50,2 26.0 51.8 .396 19.88 10.29District 6_________________ 2 9 4.4 48.0 31.1 64.8 .582 27.94 18.08District 7_________________ 2 2 5.0 52.0 47.9 92.1 .419 21.79 20.07District 8_________________ 6 13 5.2 48.0 43.4 90.4 .428 20.54 18.54

Total—. ............ - .............. 55 169 5.1 48.6 41.0 84.4 .408 19.83 16.73Butchers, general:

District l._. ......................... l !I 0) 12 0)5.6

(048.5

(0 0) (0.937

0) mDistrict 2.................... .......... 6 47.2 97.3 45.44 44.20District 3_________________ 2 2 6.0 48.0 51.2 106.7 .660 31.68 33.76District 4________ ______ 1 (0

9(05.0

(051.1

0)42.1

0) 0).838

0)42 82

0)District 5—............................ 3 82.4 35.24District 6____________ _____ 2 2 4.0 48.0 26.5 55.2 .883 42.38 23.40District 7............—................ 2 11 6.0 56.4 54.9 97.3 .279 15.74 15.28District 8 _________________ 3 10 5.6 46.8 46.7 99.8 .703 32.90 32.79

Total................................... 20 49 5.6 50.4 47.3 93.8 .676 34.07 32.02Tonguers:

District 1________________ 1 0)11 0)48.0 0)38.6

0) 0).436 0)20.93 0)16.81District 2 _________________ 6 80.4

District 3_________________ 11 13 5.3 48.0 41.2 85.8 .435 20.88 17.96District 4________ _________ 3 3 5.0 48.7 42.7 87.7 .388 18.90 16.55District 5 ________________ 2 2 5.0 48.8 29.3 60.0 .450 21.96 13.17District 6_________________ 1 0)

30)6.0 0)48.0 (>)52.3

0)109.0 0).446 0)21.41 0)23.32District 8............... ............... 3Total___________________ 27 34 5.1 48.3 •40.3 83.4 .440 21.25 17.74

Laborers:2District 1_________________ 7 105 5.6 49.5 49.1 99.2 .436 21.58 21.39District 2__________________ 14 186 5.0 48.0 40.6 84.6 .402 19.30 16.29District 3_________________ 14 130 5.5 49.0 43.4 88.6 .401 19.65 17.43District 4__............................ 6 49 4.9 47.4 41.2 86.9 .358 16.97 14.74District 5 ________________ 8 49 4.7 51.3 30.2 58.9 .375 19.24 11.33District 6 ________________ 3 30 4.4 49.2 31.0 63.0 .608 29.91 18.82District 7_________________ 6 20 5.4 55.0 48.6 88.4 .284 15.62 13.83District 8_________________ 9 34 5.6 47.7 51.5 108.0 .419 19.99 21.56

T otal......................... 67 603 5.2 49.0 42.3 86.3 .408 19.99 17.24Truckers:

District l._ ....... .................... 5 11 5.7 49.5 50.0 101.0 .402 19.90 20.14District 2 „ ....... ......... ........... 7 10 5.4 49.8 46.1 92.6 .432 21. 51 19.92District 3............................... 6 19 5.7 51.5 46.1 89.5 .400 20.60 18.41District 4.................... .......... 1 (l) 9

0)3.9 0)48.2

0)20.4 0)42.3 0).388

0)18.70 0)7.93District 5____________ _____ 5

District 6............................... 2 5 5.2 48.0 38.6 80.4 .546 26.21 21.08D istrict8.________________ 5 6 5.2 48.0 44.4 92.5 .421 20.21 18.69

Total _________________ 31 62 5.3 49.6 42.2 85.1 .417 20.68 17.58

* Data included in total.* Includes floor cleaners, mark beads, spread cattle, tie guts, laundrymen, taggers, etc.






ments

1


iAverage

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


perweek

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsp er

hour

Averagefull-timeearningsper

week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week


All o ccu p a tion s :District 1................................ 7 525 5 .6 49.3 48.7 98 .8 $0,544 $26.82 $26.49District 2.......................................... 16 931 5 .0 48.1 40.3 83 .8 .512 24.63 20.67District 3__...................................... 16 642 5 .5 49.1 43.5 88.6 .513 25.19 22.33District 4__.................................. .. 7 241 5 .0 47.6 39.9 83.8 .478 22.75 19.10District 5— ............................. 12 265 4 .7 50.7 31.8 62.7 .549 27.83 17.47District 6.......................................... 3 192 4 .3 49.6 30.2 60.9 .779 38.64 23.54District 7.......................................... 6 77 5 .3 54.2 47 .8 8 8 .2 .421 22.82 20.14District 8.......................................... 10 214 6 .7 47.8 49.5 103.6 .554 26.48 27.46

Total................................... 77 3,087 5 .2 48.9 41.8 85.5 .532 26.01 22.24FEMALES

Carcass wipers, bruise and tailtrimmers, and neck-rag inserters:

District 2—.................................... 1 7 3 .9 48.0 29.1 60.6 .258 12.38 7.51District 3.......................................... 2 7 3 .9 48.0 31.5 65.6 .309 14.83 9 .72District 5 ._ ...................................... 1 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) (») 0 ) P) (»)District 7.......................................... 1 0 ) (>) (*) 0 ) (>) 0 ) 0) <«)

Total............ ...................... 5 16 3 .9 48.8 29.7 60.9 .283 13.81 8 .4 2MALES AND FEMALES

All occupations:District 1............... ............... 7 525 5 .6 49.3 4 8 .7 98.8 .544 26.82 26.49District 2 .......................................... 16 938 5 .0 48.1 40.3 83.8 .511 24.58 20.57District 3.................. ....................... 16 649 5 .5 49.1 43.4 88.4 .512 25.14 22.19District 4----------- ---------------------- 7 241 5 .0 47.6 39.9 83.8 .478 22. 75 19.10District 5................ ..................... .. 13 266 4 .7 50.7 31.8 62.7 .548 27.78 17.45District 6.................... ..................... 3 192 4 .3 49.6 30.2 60.9 .779 38.64 23.54District 7__ ..................................... 6 78 5 .3 54.3 47.4 87 .3 .42 0 22.81 19.91District 8........................................ .. 10 214 5.7 47.8 49.5 103.6 .554 26.48 27.46

Total................................... 78 3,103 5.2 48.9 41.8 85.5 .531 25.97 22.17


MALESLaborers: *

District 1_________________ 7

1

85

1

5.6 50.7 50.8 100.2

1

$0,418.416

!

$21.19 20.09

$21.2317.84District 2_________________ 17 156 5.4 48.3 42.9 88.8

District 3_____________ ____ 17 305 5.4 48.6 43.6 89.7 .388 18.86 16.93District 4_________________ 2 3 6.0 46.0 48.7 105.9 .355 16.33 17.29District 5_________________ 12 91 5.6 51.4 41.3 80.4 .390 20.05 16.09District 6_________________ 6 40 5.8 55.7 53.7 96.4 .409 22.78 21.96District 7____________ ____ - 2 8 6.1 54.3 49.0 90.2 .337 18.30 16.49District 8_________________ 7 14 5.6 47.8 47.7 99.8 .430 20.55 20.52

Total................................. - 70 702 5.5 49.6 44.8 90.3 .400 19.84 17.90Shacklers:

District 1_________________ 7 17 5.9 50.0 53.0 106.0 .558 27.90 29.56District 2_________________ 14 27 5.6 48.2 45.5 94.4 .463 22.32 21.07District 3............................... 17 50 5.6 49.0 47.2 96.3 .489 23.96 23.08District 4............................ 2 2 5.0 48.0 45.5 94.8 .463 22.22 21.06District 5________________ 12 21 5.3 56.1 36.8 65.6 .472 26.48 17.35District 6_________________ 5 12 5.7 56.5 55.1 97.5 .488 27.57 26.88District 7................................ 3 3 5.0 54.7 45.1 82.4 .500 27.35 22.53District 8............ ................... 5 7 4.9 4^6 41.3 86.8 .519 24.70 21.40

Total_____________ ______ 65 139 5.5 50.7 46.3 91.3 .493 25.00 22.82

i Data included in total.* Includes drivers, penners, steamers, singers, washers, aitchbone breakers, and toe pullers.






ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continued Stickers:

District 1................................ 6 8 5.4 48.3 47.1 97.5 $0,626 $30.24 $29.46District 2................................ 17 18 5.6 48.3 44.6 92.3 .577 27.87 25.72District 3................................ 17 23 5.6 49.7 46.4 93.4 .559 27.78 25.91District 4................................ 4 4 5.3 48.0 41.0 85.4 .456 21.89 18.70Districts...................... ......... 12 16 5.6 51.7 40.0 77.4 .545 28.18 21.82District 6................................ 5 6 5.8 56.0 50.3 89.8 .591 33.10 29 76District 7................................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 8................................ 4 4 5.8 48.0 44.3 92.3 .548 26.30 24.25

Total................................... 66 80 5.6 50.0 44.8 89.6 .565 28.25 25.31Scalders:4

District 1................................ 7 32 5.6 50.4 48.8 96.8 .492 24.80 24.04District 2................................ 16 56 5.5 48.8 45.2 92.6 .474 23.13 21.44District 3— ........................... 17 93 5.7 49.3 48.8 99.0 .470 23.17 22.94District 4................................ 1 0 0) 0) f> 0) 0) 23?34 0)District 5................................ 12 59 5.4 52.1 39.9 76.6 .448 17.87District 6................................ 5 17 5.9 56.1 55.3 98.6 .501 28.11 27.68District 7............................... 3 9 5.2 54.4 45.1 82.9 .500 27.20 22.56District 8................................ 5 9 5.7 47.7 48.6 101.9 .548 26.14 26.67

Total................................... 66 277 5.6 50.4 46.4 92.1 .475 23.94 22.07Hookers-on: *

District 1................................ 7 18 5.6 48.9 46.5 95.1 .500 24.45 23.26District 2.......... ..................... 15 48 5.1 48.3 40.7 84.3 .439 21.20 17.88District 3............................... 16 57 5.7 49.5 47.4 95.8 .442 21.88 20.98District 4............................. . 1 0) 0) 0)

f t .0) „ 0) 0) 0)District 5............ ................... 12 37 5.4 51.6 69.6 .409 21.10 14.69

District 6................................ 4 9 6.0 57.3 58.4 101.9 .463 26.53 27.02District 7............................... 2 3 5.0 54.3 44.9 82.7 .414 22.48 18.59District 8................................ 3 4 6.0 48.0 51.1 106.5 .465 22.32 23.74

Total................................... 60 178 5.5 50.0 43.7 87.4 .444 22.20 19.38Shavers and scrapers:

District I................................ 7 61 5.6 49.2 46.1 93.7 .505 24.85 23.28District 2......................... . 17 139 5.4 48.4 42.0 86.8 .484 23.43 20.32District 3................................ 17 235 5.5 49.1 44.4 90.4 .464 22.78 20.60District 4................................ 4 5 5.4 46.4 47.7 102.8 .461 21.39 22.01District 5................................ 12 143 5.2 52.4 37.8 72.1 .486 25.47 18.37Districts......................... — 5 31 5.4 55.9 47.7 85.3 .478 26.72 22.78District 7................................ 2 14 5.9 54.2 52.1 96.1 .501 27.15 26.09District 8................................ 6 17 5.8 48.0 48.7 101.5 .534 25.63 26.00

Total................................... 70 645 5.4 50.1 43.1 86.0 .480 24.05 20.68Headers:

District 1................................ 7 17 5.9 49.4 48.3 97.8 .577 28.50 27.85District 2................................ 16 26 5.5 48.5 . 43.0 88.7 .533 25.85 22.90District 3............................... 16 36 5.6 48.8 47.5 97.3 .537 26.21 25.51District 4................................ 3 3 4.0 48.0 34.3 71.5 .502 24.10 17.23District 5................................ 9 13 5.2 53.0 39.5 74.5 .544 28.83 21.47District 6................................ 5 8 5.9 55.5 50.8 91.5 .551 30.58 28.02District 7................................ 3 7 5.4 54.9 50.8 92.5 .418 22.95 21.21District8................................ 5 5 5.8 48,0 47.8 99.6 .590 28.32 28.19

Total................................... 64 115 5.5 50.1 45.8 91.4 .538 26.95 24.62

i Data included in total.« Includes tubmen, droppers, gamb cutters, polemen, and duckers.• Includes hookers-off, nangers-ofl, straighteners, and chain feeders.



HOG-KILLING DEPARTMENT-Continued



Number of establish

ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percent

offulltimehoursactually

worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continuedGutters, bung-droppers, and

rippers-open:District 1....... ........................ 7 33 5.8 50.4 48.1 95.4 $0,538

.521$27.1225.11

$25.8522.30District 2......................... ...... 16 58 5.4 48.2 42.8 88.8

District 3_________________ 17 89 5.6 49.0 47.2 96.3 .520 25.48 24.57District 4_________________ 3 4 5.0 47.0 45.9 97.7 .481 22.61 22.06District 5_________________ 13 43 5.5 52.3 42.2 80.7 .523 27.35 22.05District 6_________________ 5 28 5.6 55.9 48.8 87.3 .542 30.30 26.46District 7............................... 3 4 5.3 54.5 39.3 72.1 .595 32.43 23.39

6 8 5.6 48.0 47.9 99.8 .551 26.45 26.38Total___________________ 70 267 5.6 50.3 45.6 90.7 .527 26.51 24.03

Ham facers:District 1................................ 7 8 5.9 49.5 48.0 97.0 .531 26.28 25.51District 2............................... 13 18 5.6 48.7 45.2 92.8 .520 25.32 23.49District 3_________________ 17 21 5.6 48.9 46.2 94.5 .528 25.82 24.42District 4_________________ 2 2 5.5 48.0 45.0 93.8 .522 25.06 23.49District 5 _______________ 12 13 5.5 51.5 39.6 76.9 .561 28.89 22.22District 6............................ — 5 8 5.8 55.5 48.6 87.6 .530 29.42 25.74District 7_________________ 2 2 4.5 54.5 32.9 60.4 .499 | 27.20 16.41District 8......................... ...... 6 6 5.2 48.0 42.6 88.8 .559 26.83 23.81

Total................................... 64 78 5.6 50.1 44.7 89.2 .533 26.70 23.81Splitters:

District 1_________________ 7 28 5.6 50.1 47.6 95.0 .622 31.16 29.63District 2_________________ 17 45 5.6 48. 5 46.5 95.9 . f 62 27.26 26.16District 3 ________________ 16 59 5.6 49.1 47.7 97.1 .571 28.04 27.27District 4 ___________ _____ 3 3 5.3 48.0 45.5 94.8 .543 26 06 24.72District 5........ ....................District 6 ..............................

125

309

5.65.7

51.255.3

41.150.5

80.391.3

.581

.59929.75 33.12

23.88 30.25

District 7_________________ 2 3 6.0 54.3 58.9 108.5 .643 34.91 37.84District 8_________________ 5 5 5.4 48.0 44.5 92.7 .628 30.14 27.92

Total___________________ 67 182 5.6 49.8 46.5 93.4 .583 ‘ 29.03 27.10Leaf-lard pullers:

District 1_______ _________ 7 14 5.8 49.6 49.3 99.4 .484 24.01 23.88District 2............................... 16 21 5.3 48.6 43.2 88.9 .479 23.28 20.70District 3............................... 17 39 5.6 49.2 47.0 95.5 .469 23.07 22.02District 4_________________ 3 3 5.3 48.0 41.7 86.9 .446 21.41 18.57District 5_________________ 11 14 5.5 51.4 38.2 74.3 .434 22.31 16.57District 6_________________ 5 8 5.8 56.3 53.9 95.7 .494 27.81 26.61District 7_________________ 3 3 5.3 54.7 41.8 76.4 .350 19.15 14.64District 8_________________ 5 5 5.8 47.8 47.7 99.8 .526 25.14 25.09

Total................................... 67 107 5.6 50.0 45.6 91.2 .470 23.50 21.47Leaf-lard scrapers:

District 1............................... £ 5 5.2 48.4 44.7 92.4 .420 20.33 18.79District 2_________________ 6 8 5.1 48.0 35.5 74.0 .458 21.98 16.26District 3________ _________ 14 31 5.2 49.4 42.0 85.0 .404 19.96 17.00District 5_________________ 8 10 5.4 52.5 38.3 73.0 .400 21.00 15.31

(l)District 6_________________ 1 0)0)

30)0)6.0

0) 0) 0)0)114.0

0)0).387

0)0)

18.58District 7..... .............. .......... 1 0) (i) 0)District 8________ _________ 3 48.0 54.7 21.15

Total___________________ 37 59 5.3 49.7 41.6 83.7 .412 20.48 17.14

> Data included in total.


T able A.—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, by department, sex, occupation, and district— Continued


WAGES AND HOt'RS OF LABOR, 1931 8 5


ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percent


worked

1

Average

earningsper

hour

I


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

hales—continuedBruise trimmers, head removers,

and kidney pullers:District 1............................... 6 14 5.9 49.1 48.3 98.4 $0.474 $23.27 $22.92District 2..... ......................... 12 20 5.6 48.3 43.8 90.7 .446 21.54 19.56District 3.................... .......... 17 49 5.6 49.1 45.9 93.5 .450 22.10 20.67District 4............................... 1 0) 0) 0) 0) C1) 0) 0) 0)District 5_________________ 11 28 5.3 51.8 34.8 67.2 .457 23.67 15.92District 6..... ......... ............... 5 18. 5.8 55.7 51.2 91.9 .560 31.19 28.68District 7.................... ........... 1 0) 1 0) 0) 0) (1) 0) 0) (0District 8—- ....... ...... ............. 2 2 6.0 48.0 52.5 109.4 .461 22.13 24.2

Total................................. . 55 133 5.6 50.5 44.4 87.9 .472 23.84 20.95Utility men:

District 1.......................... 6 19 5.8 50.2 52.3 104.2 .536 26.91 28.05District 2______ __________ 15 46 5.7 48.1 44.8 93.1 .506 24.34 22.69District 3_. .......... ............ . 15 78 5.6 48.7 47.9 98.4 .537 26.15 25.71District 4 .............................. 1 0) ( l) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 5..............................- 8 25 5.3 50.6 42.4 83.8 .594 30.06 25.19District 6..... ......... ............... 5 10 5.9 54.6 54.2 99.3 .556 30.36 30.13District 7.................. ............ 2 2 5.5 54.5 54.5 100.0 .698 38.00 38.00District 8............................ . 4 12 5.8 46.3 46.5 100.4 .821 38.01 38.13

Total.......... ....................... 56 193 5.6 49.2 47.2 95.9 .557 27.40 26.28Truckers:

District 1............................... 2 7 6.0 51.4 51.3 99.8 .402 20.66 20.61District 2......................... .... 8 14 4.9 49.7 43.2 86.9 .408 20.28 17.63District 3.......... .............. ...... 8 18 5.7 48.3 47.6 98.6 .392 18.93 18.63District 4...................... ........ 1 0 ) (*) 0 ) 0) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 )District 5....... ............... ........ 9 13 5.4 53.2 42.9 80.6 .410 21.81 17.58District 6...............................District 7.................- .........

11 8 CO

0)0 )0 )

0 )( l)

0)0

0 )0)

0 )0 ) 8District 8_________ ________ 1 0) <*) 0) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) <*) 0 )

Total.................................. 31 56 5.4 50.4 45.9 91.1 .399 20.11 18.31All occupations:

District 1— ........................ 7 366 5.7 49.9 48.8 97.8 .500 24.95 24.42District 2............... ...... ......... 17 700 5.4 48.4 43.3 89.5 .476 23.04 20.62District 3............................. 17 1,183 5.5 49.0 45.7 93.3 .463 22.69 21.18District 4............................... 6 36 5.2 47.5 44.4 93.5 .464 22.04 20.59District 5..... .............- ........... 13 556 5.4 52.1 39.3 75.4 .473 24.64 18.57District 6............................... 6 206 5.7 55.8 51.7 92.7 .499 27.84 25.79District 7............... ............— 3 62 5.6 54.4 48.3 88.8 .476 25.89 22.98District 8-.............................. 7 102 5.6 47.7 47.3 99.2 .553 26.38 26.15

Total................................... 76 3,211 5.5 50.0 44.9 89.8 .478 23.90 21.46FEMALES

Kidney pullers, shavers, singers,neck brushers, and spreaders:

District 1_________________ 3 4 5.5 47.0 46.1 98.1 .308 14.48 14.21District 2................................ 7 10 5.4 48.0 41.0 85 4 .317 15.22 12.99District 3................................ 6 29 5.0 48.8 44.2 90.6 .287 14.01 12.66District 4.................... .......... 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 5................................ 2 3 6.0 50.0 38.2 76.4 .320 16.00 12.24

Total................................... 19 47 5.2 48.6 43.2 88.9 .296 14.39 12.78



T a b l e A .—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued


8 6 8I/AUGHTERING AND MEAT PACKING


ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

IAver

age hours actually

worked in one week

Percent


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

MALES AND FEMALES

All occupations:District 1................................ 7 370 5.7 49.9 48.8 97.8 $0,498

.474$24.8522.94

$24.3120.51District 2............................... 17 710 5.4 48.4 43.3 89.5

District 3................................ 17 1,21237

6.5 49.0 45.7 93.3 .459 22.49 20.97District 4................................ 6 5.2 47.5 44.3 93.3 .458 21.76 20.30District 5............ - ................. 13 559 5.4 52.1 39.3 75.4 .472 24.59 18.54District 6—______ _________ 6 206 5.7 55.8 51.7 92.7 .499 27.84 25.79District 7............................. - 3 62 5.6 , 54.4 48.3 88.8 .476 25.89 22.98District 8_________________ 7 102 5.6 47.7 47.3 99.2 .553 26.38 26.15

Total................................... 76 3,258 5.5 50.0 44.9 89.8 .475 23.75 21.33

SHEEP-KILLING AND CALF-KILLING DEPARTMENT

MALESLaborers:*

District 1....... ....................... 3 64 5.8 48.6 48.4 99.6 $0,424 $20.61 $20.51District 2.. ............................. 10 72 4.5 48.0 35.3 73.5 .386 18.53 13.61District 3._........................ 5 33 5.6 49.6 47.8 96.4 .385 19.10 18.41District 4................................ 2 7 4.9 48.0 41.1 85.6 .344 16.51 14.17District 5................................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) <9 (9 <9 0)District 6______ __________ 3 45 5.8 50.3 44.7 88.9 .433 21.78 19.38District 8................................ 3 14 5.9 48.0 43.8 91.3 .385 18.48 16.88

Total................................... 27 236 5.3 48.9 43.1 88.1 .405 19.80 17.49Shacklers:

District 1............................ - 3 6 5.8 49.0 48.3 98.6 .443 21.71 21.39District 2................................ 8 12 4.8 44.0 37.6 85.5 .419 18.44 15.76District 3................................ 6 9 5.3 50.0 44.2 88.4 .429 21.45 18.98District 4............................... 2 3 4.7 48.0 40.1 83.5 .440 21.12 17.63District 5................................ 1 0 0) 0) (9 (9 (9 <9 (9District 6........................ 3 11 6.0 49.6 44.7 90.1 .518 25.69 23.13District8............................... 2 2 6.0 48.0 39.9 83.1 .478 22.94 19.06

Total................................... 25 44 5.4 47.9 42.3 88.3 .454 21.75 19.20

Stickers:District 1................................ 3 5 6.0 39.6 46.6 117.7 .537 21.27 25.01District 2............................... 10 12 5.4 48.0 44.3 92.3 .445 21.36 19.72District 3................................ 5 6 5.3 49.0 43.9 89.6 .396 19.40 17.39District 4................................ 2 2 5.5 48.0 49.3 102.7 .488 23.42 24.01District 5................................ 2 2 5.5 54.0 36.9 68.3 .428 23.11 15.81District 6........................ 3 4 6.0 49.5 45.9 92.7 .573 28.36 26.27District 8................................ 2 2 5.0 48.0 33.7 70.2 .444 21.31 14.95

Total................................... 27 33 5.5 47.5 44.0 92.6 .469 22.28 20.63

Joint breakers:District 1................................ 3 7 5.7 48.9 44.9 91.8 .497 24.30 22.28District 2................................ 5 5 5.6 48.0 43.5 90.6 .423 20.30 18.36District 3...........................—. 2 2 3.5 48.0 31.8 66.3 .409 19.63 12.98District 4-_............................ 2 2 5.5 48.0 45.2 94.2 .481 23.09 21.72District8................................ 2 2 4.5 48.0 30.0 62.5 .446 21.41 13.38

Total................................... 14 18 5.3 48.3 41.4 85.7 .462 22.31 19.11

* Data included in total.• Includes drivers, penners, holders, shovers, hookers-on to conveyors, hangers-up of racks, and squilgeen.


WAGES AND HOtrRS OF LAB OR, 311 8 7

T a b l e A*—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours ana earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

SHEEP-KILLING AND CALF-KILLING DEPARTMENT—C o n tin u e d


Number of establish

ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continuedScalpers:

District 1................................ 2 4 5.8 48.0 46.8 97.5 $0,459 $22.03 $21.46 17.45District 2_________________ 6 8 4.9 48.0 41.8 87.1 .418 20.06

District 3_________________ 5 8(})

5.0 48.8 41.00)

84.0 .443 21.62 18.170)District 4_________________ 1 0)

0)5.7

* 0) (i) 0) 0)District 6_________________ 1 0 0)47.0

0) 0)84.5 0)* .5820) 0)

District 8_________________ 3 3 39.7 27.35 23.09Total................................... 18 25 5.2 48.1 42.1 87.5 .453 21.79 19.09

Miscellaneous workers:7District 1_________________ 3 41 5.8 48.6 47.7 98.1 .440 21.38 20.99District 2............ ................... 10 45 4.9 48.0 40.6 84.6 .422 20.26 17.17District 3________ ____ ____ 5 39 5.7 49.4 47.2 95.5 .416 20.55 19.62District 4_________________ 2 4 5.5 48.0 46.9 97.7 .411 19.73 19.25District 6_________________ 3 16 5.1 49.5 37.4 75.6 .470 23.27 17.61District 8 ________________ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) (1) 0)

Total___________________ 24 146 5.4 48.7 44.2 90.8 .430 20.94 19.03Leggers (fore and hind):

District 1_________ ________ 3 31 5.7 49.0 46.4 94.7 .545 26.71 25.29District 2_________________ 11 66 5.2 48.0 41.8 87.1 .488 23.42 20.41District 3_________________ 7 32 5.7 49.9 48.2 96.6 .530 26.45 25.51District 4............................... 4 7 5.0 47.4 41.3 87.1 .470 22.28 19.39District 5_________________ 1 0)

400)5.7

0)49.4 0)41.1

0)83.2

0).575 0)28.41 0)

23.59District 6_________________ 3District 8....................... ........ 2 10 6.0 48.0 41.3 86.0 .578 27.74 23.84

Total__________________ 31 187 5.5 48.7 43.4 89.1 .527 25.66 22.86Brisket or breast pullers:

District 1................................ 3 9 6.0 48.7 48.1 98.8 .565 27.52 27.13District 2__________ ____ __ 11 21 5.5 48.0 42.4 88.3 .535 25.68 22.66District 3_________________ 6 14 5.8 50.6 48.5 95.8 .507 25.65 24.61District 4_________________ 4 5 5.2 47.2 43.1 91.3 .511 24.12 22.02

0)28.330)

District 5_________________ 1 0)110)

0)6.00)

0)49.60)

0)46.30)

0)93.30)

0).6120)

0)30.360)

District 6...............................District 8_________________

11

T ota l__________________ 29 63 5.7 48.9 44.7 91.4 .545 26.65 24.39Facers:

District 1_________________ 3 17 5.7 49.1 46.0 93.7 .678 33.29 31.2227.52District 2______ __ ________ 11 56 5.6 48 0 45.2 94.2 .608 29.18

District 3............................... 8 31 5.6 49.7 47.7 96.0 .582 28.93 27.7523.5131.66

District 4_________ ________ 4 10 5.0 47.6 41.7 87.6 .564 26.8534.84District 6.............................. 3 21 6.0 49.7 45.2 90.9 .701

District 8_________ ________ 2 5 6.0 48.0 43.1 89.8 .607 29.14 26.12Total................................... 31 140 5.6 48.7 45.5 93.4 .621

.533

.485

.488

30.24

26.1723.28

28.30Bumpers and back pullers:

District 1.................... ........... 3 17 5.8 49.1 46.3 94.390.088.2

24.69 20.96 21.88 17.32 25 74 24.81

District 2..... ......................... 10 35 5.4 48.050.8

43.2District 3............................... 6 15 5.3 44.8 24 79District 4_________________ 2 2 5.0 48.0

49.248.0

41.2 85.894.384.4

.421

.554

.613

20.2127.2629.42

District 6_________________ 3 15 5.9 46.440.5District 8............ ................... 2 2 6.0

Total................................... 26 86 5.6 48.9 44.5 91.0 .510 24.94 22.70

Data included in total.* Includes hookers*up of fore quarters and bind legs, shoulder punchers, and shank pinners.


Table A.—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per weekt average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

SHEEP-KILLING AND CALF-KILLING DEPARTMENT-Continued



Number of establish

ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour

Average

fulltimeearningsper

week

Average

amountactually

earnedinoneweek

males—continued Brisket or breast splitters:

District 1................................ 3 5 6.0 49.2 46.6 94.7 $0.531 $26.13 $24.72District 2................................ 9 10 5.1 48.0 38.8 80.8 .490 23.52 19.01District 3................................ 5 5 5.6 49.2 46.9 95.3 .442 21.75. 20.70District 4................................ 1 0) • 0) 0) (9 <9 (9 (9 0)District 6 „_ ....... ............... . 3 5 4.8 49.2 36.9 75.0 .511 25.14 18. .87District 8............... *........... . 1 0) 0) 0) (9 (9 (9 (9 0)

Total................................ 22 27 5.3 48.7 41.5 85.2 .487 23.72 20.23Pelt droppers:

District 1....... ........... ........... 2 5 6.0 48.0 49.9 104.0 .459 22.03 22.90District 2..... ................ ......... 8 10 4.5 48.0 35.2 73.3 .416 19.97 14.62District 3_________________ 4 4 5.5 49.5 47.9 96.8 .463 22.92 22.18District 4 ., .---------------------- 1 0) 0) (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 0)District 5---- --------- ------------ 1 <9 0) (9 (9 <9 (9 (9 0)District 6..... .......................... 2 3 6.0 48.0 40.2 83.8 .569 27.31 22.84District 8............................... 1 0) 0) (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 0)

Total___________________ 19 25 5.3 48.2 41.1 85.3 .455 21.93 18.71Scrubbers, washers, and wipers:

District 1............................... 3 32 5.6 48.8 42.3 86.7 .452 22.06 19.14District 2............................... 10 53 4.1 48.0 34.0 70.8 .395 18.96 13.42District 3....... ...... ................. 5 34 5.5 50.6 46.4 91.7 .375 18.98 17.39District 4 „_ ......................... 1 0) 0) <9 (9 (1) (9 (9 0)District 5............... ............... 2 2 4.0 54.0 28.3 52.4 .444 23.98 12.53District 6.__--------------- ------ 2 6 4.5 48.0 32.9 68.5 .429 20.59 14.12District 8..... .......................... 4 5 5.4 47.4 41.0 86.5 .439 20.81 17.99

Total................................... 27 133 4.9 48.9 39.3 80.4 .407 19.90 15.97Caul pullers:

District 1....... ........................ 3 4 6.0 49.5 46.8 94.5 .493 24.40 23.07District 2___________ ______ 7 14 5.5 48.0 45.2 94.2 .476 22.85 21.52District 3._............................ 4 5 5.4 50.4 44.7 88.7 .419 21.12 18.71District 4........................ ...... 2 2 4.5 46.0 38.8 84.3 .433 19.92 16.80District 6............... ............... 3 4 6.0 49.5 41.8 84.4 .497 24.60 20.75

Total.................................. 19 29 5.6 48.7 44.4 91.2 .469 22.84 20.82Gutters, bung droppers, and rip-

pers-open:District 1 .............................. 3 10 6.0 49.2 49.4 100.4 .464 22.83 22.90District 2............................... 8 19 5.0 48.0 42.8 89.2 .430 20.64 18.38District 3 ........................... 6 19 5.3 49.9 43.0 86.2 .420 20.96 18.07District 4___________ ______ 4 6 5.2 47.3 44.1 93.2 .442 20.91 19.47District 5.......... ..................... 2 3 5.3 52.0 37.7 72.5 .465 24.18 17.52District 6...... ....................... 3 16 5.8 49.5 40.4 81.6 .552 27.32 22.27District 8................................ 2 4 6.0 48.0 42.6 88.8 .471 22.61 20.10

Total....... ...... .................... 28 77 5.4 49.0 43.1 88.0 .461 22.59 19.84Headers and neck trimmers:

District 1....... ....................... 2 9 5.7 48.0 44.8 93.3 .464 22.27 20.80District 2_________________ 10 20 4.9 48.0 37.8 78.8 .420 20.16 15.87District 3............................... 5 9 5.1 50.7 43.7 86.2 .415 21.04 18.14District 4................................ 2 3 5.0 48.0 40.1 83.5 .427 20.50 17.13District 5__............................ 1 0) 0) (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (l)District 6................................ 3 7 6.0 50.6 47.1 93.1 .504 25.50 23.75District 8......................... . 2 2 6.0 48.0 41.8 87.1 .429 20.59 17.89

Total................................ 25 51 5.3 49.1 42.0 85.5 .442 21.70 18.54



WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 8 9

T a b l e A.— Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, by department, sex, occupation, and district— Continued

SHEEP-KILLIN6 AND CALF-KILLING DEPARTMENT-Continued


ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continuedDressers:8

District 1_________________ 2 5 5.8 48.0 49.6 103.3 $0,470(9(9

$22.56(9(9

$23.33(9(9

District 3_________________ 1 <9<9 (9<9 (9<9

(9(9 (9(9District 6_________________ 1

Total................................... 4 7 5.6 48.9 44.8 91.6 .469 22.93 21.02Luggers:

District 1_________________ 3 54 3.8 48.6 35.7 73.5 .470 22.84 16.7718.1817.87(922.80

District 2 ___________ _ _ 9 16 5.3 48.0 43.4 90.4 .419 20.11District 3_____________ _ 4 13 5.2 49.4 44.7 90.5 .400 19.76District 4____________ _ 1 (9

47 <96.0(948.0

(948.6 (9101.3 (9

.469(9

22.51District 6_____________ 2Total___________________ 19 132 4.9 48.4 42.2 87.2 .454 21.97 19.16

Utility men, spellers, handy men, and all-round men:

District 1_____ ___________ 4 12 5.5 48.2 46.7 96.9 .651 31.38 30.4323.04District 2_________________ 12 20 5.6 48.0 45.9 95.6 .502 24.10

District 3......................... ...... 6 14 5.8 48.6 49.3 101.4 .550 26.73 27.10District 4 ___________ _ 1 0)9 (9

5.9 (950.7(952.9

(9104.3

(9.519 (926.31 (927.41

31.29District 6 _____________ 2District 8_________________ 2 4 6.0 47.8 45.5 95.2 .688 32.89

Total................................... 27 60 5.7 48.6 47.9 98.6 .559 27.17 26.80Sheep or calf butchers:

District 1_________________ 3 8 5.4 46.0 45.4 98.7 .723 33.26 32. 79District 2_________________ 7 11 5.6 49.1 49.1 100.0 .640 31.41 31.41District 3.......... ................. . 5 16 5.5 48.8 43.7 89.5 .659 32.16 28.81District 5 ________________ 5 13 4.9 55.7 40.0 71.8 .692 38. 54 27.70

23.98District 6.________________ 2 17 5.9 48.0 42.9 89.4 .559 26.83District 8_________________ 4 18 5.0 47.0 37.2 79.1 .791 37.18 29.39

Total___________________ 26 83 5.4 49.1 42.4 86.4 .672 33.00 28.50AU occupations:

District 1_________________ 4 345 5.4 48.5 45.0 92.8 .493 23.91 22.1919.05District 2............ ...... ............. 16 505 5.0 47.9 40.6 84.8 .469 22.47

District 3__............................ 11 309 5.5 49.8 46.2 92.8 .465 23.16 21.47District 4_________________ 4 60 5.1 47.6 42.4 89.1 .458 21.80 19.45

21.14District 5_________________ 5 27 5.0 53.9 37.0 68.6 .571 30.78District 6_________________ 3 279 5.8 49.3 44.1 89.5 .523 25.78 23.07

22.88District 8_________________ 7 77 5.6 47.7 40.6 85.1 .564 26.90Total.......... ....................... 50 1,602 o. 4 48.7 43.2 88.7 .489 23.81 21.13


MALESChiselers, cheekers, and tem-

plers:District 1................................ 7 34 5.9 49.2 50.3 102.2 $0,494 $24.30 $24.86District 2............................... 16 73 5.2 48.1 40.5 84.2 .472 22.70 19.13District 3............................... 15 73 5.5 49.4 48.2 97.6 .480 23.71 23.10District 4................................ 3 3 4.7 48.0 37.2 77.5 .435 20.88 16.21District 5................................ 6 11 5.4 49.7 34.1 68.6 .480 23.86 16.38District 6............................... 5 11 4.8 54.5 41.1 75.4 .677 36.90 27.83District 7—............................. 1 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9District 8................................ 7 13 5.8 47.1 47.0 99.8 .608 28.64 28.61

Total................................... 60 220 5.4 49.1 44.7 91.0 .497 24.40 22.21

]Data included in total.* Includes rib sawyers or Boston cutters, setters or Boston setters, caul dressers, and dressers.



T a b l e A*— Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 19St, by department, sex, occupation, and district— Continued



Number of establish

ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continued Machine operators: •

District 1............................... 8 49 5.6 49.5 48.2 *97.4 $0,478 $23.66 $23.05District 2................................... 17 98 5.3 48.2 43.4 90.0 .447 21.55 19.41District 3.................................. 17 129 5.7 49.1 46.7 95.1 .448 22.00 20.92District 4................................... a 21 5.0 47.8 41.9 87.7 .432 20.65 18.11District 5................................... 13 49 5.4 52.8 37.6 71.2 .434 22.92 16.33District 6................................... 6 22 5.4 51.6 45.7 88.6 .537 27.71 24.55District 7................................... 3 12 5.6 54.4 48.9 89.9 .444 24.15 21.67District 8.................................. 6 10 5.8 48.0 47.6 99.2 .478 22.94 22.72

Total................................... 76 390 5.5 49.6 44.7 90.1 .455 22.57 20.35

Trimmers:District 1—............................. 7 87 5.8 49.7 50.7 102.0 .504 25.05 25.59District 2................................... 17 170 5.2 48.2 40.8 84.6 .474 22.85 19.34District 3.................................. 17 179 5.6 49.0 46.4 94.7 .448 21.95 20.80District 4................................... 6 29 5.4 47.5 43.3 91.2 .442 21.00 19.13District 5.................................. 12 84 5.3 52.5 37.8 72.0 .475 24.94 17.98District 6................................... 8 35 4.9 52.6 36.7 69.8 .620 32.61 22.77District 7................................ 3 14 4.9 54.7 44.0 80.4 .351 19.20 15.46District 8................................... 6 17 5.5 48.0 45.2 94.2 .466 22.37 21.05

Total.................. ............... 76 615 5.4 49.6 43.5 87.7 .474 23.51 20.61

Pluck trimmers:District 1................................ 8 35 5.9 48.2 52.5 108.9 .461 22.22 24.21District 2—............................. 13 50 5.3 48.0 41.5 86.5 .447 21.46 18.52District 3—............................... 16 55 5.7 49.0 46.9 95.7 .450 22.05 21.10District 4................................... 6 11 5.3 47.8 41.8 87.4 .430 20.55 17.95District 5.................................. 10 16 5.0 51.8 38.0 73.4 .477 24.71 18.13District 6................................... 6 19 5.5 52.1 44.7 85.8 .544 28.34 24.32District 7................................... 2 3 6.0 54.7 61.4 112.2 .433 23.69 26.58District 8................................... 5 7 5.7 48.0 47.8 99.6 .444 21.31 21.23

Total.................................. 66 196 5.5 49.1 45.5 92.7 .461 22.64 20.98

Inspectors and graders:District 1................................ 3 7 6.0 48.9 48.8 99.8 .464 22.69 22.65District 2................................... 7 11 5.2 48.0 45.1 94.0 .426 20.45 19.23District 3................................... 1 (9 (9 (9 (9 P> (9 PIDistrict 5................................... 1 (9 <9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9District 6................................... 2 2 4.5 51.0 37.8 74.1 .576 29.38 21.74District 8................................... 1 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 0)

Total................................. - 15 23 5.4 48.5 45.3 93.4 .441 21.39 19.97

Laborers:District 1................................ 8 59 1 5.8 49.7 52.8 106.2 .427 21.22 22.68District 2................................... 15 106 5.2 48.0 43.4 90.4 .393 18.86 17.04District 3................................... 16 89 5.6 48.9 47.1 96.3 .405 19.80 19.09District 4................................... 5 16 5.1 47.3 41.5 87.7 .359 16.98 14.92District 5................................... 10 26 5.5 52.8 43.9 83.1 .383 20.22 16.81District 6................................... 4 16 5.1 51.4 40.5 78.8 .495 25.44 20.07District 7—............................... 1 0) (9 (9 (9 0) <9 (9

S LDistrict 8................................... 4 7 5.7 48.0 51.3 106.9 .399 19.15

Total................................... 63 321 5.4 49.1 46.0 93.7 .405 19.89 18.65

i Data included in total.• Includes skull splitters, jawbone pullers, horn sawyers, and teeth grinders.


T a b l e A.—*Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, district—Continued




ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percent


worked

Ii

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continuedRippers-open of paunches and

pecks:District 1......................... — 8 14 5,8 49.4 50.4 102.0 $0,467 $23.07 $23.53District 2__________ ______ _ 13 33 5.3 48.0 42.1 87.7 .429 20.59 18.07District 3............................... 15 34 5.5 49.9 46.0 92.2 .439 21.91 20.19District 4.................. ............ 4 9 5.2 49.1 42.6 86.8 .356 17.48 15.16District 5.......... ......... ........... 6 12 4.9 52.4 36.2 69.1 .429 22.48 15.50District 6______ __________ 3 4 5.3 49.5 31.0 62.6 .626 30.99 19.40District 7------ -------------------- 1 0) 0) 0 0) 0) 0) 0) 0District 8—......................... ... 7 8 5.9 47.6 51.9 109.0 .452 21.52 23.49

Total................................- 57 116 5.4 49.3 43.5 88.2 .438 21.59 19.05IWashers and pickers of trim

mings and fat:1-----------

District 1------- ------- ---------- 3 8 6.0 48.8 51.4 105.3 .449 21.91 23.08District 2..............................- 9 26 5.3 48.0 41.4 86.3 .399 19.15 16.52District 3_________ ________ 10 49 5.7 51.2 44.7 87.3 .400 20.48 17.90District 4------------------------- 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0 0 0 0)District 5_________________ 6 9 4.7 50.8 29.6 58.3 .398 20.22 11.77District 6_________________ 4 7 4.7 49.7 30.2 60.8 .577 28.68 17.43District 7____________ ____ - 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0 0 0 0)District 8...................... ......... 3 3 5.0 48.0 48.5 101.0 .427 20.50 20.70i

Total.................... - ........... 37 104 5.4 50.0 42.2 84.4 .413 20.65 i1 17.44Truckers:

District 1............... ............... 6 36 5.5 50.6 47.9 94.7 .424 21.45 20.27District 2_________ ____ ___ 15 79 5.2 48.0 43.2 90.0 .390 18.72 16.87District 3___---------------------- 14 69 5.4 4£7 47.6 97.7 .391 19.04 18.60District 4............................ 2 5 5.0 44.8 43.8 97.8 .364 16.31 15.95District 5— ........................... 5 13 4.5 51.8 30.5 59.5 .381 19.55 11.62District 6_________________ 2 4 5.8 49.5 48.9 98.8 .494 24.45 24.14District 8............ ................... 3 4 6.0 48.0 59.7 124.4 .463 22.22 27.63

Total................................... 47 210 5.3 48.8 45.1 92.4 .399 19.47 18.02Tripe washers:

District 1 .............................. 6 23 5.5 48.6 49.9 102.7 .430 20.90 21.43District 2........................... . 12 20 5.0 48.0 39.3 81.9 .398 19.10 15.67District 3------- ------------------ 12 33 5.7 49.6 48.2 97.2 .420 20.83 20.20District 4....... .............. ......... 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0 0 0 0District 5....... ........................ 8 13 5.0 51.6 39.8 77.1 .409 21.10 16.29District 6-------- ----------------- 5 12 5.2 50.5 37.2 73.7 .638 32.22 23.73District 7........................... 2 2 4.5 54.5 39.1 71.7 .386 21.04 15.11District 8—. .................... ...... 4 5 6.0 48.0 52.4 109.2 .458 21.98 24.02

Total............................... . 50 109 5.4 49.4 44.4 89.9 .439 21.69 19.49Tripe scalders and cookers:

District 1_________ _______ 2 5 6.0 49.2 53.4 108.5 .494 24.30 26.39District 2.............................. 8 11 5.4 48.0 45.1 94.0 .452 21.70 20.39District 3.............................. 6 6 5.8 50.0 51.5 103.0 .445 22.25 22.90District 4_________________ 3 3 5.3 48.0 45.0 93.8 .408 19.58 18.36District 5 „_ ....................... . 2 3 5.7 51.3 48.8 95.1 .442 22.67 21.60District 6............................... 2 4 6.0 52.5 45.9 87.4 .849 44.57 38.94District 8-~............... ............ 3 3 6.0 48.0 51.0 106.3 .419 20.11 21.38

Total................................... 26 35 5.7 49.3 48.3 98.0 .493 24.30 23.81- j.




T a b l e A*—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued



ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour

1Aver


week

1Aver

age amount actually

earned in one week

h a l e s —continued Tripe scrapers and finishers:

District 1— ....... .................- 6 38 5.8 50.3 50.3 100.0 $0.492 $24.73 $24.73District 2......................... — . 14 73 5.3 48.0 42.7 89.0 .449 21.55 19.14District 3.............................. 12 39 5.5 48.9 44.9 91.8 .488 23.86 21.88District 4.............................. 4 10 4.8 46.4 40.4 87.1 .399 18.51 16.13District 5._............................ 8 14 4.6 50.5 29.5 58.4 .436 22.02 12.85District 6—......................... . 3 4 5.5 49.5 40.3 81.4 .600 29.70 24.17District 7................................ 3 3 5.3 53.0 47.7 90.0 .493 26.13 23.50District 8—............................ 4 7 5.4 47.6 46.0 96.6 .472 22.47 21.72

Total................................... 54 188 5.4 48.8 43.7 89.5 .469 22.89 20.48Shavers, cleaners, scrapers, and

singers, pigs' feet:District 1..... .......................... 2 6 5.7 49.0 48.5 99.0 .385 18.87 18.67District 2............................ - 5 12 4.9 49.0 42.5 86.7 .476 23.32 20.25District 3----------- -------------- 11 42 5.5 49.4 46.2 93.5 .421 20.80 19.47District 4............................... 2 2 5.0 47.0 45.8 97.4 .529 24.86 24.20District 5....................... ........ 4 11 5.1 55.6 44.6 80.2 .455 25.30 I 20.26District 6._______ ________ 2 3 0.0 56.0 48.7 87.0 .525 29.40 25.57District 7............... ...... ......... 1 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 )District 8............................ . 3 3 5.0 48.0 52.5 109.4 .451 21.65 23.67

Total................................... 30 81 5.3 50.4 46.0 91.3 .438 22.08 20.17Splitters and trimmers, pigs'

feet:District 1—.......... ............... . 1 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 )District 2......................... ...... 5 9 5.4 48.0 45.1 94.0 .481 23.09 21.67District 3-------------------------- 8 27 5.5 49.3 45.6 92.5 .424 20.90 19.36District 8.................... ........... 2 2 5.5 48.0 49.9 104.0 .475 22.80 23.70

Total........................... ...... 16 39 5.5 48.8 46.4 95.1 .452 22.06 20.98Finishers, pigs’ feet:

District 2............................... 1 3 6.0 48.0 50.7 105.6 .370 17.76 18.75District 3......................... ...... 3 6 5.8 52.0 49.5 95.2 .445 23.14 22.01District 8............................... 1 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 )

Total................................... 5 11 5.6 50.2 45.8 91.2 .422 21.18 19.33Utility men, slunk skinners, and

spell men:District 1....... ........................ 9 35 5.8 49.7 53.6 107.8 .484 24.05 25.97District 2................................ 15 49 5.5 48.1 47.4 98.5 .459 22.08 21.74District 3............... ................ 14 83 5.8 48.8 51.7 105.9 .461 22.50 23.85District 4............................... 2 10 5.6 48.0 43.1 89.8 .428 20.54 18.41District 5............................... 5 8 5.6 50.1 43.1 86.0 .471 23.60 20.30District 6............................... 4 8 5.6 51.8 45.7 88.2 .583 30.20 26.64District 7................................ 2 2 5.0 54.5 42.5 78.0 .385 20.98 16.34District 8................................ 2 2 4.0 48.0 37.3 77.7 .458 21.98 17.05

Total................................... 53 197 5.7 49.0 49.7 101.4 .468 22.93 23.25FEHALES

Chiselers, cheekers, and tempters:

District 2................................District 5................................

11

0 )0 )

0 )0 ) 8 0 )

0 ) 8 8 0 )0 )

0 )0 )

Total................................... 2 2 5.5 51.0 37.9 74.3 .422 21.52 16.00

i Data included in total.



OFFAL (OTHER THAN HIDES AND CASINGS) DEPARTMENT-Continued



ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percent


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

females—continued Machine operators: •

District 1................................ 2 2 5.5 46.0 42.3 92.0 $0,376 $17.30 $15.89District 2................................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 3................................ 2 2 5.0 48.0 42.5 88.5 .279 13.39 11.86District 5................................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)

Total................................... 6 6 5.0 48.3 41.0 84.9 .324 15.65 13.30Trimmers:

District 1............................... 5 53 5.6 49.5 44.6 90.1 .331 16.38 14.77District 2............ ................... 9 41 5.0 48.3 39.3 81.4 .295 14.25 11.60District 3................................ 9 48 5.1 48.0 44.5 92.7 .318 15.26 14.17District 4................................ 3 6 5.0 47.0 39.9 84.9 .276 12.97 11.00District 5................................ 8 23 5.2 50.1 31.4 62.7 .292 14.63 9.16District 6................................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 7............................... 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)

Total................................... 36 173 5.3 48.8 41.4 84.8 .313 15.27 12.97Pluck trimmers:

District 1.............................. . 1 3 5.7 54.0 42.7 79.1 .312 16.85 13.33District 2................................ 6 16 4.6 49.5 37.3 75.4 .360 17.82 13.41District 3................................ 3 4 .5.5 48.0 47.5 99.0 .258 12.38 12.25District 5................................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 6.............................. . 1 0 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 7................................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)

Total................................... 13 27 5.1 50.2 40.9 81.5 .325 16.32 13.30Inspectors and graders:

District 2________ _______ 2 3 6.3 48.0 40.8 85.0 .261 12.53 10.66District 4....... ...... ................. 1 0) 0) 0) 0) V) 0) 0) 0)District 5................................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 8............................... 1 5 6.0 44.0 60.6 137.7 .306 13.46 18.54

Total................................... 6 10 5.5 46.6 49.0 105.2 .285 13.28 13.97Packers:

District 1................................ 2 12 5.3 48.0 44.4 92.5 .349 16.75 15.51District 2................................ 6 16 5.8 48.0 44.7 93.1 .307 14.74 13.73District 3............................... 3 14 5.3 51.0 44.0 86.3 .295 15.05 12.98District 5................................ 2 4 5.3 48.0 31.8 66.3 .238 11.42 7.59District 8................................ 1 5 5.8 48.0 39.0 81.3 .277 13.30 10.79

Total............ - ..................... 14 51 5.5 48.8 42.9 87.9 .307 14.98 13.17Miscellaneous workers:10

District 1_________ ________ 4 17 6.6 48.9 44.7 91.4 .344 16.82 15.37District 2............................... 7 36 4.9 50.3 36.7 73.0 .341 17.15 12.50District 3............................... 6 22 4.1 48.0 36.1 75.2 .237 11.38 8.54District 5................................ 5 18 5.3 49.3 35.5 72.0 .283 13.95 10.04District 7................................ 1 3 6.0 48.0 51.1 106.5 .325 15.60 16.60

Total................................... 22 96 5.0 49.3 38.2 77.5 .308 15.18 11.77

Shavers, cleaners, scrapers, and singers, pigs’ feet:

District 2................................ 3 5 5.6 49.2 41.4 84.1 .330 16.24 13.64District 3................................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 5................................ 3 3 5.3 50.7 44.2 87.2 .299 15.16 13.20District 6................................ 1 4 5.8 48.0 44.3 92.3 .329 15.79 14.58

Total................................... 8 14 5.4 49.0 39.7 81.0 .320 15.68 12.68

1 Data included in total.9 Includes skull splitters, jawbone pullers, horn sawyers, and teeth grinders.

Includes laborers, rippers-open of paunches and pecks, washers and pickers of trimmings and fat; tripe washers, scalders, cookers, scrapers, and finishers; and finishers of pigs’ feet.

148227°—33------7


T a b l e A.— Average days on v)hich wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time workedt 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

OFFAL (OTHER THAN HIDES AND CASINGS) DEPARTMENT— Continued



ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

females—continuedSplitters and trimmers, pigs’

feet:District 1 .............................. 2 8 5.4 50.3 42.7 84.9 $0,421 $21.18 $17.98District 2_.............................. 1 0) 0 ) <*) 0) (0 0 ) 0 ) (*)District 3................................ 2 4 5.8 48.0 43.4 90.4 .304 14.59 13.17

Total................................... 5 14 5.6 49.3 44.5 90.3 .363 17.90 16.16MALES

All occupations:District 1............................... 10 437 5.8 49.5 50.8 102.6 ,470 23.27 23.85District 2__......................................... 17 823 5.2 48.1 42.5 88.4 .440 21.16 18.69District 3................................ 17 914 5.6 49.2 47.2 95.9 .439 21.60 20.72District 4............................... 7 121 5.2 47.5 41.9 88.2 .414 19.67 17.36District 5................................ 13 270 5.2 52.2 37.7 72.2 .443 23.12 16.72District 6.......................................... 8 151 5.2 51.9 40.7 78.4 .584 30.31 23.79District 7............................... 4 45 5.1 54.2 45.4 83.8 .403 21.84 18.31District 8................................ 9 94 5.6 47.8 48.1 100.6 .474 22.66 22.78

Total.................................. 85 2,855 5.4 49.3 44.9 91.1 .452 22.28 20.29FEMALES

All occupations:District 1............... ............... 6 95 5.6 49.3 44.3 89.9 .343 16.91 15.22District 2................. .............. 14 121 5.1 49.1 39.4 80.2 .319 15.66 12.57District 3................................ 10 96 4.9 48.4 42.0 86.8 .294 14.23 12.36District 4................................ 4 7 5.0 47.1 40.1 85.1 .268 12.62 10.75District 5................................ 9 53 5.2 50.0 34.1 68.2 .286 14.30 9.75District 6................................ 2 6 5.8 50.0 43.7 87.4 .317 15.85 13.85District 7............................... 1 5 6.0 48.0 51.2 106.7 .330 15.84 16.89District 8................................ 2 10 5.9 46.0 49.8 108.3 .294 13.52 14.67

Total................................... 48 393 5.2 49.0 41.0 83.7 .314 15.39 12.87MALES AND FEMALES

All occupations: 11District 1................................ 10 532 5.7 49.5 49.6 100.2 .450 22.28 22.31District 2....... ....................... 17 944 5.2 48.2 42.1 87.3 .425 20.49 17.91District 3................................ 17 1,010 5.5 49.1 46.7 95.1 .427 20.97 19.92District 4................................ 7 128 5.2 47.5 41.8 88.0 .406 19.29 17.00District 5............................... 13 323 5.2 51.8 37.2 71.8 .419 21.70 15.58District 6............................... 9 157 5.2 51.8 40.8 78.8 .573 29.68 23.41District 7................................ 4 50 5.2 53.6 46.0 85.8 .395 21.17 18.17District 8................................ 9 104 5.6 47.6 48.3 101.5 .456 21.71 22.00

Total.................................. 86 3,248 5.4 49.3 44.4 90.1 .436 21.49 19.39

HIDE DEPARTMENT

MALES

Inspectors, graders, and trimmers:

District 1................................ 4 43 5.6 49.5 45.5 91.9 $0,495 $24.50 $22.54District 2................................ 15 95 5.4 48.2 43.8 90.9 .453 21.83 19.83District 3 ............................... 14 53 5.5 49.3 46.5 94.3 .494 24.35 22.96District 4................................ 6 24 5.3 47.8 42.6 89.1 .432 20.65 18.44District 5................................ 8 15 5.1 50.9 39.6 77.8 .519 26.42 20.54District 6................................ 3 11 5.3 49.1 38.4 78.2 .570 27.99 21.91District 7................................ 3 5 5.0 52.6 44.7 85.0 .448 23.56 20.02District 8—................. - ......... 5 7 5.6 47.6 48.3 101.5 .515 24.51 24.88

Total................................... 58 253 5.4 48.9 44.2 90.4 .477 23.33 21.09

iData included in total.



HIDE DEPARTMENT—Continued

WAGES AND HOURS OP LABOR, 1931 95


Average

daysNum Num onber of ber of whichestab wage wagelish earn earn

ments ers ers worked in one week

Aver-

timehoursper

week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percent


worked

Average

earnings

’ per hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

m a l e s — co n tin u e dSpreaders and salters:

District 1......................District 2....................District 3......................District 4_....................District 5......................District 6......................'District 7.....................District 8......................

5.6 5.45.84.8 5.1 5.34.75.7

49.348.249.6 47.852.750.651.347.6

47.242.948.437.042.5 39.736.552.1

95.789.097.677.480.678.5 71.2

109.5

$0,446.424.437.393.438-.515.377

$21.9920.4421.6818.7923.0826.0619.3425.51

Total.. 63 307 5.4 49.2 44.8 91.1 .443 21.80Laborers:

District 1_. District 2.. District 3.. District 4.. District 5.. District 6.. District 7.. District 8..

Total— .All occupations:

District 1___District 2___District 3___District 4___D is tr ic t 5___District 6___District 7___District 8___

79218143582038

<*>18

5.34.44.32.34.3 3.9

0)5.5

48.948.248.546.849.149.7(*)48.0

41.834.1 34.615.8 29.427.8 (l)50.1

85.570.7 71.333.859.955.9 0)104.4

.447

.405

.376

.355

.351

.4390).367

2 1 .8 619.5218.2416.6117.2321.820)17.62

41 576 4.3 48.4 33.4 69.0 .400 19.36

182409267102

53721041

5.44.94.93.54.84.54.95.6

49.248.2 49.047.350.849.951.747.8

44.438.440.7 26.236.733.241.2 50.6

90.279.783.155.472.266.579.7

105.9

.458

.423

.422

.395

.436

.491

.401

.459

22.5320.3920 .6 818.6822.1524.5020.7321.94

Total.. 1,136 4,8 48.7 38.9 79.9 .433 21.09

$21.0318.1921.1814.5418.6020.4813.7427.9319.86

18.6913.8213.025.59

10.3112.18<*>18.3713.36

20.37 16.24 17.1610.37 16.02 16.32 16.51 23.2116.84

CASING DEPARTMENT

Casing..District -1. District 2. District 3.. District 4.. District 5. District 6_. District 7.. District 8..

Total....

Strippers: District 1_. District 2.. District 3.. District 4.. District 5.. District 6.. District 7.. District 8..

or runners:

76

Total..

I

1091772162688561824

714

5.75.45.75.05.45.35.15.4

5,5

5.85.25.54.9 5.15.55.35.9

5.4

49.348.3 49.047.551.553.654.747.849.6

49.748.248.7 46.450.2 52.9 53.0 47.649.1

47.242.547.440.1 37.8 43.749.1 47.0

44.5

48.942.347.5 41.039.348.349.6 51.545.7

95.7 88.096.784.473.481.589.8 98.3

89.7

98.4 87.897.5 88.478.391.393.6

108.293.1

$0,483.462.484.453.435.537.415

.476

.440

.432

.411

.399

.421

.462

.362

.483

$23.8122.3123.7221.5222.4028.7822.7024.86

23.61

21.87 20.82 20.02 18.51 21.13 24.44 19.19 22.99

$22.82 19.65 22.96 18.16 16.44 23.49 20.38 24.4021.16

21.51 18.27 19.53 16.36 16.56 22.30 17.97 24.85

19.58

’Data included in total.


T able A*—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued




ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percent


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continued Fatters and slimers:

District 1................................ 6 91 5.4 48.9 46.8 95.7 $0,509 $24.89 $23.81District 2................................ 17 163 5.3 48.1 42.5 88.4 .477 22.94 20.30District 3................................ 14 122 5.6 49.2 47.9 97.4 .476 23.42 22.77District 4................................ 6 29 4.9 47.5 39.4 82.9 .461 21.90 18.18District 5................................ 12 44 5.1 52.6 42.6 81.0 .458 24.09 19.54District 6................................ 5 43 4.7 50.4 37.2 73.8 .548 27.62 20.34District 7................................ 3 9 5.1 52.9 44.9 84.9 .437 23.12 19.63District 8................................ 9 25 5.6 47.8 50.1 104.8 .507 24.23 25.42

Total................................... 72 526 5.3 49.1 44.3 90.2 .486 23.86 21.53Turners:

District 1................................ 4 19 5.4 49.7 47.0 94.6 .455 22.61 21.39District 2................................ 15 33 5.3 48.2 43.4 90.0 .426 20.53 18.46District 3—............................. 10 20 5.5 48.9 44.0 90.0 .437 21.37 19.24District 4................................ 3 7 5.0 46.9 40.1 85.5 .409 19.18 16.40District 5................................ 6 9 5.1 50.0 38.3 76.6 .436 21.80 16.68District 6................................ 2 4 4.0 51.0 31.5 61.8 .709 36.16 22.34District 7............................... 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0District 8................................ 5 5 6.0 47.4 50.9 107.4 .431 20.43 21.95

Total................................... 46 98 5.3 48.8 43.5 89.1 .441 21.52 19.19Blowers, graders, and inspectors:

District 1................................ 5 33 5.8 48.5 51.4 106.0 .498 24.15 25.62District 2................................ 15 76 5.3 48.2 43.1 89.4 .453 21.83 19.54District 3................................ 13 43 5.7 49.5 49.2 99.4 .463 22.92 22.78District 4................................ 6 13 5.2 47.5 42.3 89.1 .403 19.14 17.06District 5.............................. 9 17 4.9 53.3 41.1 77.1 .452 24.09 18.61District 6................................!1 4 14 5.3 52.7 48.3 91.7 .474 24.98 22.90District 7............... ............... 2 7 6.0 54.1 46.3 85.6 .326 17.64 15.07District 8................................ 7 17 5.5 47.6 47.3 99.4 .528 25.13 24.97

Total................................... 61 220 5.4 49.3 46.1 93.5 .463 22.83 21.36Measurers and bunchers:

District 1................................ 4 15 5.7 49.0 49.8 101.6 .510 24.99 25.41District 2................................ 13 28 5.6 48.2 46.8 97.1 .414 19.95 19.34District 3................................ 8 11 5.7 50.2 51.6 102.8 .468 23.49 24.17District 4................................ 2 5 4.6 46.4 40.7 87.7 .386 17.91 16.71District 5................................ 4 15 5.0 55.5 45.4 81.8 .388 21.53 17.63District 6................................ 3 7 5.3 51.4 44.1 85.8 .493 25.34 21.73District 7................................ 2 2 6.0 54.5 57.9 106.2 .463 25.23 26.82District 8................................ 2 3 6.0 48.0 51.5 107.3 .399 19.15 20.52

Total................................... 38 86 5.5 50.2 47.5 94.6 .440 22.09 20.92Salters and packers:

District 1................................ 5 44 5.8 49.1 47.8 97.4 .515 25.29 24.60District 2................................ 14 52 5.6 48.1 48.7 101.2 .446 21.45 21.68District 3................................ 14 42 5.8 48.4 52.2 107.9 .468 22.65 24.43District 4................................ 4 9 5.6 47.1 46.3 98.3 .452 21.29 20.92District 5................................ 7 11 5.7 52.7 48.6 92.2 .433 22.82 21.05District 6................................ 4 9 5.6 52.7 46.1 87.5 .490 25.82 22.63District 7................................ 1 0 0) (1) 0) 0 0 0 0District 8............................ . 9 9 5.7 47.7 49.2 103.1 .531 25.33 26.14

Total........ .......................... 58 177 5.7 48.9 49.1 100.4 .474 23.18 23.24Trimmers of casings:

District 1................................ 7 37 5.5 49.1 46.4 94.5 .463 22.73 21.52District 2................................ 15 74 5.4 48.2 42.9 89.0 .447 21.55 19.17District 3................................ 15 73 5.5 48.6 47.8 98.4 .477 23.18 22.81District 4................................ 4 13 5.4 47.4 40.7 85.9 .415 19.67 16.89District 5................................ 9 24 5.3 52.9 42.6 80.5 .489 25.87 20.87District 6................................ 5 17 4.6 50.8 38.1 75.0 .554 28.14 21.09District 7 ............................... 2 2 6.5 54.5 640 117.4 .514 28.01 32.87District 8................................ 8 18 5.8 47.8 48.9 102.3 .460 21.99 22.49

Total................................... 65 258 5.4 49.0 44.9 91.6 .469 22.98 21.04



T able A*—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Cfontinued




ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continuedBlowers and tiers of bladders and

weasands:District 1................................ 1 3 6.0 48.0 48.3 100.6 $0,455 $21.84 $21.99District 2............................... 4 7 5.3 48.0 43.7 91.0 .488 23.42 21.35District 3................................ 2 2 5.5 51.0 48.3 94.7 .427 21.78 20.61District 4................................ 1 0) (0 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) (0 0 )District 5................................ 2 2 6.0 48.0 42.2 87.9 .350 16.80 14.75District 6................................ 1 (0 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 )

Total.......... ........................ 11 17 5.6 48.4 44.8 92.6 .456 22.07 20.4LCleaners and washers of casings,

bladders, weasands, and chitterlings:

District 1................................ 3 4 5.8 54.5 54.8 100.6 .427 23.27 23.39District 2.............................. . 10 23 5.7 48.0 45.2 94.2 .399 19.15 18.04District 3.............................. - 12 40 5.7 48.8 47.3 96.9 .394 19.23 18.60District 4_.............................. 4 5 5.2 46.4 41.4 89.2 .386 17.91 15.97District 5................................ 6 16 5.8 52.7 36.2 68.7 .370 19.50 13.39District 6............................ . 3 5 5.6 51.6 42.1 81.6 .432 22.29 18.20District 7................................ 2 6 6.0 54.3 49.9 91.9 .443 24.05 22.12District 8................................ 5 6 6.0 47.0 50.2 106.8 .610 28.67 30.59

Total................................. 45 105 5.7 49.7 45.2 90.9 .412 20.48 18.61General workers:

District 1................................ 5 11 5.8 48.6 53.0 109.1 .570 27.70 30.22District 2.............................. . 12 24 5.6 48.3 49.9 103.3 .556 26.85 27.71District 3................................ 10 17 5.9 49.1 52.4 106.7 .554 27.20 29.06District 4............................... 2 3 5.3 48.0 47.3 98.5 .621 29.81 29.37District 5............................... 8 12 5.8 50.8 49.3 97.0 .625 31.75 30.83District 6......................... ...... 4 6 6.0 53.0 53.7 101.3 .533 28.25 28.60District 7................................ 2 3 5.7 51.7 51.7 100.0 .523 27.00 27.00District 8................................ 5 6 5.3 47.5 48.7 102.5 .578 27.46 28.15

Total.................................. 48 82 5.7 49.2 50.9 103.5 .568 27.95 28.92Laborers:

District 1................................ 5 32 5.5 50.7 46.9 92.5 .415 21.04 19.43District 2............................ 12 34 5.0 48.9 39.0 79.8 .388 18.97 15.15District 3................................ 14 42 5.2 48.7 43.7 89.7 .383 18.65 16.73District 4................................ 3 4 5.3 48.5 43.5 89.7 .398 19.30 17.32District 5................................ 2 2 4.0 54.0 33.4 61.9 .333 17.98 11.11District 6.............................. . 1 3 6.0 54.0 45.5 84.3 .360 19.44 16.39District 8_............... .............. 7 11 5.4 47.5 46.4 97.7 .405 19.24 18.76

Total................................... 44 128 5.2 49.3 43.3 87.8 .394 19.42 17.09Truckers:

District 1................................ 3 11 6.0 48.9 53.3 109.0 .425 20.78 22.64District 2................................ 4 9 5.6 48.7 46.6 95.7 .382 18.60 17.83District 3................................ 8 11 5.5 48.5 49.5 102.1 .397 19.25 19.66District 5................................ 4 12 5.4 54.9 37.2 67.8 .388 21.30 14.41District 6............................... 1 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) (0 0 ) 0 ) (0 (0District 8................................ 2 4 4.5 48.0 40.7 84.8 .454 21.79 18.49

Total................................... 22 48 5.5 50.4 46.5 92.3 .404 20.36 18.78FEMALES

Casing pullers or runners:District 1................................ 1 3 6.0 54.0 43.7 80.9 .320 17.28 13.96District 2............................... 4 11 5.4 48.0 31.9 66.5 .289 13.87 9.22District 3................................ 3 10 4.7 48.0 45.3 94.4 .338 16.22 15.33District 4............................... 2 2 5.0 46.0 36.0 78.3 .280 12.88 10.08District 5—............................ 2 2 5.0 51.0 34.4 67.5 .309 15.76 10.64District 7................................ 1 5 5.6 48.0 46.9 97.7 .300 14.40 14.05

Total................................... 13 33 5.2 48.6 39.7 81.7 .312 15.16 12.37

iData included in total.






!

Number of establish

ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percent


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

females—continuedStrippers:

District 1_______ __________ 1 0)130)5.3 0)48.0

(040.2 0)83.8

0)$0,300

0)(*)

0)$14.40

0)0)

0)$12.03(0

District 2............................... 4District 3.................... .......... 1 0)

(00)(>)

0)<9

0)0)

0)District 5.__....... ................... 1 (0 (!)

T ota l__________________ 7 17 5.5 49.1 42.1 85.7 .303 14.88 12.75Turners:

District 1_________________ 2 6 5.8 47.3 49.1 103.8 .325 15.37 15.97District 2_________________ 2 2 5.5 48.0

0)44.5 92.7 .284 13.63 12.63

District 3_________________ 1 0)0)

0) 0)(0

0) (0 0)0)

0)District 5_________________ 1 (i) (i) (i) (0 0)

Total................................... 6 11 5.3 48.2 43.7 90.7 .311 14.99 13.58Blowers, graders, and inspectors:

District 1_________ ____ ___ 4 81 5.6 49.1 45.1 91.9 .378 18.56 17.02District 2_________________ 13 66 5.5 48.0 44.3 92.3 .309 14.83 13.70District 3................................ 11 145 5.6 48.8 47.1 96.5 .294 14.35. 13.86District 4_________________ 1 0)32 0)5.3 0)49.9 0)38.7 0)77.6

(0.272

(013.57 (010.52District 5_________________ 5

District 6_ _ _ ......................... .................. 2 18 5.5 48.0 40.3 84.0 .335 16.08 13.49District 8............ ................... 2 4 6.0 47.3 47.3 100.0 .401 18.97 18.97

Total—_________________ 38 347 5.5 48.7 44.9 92.2 .318 15.49 14.27Measurers and bunchers:

District 1............ ................... 3 13 5.5 48.9 46.3 94.7 .358 17.51 16.56District 2............................ . 8 18 5.7 48.0 43.3 90.2 .311 14.93 13.47District 3_________________ 8 28 5.7 48.4 48.9 101.0 .302 14.62 14.76District 5_________________ 2 2 5.5 51.0 35.3 69.2 .308 15.71 10.87District 6_________________ 1 0) 5 0)

5.80)48.0

0)46.6 0)

97.10).363 0)17.42 0)16.91District 8_________________ 2

Total______ ____________ 24 67 5.7 48.4 46.3 95.7 .320 15.49 14.84

Salters and packers:District 1.......... ..................... 2 2 6.0 46.0 55.9 121.5 .314 14.44 17.58District 2....... ..................... 3 7 5.7 48.0 47.6 99.2 .302 14.50 14.37District 3..... .......................... 4 5 4.0 48.0 36.8 76.7 .286 13.73 10.51

Total................................... 9 14 5.1 47.7 45.0 94.3 .299 14.26 13.45

Trimmers of casings:District 1________ _________ 2 7 6.0 50.6 48.4 95.7 .347 17.56

i16.78

District 2_________________ 6 27 5.2 48.0 42.6 88.8 .296 14.21 12.61District 3_________________ 3 14 5.0 48.0 43.1 89.8 .287 13.78 12.36District 4_________________ 1 3 4.7 48.0 36.7 76.5 .230 11.04 8.43District 5....... ............... ........ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)

Total___________________ 13 53 5.2 48.6 43.0 88.5 . 286 14.39 12.74

Blowers and tiers of bladders and weasands:

District 1_________________ 1 0)0)

20)0)6.0

0)0)48.0

0)(l)53.8

0)0)112.1

(9<*).341

0)0)16.37

0)0)18.33

District 2................................ 1District 3_________________ 2

Total______ ____________ 4 4 6.0 49.5 49.5 100.0 .332 16.43 16.43

* Data Included in total.


WAGES AND HOURS OP LABOR, 1931 9 9




ments


Average days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

FEMALES— co n tin u e d

Cleaners and washers of casings, bladders, weasands, and chitterlings:

79.3District 1................................ 3 24 5.8 50.3 39.9 $0.311 $15.64 $12.40District 2................................ 7 46 5.3 48.0 36.2 75.4 .284 13.63 10.27District 3............................... 2 14 4.4 48.0 39.8 82.9 .247 11.86 9.83District 5.......................................... 2 2 4.0 51.0 32.3 63.3 .261 13.31 8.43District 6.......................................... 1 3 5.0 48.0 40.0 83.3 .291 13.97 11.66

Total............ ...................... 15 89 5.3 48.7 37.8 77.6 .285 13.88 10.78G enera l w o rk e r s :11

District 1............................... 2 3 5.7 50.7 39.8 78.5 .277 14.04 11.03District 2............................... 6 24 5.3 48.0 41.5 86.5 .285 13.68 11.83District 3............................... 2 7 3.7 48.0 35.0 72.9 .264 12.67 9.22District 5................................ 1 3 5.7 54.0 48.6 90.0 .230 12.42 11.16District 8................................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) (0 0)

Total................................... 12 38 5.1 48.7 40.8 83.8 .276 13.44 11.25MALES

All occupations:District 1............................... 8 464 5.6 49.3 48.0 97.4 .481 23.71 23.09District 2........................... 17 773 5.4 48.2 43.4 90.0 .453 21.83 19.67District 3............................... 17 728 5.6 48.9 47.8 97.8 .459 22.45 21.97District 4.........................— 7 126 5.1 47.3 41.3 87.3 .436 20.62 17.98District 5.......... .......... ......... 13 281 5.3 52.2 40.5 77.6 . 444 23.18 18.00District 6______________________ 7 182 5.1 52.2 42.6 81.6 .519 27.09 22.14District 7.......... .................... 4 52 5.5 53.9 49.2 91.3 .418 22. 53 20.59District 8............................... 10 142 5.6 47.7 48.6 101.9 .498 23. 75 24.21

Total............................... . 83 2,748 5.4 49.3 45.3 91.9 .464 22.88 21.02FEMALES

All occupations:District 1............................... 4 142 5.7 49.5 44.7 90.3 .357 17.67 15.95District 2............................... 14 215 5.4 48.0 41.2 85.8 .298 14.30 12.28District 3............................... 11 228 5.4 48.6 45.9 94.4 .293 14.24 13.46District 4............................... 2 6 4.3 47.3 33.0 69.8 .246 11.64 8.11District 5.......................................... 6 45 5.4 50.7 38.9 76.7 .272 13.79 10.58District 6 . . . .................................... 2 22 5.5 48.0 40.6 84.6 .330 15.84 13.40District 7............................... 1 5 5.6 48.0 46.9 97.7 .300 14.40 14.05District 8............................... 5 10 5.9 47.7 46.7 97.9 .370 17.65 17.28

Total................................. 45 673 5.4 48.7 43.4 89.1 .309 15.05 13.43MALES AND FEMALES

All occupations:District 1............................... 8 606 5.6 49.3 47.3 95.9 .453 22.33 21.41District 2................................ 17 988 5.4 48.2 42.9 89.0 .421 20.29 18.06District 3_............................. 17 956 5.5 48.8 47.4 97.1 .421 20.54 19.94District 4............................... 7 132 5.1 47.3 40.9 86.5 .429 20.29 17.53District 5__............................ 13 326 5.3 52.0 40.3 77.5 .421 21.89 16.97District 6.......................................... 7 204 5.2 51.? 42.4 82.0 .500 25.85 21.20District 7............................... 4 57 5.5 53.4 49.0 91.8 .409 21.84 20.01District 8............................... 10 152 5.6 47.7 48.5 101.7 .490 23.37 23.75

Total................................... 83 3,421 5.4 49.2 44.9 91.3 .435 21.40 19.53

i Data included in total.H Includes fatters, slimers, and laborers.






ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

MALESRibbers:

District 1...................... ......... 4 13 6.0 49.2 54.3 110.4 $0,559.507

$27.5024.34

$30.3622.67District 2_„........................... 13 24 5.5 48.0 44.7 93.1

District 3—............................. 12 16 6.0 49.1 53.7 109.4 .487 23.91 26.16District 4__.................... ........ 5 7 5.6 47.4 44.1 93.0 .450 21.33 19.88District 5...................... ......... 3 8 5.9 49.3 48.6 98.6 .492 24.26 23.91District 8................................ 3 4 5.8 48.0 51.0 106.3 .533 25.58 27.21

Total___________________ 40 72 5.8 48.6 49.2 101.2 .508 24.69 24.95Laborers:

District 1................................ 8 329 5.8 48.6 52.1 107.2 .435 21.14 22.67District 2............................... 16 422 5.4 48.0 44.1 91.9 .402 19.30 17.75District 3................................ 15 318 5.6 48.8 45.4 93.0 .399 19.47 18.15District 4................................ 5 90 4.9 47.5 38.5 81.1 .373 17.72 14.37District 5—- ......................... 8 49 5.9 51.2 44.3 86.5 .391 20.02 17.33District 6______________ . 3 39 6.0 49.7 50.1 100.8 .444 22.07 22.26District 7___________ _____ 2 7 6.1 53.4 58.9 110.3 .402 21.47 23.70District 8________________ 7 48 5.8 48.2 51.1 106.0 .424 20.44 21.65

T otal................................. 64 1,302 5.6 48.5 46.6 96.1 .411 19.93 19.15Luggers and lifters:

District 1.......... ..................... 7 125 5.3 49.8 46.4 93.2 .523 26.05 24.25District 2............................... 15 108 5.5 48.0 44.3 92.3 .503 24.14 22.27District 3___________ ______ 14 103 5.9 50.0 47.5 95.0 .474 23.70 22.52District 4....... ....................... 5 21 5.5 47.0 41.3 87.9 .443 20.82 18.30District 5__............ .............. 6 44 5.8 52.7 49.2 93.4 .445 23.45 21.93District 6_________________ 3 24 5.7 48.5 43.9 90.5 .557 27.01 24.46District 7__________ _______ 1 3 6.7 54.0 62.1 115.0 .450 24.30 27.96District 8................................ 5 44 5.9 48.7 52.0 106.8 .427 20.79 22.22

Total................................... 56 472 5.6 49.4 46.7 94.5 .488 24.11 22.78Sawyers, power:

District 1................................ 5 9 5.9 48.4 53.2 109.9 .471 22.80 25.02District 2_________________ 7 10 5.7 48.0 46.6 97.1 .477 22.90 22.26District 3................................ 2 3 4.7 50.0 49.5 99.0 .411 20.55 20.33District 4_________________ 3 4 5.3 48.0 45.8 95.4 .411 19.73 18.85District 6................................ 2 6 6.0 49.0 44.0 89.8 .521 25.53 22.92District 8.................... ........... 2 3 6.0 48.0 51.0 106.3 .468 22.46 23.86

Total................................... 21 35 5.7 48.5 48.4 99.8 .468 22.70 22.67

Ham facers, strippers, and markers:

District l._ ....... .................... 4 11 5.8 49.9 40.5 81.2 .607 30.29 24.55District 2.............................. . 7 14 5.6 48.0 44.6 92.9 .568 27.26 25.30District 3............................... 2 6 5.8 52.0 48.2 92.7 .701 36.45 33.75District 4............................... 3 6 5.3 48.0 47.8 99.6 .410 19.68 19.59District8.............................. . 1 3 6.0 48.0 48.0 100.0 .625 30.00 30.00

Total................................... 17 40 5.7 49.1 44.7 91.0 .578 28.38 25.86Boners:

District 1_________ ________ 6 85 5.2 48.7 25.9 53.2 .779 37.94 20.20District 2 ............................... 15 97 5.3 48.1 40.9 85.0 .651 31.31 26.61District 3 ............................... 16 131 5.6 49.8 45.5 91.4 .613 30.53 27.86District 4....... ........................ 6 45 4.8 47.6 34.9 73.3 .700 33.32 24.46District 5 ............................... 8 36 5.7 53.1 45.4 85.5 .545 28.94 24.70District 6—............................. 3 9 5.6 51.3 45.6 88.9 .622 31.91 28.37District 7 .. ........ ................... 3 17 4.2 52.2 40.9 78.4 .506 26.41 20.67District 8_________________ 6 47 5.4 48.1 47.4 98.5 .535 25.73 25.36

Total.___ _______________ 63 467 5.3 49.2 40.0 81.3 .629= = 1

30.95 25.13


T a b l e A.—Average days on which wage earners workedf average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week9 average earnings per hourf and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

CUTTING—FEESH-BEEF DEPARTMENT—Continued



ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percent


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

hales—continued

Trimmers:District 1................................ 4 10 5.7 50.0 44.8 89.6 $0,507 $25.35 $22.69District 2................................ 10 25 5.3 48.0 43.0. 89.6 .470 22.56 20.24District 8—............................. 12 46 5.3 51.1 43.9 85.9 .493 25.19 21.64District 4................................ 5 15 4.6 47.5 35.6 74.9 .417 19.81 14.86District 5................................ 2 9 6.0 53.3 51.6 96.8 .517 27.56 26.67District 6............................... 2 2 5.5 51.0 36.8 72.2 .493 25.14 18.14District 7................................ 1 0) (*) 0) (*) (*) 0) (*)District 8__............................. 1 4 6.0 48.0 56.4 117.5 .438 21.02 24.69

Total................................... 37 121 5.4 49.9 43.8 87.8 .482 24.05 21.12Utility men, handy men, spell

men, assistant foremen, and straw bosses:

District 1................................ 6 34 5.9 48.5 51.6 106.4 .557 27.01 28.73District 2.„......... - ................. 14 37 5.8 48.3 46.9 97.1 .584 28.21 27.39District 3.... ........................... 12 32 6.0 49.0 50.0 102.0 .595. 29.16 29.70District 4................................ 4 7 5.9 47.1 47.8 101.5 .572 26.94 27.33District 5—............................. 6 17 6.1 50.1 50.4 100.6 .683 34.22 34.47District 6................................ 3 5 6.0 49.2 44.2 89.8 .688 33.85 30.40District 7....... ........................ 3 5 6.0 52.6 52.6 100.0 .618 32.52 32.52District 8 ............................... 4 8 5.8 48.8 49.4 101.2 .546 26.64 26.94

Total................................... 52 145 5.9 48.9 49.4 101.0 .593 29.00 29.30Cutters and general butchers:

District 1.............................. 6 18 6.0 47.9 48.8 101.9 .594 28.45 28.99District 2................................ 6 14 5.7 49.3 51.6 104.7 .550 27.12 28.41District 3................................ 7 13 5.9 48.0 53.7 111.9 .494 23.71 26.52District 4_.............................. 2 2 5.0 48.0 41.8 87.1 .536 25.73 22.39District 5................................ 10 24 6.0 51.0 55.1 108.0 .608 31.01 33.55District 6................................ 3 27 5.9 49.8 48.0 96.4 .591 29.43 28.32District 7................................ 2 10 6.0 52.0 52.8 101.5 .475 24.70 25.07District 8................................ 8 21 5.9 48.3 48.1 99.6 .598 28.88 28.76

Total................................... 44 129 5.9 49.4 50.7 102.6 .571 28.21 28.94Graders and inspectors:

District 1................................ 4 11 5.7 48.7 49.8 102.3 .515 25.08 25.68District 2 ............................... 6 13 5.6 48.9 46.8 95.7 .492 24.06 23.05District 3................................ 5 10 5.8 50.6 55.8 110.3 .507 25.65 28.26District 4............................... 5 7 5.6 47.4 44.4 93.7 .423 20.05 18.76District 5................................ 3 4 5.8 50.9 48.5 95.3 .541 27.54 26.23

Total................................... 23 45 5.7 49.2 49.3 100.2 .486 24.40 24.46Packers, meat runners, order

men, and stowers:District 1................................ 5 201 5.7 50.2 50.4 100.4 .479 24.05 24.17District 2............................... 14 135 5.5 48.2 48.3 100.2 .437 21.06 21.12District 3................................ 14 82 5.8 48.8 47.4 97.1 .439 21.42 20.82District 4................................ 6 42 5.2 46.2 43.8 94.8 .360 16.63 15.78District 5................................ 10 93 6.0 51.5 53.7 104.3 .415 21.37 22.29District 6................................ 1 0) P 0) 0) 0) 0) (») 0)District 7................................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 8................................ 5 95 5.9 48.0 49.9 104.0 .407 19.54 20.28

Total................................... 56 650 5.7 49.2 49.6 100.8 .438 21.55 21.74Truckers:

District 1................................ 4 160 5.5 50.3 47.9 95.2 .443 22.28 21.21District 2-.............................. 11 110 5.5 48.2 46.5 96.5 .394 18.99 18.33District 3................................ 12 94 5.4 48.7 45.8 94.0 .375 18.26 17.15District 4............................... 6 30 4.4 47.3 84.9 73.8 .348 16.46 12.14District 5......................... *__ 3 40 6.0 50.1 49.2 98.2 .347 17.38 17.10District 8____________ _____ 2 4 6.0 48.0 58.4 121.7 .394 18.91 23.01

Total___________________ 38 438 5.4 49.2 46.4 94.3 .402 19.78 18.64



T a b l e A.—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Cfontinued




ments


A v e r age

d a y s o n

w h ich w age earn

ers w o rk e d in on e w eek

Averagefullt im e

h oursper

w eek

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Perce n t

offulltime

hou rsa ctu ally

w o rk e d

Average

earningsper

h o u r

Averagefulltimeearn ingsper

w eek

Average

amount actually

earned in one week


Freezer and temperature men: District 1_________________ 5 117 5.6 48.9 47.5 97.1 $0,500 $24.45 $23.73

19.84District 2_________________ 6 46 5.3 48.0 47.1 98.1 .421 20.21District 3__________ _______ 5 51 5.6 52.4 49.4 94.3 .456 23.89 22.50District 4_______ _____ ____ 3 17 5.8 47.8 48.0 100.4 .420 20.08 20.14District 5............................... 5 10 6.2 50.3 51.6 102.6 .496 24.95 25.62District 6—....... .................. 3 29 5.8 49.0 45.6 93.1 .493 24.16 22.51District 8................................ 3 4 6.3 51.0 54.9 107.6 .448 22.85 24.61

Total__________________ 30 274 5.6 49.4 47.9 97.0 .472 23.32 22.58

Calf skinners:District 1 _________________ 5 23 5.8 47.8 52.7 110.3 .661 31.60 34.84District 2_________________ 8 19 5.4 48.0 33.4 69.6 .707 33.94 23.64District 3_________________ 15 35 5.7 50.1 51.2 102.2 .652 32.67 33.36District 4_________________ 5 22 5.6 47.3 32.2 68.1 .797 37.70 25.62District 5_________________ 3 3 6.0 55.8 44.3 79.4 .810 45.20 35.90District 6_________________ 3 11 6.0 49.6 46.3 93.3 .670 33.23 30.99District 8................................ 5 5 6.0 48.0 47.3 98.5 .841 40.37 39.76

Total___________________ 44 118 5.7 48.8 44.3 90.8 .695 33.92 30.75All occupations:

District 1__....... ............ ........ 8 1,1551,074

5.6 49.3 47.9 97.2 .490 24.16 23.50District 2................................ 16 5.5 48.1 44.8 93.1 .458 22.03 20.52District 3_________________ 16 940 5.6 49.5 46.8 94.5 .469 23.22 21.95District 4.......... ................. 6 315 5.1 47.3 39.2 82.9 .456 21.57 17.88District 5______ -__________ 13 337 5.9 51.5 49.9 96.9 .461 23.74 23.00District 6 .._____ _________ 3 153 5.9 49.5 46.8 94.5 .533 26.38 24.97District 7._............................ 3 44 5.4 52.5 49.8 94.9 .486 25.52 24.17District 8_________________ 10 290 5.8 48.2 50.1 103.9 .462 22.27 23.15

Total—...................... ......... 75 4,308 5.6 49.0 46.5 94.9 .473 23.18 22.00FEMALES

Trimmers of trimmings:District 1—.................. - ........ 1 0)

150)5.2 0)47.4

0)41.1

0)86.7 (0.326 <*)15.45

0)13.41District 2_________ ________ 4

District 3._...................... ...... 2 2 5.0 48.0 45.8 95.4 .225 10.80 10.30District 5_________ ________ 1 5 6.0 49.5 38.5 77.8 .243 12.03 9.37District 8.............................. - 1 6 4.3 48.0 30.2 62.9 .275 13.20 8.30

Total................................... 9 30 5.2 48.4 39.0 80.6 .295 14.28 11.50

MALES AND FEMALES

All occupations:District 1_________________ 8 1,157 5.6 49.3 47.9 97.2 .490 24.15 23.48District 2_._...................... . 16 1,089 5.5 48.1 44.8 93.1 .456 21.93 20.43District 3...................- ...........District 4_______ _________

166

942315

5.65.1

49.547.3

46.839.2

94.582.9

.469

.45623.22 21.57

21.92 17.88

District 5__________ _______ 13 342 5.9 51.5 49.7 96.5 .459 23.64 22.80District 6__............................ 3 153 5.9 49.5 46.8 94.5 .533 26.38 24.97District 7............................... 3 44 5.4 52.5 49.8 94.9 .486 25.52 24.17District 8................................ 10 296 5.8 48.2 49.7 103.1 .460 22.17 22.85

Total___________________ 75 4,338 5.6 49.0 46.5 94.9 .472 23.13 21.93



T a b l e A .—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per weeky average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

CUTTING— FRESH-PORK DEPARTMENT



ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

HALES

Laborers: 13District 1................................ 7 195 5.8 48.6 48.6 100.0 $0,433 $21.06 $21.06District 2............................... 17 317 5.4 48.4 44.2 91.3 .401 19.41 17.76District 3................................ 17 554 5.5 49.3 46.7 94.7 .411 20.26 19.18District 4_........................................ 5 16 5.3 46.1 44.2 95.9 .363 16.73 16.06District 5.......................................... 12 124 5.7 51.5 46.0 89.3 .364 18.75 16.74District 6................................ 6 35 5.6 54.7 49.4 90.3 .441 24.12 21.75District 7................................ 3 27 5.7 54.3 52.3 96.3 .401 21.77 20.98District 8................................ 7 51 5.7 48.4 49.3 101.9 .430 20.81 21.22

Total................................. . 74 1,319 5.5 49.4 46.6 94.3 .409 20.20 19.04Ham and shoulder sawyers:

District 1............... ............... 5 8 6.0 49.5 48.6 98.2 .517 25.59 25.12District 2....... ...... .................. 0 14 5.4 48.0 41.3 86.0 .457 21.94 18.90District 3.............................. 11 29 5.6 50.1 46.9 93.6 .501 25.10 23.47District 4............................... 3 7 5.4 46.9 46.4 98.9 .424 19.89 19.70District 5............................... 2 5 6.0 48.9 41.8 85.5 .447 21.86 18.69District 6............... ............... 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 7................................ 3 8 6.0 54.3 46.3 85.3 .515 27.96 23.87District 8................................ 5 6 5.7 49.0 53.8 109.8 .477 23.37 25.68

Total................................... 39 78 5.7 49.7 46.2 93.0 .485 24.10 22.39Ham cutters-off:

District 1....... ........................ 4 5 5.8 48.4 43.7 90.3 .517 25.02 22; 57District 2................................ 7 7 5.4 48.9 45.3 92.6 .475 23.23 21.54District 3................................ 11 18 5.7 49.3 45.0 91.3 .515 25.39 23.17District 4............ ................. 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 5.................... ........... 2 5 6.0 48.9 39.4 80.6 .478 23.37 18.83District 6................................ 1 0 (*) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 8............................... 3 3 5.7 50.0 55.2 110.4 .502 25.10 27.67

Total................................... 29 41 5.7 49.2 44.6 90.7 .502 24.70 22.37Ham trimmers*

District 1................................ 5 19 5.8 48.3 45.2 93.6 .606 29.27 27.40District 2............... ............... 11 29 5.6 48.0 43.8 91.3 .556 26.69 24.36District 3................................ 13 64 5.5 49.3 44.1 89.5 .550 27.12 24.24District 4............................... 2 3 4.7 46.7 38.9 83.3 .629 29.37 24.47District 5................................ 2 8 5.6 48.6 37.6 77.4 .545 26.49 20.48District 6................................ 2 5 5.6 54.0 45.3 83.9 .549 29.65 24.89District 7................................ 3 4 5.3 54.5 48.2 88.4 .556 30.30 26.77District 8................................ 4 4 5.5 47.3 49.8 105.3 .569 26.91 28.31

Total.................................. 42 136 5.5 49.1 44.0 89.6 .561 27.55 24.71

Ham boners:District 1................................ 8 80 5.6 50.3 44.9 89.3 .634 31.89 28.48District 2................................ 13 63 5.3 48.6 42.5 87.4 .601 29.21 25.54District 3............................... 17 95 5.6 49.1 42.1 85.7 .585 28.72 24.61District 4............................... 4 12 4.9 46.3 35.3 76.2 .596 27.59 21.04District 5................................ 12 26 5.3 51.7 44.6 86.3 .612 31.64 27.32District 6................................ 6 64 5.7 54.7 48.1 87.9 .590 32.27 28.43District 7................................ 3 10 5.2 54.3 47.0 86.6 .495 26.88 23.24District 8................................ 10 19 5.4 48.0 43.7 91.0 .643 30.86 28.09

Total................................... 73 369 5.5 50.4 44.0 87.3 .602 30.34 26.49

I Data included in total.II Includes shovers, spacers, temperature men, counters, cutters-dowu, block tenders, sawyers-off of feet, wrappers, machine tenders, cooler men, and skin handlers.



T a b l e A.— Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued



Number of establish

ments


-----------1Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percent


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week


Choppers-off, shoulders, and choppers, ribs:

District 1_________________ 3 4 5.8 47.0 49.3 104.9 $0,652.519

$30.6424.91

$32.14 21.77District 2_________________ 9 15 5.3 48.0 41.9 87.3

District 3_________________ 11 26 5.6 49.7 44.8 90.1(i)

.496 24.65 22.27District 4_________________ 1

0 ) 40)6.0 0)50.3 0)42.2

0).494 0)

24.85 0)20.84District 5____________ __________ 2 83.9District 6_________________ 1 (>)6 0)6.0

0)54.0

0)56.6 0)104.8

0).575 0)31.05

0)32.56District 7................................ 1

District 8_________________ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)Total_______ _______ 29 67 5.6 49.4 45.3 1 91.7 .531 26.23 24.02

Shoulder trimmers:District 1____________ _____ 4 U 6.0 48.5 45.1 93.0 .569 27.60 25.70District 2_________________ 10 20 5.3 48.0 40.4 84.2 .483 23.18 19.53District 3_________________ 12 70 5.6 49.2 47.3 96.1 .546 26.86 25.86District 4_________________ 3 6 5.4 45.6 44.7 98.0 .494 22.53 22.10District 5_______________________ 2 7 6.0 50.6 51.7 102.2 .499 25.25 25.76District 6_________________ 2 6 5.3 54.0 40.3 74.6 .500 27.00 20.11District 7_________________ 1 0) 5 0)5.4

0)49.8

0)54.9

0)110.2 0).542 0)

26.990)29.72District 8_________________ 4

Total................................... 38 126 5.6 49.2 46.4 94.3 .534 26.27 24.78Shoulder boners:

District 1_________________ 4 29 6.0 47.3 57.9 122.4 .548 25.92 31.75District 2_________________ 10 19 5.5 48.3 40.1 83.0 .485 23.43 19.47District 3_________________ 10 44 5.7 48.8 47.2 96.7 .539 26.30 25.42District 4................................ 1 0) 6 0)

5.80)48.8 0)36.1 0)74.0

0).463 0)22.59 0)16.68District 5_______________________ 2District 6_________________ 1 0) 3 0)

4.7 0)55.0 0)41.5 0)75.5

0).396

0)21.78

0)16.43District 7................................ 2

District 8_________________ 3 4 5.5 47.3 46.9 99.2 .561 26.54 26.31Total..... ............................. 33 107 5.7 48.4 48.1 99.4 .526 25.46 25.32

Butt pullers:District 1................................ 4 11 5.7 48.5 42.3 87.2 .513 24.88 21.71District 2_________________ 8 14 5.2 48.0 40.7 84.8 .431 20.69 17.53District 3_________________ 11 27 5.3 49.1 42.4 86.4 .455 22.34 19.26District 5............................... 2 4 6.0

(l)49.1 46.5 94.7

0).4570)

22.440)

21.22District 6_________________ 1 0) 0) O'* (i)District 7._________________ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) (i)District 8_________________ 2 2 6.0 46.5 50.5 108.6 .648 30.13 32.70

Total................................... 29 60 5.5 48.8 42.9 87.9 .471 22.98 20.24Scribe sawyers:

District 1—-....... - .................. 4 7 6.0 47.7 50.4 105.7 .547 26.09 27.53District 2_________________ 7 10 4.9 48.0 37.2 77.5 .471 22.61 17.50District 3._________________ 12 24 5.5 49.5 45.5 91.9 .489 24.21 22.26District 4_________________ 1 0) 3 0)6.0

0)48.0 0)33.3 0)69.4

0)105.9113.0

0).441 0)21.17 0)14.68District 5............................... 1

District 6_______________________ 1 0) 2 0)5.5 0)54.5 0)57.7

0).568.523

0)30.9624.58

0)32.7227.77

District 7 . ............................. 2District 8_________________ 3 3 6.0 47.0 53.1

Total................................... 31 52 5.5 49.1 44.5 90.6 .499 24.50 22.19Loinpullers:

District 1............... ................ 3 12 5.7 47.3 43.2 91.3 .548 25.92 23.64District 2_________________ 11 23 5.6 48.0 44.6 92.9 .502 24.10 22.37District 3_________________ 12 40 5.4 49.2 43.7 88.8 .539 26.52 23.53District 4_________ ________ 3 3 5.3 47.3 49.7 105.1 .495 23.41

27.0224.60

District 5............................... 3 8 5.9 50.6 40.5 80.0 .534 21.63

> Data included in total.



CUTTING— FRESH-PORK DEPARTMENT-Continued



ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

hales—continuedLoin pullers—Continued.

District 6............................... 2 7 5.3 54.0 33.3 61.7 $0.611 $32.99 $20.34District 7............................... 3 4 5.5 54.5 51.8 95.0 .548 29.87 28.38District 8............................... 8 11 5.8 48.0 52.5 109.4 .604 28.99 31.73

Total................................... 45 108 5.5 49.2 44.3 90.0 .542 26.67 23.99Bibbers:

District 1............................... 3 9 5.8 46.7 48.0 102.8 .566 26.43 27.16District 2............................... 10 20 5.4 48.0 41.8 87.1 .485 23.28 20.30District 3................................ 11 51 5.6 49.3 44.6 90.5 .553 27.26 24.67District 4............................... 2 2 5.0 46.0 45.9 99.8 .434 19.96 19.89District 5................................ 2 4 6.0 49.1 37.8 77.0 .502 24.65 18.97District 6............................... 1 0 0 0 0) 0 0 0 0District 7............................... 2 4 6.0 54.3 55.0 101.3 .534 29.00 29.37District 8............................... 6 7 5.6 48.4 49.4 102.1 .581 28.12 28.70

Total................................... 37 98 5.6 48.9 44.8 91.6 .538 26.31 24.13Trimmers and ham and shoul

der skinners:5.8*District 1................................ 6 148 > 48.8 44.9 92.0 .515 25.13 23.09

District 2............................... 17 193 5.2 48.1 41.3 85.9 .481 23.14 19.87District 3................................ 16 373 5.5 49.2 44.3 90.0 .504 24.80 22.30District 4................................ 4 19 5.2 45.9 42.8 93.2 .484 22.22 20.74District 5................................ 7 67 5.8 51.6 42.8 82.9 .469 24.20 20.06District 6............................... 3 26 5.5 54.0 42.2 78.1 .484 26.14 20.42District 7................................ 3 27 5.4 54.3 47.8 88.0 .509 27.64 24.32District 8............................... 6 16 5.8 48.6 53.5 110.1 .558 27.12 29.89

Total................................... 62 869 5.5 49.3 43.8 88.8 .499 24.60 21.84Trimmers of trimmings:

District 1................................ 4 50 5.5 48.2 48.8 101.2 .558 26.90 27.28District 2............................... 7 49 5.0 48.0 42.2 87.9 .535 25.68 22.59District 3................................ 14 198 5.6 49.3 47.9 97.2 .510 25.14 24.44District 4_.............................. 4 6 5.5 47.0 46.4 98.7 .438 20.59 20.31District 5............................... 2 2 5.0 51.5 44.0 85.4 .450 23.18 19.80District 6............................... 1 21 5.8 54.0 47.9 £8.7 .464 25.06 22.21District 7................................ 1 0 0 0 0) 0) 0 0 0District 8............................— 6 20 5.5 49.1 50.4 102.6 .649 31.87 32.66

Total................................... 39 347 5.5 49.2 47.3 96.1 .525 25.83 24.85Utility men, handy men, all

round men, assistant foremen, and straw bosses:

District 1................................ 5 34 5.9 48.4 49.6 102.5 .513 24.83 25.44District 2............................... 15 54 5.6 48.2 47.6 98.8 .525 25.31 25.02District 3............................... 16 109 5.9 49.3 51.4 104.3 .532 26.23 27.37District 4................................ 4 4 5.0 47.0 38.2 81.3 .435 20.45 16.58District 5............................... 8 24 6.1 49.2 50.6 102.8 .594 29.22 30.08District 6............................... 3 5 6.0 54.0 51.0 . 94.4 .504 27.22 25.68District 7................................ 2 4 5.3 54.5 45.8 84.0 .633 34.50 28.94District 8................................ 4 5 5.8 47.4 49.7 104.9 .684 32.42 33.98

Total................................... 57 239 5.8 49.0 49.9 101.8 .537 26.31 26.79Packers, nailers, car stowers, and

small-order men:District 1................................ 6 119 5.7 49.2 47.4 96.3 .477 23.47 22.63District 2................................ 17 288 5.7 48.5 49.0 101.0 .415 20.13 20.30District 3................................ 17 420 5.7 49.3 48.9 99.2 .411 20.26 20.12District 4................................ 5 29 5.6 47.4 41.6 87.8 .404 19.15 16.84District 5............................... 11 192 5.7 51.8 51.8 100.0 .407 21.07 21.07District 6................................ 6 66 5.9 54.9 54.0 98.4 .430 23.61 23.25District 7................................ 2 7 4.9 54.7 41.6 76.1 .295 16.14 12.26District 8................................ 6 29 5.3 48.8 47.4 97.1 .479 23.38 22.69

Total................................... 70 1,150 5.7 49.8 49.3 99.0 .420 20.92 20.70

» Data included in total.


T a b l e A .— Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district— C on tin u ed

CUTTING—FBESH-POBK DEPARTMENT-Continued



ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week


Truckers:District 1................................ 6 30 5.7 49.5 51.8 104.6 $0,452 $22.37 $23.45District 2................................ 14 100 5.5 48.8 44.6 91.4 .391 19.08 17.44District 3................................ 15 241 5.6 49.4 49.2 99.6 .404 19.96 19.91District 4................................ 3 13 5.7 45.5 46.3 101.8 .382 17.38 17.70District 5............................... 8 93 5.8 52.3 53.9 103.1 .376 19.66 20.28District 6................................ 2 7 5.6 54.0 46.5 86.1 .433 23.38 20.16District 8................................ 5 14 5.5 48.6 46.6 95.9 .450 21.87 20.96

Total................................... 53 498 5.6 49.8 49.1 98.6 .400 19.92 19.67FEMALES

Trimmers of tr im m in gs (in clu d ing trimmers):

D is tr ic t 1.......................................... 5 158 5.6 48.9 42.5 86.9 .433 21.17 18.40District 2................................ 14 320 5.3 48.0 38.0 79.2 .340 16.32 12.92District 3................................ 15 440 5.3 49.3 43.9 89.0 .336 16.56 • 14.76District 4................................ 2 6 5.0 47.3 40.9 86.5 .387 18.31 15.82District 5................................ 8 1981 • 5.4 49.3 33.0 66.9 .321 15.83 10.58District 6................................ 2 23 5.9 51.9 43.5 83.8 .477 24.76 20.77D is tr ic t 7_------------------------- 2 26 5.8 48.3 50.4 104.3 .273 13.19 13.78District 8................................ 4 24 4.6 47.8 34.2 71.5 .423 20.22 14.46

Total................................... 52 1,195 5.4 48.9 40.2 82.2 .352 17.21 14.15Miscellaneous workers:13

District l._ ........ - .................. 1 9 4.9 48.0 29.8 62.1 .405 19.44 12.09District 2................................ 11 42 5.2 48.0 39.6 82.5 .323 15.50 12.78District 3............... ................ 9 21 5.1 48.6 42.9 88.3 .304 14.77 13.03District 5.......................................... 3 16 4.9 51.5 34.8 67.6 .264 13.60 9.19District 6............................... 1 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) (*) 0 ) 0 ) (*) (9District 7................................ 1 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0 ) 0

Total................................... 26 91 5.1 48.7 38.7 79.5 .318 15.49 12.33MALES

All occupations:District 1................................ 8 771 5.7 48.8 47.5 97.3 .506 24.69 24.07District 2................................ 17 1,235 5.4 48.3 44.6 92.3 .448 21.64 19.98District 3................................ 17 2,382 5.6 49.3 46.9 95.1 .464 22.88 21.72District 4................................ 6 123 5.4 46.5 42.8 92.0 .442 20.55 18.94District 5................................ 12 582 5.8 51.5 48.5 94.2 .423 21.78 20.48District 6................................ 6 252 5.7 54.5 48.4 88.8 .491 26.76 23.77District 7................................ 3 109 5.5 54.4 49.5 91.0 .483 26.28 23.94District 8................................ 10 200 5.6 48.4 49.3 101.9 .529 25.60 26.07

Total................................... 79 5,654 5.6 49.5 46.7 94.3 .466 23.07 21.76FEMALES

All occupations:District 1................................ 5 167 5.6 48.8 41.8 85.7 .432 21.08 18.06District 2............................... 15 362 5.3 48.0 38.2 79.6 .338 16.22 12.90District 3................................ 15 461 5.3 49.2 43.8 89.0 .335 16.48 14.68District 4................................ 2 6 5.0 47.3 40.9 86.5 .387 18.31 15.82District 5................................ 8 214 5.4 49.5 33.1 66.9 .316 15.64 10.47District 6................................ 3 25 5.9 51.6 43.6 84.5 .462 23.84 20.12District 7................................ 2 27 5.8 48.3 50.3 104.1 .286 13.81 14.38District 8.............. ................. 4 24 4.6 47.8 34.2 71.5 .423 20.22 14.46

T o t a l ............................................... 54 1,286 5.3 48.9 40.1 82.0 .349 17.07 14.02i Data included in total.18 Includes laborers, ham and shoulder trimmers, packers, inspectors, wrappers, helpers, skin bundlers.

labelers, graders, eta.


T a b l e A*— Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued


WAGES AND HOT7RS OF LABOR, 1931 107


ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

MALES AND FEMALES

All occupations:District 1_________________ 8 938 5.7 48.8 46.5 95.3 $0,494

.426$24.1120.58

$23.0018.37District 2_________________ 17 1,597

2,843129

5.4 48.3 43.1 89.2District 3_________________ 17 5.5 49.3 46.4 94.1 .444 21.89 20.58District 4_________________ 6 5.3 46.5 42.7 91.8 .440 20.46 18.79District 5________ ________ 12 796 5.7 50.9 44.3 87.0 .401 20.41 17.79District 6 ..________________ 6 277 5.7 54.2 48.0 88.6 .489 26.50 23.44District 7 ..________________ 3 136 5.6 53.1 49.7 93.6 .443 23.52 22.04District 8_________________ 10 224 5.5 48.4 47.7 98.6 .520 25.17 24.82

Total_____ _____ ____ ___ _ 79 6,940 5.5 49.4 45.5 92.1 .447 22.08 20.33

LARD AND OLEO-OIL DEPARTMENT

MALESLaborers:

District 1_________________ 7 203 5.7 49.7 48.5 97.6 $0,428.399

$21.2719.27

$20.7718.29District 2______ __________ 16 160 5.4 48.3 45.8 94.8

District 3___________ ______ 16 102 5.7 48.8 48.1 98.6 .391 19.08 18.79District 4_________________ 6 58 5.4 47.1 49.1 104.2 .350 16.49 17.21District 5............ ................... 10 38 5.6 51.3 46.9 91.4 .378 19.39 17.73District 6............................... 8 81 5.7 52.1 48.2 92.5 .419 21.83 20.19District 7................................ 3 9 5.0 53.6 45.9 85.6 .450 24.12 20.69District 8................................ 8 35 5.8 48.0 47.7 99.4 .418 20.06 19.94

Total................................... 74 686 5.6 49.3 47.7 96.8 .405 19.97 19.31Melters:14

District 1.......... .................... 7 50 5.8 48.7 53.5 109.9 .499 24.30 26.68District 2....... ...... ................. 16 80 5.6 48.8 47.6 97.5 .469 22.89 22.32District 3_______ __________ 15 53 5.6 48.7 50.3 103.3 .466 22.69 23.41District 4..................... ......... 5 13 5.3 49.4 52.5 106.3 .421 20.80 22.12District 5.......... .................... 11 23 5.9 51.9 53.4 102.9 .426 22.11 22.75District 6................................ 9 26 6.0 54.7 55.2 100.9 .505 27.62 27.86District 7............................... 1 <913

(95.8 <949.8 <950.3

(9101.0

(9.528

(926.29

(926.56District 8............................... 8

Total...................... ........... 72 259 5.7 49.7 51.0 102.6 .475 23.61 24.21Roller men:

District 1............................... 6 11 6.1 48.7 57.0 117.0 .445 21.67 25.37District 2__________ _______ 10 16 5.6 48.0 47.1 98.1 .444 21.31 20.90District 3....... ................ ........ 12 13 5.8 48.9 48.1 98.4 .451 22.05 21.71District 4................................ 6 8 5.4 48.0 46.9 97.7 .417 20.02 19.56District 5................................ 6 6 6.0 52.8 58.7 111.2 .444 23.44 26.03District t ................................ 1 % 0)

5.0(955.0

(944.0

(980.0

(9.393

(921.62

(917.30District 7................................ 2

District 8....... -____ ________ 4 4 5.5 48.0 46.5 96.9 .584 28.03 27.12

Total................................... 47 63 5.7 49.3 49.8 101.0 .450 22.19 22.39Fillers:

District 1_________________ 6 74 5.9 49.7 47.9 96.4 .469 23.31 22.48District 2............................... 15 78 5.6 48.1 47.5 98.8 .434 20.88 20.63District 3______ __________ 17 73 5.6 49.3 49.0 99.4 .441 21.74 21.60District 4............................ . 6 32 5.4 47.6 47.4 99.6 .371 17.66 17.59District 5_________ ________ 8 18 5.8 51.7 49.6 95.9 .417 21.56 20.68District 6................................ 6 40 5.5 52.7 46.6 88.4 .435 22.92 20.28District 7_______________________ 3 13 5.4 54.2 48.9 90.2 .463 25.09 22.66District 8................. .............. 8 16 5.6 48.0 44.1 91.9 .441 21.17 19.45

Total________ ____ ______ 69 344 5.6 49.6 47.8 96.4 .438 21.72 20.93

1 Data Included In total.14 Includes kettle men, cooks, settlers, clarifiers, skimmers, tank men, and oleo makers.


T a b l e A .—Average days on which wage earners worked, average fuU-time and actual hours and earnings per weekf average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981 y by department, sea?, occupation, and district—Continued

LARD AND OLEO-OIL DEPARTMENT—Continued



ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continuedPumpers and refiners:

District 1 ..___________ - ___ 5 38 5.9 49.4 53.5 108.3 $0,483.439

$23.86 $25.83District 2................................ 13 39 5.6 48.0 50.1 104.4 21.07 22.00District 3................................ U 22 5.7 49.6 50.8 102.4 .468 23.21 23.80District 4................................ 5 15 5.6 47.5 55.3 116.4 .427 20.28 23.57District 5....... ........................ 9 11 5.8 51.0 51.9 101.8 .467 23.82 24.24District 6........................... . 6 13 6.0 54.0 54.7 101.3 .485 26.19 26.55Distiict 7____________ - ........ 2 4 5.8 54.5 52.7 96.7 .500 27.25 26.33District 8....... ........................ 8 9 5.8 47.7 51.7 108.4 .527 25.14 27.27

Total................................... 59 151 5.8 49.4 52.3 105.9 .466 23.02 24.36Utility men, handy men, straw

bosses, and assistant foremen: M

District 1________ _________ 6 21 5.9 48.2 53.1 110.2 .540 26.03 28.71District 2................................ 12 34 5.7 48.2 46.9 97.3 .499 24.05 23.40District 3_________________ 14 29 5.8 48.8 48.7 99.8 .582 28.40 28.34District 4................................ 4 6 5.8 46.7 55.3 118.4 .462 21.58 25.57District 5_________________ 6 7 6.1 49.1 49.9 101.6 .630 30.93 31.47District 6...................... - ........ 7 18 6.0 52.7 54.4 103.2 .539 28.41 29.31District 7............................... 3 5 5.4 53.4 49.4 92.5 .603 32.20 29.79District 8_________________ 4 5 6.0 48.0 51.1 106.5 .609 29.23 31.13

Total___________________ 56 125 5.8 49.2 50.3 102.2 .545 26.81 27.41Pressmen or wheelmen:

District 1_________________ 5 70 5.8 48.9 48.9 100.0 .457 22.34 22.34District 2................................ 9 52 5.3 48.0 44.5 92.7 .424 20.35 18.90District 3............................... 8 24 5.5 49.0 45.6 93.1 .446 21.85 20.35District 4................................ 4 11 5.8 47.3 58.0 122.6 .384 18.16 22.31District 5_________________ 3 6 4.8 50.3 39.4 78.3 .385 19.37 15.18District 6.................... ........... 8 22 5.5 51.8 45.2 87.3 .438 22.69 19.82District 7................................ 2 2 5.0 52.5 44.3 84.4 .402 21.11 17.77District8............................... 2 4 6.0 48.0 53.7 111.9 .434 20.83 23.33

Total................................... 41 191 5.6 49.0 47.1 96.1 .437 21.41 20.61

All occupations:District 1...................... ......... 8 467 5.8 49.3 49.8 101.0 .457 22.53 22.79District 2_________________ 16 459 5.5 48.3 46.8 96.9 .433 20.91 20.24District 3................................ 17 316 5.6 49.0 48.7 99.4 .445 21.81 21.68District 4_________________ 6 143 5.5 47.5 50.5 106.3 .382 18.15 19.28District 5................................ 13 109 5.7 51.3 49.7 96.9 .426 21.85 21.13District 6 .. .______________ 9 202 5.7 52.7 49.4 93.7 .453 23.87 22.38District 7................................ 4 37 5.3 53.9 48.4 89.8 .476 25.66 23.04District 8............................... 10 86 5.8 48.2 48.3 100.2 .471 22.70 22.76

Total................................... 83 1,819 5.6 49.4 48.8 98.8 .442 21.83 21.54

FEMALES

Can washers, tub liners, fillers, and labelers:

District 1................................ 6 53 5.8 49.4 43.5 88.1 .340 16.80 14.81District 2 .............................. 9 37 5.3 47.7 43.2 90.6 .295 14.07 12.75District 3................................ 14 87 5.7 49.2 47.5 96.5 .287 14.12 13.62District 4................................ 4 14 5.1 46.6 38.8 83.3 .250 11.65 9.72District 5.......... - ................... 7 33 5.5 49.7 42.0 84.5 .256 12.72 10.73District 6....... ....................... 4 43 5.6 52.0 45.1 86.7 .292 15.18 13.16District 7.............................. . 2 3 5.7 50.3 51.6 102.6 .258 12.98 13.32District 8............................... 7 21 5.5 47.6 43.2 90.8 .821 15.28 13.89

Total................................... 53 291 5.6 49.3 44.6 90.5 .295 14.54 13.16

w Includes inspectors and graders.


T a b l e A..—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours ana earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

LABD AND OLEO-OIL DEPARTMENT—Continued



ments


Average

dayson

whichwageearners

worked:(noneweek

Aver-

&timehoursper

week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

MALES AMD FEMALES

All occupations:District 1................................ 8 520 &8 49.4 49.2 99.6 $0,447 $22.08 $21.97District 2................................ 16 496 5.5 48.2 46.5 96.5 .423 20.39 19.69District 3................................ 17 403 5.7 49.0 48.5 99.0 .411 20.14 19.94District 4................................ 6 157 5.4 47.4 49.5 104.4 .373 17.68 18.43District 5................................ 13 142 5.7 50.9 47.9 94.1 .391 19.90 18.71District 6................................ 9 245 5.7 52.6 48.6 92.4 .427 22.46 20.76District 7................................ 4 40 5.3 53.7 48.6 90.5 .459 24.65 22.31District 8................................ 10 107 5.7 48.1 47.3 98.3 .444 21.36 21.02

Total................................... 83 2,110 5.6 49.4 48.2 97.6 .423 20.90 20.38

SAUSAGE DEPARTMENT

MALES

Truckers and forkers:District 1................................ 5 66 5.7 49.6 44.5 89.7 $0,441 $21.87 $19.65District 2................................ 7 24 5.3 48.5 48.2 99.4 .408 19.79 19.67District 3................................ 10 24 5.7 49.5 44.7 90.3 .403 19.95 18.02District 4................................ 4 6 5.0 48.3 47.7 98.8 .328 15.84 15.63District 5............................... 8 16 5.7 51.6 51.7 100.2 .389 20.07 20.10District 8................................ 3 4 5.3 51.0 45.1 88.4 .389 19.84 17.56

Total................................... 37 140 5.6 49.6 46.1 92.9 .416 20.63 19.19Machine tenders:16

District 1................................ 7 67 5.7 49.1 46.7 95.1 .475 23.32 22.20District 2............................... 16 89 5.3 48.3 45.4 94. 0 .478 23.09 21.70District 3................................ 17 97 5.8 48.9 46.8 95.7 .452 22.10 21.15District 4__............... - ........... 7 32 5.4 47.2 49.1 104.0 .392 18.50 19.25District 5................................ 13 44 5.5 51.6 50.2 97.3 .509 26.26 25.57District 6................................ 5 19 6.0 54.0 51.8 95.9 .582 31.43 30.17District 7................................ 3 10 5.8 54.3 57.8 106.4 .545 29.59 31.51District 8................................ 10 24 5.8 49.3 50.6 102.6 .492 24.26 24.87

Total................................... 78 382 5.6 49.4 47.8 96.8 .476 23.51 22.77Casing workers:17

District 1....... ........................ 5 20 5.5 48.3 47.3 97.9 .457 22.07 21.60District 2 .............................. 11 20 5.0 48.9 42.5 86.9 .424 20.73 18.05District 3................................ 8 39 5.9 48.3 46.4 96.1 .405 19.56 18.80District 5................................ 7 16 5.3 50.9 41.1 80.7 .415 21.12 17.06District 6............................... 3 5 6.0 55.2 47.6 86.2 .463 25.56 22.04District 7................................ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0) 0 0District 8................................ 2 2 6.0 48.0 53.8 112.1 .372 17.86 19.99

Total................................... 37 103 5.6 49.2 45.3 92.1 .421 20.71 19.08Staffers:

District 1................................ 7 74 5.4 48.5 44.1 90.9 .566 27/45 25.00District 2................................ 16 92 5.3 48.1 45.3 94.2 .509 24.48 23.04District 3................................ 17 83 5.8 49.7 46.1 92.8 .490 24.35 22.60District 4............................... 6 19 5.5 47.6 46.0 96.6 .500 23.80 22.99District 5................................ 12 40 5.5 49.3 49.7 100.8 .512 25.24 25.46District 6__............................ 6 48 5.9 54.6 44.9 82.2 .558 30.47 25.03District 7................................ 4 12 5.6 54.4 52.4 96.3 .451 24.63 23.66District 8................................ 10 23 5.8 48.5 48.0 99.0 .548 26.58 28.32

Total................................... 78 391 5.6 49.6 46.1 92.9 .522 25.89 24.02

i Data included in total.it Includes cutters, choppers, grinders, mixers, curers, feeders, rockers, and spicers. ” Includes washers, turners, re-turners, measurers, cutters, tiers, and fetters.

148227*—33------8



SAUSAGE DEPARTMENT— Continued



Number of establish

ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continued

Linkers, twisters, tiers, andhangers:

District 1................................ 3 13 5.6 47.5 45.2 95.2 $0,454 $21.57 $20.55District 2................................ 5 28 5.5 48.4 46.8 96.7 .475 22.99 22.24District 3—............................. 3 6 6.0 49.0 45.4 92.7 .382 18.72 17.34District 5................................ 6 12 5.3 48.6 44.1 90.7 .419 20.36 18.49District 6................................ 2 7 6.0 54.0 44.7 82.8 .471 25.43 21.05District 7................................ 2 3 5.3 54.7 49.7 90.9 .364 19.91 18.12District 8................................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)

Total.................................. 22 70 5.6 49.1 45.7 93.1 .447 21.95 20.44

Ropers (wrappers and tiers):District 3............................... 2 5 6.0 48.0 43.0 89.6 .438 21.02 18.83District 5............................... 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 6................................ 2 3 6.0 54.0 52.3 96.9 .537 29.00 28.07

Total................................... 5 9 6.0 50.0 47.6 95.2 .472 23.60 22.44Laborers:18

District 1............................... 7 175 5.5 49.5 45.9 92.7 .430 21.29 19.74District 2............................... 16 189 5.5 48.1 46.3 96.3 .401 19.29 18.55District 3............................... 17 159 5.7 49.7 45.5 91.5 .390 19.38 17.75District 4............... ............... 6 46 5.3 47.0 46.1 98.1 .352 16.54 16.24District 5............................... 12 60 5.3 52.1 49.0 94.0 .386 20.11 18.92District 6.............................. - 5 32 6.1 55.3 53.2 96.2 .424 23.45 22.53District 7............................... 5 22 5.5 56.9 57.1 100.4 .329 18.72 18.75District 8............................... 9 20 5.7 48.3 49.5 102.5 .404 19.51 20.02

Total................................... 77 703 5.5 49.7 47.0 94.6 .400 19.88 18.77Cooks:

District 1............................... 7 32 5.7 49.5 50.4 101.8 .491 24.30 24.75District 2.—........................... 16 50 5.6 48.2 49.2 102.1 .457 22.03 22.45District 3............................... 15 47 5.9 49.1 50.7 103.3 .459 22.54 23.26District 4 .. ............................ 7 21 5.2 47.3 48.8 103.2 .396 18.73 19.34District 5............................... 11 24 5.8 52.9 55.6 105.1 .458 24.23 25.43District 6 ......................... . 6 15 6.0 54.8 53.2 97.1 .513 28.11 27.27District 7.................. ............ 2 4 6.0 54.3 61.4 113.1 .496 26.93 30.47District 8—............................ 7 11 5.9 49.3 51.9 105.3 .567 27.95 29.44

Total................................... 71 204 5.7 49.8 51.1 102.6 .468 23.31 23.91Smokers:

District 1................................ 8 29 5.8 49.5 51.6 104.2 .505 25.00 26.04District 2................................ 15 43 5.5 51.2 49.0 95.7 .501 25.65 24.58District 3................................ 15 32 5.9 53.3 54.0 101.3 .470 25.05 25.41District 4................................ 5 9 5.6 50.0 49.2 98.4 .417 20.85 20.53District 5.............................. 12 21 5.6 55.7 56.6 101.6 .503 28.02 28.47District 6.................... - ......... 5 9 6.1 54.0 51.8 95.9 .552 29.81 28.58District 7................................ 4 7 5.7 55.4 55.7 100.5 .478 26.48 26.64District 8................................ 8 10 6.0 52.2 57.5 110.2 .505 26.36 29.01

Total................................. . 72 160 5.7 52.2 52.5 100.6 .493 25.73 25.89

Inspectors, packers, scalers, shippers, nailers, and box makers:

District 1................................ 5 81 5.7 49.3 47.7 96.8 .463 22.83 22.10District 2................................ 16 70 5.8 48.3 48.8 101.0 .437 21.11 21.31District 3................................ 16 79 5.7 49.4 46.0 93.1 .439 21.69 20.22District 4............................... 5 24 5.6 47.7 48.4 101.5 .400 19.08 19.35District 5................................ 3 12 5.6 48.4 49.7 102.7 .354 17.13 17.59District 6................................ 4 23 5.9 54.0 50.3 93.1 .444 23.98 22.37District 7................- .............. 1 0) 0) <0 (0 0) 0) (0 0)District 8................................ 8 23 5.7 49.3 47.5 96.3 .482 23.76 22.87

Total................................... 58 313 5.7 49.3 47.9 97.2 .441 21,74 21.11

> Data included in total.w Includes roustabouts, ham cylinder washers, cleaners-up, ham pressers, hangers, cooks’ helpers,

cmokers’ helpers, and truckers of cages or bikes.


T a b l e A .—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings pet hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981 > by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

SAUSAGE DEPARTMENT-Continued



ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continued

Utility men, assistant foremen, straw bosses, subforemen, handy men, small-order men, and all-round men:

District 1................................ 7 41 6.0 48.5 51.1 105.4 $0,482 $23.38 $24.63District 2............................... 13 31 5.8 48.6 49.7 102.3 .570 27.70 28.30District 3................................ 15 48 5.9 49.3 47.7 96.8 .563 27.76 26.82District 4................................ 3 3 6.0 46.7 58.5 125.3 .486 22.70 28.42District 5................................ 9 19 5.7 51.8 52.2 100.8 .646 33.46 33.71District 6................................ 5 11 5.9 54.0 50.7 93.9 .514 27.76 26.05District 7................................ 3 14 6.0 54.9 55.4 100.9 .407 22.34 22.52District 8................................ 8 14 6.0 48.4 51.3 106.0 .634 30.69 32.54

Total................................... 63 181 5.9 49.9 50.5 101.2 .542 27.05 27.39FEMALES

Machine tenders: wDistrict 1................................ 2 4 5.3 48.0 44.4 92.5 .322 15.46 14.29District 2................................ 7 8 5.4 48.0 45.3 94.4 .310 14.88 14.05District 3................................ 7 8 5.5 48.0 42.8 89.2 .291 13.97 12.45District 4................................ 2 2 5.5 46.0 44.4 96.5 .252 11.59 11.21District 5................................ 2 2 5.5 48.0 44.8 93.3 .316 15.17 14.15District 6................................ 1 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 <9 (9 (9District 8................................ 3 4 5.8 48.0 45.3 94.4 .328 15.74 14.82

Total................................... 24 29 5.5 47.9 44.3 92.5 .306 14.66 13.58Casing workers:17

District 1......................... ... 6 160 5.4 50.0 41.8 83.6 .361 18.05 15.12District 2............................... 13 137 5.1 48.1 41.0 85.2 .307 14.77 12.60District 3................................ 16 95 5.7 49.4 43.7 88.5 .299 14. 77 13.09District 4 ............................... 6 18 4.8 47.2 39.8 84.3 .264 12.46 10.50District 5................................ 9 40 5.4 48.7 43.9 90.1 .276 13.44 12.09District 6................................ 4 13 5.7 50.8 43.8 86.2 .351 17.83 15.37District 7................................ 3 10 5.2 49.8 44.1 88.6 .260 12.95 11.50District 8................................ 7 10 5.9 47.6 46.2 97.1 .350 16.66 16.19

Total................................... 64 483 5.4 49.1 42.3 86.2 .320 15.71 13.53Stutters:

District 1.......... .................... 2 17 5.2 53.6 35.8 66.8 .363 19.46 13.00District 2.............................. 1 4 6.0 54.0 50.8 94.1 .485 26.19 24.61District 3.................... ........... 7 11 5.9 48.5 43.3 89.3 .351 17.02 15.22District 4............................... 1 0 , (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9District 5................................ 3 11 5.0 48.7 42.6 87.5 .324 15.78 13.80District 7................................ 1 (0 <9 (9 (9 <9 (9 (9 (9District 8................................ 2 4 6.0 48.0 47.5 99.0 .390 18.72 18.54

Total................................... 17 50 5.4 50.7 41.0 80.9 .361 18.30 14.81Linkers, twisters, tiers, and

hangers:District 1..... .......................... 7 166 5.6 49.3 44.2 89.7 .380 18.73 16.82District 2............................... 15 242 5.3 48.3 42.9 88.8 .347 16.76 14.88District 3................................ 17 284 5.5 49.4 40.8 82.6 .297 14.67 12.14District 4................................ 7 61 5.1 47.9 41.2 86.0 .310 14.85 12.80District 5................................ 13 141 5.3 49.2 44.4 90.2 .296 14.56 13.15District 6................................ 6 77 5.8 50.8 41.6 81.9 .334 16.97 13.92District 7................. .............. 4 48 5.6 49.3 47.4 96.1 .275 15.56 13.06District 8................................ 10 81 5.6 47.6 43.6 91.6 .346 16.47 15.10

Total................................... 79 1.100 5.4 49.0 42.8 87.3 .327 16.02 14.00

1 Data included in total.Includes cutters, choppers, grinders, mixers, curers, feeders, rockers, and spicers,

17 Includes washers, turners, re-turners, measurers, cutters, tiers, and fetters*






ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

fem a les—continued

Ropers (wrappers and tiers): District 1............................... 3 51 5.4 49.4 39.8 80.6 $0,380 $18.77 $15.11District 2....... ........................ 2 21 5.4 48.0 40.8 85.0 .318 15.26 13.00District 3............ ................... 4 14 5.8 48.0 41.0 85.4 .324 15.55 13.31District 5________ _________ 2 4 5.3 48.0 41.4 86.3 .368 17.66 15.23District 6_________________ 1 22 5.6 53.0 46.4 87.5 .282 14.95 13.10District 8_________________ 3 6 6.0 46.7 47.2 101.1 .401 18.73 18.91

Total............................ ...... 15 118 5.5 49.5 41.8 84.4 .343 16.98 14.34Cooks:

District 2....... ........................ 1 0) 5 0)4.80) 0)41.1

0)81.4

0) 0) 0)District 5_________________ 3 50.5 .278 14.04 11.44

Total___________________ 4 6 5.0 50.1 42.0 83.8 .281 14.08 11.80

Packers (including inspectors): District 1 . . . .......................... 5 94 5.7 48.9 49.3 100.8 .345 16.87 17.02District 2............................... 13 149 5.4 48.2 43.2 89.6 .294 14.17 12.70District 3_________________ 11 95 5.6 49.1 45.9 93.5 .285 13.99 13.10District 4_________________ 6 31 5.2 47.7 44.0 92.2 .234 11.16 10.30District 5.......... ........... ......... 9 66 5.8 49.8 49.6 99.6 .269 13.40 13.35District 6_________ ________ 6 49 5.8 49.7 42.9 86.3 .309 15.36 13.27District 7............................... 2 8 5.8 49.8 50.3 101.0 .242 12.05 12.17District 8............................... 7 55 5.7 48.0 45.0 93.8 .329 15.79 14.79

Total................................... 62 547 5.6 48.8 45.8 93.9 .299 •14.59 13.71General workers:19

District 1-.............................. 4 10 5.7 48.2 46.740.7

96.9 .350 16.87 16.31District 2.......... ................... 11 38 5.0 48.2 84.4 .304 14.65 12.36District 3_ ............................. 7 18 5.6 48.7 47.7 97.9 .256 12.47 12.20District 4................................ 2 6 5.3 48.0 43.2 90.0 .255 12.24 11.03District 5....... ........................ 4 5 6.0 49.6

0)51.5 103.8

0).3060)

15.180)

15.750)District 6............................... 1 0) 0) 0)District 8___________ ______ 1 0) (i) (i) (?) 0) 0) 0) 0)

Total................................... 30 79 5.3 48.4 44.1 91.1 .296 14.33 13.03

MALESAll occupations:

District 1............................... 8 598 5.6 49.2 46.8 95.1 .470 23.12 21.96District 2............................... 16 636 5.5 48.4 46.8 96.7 .455 22.02 21.32District 3....... ........................ 17 619 5.8 49.5 46.9 94.7 .445 22.03 20.84District 4............ ................... 7 160 5.4 47.5 47.9 100.8 .396 18.81 18.97District 5_________________ 13 265 5.5 51.5 50.3 97.7 .464 23.90 23.32District 6_____ _____ _____ 6 172 6.0 54.5 49.6 91.0 .505 27.52 25.03District 7__________ _______ 5 74 5.7 55.4 55.8 100.7 .416 23.05 23.19District 8_________________ 10 132 5.8 49.2 49.9 101.4 .504 24.80 25.16

Total................................... 82 2,656 5.6 49.7 47.8 96.2 .458 22.76 21.90FEMALES

All occupations:District 1_________________ 7 502 5.5 49.6 43.7 88.1 .365 18.10 15.98District 2____________ ____ _ 15 600 5.3 48.3 42.5 88.0 .321 15.50 13.64District 3 .________________ 17 525 5.6 49.3 42.6 86.4 .295 14.54 12.59District 4 .________________ 7 120 5.1 47.8 41.9 87.7 .278 13.29 11.65District 5 .________________ 13 274 5.4 49.3 45.5 92.3 .288 14.20 13.12District 6 .________________ 6 163 5.8 50.7 42.9 84.6 .320 16.22 13.73District 7............ ................... 4 67 5.5 49.3 46.9 95.1 .269 13.26 12.64District 8_________________ 10 161 5.7 47.7 44.5 93.3 .344 16.41 15.30

Total________ __ ________ 79 2,412 5.5 49.0 43.4 88.6 .319 15.63 18.83

» Data included in total. 11 Includes laborers, box makers, and utility women.






ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week

Aver-

SB.timehoursper

week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour

Aver-

s s .timeearningsper

week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

HALES AND FEMALESAll occupations:

District 1_________________ 8 1,100 1,236 1,144

5.6 49.4 45.4 91.9 $0,424.394

$20.9519.0318.7716.6619.1022.2418.48

$19.23 17.60 17.05 15.83 18.13 19.53 18.18

District 2_________________ 16 5.4 48.3 44.7 92.5District 3_________________ 17 5.7 49.4 44.9 90.9 .380

.350

.379District 4_________________ 7 280 5.3 47.6 45.3 95.2District 5_________________ 13 539 5.5 50.4 47.9 95.0District 6_____ -__________ 6 335 5.9 52.7 46.3 87.9 .422District 7.......... ..................... 5 141 5.6 52.5 51.6 98.3 .352District 8_________________ 10 293 5.7 48.4 47.0 97.1 .420 20.33 19.74

Total___________________ 82 5,068 5.5 49.4 45.7 92.5 .395 19.51 38.06


MALESGraders:20

District 1_________________ 8 137 5.8 48.9 49.8 101.8 $0,500.441

$24.45 21. 21

$24.8720.9322.25ia6422.0824.4520.4422.67

District 2 - _______________ 17 213 5.6 48.1 47.5 98. 8District 3............................... 17 214 5. 8 49.2 48.0 97.6 .463 22. 78District 4_______ _________ 6 28 5.5 48.1 44.8 93.1 .416 20.01District 5 ______ ________ 12 53 5.7 53.7 49.9 92. 9 .443 23.79District 6_______ _________ 5 19 5.9 55.3 51.4 92. 9 .476 26.32District 7 ______ ________ 3 7 5.1 54.6 45.4 83.2 .451 24.62District 8.................... ........... 8 23 5.6 47 9 48.6 101.5 .467 22.37

Total............... .................. 76 694 5.7 49.3 48.3 98.0 .461 22.73 22.26Laborers:21

District 1_________________ 8 490 5.9 49.0 62.3 106.7 .413 20.24 21.60District 2_________________ 17 405 5.6 48.5 46.9 96. 7 .398 19. 30 18.63

17.37District 3.......... ..................... 17 521 5.6 49.5 44.0 88 9 .395 19.55District 4................................ 6 60 5.4 48.1 41.0 85.2 .364 17.51 14.91

17.18 20.48 24.60

District 5_________________ 12 142 5.6 52.5 45.1 85.9 .381 20.00District 6_________________ 7 90 5.8 55.0 49.6 90.2 .413 22.72District 7_______ *_________ 3 22 6.0 54.2 53.8 99.3 .457 24.77District 8....................... ...... 10 61 5.4 48.0 50.3 104.8 .396 19.01 19.90

Total.............................. 80 1,791 5.7 49.6 47.5 95.8 .401 19. 89 19.05Packers :M ——— 1 1 *... ' 1 — ■' —— -------- ; —... 1 = —

District 1................................ 6 181 5.8 48.7 49.9 102.5 .448 21.82 22.36District 2_______________ . 17 297 5.7 4a 2 4& 7 101.0 .416 20.05 20. 23District 3_________________ 17 327 5.8 49.1 47.1 95.9 .427 20.97 20.10District 4_______ ___ _ 6 40 5.2 48.0 41.6 86.7 .379 18.19 15.79

20.06District 5............................... 12 65 5.6 52.8 47.6 90.2 .421 22.23District 6............ ................. 6 46 5.9 54.1 50.1 92.6 .455 24.62 22.78District 7................................ 2 4 5.8 55.0 53.5 97.3 .347 19.09 18.56District 8................. .............. 7 35 5.7 47.9 48.0 100.2 .474 22.70 22.72

Total............................ 73 995 5.7 49.2 48.1 97.8 .428 21.06 20 58Overhaulers:

District 1.......... ..................... 8 149 5.9 48.7 50.4 103.5 .454 22.11 22.90District 2.................. ............. 17 146 5.3 48.0 44.0 91.7 .435 20.88 19.13District 3........................ ...... 17 193 5.6 49.3 44.5 90.3 .449 22.14 19.97District 4.......... ................... 5 12 5.4 48.0 42.4 88.3 .388 ia 62 16.44District 5______________ . 13 84 5.7 50.0 43.0 86.0 .399 19.95 17.14District 6....... .............. - ........ 6 19 5.9 54.6 49.7 91.0 .464 25.33 23.08District 7 ............................. 3 8 5.6 54.6 52.3 95.8 .418 22.82 21.85District 8_________________ 25 o.8 47.9 49.9 104.2 .427 20.45 21.32

Total................................ 76 | 636 5.6 49.1 46.0 93.7 .439 21.55 20.19

*• Includes sorters, sizers, average men, spotters, inspectors, and chute men.n Includes ham and meat passers, ham stringers, haulers to vats, meat carriers, hangers, scrapers, soakers,

tossers, washers and wipers, roustabouts, sack sewers, tiers, truck washers, vat washers, helpers of graders, inspectors, pickle makers, pumpers, smokers, and sorters.

M Includes packers of beef, barrel pork, bellies, briskets, pig rinds, and smoked meats, dippers, ratmen, sweet-pickle packers, burlap sackers, wrappers, nailers, car loaders, and car stowers.



CURED-MEAT DEPARTMENT-Continued



ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour

Average fulltime earnings

. per week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

male s—continued

Picklers:**District 1....... ........................ 9 99 5.9 49.2 51.0 103.7 $0,470 $23.12 $23.97District 2................................ 17 137 5.7 48.5 47.3 97.5 .442 21.44 20.90District 3................................ 17 149 5.8 49.1 48.0 97.8 .453 22.24 21.71District 4................................ 7 23 5.2 48.3 43.6 90.3 .405 19.56 17. 65District 5................................ 13 46 5.7 50.7 45.6 89.9 .438 22.21 19.98District 6................................ 7 28 5.7 54.6 49.8 91.2 .482 26.32 24.04District 7............................... 4 7 5.7 53.9 53.3 98.9 .489 26.36 26.06District 8.............................. 10 26 5.8 48.0 52.7 109.8 .454 21.79 23.91

Total................................... 84 515 5.8 49.4 48.4 98.0 .452 22.33 21.89Rubbers, salters, and pilers:

District 1................................ * 39 5.91

50.1 50.7 101.2 .443 22.19 22.44District 2............................... 16 73 5.6 48.2 47.1 97.7 .429 20.68 20.20District 3................................ 16 125 5.5 48.5 40.3 83.1 .445 21.58 17.93District 4................................ 4 15 5.7 48.0 41.2 85.8 .410 19.68 16.87District 5............................... 8 53 5.4 50.6 36.8 72.7 .408 20.64 15.02District 6................................ 2 4 6.0 54.0 49.1 90.9 .452 24.41 22.19District 7................................ 2 7 5.6 54.3 48.5 89.3 .438 23.78 21.23District 8................................ 6 11 5.7 47.7 52.5 110.1 .433 20.65 22.75

Total................................... 61 327 5.6 49.1 43.2 88.0 .434 21.31 18.74Smokers:

District 1................................ 6 19 6.0 54.8 60.4 110. 2 .493 27.02 29.80District 2............................... 15 37 5.9 56.6 54.9 97.0 .454 25.70 24.93District 3................................ 17 39 6.0 55.1 56.0 101.6 .453 24.96 25.36District 4................................ 7 16 5.9 55.5 56.1 101.1 .404 22.42 22.63District 5................................ 11 18 5.5 60.0 56.7 94.5 .477 28.62 27.03District 6................................ 6 13 5.9 58.2 61.4 105.5 .479 27.88 29.41District 7................................ 2 3 6.0 66.3 66.3 100.0 .500 33.17 33.17District 8................................ 9 20 5.9 53.6 53.9 100.6 .494 26.48 26.60

Total................................... 73 165 5.9 56.2 56.7 100.9 .464 26.08 26.30

Batchers, trimmers, and knife men:

District 1................................ 6 65 5.8 49.7 49.4 99.4 .493 24.50 24.33District 2............................... 16 93 5.4 48.1 44.6 92.7 .453 21.79 20.22District 3................................ 16 93 5.8 49.0 44.1 90.0 .452 22.15 19.90District 4................................ 5 16 5.3 48.9 43.9 89.8 .411 20.10 18.07District 5................................ 5 41 o.6 50.8 44.3 87.2 .437 22.20 19.38District 6............................... 5 15 6.1 54.0 50.0 92.6 .477 25.76 23.85District 7 . . . . ......................... 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 8................................ 2 5 6.0 48.0 55.1 114.8 .474 22.75 26.11

Total................................... 56 330 5.7 49.4 45.8 92.7 .459 22.67 21.03

Trackers:District 1................................ 7 237 5.8 49.4 48.6 98.4 .418 20.65 20.34District 2............................... 14 253 5.3 48.2 45.8 95.0 .393 18.94 17.96District 3................................ 15 268 5.6 49.2 45.2 91.9 .392 19.29 17.73District 4................................ 4 16 4.6 48.3 37.2 77.0 .335 16.18 12.47District 5............................... 6 70 5.5 54.1 46.6 86.1 .376 20.34 17.51District 6............................... 3 14 5.9 54.0 48.4 89.6 .415 22.41 20.05District 7................................ 4 7 5.0 54.1 43.0 79.5 .286 15.47 12.29District 8............................... 4 6 6.0 48.0 57.7 120.2 .420 20.16 24.22

Total................................... 57 871 5.5 49.5 46.4 93.7 .397 19.65 18.43

*Data included in total.Includes ptefrle men, pickle makers, pumpers, and curers,


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 115T a b l e A.— Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and

actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

CURED-MEAT DEPARTMENT—Continued


Number of establish

ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

* Per cent of


worked

Average

earningsper

hour

Averagefu lltimeearningsper

week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week


Utility men, assistant butchers, straw bosses, assistant foremen, and small-order men:

District 1____________ ____ 8 61 6.0 48.4 51.9 107.2 $0,501 $24.25 $26.04District 2............................... 17 88 5.8 48.5 49.4 101.9 .522 25.32 25.80District 3................................ 16 123 5.8 49.1 49.3 100.4 .554 27.20 27.34District 4................................ 4 14 5.6 48.0 43.7 91.0 .463 22.22 20.24District 5................................ 10 36 5.9 50.4 50.5 100.2 .555 27.97 28.03District 6.................. ............ 6 16 5.8 55.5 52.2 94.1 .475 26.36 24.82District 7................................ 4 15 5.7 54.1 54.4 100.6 .545 29.48 29.66District 8................... ........... 6 9 5.9 47.3 48.8 103.2 .548 25.92 26.74

Total................................... 71 362 5.9 49.4 50.0 101.2 .530 26.18 26.51All occupations:

District 1................................ 9 1,477 5.8 49.1 50.8 103.5 .443 21.75 22.51District 2............................... 17 1,742 5.6 48.5 47.1 97.1 .424 20.56 19.95District 3......................... ...... 17 2,052 5.7 49.3 45.7 92.7 .433 21.35 19.82District 4............................... 7 240 5.3 48.6 43.0 88.5 .392 19.05 16.83District 5 .. ........ .................. 13 608 5.6 52.2 45.6 87.4 .418 21.82 19.05District 6______ __________ 7 264 5.8 54.9 50.5 92.0 .448 24.60 22.63District 7............................... 4 82 5.7 54.7 52.1 95.2 .456 24.94 23. 77District 8......................... ...... 10 221 5.7 48.4 50.7 104.8 .445 21.54 22.55

Total................................... 84 6,686 5.7 49.5 47.5 96.0 .432 21.38 20.52FEMALES

Miscellaneous workers:24District 1............................... 6 93 5.8 48.4 44.3 91.5 .359 17.38 15.88District 2.............................. 13 115 5.5 48.0 41.8 87.1 .304 14.59 12.72District 3 .. ............................ 15 147 5.5 50.0 41.0 82.0 .286 14.30 11.72District 4_________________ 6 22 5.3 48.2 39.7 82.4 .275 13.26 10.91District 5„__........................... 10 69 5.8 49.9 43.9 88.0 .262 13.07 11.53District 6.................. - ........... 4 26 5.3 52.6 36.1 68.6 .301 15.83 10.84District 7.................... ........... 1 4 6.0 48.0 60.5 126.0 .262 12.58 15.87District 8................................ 7 43 5.7 47.0 43.4 92.3 .333 15.65 14.45

Total.................... .............. 62 519 5.6 49.0 42.2 86.1 .304 14.90 12.84MALES AND FEMALES

All occu p a tio n s :District 1.............................. 9 1,570 .5.8 49.0 50.4 102.9 .439 21. 51 22.12District 2............................... 17 1,857 5.6 48.4 46.7 96.5 .417 20.18 19.51District 3___........................... 17 2,199 5.7 49.4 45.4 91.9 .425 21.00 19.28District 4 .. . ........................... 7 262 5.3 48.6 42.7 87.9 .382 18.57 16.33District 5 .. ............................ 13 677 5.6 51.9 45.4 87.5 .403 20.92 18.29District 6......................... ...... 7 290 5.8 54.7 49.2 89.9 .438 23.96 21. 57District 7............................... 4 86 5.7 54.4 52.5 96.5 .446 24.26 23.40District 8............................. . 10 264 5.7 48.2 49.5 102.7 .429 20.68 21.23

Total................................... 84 7,205 5.7 49.5 47.1 95.2 .424 20.99 19.97

i Data included in total.** Includes wrappers, labelers, laborers, packers, sewers (hand or machine), bag makers, weighers, tiers

wipers, baggers, and trimmers.


T a b l e A.— Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours ana earnings per weeky average earnings per hourt and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

CANNING DEPARTMENT



Number of establish

ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week

Averageffll-timehoursper

week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

MALESCooks:

District 1................................ 8 9 5.2 46.7 46.7 100.0 $0,509 $23.74 $23.74District 2_________________ 2 6 5.2 4a 0 44.7 93.1 .417 20.02 iaa3District 3_________________ 7 10 5.5 4a 6 43.8 90.1 .448 21.77 19.62District 5_____________ ____ 1 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9

Total___________________ 13 26 5.2 47.8 44.3 92.7 .461 22.04 20.41

Steam tenders, process men, and retort men:

District 1_________________ 3 12 6.6 47.5 52.3 110.1 .465 22.09 24.30District 2__________________ 2 4 5.3 48.0 43.6 90.8 .433 20.78 18.89District 3____________ _____ 6 8 5.9 50.3 49.5 98.4 .455 22.89

(1)22.51

District 5................................ 1 (9 0) 0) (9 (9<9 (9(9 (9(9District 6_________________ 1 0) (i) 0) (9 (9Total_______ ____ __ ____ 13 26 5.5 4a 7 50.1 102.9 .455 22.16 22.80

Passers and pilers, cans:District 1.................... ........... 2 11

(95.2 46.9 43.4 92.6 .438 20.54 19.00

District 2 .. ............................ 1 (0 (9 0) (9 <9 (0 (9(923.26

District 3................................ 1 (9 <96.0

(9 0) (9 0) 0)District 5__________ _______ 2 5 52.8 59.9 113.4 .389 20.54Total................................... 6 19 5.5 48.6 48 6 100.0 .425 20.64 20.64

Trimmers, meat (by hand): District 1...................... ......... 1 3 6.0 48.0 51.3 106.9 .500 24.00 25.65District 2................................ 1 0) 0)2.5

(9 (9 (927.7

(9.429

(9 (95.71District 3................................ 1 11 48.0 13.3 20 69

District 6......................... . 1 3 6.0 54.0 51.2 94.8 .442 23.87 22.62Total.......... ........................ 4 18 3.8 49.0 27.7 56.5 .452 22.15 12.53

Machine tenders (preparing and stuffing meat into cans):

District 1___________ ______ 6 32 5.8 48.8 52.3 107.2 .463 22.69 24.24District 2................................ 13 56 5.6 48.1 47.7 99.2 .442 21.26 21.11District 3................................ 15 39 5.6 50 3 4a 9 93.2 .406 20.42 19.04District 4.............................. . 4 7 5 6 47.4 45.0 94.9 .430 20.38 19.33District 5......................... ...... 8 19 5.8 51 4 53.6 104.1 .396 20.35 21.18District 6_________________ 4 10 5.9 54.0 49.6 91.9 .457 24.68 22.64District 7______ ____ ______ 2 2 6.0 54.5 60.7 111.4 .252 13.73 15.29District 8................................ 3 4 5.8 50.3 67.8 134.8 .430 21.63 29.19

Total................................... 55 169 5.7 49.6 49.7 100.2 .430 21.33 21.37

Staffers (meat into cans by hand):

District 1_________________ 4 11 5.5 49.1 46.7 95.1 .483 23.72 22.57District 2_________________ 1 (9

17(95.7

(948.0

(9 (993.5

(9.407

<919.64 (918.26District 3_________________ 4 44 9

District 4................................ 1 (97

(95.0

(956.6

(945.8 0)

80.90).512 (92a 98

(923.41District 5....... ......... .............. 3

Total................................... 13 37 5.5 49.9 45.7 91.6 .449 22.41 20.51

Packers and nailers:District 1_________________ 5 68 5.9 48.4 50.8 105.0 .446 21.59 22.66District 2_________________ 8 14 5.6 48.0 50.1 104.4 .414 19.87 20.73District 3._________________ 7 53 5.3 50.7 40.2

(979.3 .400 20.28 16.06

(9District 4L._______________ _ 1(,)<

(94.5

(054.0

(970.4 <9.423

(9District 8________________ _ 3 3a 0 22.84 16.04

Total................................... 24 141 5.6 49.4 46.4 93.9 .426 21.04 19.75



Table A.—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued




Number of establish

ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week


Cappers:District 1_________________ 4 27 5.2 47.1 46.7 99.2 $0,496 $23.36 $23.17District 2_________________ 3 4 5.3 4a o 43.1 89.8 .425 20.40 18.33District 3________ ____ ____ 7 43 4.9 49.4 36.5 73.9 .411 20.30 15.00District 5_________________ 3 10 5.4 54.0 46.8 86.7 .422 22.79 19.72

Total................................... 17 84 5.1 49.1 41.3 84.1 .444 21.80 18.35Machine tenders, washing and

District 1_________________ 2 6 5.7 46.0 47.9 104.1 .437 20.10 20.92District 5_________________ 1 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9

Total................................... 3 7 5.4 46.3 46.6 100.7 .423 19.58 19.72

General workers:District 1_________________ 4 26 5.8 48.1 52.5 109.1 .486 23.38 25.49District 2_________________ 3 16 5.6 48.0 47.4 98.8 .521 25. 01 24.69District 3_________________ 9 23 6. 0 49.9 49.8 99.8 .545 27.20 27.10District 4_________________ 1 (9

6 <95.7

(947.4

(950.8

(9107.2

(9.416

(919.72 (9

21.16District 5_________________ 3District 7_________________ 1 (9 (9(9 (9 (9 <9(9 (9 (9 (9(9District 8__________________ 1 (9 (9 <9 (9 (9

Total................................... 22 74 5.8 48.8 51.0 104.5 .502 24.50 25. 58Inspectors:

District 1_________________ 4 30 5.3 47.1 47.9 101.7 .492 23.17 23.57District 2_______________ . 2 7 5.6 48.0 48.2 100.4 .443 21.26 21.37District 3_______________ _ 2 5 5.6 50.4 41.3 81.9 .455 22.93 18.79District 6_________________ 1 0) <9 <9 <9 (9 (9 (9 (9

Total................................... 9 44 5.4 47.9 47.4 99.0 .477 22.85 22.61Truckers a n d forkers:

District 1_________________ 5 91 5.4 46.8 46.4 99.1 .425 19.89 19.68District 2_________ -_______ 1 (9

21(95.5

(950.9

(943.8

(986.1

(9.390

(919.85 (917.05District 3_________________ 7

District 4.......... ..................... 3 4 5.3 48.0 51.5 107.3 .357 17.14 18.38District 5_________________ 2 9 5.3 48.0 38.0 79.2 .326 15.65 12.39District 8.................. .......... . 1 (9 (9 (9 <9 (9 (9 (9 (9

Total............ ; ..................... 19 128 5.4 47.6 46.0 96.6 .410 19.52 18.89Laborers:**

District 1............................... 5 73 5.6 49.5 52.8 106.7 .412 20.39 21.74District 2............................... 8 45 5.4 48.0 46.9 97.7 .392 18.82 18.36District 3_________________ 8 31 5.2 49.7 43.5 87.5 .389 19.33 16.94District 4_______________ _ 3 4 5.5 47.3 47.4 100.2 .341 16.13 16.16District 5_________________ 1 7 4.4 48.0 39.1 81.5 .321 15.41 12.54District 6_________________ 1 5 5.6 54.0 46.6 86.3 .400 21.60 18.64District 8_________________ 1 0) (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9

Total................................... 27 166 5.4 49.1 48.5 98.8 .398 19.54 19.29FEMALES

Passers and pilers, cans:District 1_________________ 2 23 4.5 45.9 34.9 76.0 .352 16.16 12.27District 2_________________ 1 (94 <94.5

(951.0

(928.3

(955.5

(9.279

(914.23 y .s sDistrict 3_________________ 2

District 5............................... 1 4 4.0 48.0 29.0 60.4 .225 10.80 6.53Total................................... 6 32 4.4 46.9 33.5 71.4 .329 15.43 11.01

* Data included in total.# Includes clean-up men, cooler men, shovers, roustabouts, washing-machine helpers, and cooks’ helpers.






ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earnings per ‘

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

females—continued Trimmers meat (by hand):

District 1—............................ 3 95 5.1 49.7 41.4 83.3 $0.318 $15.80 $13.19District 2............................... 1 4 5.0 48.0 39.9 83.1 .314 15.07 12.52District 3............................... 2 25 5.8 48.0 42.7 89.0 .262 12.58 11.19District 5............................ . 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 6............................... 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)

Total................................. . 8 126 5.3 49.4 41.6 84.2 .306 15.12 12.74Machine tenders (preparing and

stuffing meat into cans):District 1............................... 4 43 4.5 46.0 35.3 76.7 .344 15.82 12.17District 2._............................ 4 4 5.8 48.0 40.3 84.0 .346 16.61 13.94District 3............................ . 3 14 5.9 49.7 46.8 94.2 .297 14.76 13.90District 4............................... 2 2 5.5 48.0 40.5 84.4 .240 11.52 9.72District 5.............................._ 3 6 5.3 52.5 47.8 91.0 .283 14.86 13. 55District 7............................... 2 2 6.0 46.5 53.4 114.8 .264 12.28 14.09District 8............................... 3 4 5.8 48.0 43.1 89.8 .384 18.43 16.56

Total................................... 21 75 5.0 47.5 39.8 83.8 .325 15.44 12.92

Staffers (meat into cans by hand):District 1............................... 2 40 5.0 49.3 41.1 83.4 .346 17.06 14.18District 2................................ 1 25 4.6 48.0 36.0 75.0 .361 17.33 13.02District 3............................ . 3 21 5.6 51.1 43.3 84.7 .253 12.93 10.95District 5............................... 2 15 4.9 48.0 35.0 72.9 .257 12.34 8.97

Total.................. ............... 8 101 5.0 49.2 39.4 80.1 .316 15.55 12.45

P a ck e rs (sliced bacon and chipped dried beef in cans, glass jars, or cartons, by hand):

District 1............................... 7 302 5.7 48.9 46.5 95.1 .385 18.83 17.90District 2....... ......... .............. 13 314 5.2 48.0 42.9 89.4 .315 15.12 13.49District 3............................... 17 290 5.6 50.0 41.2 82.4 .295 14.75 12.16District 4............... ............. 7 119 5.0 47.5 38.5 81.1 .261 12.40 10.07District 5............................... 9 84 5.7 50.4 43.4 86.1 .272 13.71 11.80District 6................................ 4 70 5.8 50.3 41.6 82.7 .301 15.14 12.52District 7................................ 3 17 5.7 49.5 51.9 104.8 .236 11.68 12.26District 8—............................ 6 90 5.7 47.7 43.7 91.6 .392 18.70 17.12

Total................................... 66 1,286 5.5 48.9 43.1 88.1 .325 15.89 13.98

Weighers (filled cans):District 1............................ 4 70 5.6 48.6 45.7 94.0 .371 18.03 16.95District 2............................... 10 48 5.3 48.0 42.8 89.? .311 14.93 13.33District 3............................... 9 51 5.8 51.1 41.5 81.2 .287 14.67 11.91District 4................................ 5 18 5.2 47.3 39.4 83.3 .273 12.91 10.74District 5............... ................ 6 30 5.8 50.0 42.1 84.2 .262 13.10 11.06District 6................................ 2 10 6.0 50.0 46.8 93.6 .317 15.85 14.86District 7................................ 3 5 5.4 51.6 48.8 94.6 .191 9.86 9.33District 8................................ 3 6 5.7 48.0 41.0 85.4 .317 15.22 13.02

Total................................... 42 238 5.6 49.2 43.3 88.0 .314 15.45 13.58

Wipers (filled cans):0) 0) 0)District 1....... ........................ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)

District 2................................ 1 4 5j0 48.0 38.8 80.8 .458 21.98 17.73District 3................................ 2 5 4.6 50.4 30.6 60.7 .278 14.01 8.51

Total................................... 4 11 4.8 49.1 35.1 71.5 .362 17.77 12.71

1 pata included in total.


T able A.— Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time workedy 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

CANNING DEPARTMENT—Continued

W AdES AND HOURS OP LABOR, 1931 119


ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

fem a les—continuedCappers:

District 1............... *..............District 2...............................District 3............... ...............

311

600

5.80)0

50.000

49.50)0

99.000

$0,34500)

$17.250)0

$17.0600

Total................................. 5 8 5.8 49.5 45.6 92.1 .339 16.78 15.45Labelers and wrappers:

District 1............... ................District 2...............................District 3_________________District 4_________________District 5............... ................District 6............. ..................

456 5 7 3

6018216

525

5/15.56.05.2 5.45.2

47.848.050.348.0 48.650.4

39.645.3 46.1 40.540.337.7

82.894.491.784.4 82.974.8

.366

.361

.262

.266

.253

.289

17.49 17.33 13.18 12.77 12.30 14.57

14.4816.3412.0910.7610.2010.88

Total............... .................. 30 162 5.4 48.5 41.3 85.2 .309 14.99 12.76General workers:26

District 1_________________District 2............. ......... ........District 3................ ..........District 4..............................District 5.......... ........... .........District 6________ ____ ____District 8..............................

5592512

50162245

0 4

5.55.6 5.25.05.6

0)6.0

49.048.449.646.548.7 048.0

46.1 42.9 37.4 40.351.2 047.3

94.188.675.4 86.7

105.1098.5

.351

.369

.264

.250

.3930.480

17.2017.8613.0911.6319.140)23.04

16.2015.839.89

10.0520.10022.66

Total.................. .......... . 29 102 5.5 48.9 43.8 89.6 .342 16.72 14.98MALES

All occupations:District 1...............................District 2_________________District 3____ ____________District 4............... ................District 5..... ................ .........District 6............................ .District 7____ ______ ______District 8....... ........................

614166

10424

39915826219662537

5.65.55.35.55.45.6 6.0 5.9

47.948.049.9 47.651.154.0 54.351.0

49.547.441.748.347.4 48.158.470.5

103.398.8 83.6

101.592.8 89.1

107.6 138.2

.449

.430

.423

.381

.397

.437

.360

.408

21.51 20.64 21.11 18.14 20.29 23.60 19.55 20.81

22.1920.40 17.6418.41 18.84 21.02 21.02 28.78

Total....... ........... ................ 62 939 5.5 48.9 47.0 96.1 .433 21.17 20.32FEMALES

All occupations:District 1............................... 7 691 6.4 48.6 43.7 89.9 .365 17.74 15.96District 2............................... 14 435 5.2 48.0 42.5 88.5 .322 15.46 13.68District 3.......................... . 17 454 5.6 50.1 41.4 82.6 .287 14.38 11.88District 4.................. ............. 7 149 5.1 47.4 38.8 81.9 .262 12.42 10.18District 5_............................. 11 197 5.5 49.7 41.8 84.1 .268 13.32 11.22District 6............................... 5 87 5.8 50.3 41.9 83.3 .303 15.24 12.68District 7............................... 3 24 5.7 49.7 51.4 103 4 .230 11.43 11.80District 8............................... 6 104 5.7 47.7 43.7 91.6 .391 18.65 17.08

Total................................... 70 2,141 5.4 48.9 42.5 86.9 .322 15.75 13.67MALES AND FEMALES

All occupations:District 1............................... 7 1,090 5.4 48.4 45.8 94.6 .398 19.26 18.24District 2............................... 15 593 5.3 48.0 43.8 91.3 .353 16.94 15.47District 3............. ................. 17 716 5.5 50.0 41.5 83.0 .337 16.85 13.99District 4............................... 7 168 5.1 47.5 39.9 84.0 .279 13.25 11.11District 5............................ . 13 263 5.5 50.0 43.2 86.4 .304 15.20 13.13District 6.............................. 5 112 5.8 51.1 43.3 84.7 .336 17.17 14.54District 7............................... 4 27 5.7 50.2 52.2 104.0 .246 12.35 12.83District 8............................... 6 111 5.7 47.9 45.4 94.8 .393 18.82 17.82

Total................................... 74 3,080 5.4 48.9 43.8 89.6 .358- 17.51 15.69

* Data included in total. i6 Includes cooks, inspectors, and laborers.


1 2 0 SLAUGHTERING AND MEAT PACKING

Table A.—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR DEPARTMENTBTJIIim . ■ .........' &..... .


ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

MALESBlacksmiths:

District l._ ............................. 7 15 6.0 48.7 46.1 94.7 $0,668.586

$32.5328.36

$30.81District 2___........................... 16 28 5.6 48.4 42.6 88.0 24.96District 3—............................ 16 27 5.6 48.7 44.5 91.4 .599 29.17 26.66District 4__............................ 6 7 5.1 46.3 40.6 87.7 .561 25.97 22.78District 5__............................. 9 11 6.0 50.8 50.0 98.4 .616 31.29 30.81District 6................................ 6 8 6.0 51.8 46.8 90.3 .623 32.27 29.14District 7_______ _____ ___ 2 2 6.0 52.0 50.7 97.5 .445 23.14 22.52District 8............................ 8 8 5.8 48.8 47.0 96.3 .623 30.40 29.29

Total................................. 70 106 5.7 49.0 45.0 91.8 .606 29.69 27.28Boilermakers:

District 1—............................ 2 14 5.8 48.0 40.3 84.0 .720 34.56 29.00District 2............................... 9 19 5.5 48.0 42.3 88.1 .614 29.47 25.95District 3.......... .............. ...... 4 7 5.6

0)50.6 44.4 87.7

0).634 32.08

028.11

District 4..... .......................... 1 0)00)

0 0 0District 5................................ 1 0 0) m 0 0) i 0)District 6—............................ 1 0) 0) m 0 0 0 0District 8—....... .................... 1 0 0) 0 0 0 0 0 0

Total_______ ____ _____ 19 44 5.6 48.5 42.1 86.8 .647 31.38 27.26Bricklayers and masons:

District 1_..............................' 7 39 5.9 45.9 42.1 91.7 1.598 73.35 67.21District 2 .............................. 8 14 47 48.0 36.8 76.7 1.354 64.99 49.80District 3______ ____ ______ 10 17 5.4 49.2 42.1 85.6 .785 38.62 33.09District 4__............................ 3 4 4.5 47.0 35.3 75.1 .938 44.09 33.06District 5—............................ 5 6 6.0 48.8 47.3 96.9 .654 31.92 30.94District 6—.......... ............... 7 8 5.9 52.5 46.7 89.0 .641 33.65 29.95District 8—............................ 3 3 5.3 48.0 42.7 89.0 .850 40.80 36.27

Total................................... 43 91 5.5 47.7 41.7 87.4 1.197 57.10 49.97Carpenters:

District 1—....... .................... 9 251 5.8 48.1 43.2 89.8 .660 31.75 28.51District 2................................ 16 161 5.6 48.1 43.7 90.9 .567 27.27 24.75District 3_____ ___________ 16 110 5.7 49.0 46.2 94.3 .576 28.22 26.60District 4________________ 6 27 4.9 47.7 38.0 79.7 .563 26.86 21.41District 5__............................ 11 48 5.9 49.4 46.2 93.5 .553 27.32 25.56District 6—............................ 8 35 5.9 53.0 46.7 88.1 .612 32.44 28.58District 7 ........................... 4 5 5.6 52.8 51.7 97.9 .532 28.09 27.51District 8_______________ 10 33 5.6 48.4 46.5 96.1 .624 30.20 29.00

Total _ _. 80 670 5.7 48.6 44.2 90.9 .607 29.50 26.81

Coopers (repairers):District 1_________________ 11 177 5.5 48.2 45.2 93.8 .562 27.09 25.42District 2_________________ 15 114 5.4 48.1 44.3 92.1 .528 25.40 23.38District 3________ ____ ___ 16 100 5.7 49.0 45.2 92.2 .560 27.44 25.32District 4________ ____ ____ 6 17 5.4 45.9 40.9 89.1 .533 24.46 21.82District 5.......... ..................... 12 43 5.8 49.5 47.3 95.6 .519 25.69 24.54District 6______ _____ _____ 9 49 5.6 53.4 44.9 84.1 .593 31.67 26.61District 7 ..—......................... 3 8 5.4 54.5 50.0 91.7 .456 24.85 22.80District 8 ............................ 8 16 5.5 49.5 44.8 90.5 .562 27.82 25.15

Total_____„___ __________ 80 524 5.6 49.0 45.1 92.0 .551 27.00 24.83



T a b l e A.—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours ana earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued




Number o f establish

ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

m a l e s — continued Electrical workers:

District 1................................ 8 71 5 .9 48.3 46.4 96.1 $0.662 $31.97 $30.72District 2 ......................................... 16 75 5 .7 48.2 45.3 94.0 .582 28.05 26.37District 3................................ 15 63 6 .0 49.7 48 .0 96.6 .592 29.42 28.38District 4.......................................... 6 18 5 .4 46.9 42.6 90.8 .579 27.16 24.65District 5.......................................... 10 19 6 .4 49.2 53.3 108.3 .594 29.22 31.66District 6................................ 8 24 5 .9 50.3 49.5 98.4 .612 30.78 30.30District 7.......................................... 4 4 6 .0 5 3.5 55.8 104.3 .578 30.92 32.28District 8................................*____ 9 13 5 .7 48.5 46.8 96.5 .703 34.10 32.91

Total................................... 76 287 5 .9 48.8 47.1 96.5 .612 29.87 28.84

Laborers:District 1................................ 9 400 5 .7 49.1 47.2 96.1 .430 21.11 20.32District 2.......................................... 17 409 5 .4 48.1 43.0 89.4 .392 18.86 16.85District 3.......................................... 17 264 5 .7 49.3 44.6 90.5 .412 20.31 18.39District 4.......................................... 5 68 5 .1 46.6 40.9 87.8 .349 16.26 14.27District 5.......................................... 7 71 6 .0 48.7 47.5 97.5 .359 17.48 17.07District 6................................ 5 38 5 .9 54.5 51.3 94.1 .407 22.18 20.84District 7.......................................... 2 17 6 .1 54.8 58.7 107.1 .232 12.71 13.59District 8 .......................................... 10 74 5 .9 48.3 50.7 105.0 .410 19.80 20.77

Total................................... 72 1,341 5 .6 48.8 45.6 93.4 .403 19.67 18.36

Machinists:District 1................................ 1 6 52 5 .9 48.0 45.6 95.0 .661 31.73 30.11District 2.......................................... 14 85 5 .6 48.1 44.8 93.1 .639 30.74 28.65District 3 .......................................... 14 59 5 .7 48.5 45.3 93.4 .619 30.02 28.04District 4 .......................................... 4 13 5 .4 47.1 42.7 90.7 .612 28.83 26.14District 5____________ __________ 8 17 5 .9 49.6 50.1 101.0 .625 31.00 31.34District 6............................... 9 29 5 .9 52.6 47.5 90.3 .662 34.82 31.46District 7.......................................... 2 3 6 .3 54.3 € 0 .8 112.0 .509 27.64 30.94District 8 .......................................... 8 15 6 .0 49.6 51.7 104.2 .651 32.29 33.64

Total................................... 65 273 5 .8 48.8 46.1 94.5 .638 31.13 29.44

Machine hands:District 1................................ 4 21 5 .6 48.0 42.3 88.1 .584 28.03 24.69District 2........................................... 4 10 4 .9 48 .0 38 .6 80.4 .549 26.35 21.20District 3.......................................... 3 6 5 .7 51.0 43.8 85.9 .626 31.93 27.45District 4........................................... 3 4 5 .3 4 6 .0 38 .8 84.3 .490 22.54 19.00District 5.......................................... 2 4 5 .5 49 .0 41 .5 84.7 .417 20.43 17.33District 8.......................................... 3 3 6 .0 48 .0 48 .0 100.0 .69 2 33.23 33.23

Total................................... 19 48 5 .4 48.3 41.7 86.3 .570 27.53 23.75

Millwrights:District 1................................ 10 111 5 .9 48.2 48.7 101.0 .655 31.57 31.87District 2.......................................... 14 129 5 .7 48.0 46.3 96.5 .573 27.50 26.56District 3.......................................... 16 113 5 .8 49 .2 47 .8 97.2 .587 28.88 28.06District 4.......................................... 6 31 5 .5 47.1 43.9 93.2 .561 26.42 24.61District 5................................ 10 22 6 .0 48.9 51.0 1 0 1 3 .583 28.51 29.74District 6................................ 6 8 6 .1 51.0 53.9 105.7 .640 32.64 34.50District 7...................- ..................... 2 2 6 .0 57.5 63.3 110.1 .395 22.71 24.98District 8-.............................. 7 13 5 .9 48.0 54.1 112.7 .652 31.30 35.26

Total-................................. 71 429 5 .8 48.5 47.8 98 .6 .601 29.15 28.76






ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continued Painters:

District 1................................ 8 48 5.9 48.4 45.0 93.0 $0,556 $26.91 $24.99District 2............................... 14 48 5.6 48.1 44.3 92.1 .490 23.57 21.74District 3................................ 15 41 5.8 49.6 44.2 89.1 .485 24.06 21.43District 4................................ 5 8 5.4 47.0 42.4 90.2 .485 22.80 20.57District 5................................ 6 17 5.8 48.6 45.9 94.4 .499 24.25 22.91District 6................................ 7 13 5.9 52.2 47.6 91.2 .545 28.45 25.93District 7................................ 2 2 6.5 54.5 56.8 104.2 .358 19.51 20.34District 8................................ 6 7 6.0 48.0 47.6 99.2 .616 29.57 29.31

Total................................... 63 184 5.8 48.9 45.0 92.0 .514 25.13 23.14Plumbers and pipe fitters:

District 1................................ 9 83 6.0 48.2 45.9 95.2 .658 31.72 30.21District 2................................ 16 125 5.6 48.1 43.4 90.2 .575 27.66 24.95District 3............................... 16 87 5.8 49.6 46.5 93.8 .594 29.46 27.65District 4................................ 6 26 5.5 46.8 42.7 91.2 .556 26.02 23.71District 5 .............................. 10 20 6.3 50.1 52.6 105.0 .604 30.26 31.81District 6................................ 7 25 6.0 53.0 47.5 89.6 .621 32.91 29.45District 7................................ 3 7 5.6 52.7 52.0 98.7 .432 22.77 22.43District 8................................ 9 22 6.0 48.3 52.8 109.3 .626 30.24 33.04

Total.................. ................ 76 395 5.8 48.9 46.0 94.1 .600 29.34 27.61Repairers:17

District 1................................ 6 111 5.9 48.0 42.5 88.5 .658 31.58 27.98District 2................................ 15 122 5.6 48.1 42.6 88.6 .559 26.89 23.80District 3................................ 16 84 5.7 48.7 46.0 94.5 .560 27.27 25.78District 4................................ 6 31 5.3 47.5 42.7 89.9 .541 25.70 23.11District 5................................ 8 25 6.0 49.0 49.2 100.4 .532 26.07 26.19District 6............... ............... 5 13 5.9 52.2 50.5 96.7 .615 32.10 31.02District 7................................ 2 7 5.7 54.7 57.5 105.1 .428 23.41 24.64District 8................................ 6 18 6.1 48.0 49.5 103.1 .643 30.86 31.86

Total................................... 64 411 5.7 48.5 44.5 91.8 .585 28.37 26.02Tinners and galvanizers:

District 1................................ 4 35 5.7 48.0 40.6 84.6 .596 28.61 24.19District 2................................ 15 51 5.7 48.2 45.0 93.4 .548 26.41 24.65District 3............................... 14 33 5.8 48.8 47.1 96.5 .571 27.86 26.90District 4................................ 5 13 5.2 47.7 41.8 87.6 .564 26.90 23.54District 5................................ 5 15 5.6 49.1 43.8 89.2 .532 26.12 23.29District 6 . . . ........................... 7 13 6.0 52.6 49.5 94.1 .613 32.24 30.32District 7............................... 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)District 8................................ 6 6 5.8 49.0 48.3 98.6 .649 31.80 31.39

Total................................... 57 167 5.7 48.7 44.6 91.6 .571 27.81 25.45Other skilled occupations:28

District 1................................ 6 197 5.8 48.0 45.7 95.2 .549 26.35 25.11District 2................................ 17 194 5.7 48.1 44.9 93.3 .511 24.58 22.93District 3................................ 17 144 5.9 49.2 47.7 97.0 .573 2.. 19 27.34District 4................................ 5 32 5.5 46.5 42.9 92.3 .469 21.81 20.13District 5................................ 8 36 5.9 49.6 46.8 94.4 .578 28.67 27.06District 6............................... 8 22 6.0 52.9 48.7 92.1 .527 27.88 25.68District 7................................ 4 8 5.8 52.9 54.2 102.5 .502 26.56 27.23District 8................................ 8 21 5.8 48.4 48.9 101.0 .596 28.85 29.12

Total................................... 73 654 5.8 48.5 46.1 95.1 .542 26.29 24.99

i Data included in total.v Includes belt men, box and brush repairers, brush makers, calkers, door canvassers, harness makers,

plasterers, plug men, pump repairers, rope repairers, saw filers, tool grinders, truckmen, upholsterers, welders, wheelmen, and wheelwrights.

18 Includes assistant foremen, boiler washers, cranemen, molders, oilers, pipe coverers, roofers, steel men, stencil cutters, utility and general workers.


T a b le A.—Average days on which wage earners worked, average fuU-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued




ments


Average

days on

which wage 'earners

worked in one week

Aver-

s s .timehoursper

week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continued

Blacksmiths’ helpers:District 1_________________ 5 9 5.8 48.0 44.2 92.1 $0,458

.414$21.9820.0820.21

$20.2417.9018.0415.47

9 11 5.5 48.5 43.2 89.1District 3_________________ 7 7 5.3 48.0 42.8 89.2 .421District 4_________________ 4 4 5.3 47.0 42.0 89.4 .368 17.30District 5 ________________ 2 4 6.0 48.5 43.3 89.3 .444 21.53 19.21District 6 ________________ 4 5 5.8 50.4 48.0 95.2 .498 25.10 23.90(9District 8_________________ 1 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9

T ota l__________________ 32 41 5.6 48.4 43.9 90.7 .434 21.01 19.06Boilermakers’ helpers:

District 1_________________ 1 9 6.0 48.0 40.2 83.8 .424 20.35 17.07District 2_________________ 3 5 5.0 48.0 38.6 80.4 .440 21.12 16.98

2 4 5.5 51.0 42.5 83.3 .492 25.09(9 20.92(9(9District 4 ............ .................. 1 0)(9 (9(9 (9(9 (9(9 (9(9 (9District 5 .. . ........................... 1 (9 (9

Total ................................ 8 20 5.6 48.6 40.1 82.5 .440 21.38 17.65Carpenters’ helpers:

District 1............................... 5 76 5.6 48.0 40.5 84.4 .430 20.64 17.42District 2......................... ...... 5 36 5.1 48.2 41.5 86.1 .398 19.18 16.50District 3....... ....................... 8 21 5.6 49.7 44.9 90.3 .403 20.03 18.08District 4 ________________ 2 4 5.0 48.0 40.0 83.3 .391 18.77 15.65District 5_________________ 2 4 6.3 49.1 50.5 102.9 .370 18.17 18.69District 6_________________ 3 3 6.0 54.0 45.5 84.3 .504 27.22 22.92District 7_________________ 1

(,)n (96.0(948.0

(956.5 (911.77 (9.429 (920.59 (924.22District 8_________________ 5T ota l.......... ................... - 31 156 5.5 48.5 42.8 88.2 .417 20.22 17.87

Electrical workers’ helpers:District 1..... ................... ...... 7 23 5.3 48.0 40.4 84.2 .453 21.74 18.28District 2 ________________ 7 14 5.7 49.3 46.5 94.3 .433 21.35 20.12District 3 ________________ 9 13 5.6 48.5 45.2 93.2 .470 22.80 21.22District 4.............................. 5 6 5.3 47.3 41.5 87.7 .368 17.41 15.28District 5 ________________ 6 9 6.1 50.4 50.6 100.4 .437 22.02 22.12District 6_________________ 4 7 5.6 53.1 46.5 87.6 .513 27.24 23.84District 7 ________________ 1 <95.4 <948.0

(947.3

(998.5

(9.441 (9

21.17(920.82District 8 ________________ 4

Total................................... 43 78 5.6 49.1 44.5 90.6 .447 21.95 19.90Machinists’ helpers:

District 1.............................. 4 7 5.9 48.0 46.9 97.7 .440 21.12 20.63District 2 ________________ 9 25 5.7 48.0 45.9 95.6 .426 20.45 19.55District 3 ________________ 7 16 5.8 48.4 45.8 94.6 .416 20.13 19.02District 4.............................. 3 4 5.0 47.0 39.1 83.2 .410 19.27 16.03District 5_________________ 3 5 5.6 50.4 48.7 96.6 .428 21.57 20.84District 6................................ 3 5 6.0 49.2 48.0 97.6 .523 25.73 25.10District 7................................ 1 (9

5 <95.4(948.0

(943.0

(989.6

(9.498

(923.90

(921.42District 8................................4

Total................................... 34 68 5.7 48.4 46.0 95.0 .436 21.10 20.06Millwrights’ helpers:

District 1................................ 5 18 5.7 49.1 48.6 99.0 .455 22.34 22.10District 2 ________ ____ ___ 10 20 5.8 48.0 46.7 97.3 .433 20.78 20.22District 3________ _______— 11 27 5.5 49.8 47.3 95.0 .426 21.21 20.13District 4_______ ____ _____ 3 9 5.3 48.0 42.4 88.3 .359 17.23 15.23District 5 ________________ 3 6 5.7 50.9 49.7 97.6 .455 23.16 22.63District 6________ _________ 2 2 6.0 51.0 48.5 95.1 .539 27.49 26.16District 8_________________ 2 4 6.0 48.0 56.9 118.5 .496 23.81 28.21

Total................................... 36 86 5.6 49.1 47.5 96.7 .436 21.41 20.74




T a b l e A*— Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR DEPARTM ENT—-Continued


ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continuedPlumbers’ and pipe fitters’

helpers:District 1_________________ 6 64 6*0 48.0 45.7 95.2 $0,456

.413$21.8920.07

$20.8318.62District 2_________________ 13 47 5.6 48.6 45.1 92.8

District 3_________________ 14 42 5.6 49.0 46.3 94.5 .430 21.07 19.90District 4_________________ 4 18 5.4 46.7 41.5 88.9 .370 17.28 15.36District 5_________________ 4 10 6.2 50.0 49.7 99.4 .461 23.05 22.93District 6._________________ 7 12 5.9 53.0 45.9 86.6 .479 25.39 22.00District 7_________________ 1 0)6.0

0)48.0

0)55.4 0)115.4 %(*)

20.21 0)23.32District 8_________________ 4

Total................................... 53 199 5.8 48.7 45.8 94.0 .434 21.14 19.89

Repairers’ helpers:District 1_________________ 4 21 5.9 48.0 44.3 92.3 .453 21.74 20.03District 2_________________ 9 21 5.9 48.9 48.6 99.4 .431 21.08 20.95District 3_________________ 10 19 5.5 50.2 42.3 84.3 .423 21.23 17.89District 4_________________ 3 8 5.3 47.0 42.8 91.1 .349 16.40 14.93District 5_________________ 3 8 6.0 49.8 49.9 100.2 .412 20.52 20.53District 6_________________ 5 9 6.0 50.7 46.5 91.7 .479 24.29 22.29

Total................................... 34 86 5.8 49.1 45.5 92.7 .430 2L11 19.59Tinners’ helpers:

District 1 ________________ 3 9 5.8 48.0 41.6 86.7 .428 20.54 17.79District 2_________________ 10 17 5.5 48.0 43.4 90.4 .414 19.87 17.96District 3 _________________ 7 16 5.6 49.5 43.7 88.3 .430 21.29 18.79District 4_________________ 5 5 4.6 47.2 36.0 76.3 .349 16.47 12.56District 5_________________ 2 3 5.7 49.5 44.3 89.5 .449 22.23 19.92District 6 ________________ 2 3 6.0 52.0 48.7 93.7 .513 26.68 24.96District 8____________ -____ 3 3 6.0 48.0 54.3 113.1 .463 22.22 25.13

Total___________ _____ __ 32 56 5.5 48.7 43.4 89.1 .427 20.79 18.55

AH occupations:District 1_________________ 11 1,861

1,7805.8 48.3 45.1 93.4 .575 27.77 25.91

District 2_________________ 17 5.5 48.1 44.0 91.5 .510 24.53 22.43District 3.................... .......... 17 1,320

3595.7 49.2 45.9 93.3 .529 26.03 24.27

District 4_________________ 7 5.3 46.9 41.5 88.5 .483 22.65 20.05District 5............ .............. .... 13 405 5.9 49.3 48.2 97.8 .511 25.19 24.60District 6............ ................... 9 332 5.9 52.6 47.9 91.1 .567 29.82 27.18District 7......... .............. ........ 5 70 5.8 54.1 55.0 101.7 .405 21.91 22.28District 8____________ _____ 10 287 5.8 48.4 49.7 102.7 .551 26.67 27.40

Total_____________ ______ 89 6,414 5.7 48.7 45.4 93.2 .535 26.05 24.29

MISCELLANEOUS EMPLOYEES—ALL DEPARTMENTS

9 126 5.8 49.1 51.1 104.1 $0,449 $22.05 $22.9317 140 5.5 48.3 46.2 95.7 .419 20.24 19.3615 158 5.7 49.3 46.5 94.3 .412 20.31 19.186 26 5.5 47.5 44.5 93.7 .384 18.24 17.08

11 43 5.5 50.1 43.4 86.6 .320 16.03 13.907 15 5.9 53.2 49.1 92.3 .460 24.47 22.572 6 6.0 54.2 54.9 101.3 .289 15.66 15.878 14 5.6 47.8 5a 4 105.4 .421 20.12 21.25

75 528 5.7 49.1 47.4 96.5 .415 20.38 19.70

Branders, markers, stampers, stencilers, and taggers:

District 1..............................District 2.............................. .District 3.............................. .District 4.............................. .District 5.............................. .District 6.............................. .District 7.............................. .District 8.............................. .

Total..................................



T a b l e A .—Average days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, by department, sex, occupation, and district—Continued

MISCELLANEOUS EMPLOYEES—ALL DEPARTMENTS—Continued



ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof

funtimehoursactu-ally

worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

males—continued Scalers and weighers:

District 1................................ 11 151 5.9 48.8 50.9 104.3 $0,486 $23.72 $24.72District 2................................ 17 228 5.8 48.4 49.8 102.9 .456 22.07 22.70District 3................................ 17 260 5.8 49.1 48.0 97.8 .457 22.44 21.95District 4................................ 7 40 5.6 47.2 46.5 98.5 .427 20.15 19.82District 5............................... 13 104 6.0 52.3 52.3 100.0 .459 24.02 24.02District 6............................... 6 23 6.0 53.2 53.6 100.8 .503 26.76 26.93District 7............................... 4 11 5.7 53.9 55.2 102.4 .440 23.72 24.29District 8............................... 9 61 5.9 48.1 50.2 104.4 .521 25.06 26.17

Total................................... 84 878 5.8 49.3 49.8 101.0 .466 22.97 23.22Doormen:

District 1 .............................. 4 37 5.6 49.9 47.1 94.4 .344 17.17 16.20District 2............................... 8 35 5.3 48.3 45.6 94.4 .301 14.54 13.71District 3............................... 9 37 5.7 48.6 46.1 94.9 ..348 16.91 16.08District 4............................... 1 (9 (9 <9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9District 5............................... 2 13 5.7 49.8 44.7 89.8 .294 14.64 13.13District 6............................... 1 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9

Total................................... 25 124 5.6 49.1 46.0 93.7 .329 16.15 15.12Elevator men:

District 1............................... 8 136 5.8 49.1 52.5 106.9 .426 20.92 22.36District 2............................... 17 167 5.7 48.2 51.6 107.1 .397 19.14 20.46District 3................................ 17 149 5.8 49.4 51.4 104.0 .400 19.76 20.58District 4............................... 5 27 5.6 47.6 48.5 101.9 .367 17.47 17.79District 5............................... 10 62 5.8 51.9 52.4 101.0 .381 19.77 20.00District 6............................... 7 24 6.0 52.8 52.4 99.2 .423 22.33 22.17District 7 .............................. 4 10 5.7 53.7 55.1 102.6 .360 19.33 19.85District 8............................... 4 13 5.8 48.0 51.0 106.3 .439 21.07 22.37

Total................................... 72 588 5.8 49.3 51.8 105.1 .403 19.87 20.86Door and other boys:

District 2....... ....................... 6 48 5.1 48.0 38.9 81.0 .290 13.92 11.29District 3............................... 12 200 5.6 48.6 43.4 89.3 .280 13.61 12.15District 4................................ 1 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9District 5................................ 6 36 5.9 49.8 51.4 103.2 .242 12.05 12.45District 7................................ 1 (9 (0 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9District 8................................ 1 3 4.7 48.0 39.3 81.9 .322 15.46 12.68

Total................................... 27 290 5.5 48.7 43.7 89.7 .276 13.44 12.06FEMALES

Branders, markers, stampers, stencilers, and taggers:

District 1................................ 4 61 5.7 50.4 43.7 86.7 .343 17.29 14.96District 2_............................. 9 28 4.5 48.0 36.3 75.6 .305 14.64 11.08District 3............................... 10 33 5.6 49.3 41.7 84.6 .303 14.94 12.61District 4............................... 4 13 5.5 47.4 46.3 97.7 .257 12.18 11.88District 5............................... 7 14 5.7 48.7 39.5 81.1 .251 12.22 9.93District 7............................... 1 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9 (9District 8............................... 4 4 5.8 47.0 45.0 95.7 .326 15.32 14.66Total................................... 39 154 5.4 49.2 41.9 85.2 .311 15.30 13.01

* Data included in total.148227°—38------ 9




MISCELLANEOUS EMPLOYEES—ALL DEPARTMENTS—Continued


ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked In one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percent


worked

Average

earningsper

hour


week

Aver age

amount actually

earned in one week

females—continuedScalers and weighers:

District 1......................... ...... 5 10 5.7 47.348.0

46.5 98.3 $0,380.354

$17.9716.99

$17.6616.21District 2_________________ 6 14 5.7 45.8 95.4

District 3_________________ 9 27 5.60)5.96 .0

0)

48.2 42.8 88.8 .326 15.71 13.96District 4___-_____________ 1 0)

13 0)48.852.50)

0)44.5

0)91.2

0 ).307

0)14.98

0)13.65District 5___________________ 6

District 6_____________ _____ 2 4 34.10)

65.0 .284 14.91 9.69District 8_________________ 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0)

Total___________________ 30 70 5.7 48.3 43.8 90.7 .333 16.08 14.61MALES

All occupations:District 1............................ . 11 450

6185.85.65.7 5.55.85.9 5.8

49.148.349.147.451.4 53.0 53.9

51.148.447.146.550.351.655.3 50.0

104.1 .446 21.90 22.80District 2,.............................. 17 100.2 .412 19.90 19.94District 3_________________ 17 804 95.9 .391 19.20 18.44District 4................................ 7 95

258*98.1 .394 18.68 18.31

District 5_________________ 138

97.9 .382.463

19.63 19.20District 6_________________ 63 97.4 24.54 23.91District 7_________________ 4 29 102.6 .369 19.89 20.39District 8_________________ 9 91 5.8 48.1 104.0 .488 23.47 24.43

Total___________________ 86 2,408 5.7 49.2 48.8 99.2 .412 20.27 20.11

FEMALES

All occupations:District 1_________________ 6 71 5.7 50.0 44.0 88.0 .348 17.40 15.34District 2_________________ 11 42 4.9 48.0 39.5 82.3 .324 15.55 12.79District 3_________________ 14 60 5.6 48.8 42.2 86.5 .313 15.27 13.22District 4_________________ 4 14 5.6 47.1 46.5 98.7 .258 12.15 11.98District 5................................ 9 27 5.8 48.8 41.9 85.9 .280 13.66 11.72District 6_________________ 2 4 6.0 52.5

0)46.434.10)45.0

65.0 .284 14.91 9.69District 7_________________ 1 0)

50)5.8

0)97.0

0).317

0)14.71

0)14.26District 8_________________ 4

Total___________________ 51 224 5.5 48.9 42.5 86.9 .318 15.55 13.51MALES AND FEMALES

All occupations:District 1— _______________ U 521 5.8 49.2 50.2 102.0 .434 21.35 21.79District 2_________________ 17 660 5.6 48.2 47.8 99.2 .407 19.62 19.49District 3_________________ 17 864 5.7 49.0 46.8 95.5 .386 18.91 18.08District 4 ________________ 7 109 5.5 47.4 46.5 98.1 .376 17.82 17.50District 5___________________ 13 285 5.8 51.1 49.5 96.9 .373 19.06 18.49District 6_________________ 8 67 5.9 52.9 50.5 95.5 .456 24.12 23.06District 7_________________ 4 30 5.8 53.7 55.3 103.0 .364 19.55 20.13District 8_________________ 9 96 5.8 48.0 49.8 103.8 .480 23.04 23.90

Total_____ 86 2,632 5.7 49.1 48.3 98.4 .405 19.89 19.55




ALL DEPARTMENTS



ments


Average

days on

which wage earners

worked in one week


week

Average

hours actually

worked in one week

Percentof


worked

1

Average

earningsper

hour

1


week

Average

amount actually

earned in one week

MALES

All occupations:$23.73District 1................................ 11 9,497 5.7 49.0 48.1 98.2 $0,494 $24.21

District 2............................... 17 11,843 5.4 48.2 44.3 91.9 .458 22.08 20.29District 3................................ 17 12,738 5.6 49.2 46.2 93.9 .459 22.58 21.18District 4................................ 7 2,140 5.1 47.4 42.0 8 8.6 .435 20.62 18.23District 5................................ 13 4,082 5.5 51.5 44.6 86 .6 .450 23.18 20.05District 6 .............................. 9 2,545 5.6 52.5 45.8 87.2 .521 27.35 23.86District 7—............................ 6 694 5.5 54.2 50.6 93.4 .440 23.85 22.25District 8— ....................... - ............ 10 1,984 5.7 48.2 49.2 102.1 .505 24.34 24.85

Total................................... 90 45,523 5.5 49.2 45.9 93.3 .470 23.12 21.57FEMALES

All occupations:District 1............................... 7 1,820 5.5 49.1 43.7 89.0 .367 18.02 16.05District 2............................... 17 1,959 5.3 48.1 41.2 85.7 .320 15.39 13.18District 3............................ . 17 2,096 5.5 49.3 43.0 87.2 .302 14.89 12.97District 4............................... 7 339 6.1 47.6 40.2 84.5 .270 12.85 10.88District 5................................ 13 921 5.5 49.6 40.5 81.7 .285 14.14 11.51District 6................................ 7 376 5.7 50.8 42.2 83.1 .322 16.36 13.59District 7................................ 4 137 5.6 49.1 48.8 99.4 .268 13.16 13.07District 8................................ 10 384 5.6 47.6 43.4 91.2 .356 16.95 15.47

Total................................. . 82 8,032 5.4 48.9 42.4 86.7 .321 15.70 13.61MALES AND FEMALES

All occupations:District 1—............................ 11 11,317 6.7 49.0 47.4 96.7 .475 23.28 22.50District 2................................ 17 13.802 5.4 48.2 43.9 91.1 .440 21.21 19.28District 3............................... 17 14,834 5.6 49.3 45.7 92.7 .438 21.59 20.02District 4................................ 7 2,479 5.1 47.4 41.7 88.0 .413 19.58 17.23District 5............................... 13 5,003 5.5 51.1 43.8 85.7 .422 21.56 18.48District 6 .............................. 9 2,921 5.6 52.3 45.4 86.8 .497 25.99 22.54District 7............................... 6 831 5.5 53.4 50.3 94.2 .412 22.00 20.73District 8............................... 10 2,368 5.7 48.1 48.3 100.4 .483 23.23 23.33

Total................................... 90 53,555 5.5 49.2 45.4 92.3 .449 22.09 20.38


T a b l e B .—Average and classified earnings per hour in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district(District 1, Chicago. District 2, Kansas City, Omaha, St. Joseph, St. Louis, and East St. Louis. District 3, Austin(Minn.), Cedar Rapids, Des Moines, Mason City, Milwaukee.

Ottumwa, Sioux City, Sioux Falls, South St. Paul, Topeka, Waterloo, and Wichita. District 4, Dallas, Fort worth, Houston, ana Oklahoma City. District 5, Buffalo, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Detroit, Indianapolis, Pittsburgh, and Wheeling. District 6, Boston, New Haven, New York, Philadelphia, and Springfield (Mass.). District 7, Baltimore, Jacksonville, and Moultrie. District 8, Denver, Los Angeles, Portland, San Francisco, Seattle, and Tacoma]

CATTLE-KILLING DEPARTM ENT

Occupation, sex, and district

Number of establish

ments

Numberof

wageearners

Average

earningsper

hour

Number of wage earners whose earnings per hour were—

Under15

cents

15and

undercents

20

20and

under25

cents

25and

under30

cents

30and

under35

cents

35and

under40

cents

40and

under45

cents

45and

under50

cents

50and

under55

cents

55and

under60

cents

60and

under65

cents

65and

under70

cents

70and

under75

cents

75and

under80

cents

80and

under85

cents

85and

under90

cents

90and

under95

cents

95centsand

under$1

$1and

under$1.25

$1.25and

under$1.50

$1.50and

under$1.75

MALES

Headers: District 1 6

141268328

17262188528

$0,595.565.578.504.661.841.504.653

1 118553

102512

219

211

12■District 2 1 1

District 3 11District 4 1

fi 22

1T>i<5trirt fi 2 1T>i<rtrirt 7 1 1District 8--------- 3 2 1 1 1

Total............... 59 95 .592 3 3 35 21 18 5 1 4 3 1 1

Leg breakers:7

141469337

24383012161049

.508

.478

.493

.446

.503

.921

.502

.544

17443

9221652

1165 26 1 2 2

211

1District 2 1 i

1District 3 112

2District 4"District fi 1 2District fi 2

11

1 4 2T)i^tript 7 1District 8 3 3

Total............... 63 143 .512 1 4 19 57 35 5 8 1 2 4 1 4 2

Floormen or siders:District 1...........District 2

71516 6

46724418

.852

.761

.793

.752

22372

1910214

18 71 38

117

District 3 13

41District 4............ i

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


Total-

droppers: District 1_

District 6-

Total--Splitters:

District 1_ District 2. District 3. District 4. District 5_

Total-Laborers:1

District 1. District 2. District 3-

District 7.

Total.

10 21 .741 1 1 4 3 2 3 4 1 1 1........... 3 13 1.238 1 1 1 10........... 4 6 .674 1 1 1 2 11........... 9 14 .765 4 5 2 i 270 234 .800 1 1 1 7 12 65 39 60 24 8 3 2 10 1

bung........... 7 21 .552 1 2 9 5 3 1........... 14 33 .489 6 16 6 4 1i........... 14 21 .517 1 13 3 1 2 1t........... 6 12 .453 1 3 7 1........... 8 11 .507 1 1 3 4 2........... 3 5 .751 1 2 2........... 3 4 .455 1 1 1 1;........... 7 7 .538 1 2 4

62 114 .517 3 13 43 26 14 7 2 3 1 2

L............ 6 18 .825 1 3 0 5 31______ 15 41 .764 1 257

6 5 41______ 16 25 .746 1 3 11 3

2g 4

I______ 7 11 .699 2 1 4 17 8 .815 1 2 1 2 i 11\______ 3 6 1.345 5

r______ 4 5 .515 1 1 1 2J______ 8 9 .826 3 2 1 1 266 123 .780 1 2 4 3 6 6 38 16 18 16 3 3 5 2

L______ 7 105 .436 9 61 22 8 4 114 186 .402 2 3 116 46 U 2 1 4 1\........... 14 130 .401 1 7 60 43 12 5 2k........... 6 49 .358 28 12 5 4>______ 8 49 .375 5 1 10 12 12 8 1

\______ 3 30 .608 3 3 3 6 8 4 2 ir______ 6 20 .284 8 2 1 3 5 1\........... 9 34 .419 6 6 8 10 3 1

67 603 .408 8 7 4 55 218 183 71 18 10 10 9 6 3 i

1 Includes floor cleaners, mark heads, spread cattle, tie guts, laundrymen, taggers, etc.

t oCO

WAGES

AND HOXTRS

OF LABOR,

1931


T a b l e B.—Average and classified earnings per hour in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex% and district— ContinuedHOG-KILLING DEPARTMENT


Number of establish

ments

Numberof

wageearners

Average

earningsper

hour


Under15

cents

15and

under20

cents

20and

under25

cents

25and

under30

cents

30and

under35

cents

35and

under40

cents

40and

under45

cents

45and

under50

cents

50and

under55

cents

55and

under60

cents

60and

under65

cents

65and

under70

cents

70and

under75

cents

75and

under80

cents

80and

under85

cents

85and

under90

cents

90and

under95

cents

95centsand

under$1

$1and

under$1.25

$1.25and

under$1.50

$1.50and

under$1.75

males—continued Laborers: 2

Diqfrint. 1 717172

12627

85156305

391408

14

$0,418.416.388.355.390.409.337.430

16

271

26

2582

1382

271314

383377

131935

575

121

242

TiiQ+ripf. 2 119

2THctrirt 3 1T>ictriot 4“nictrirt R 13

2016

18512

72fi

Di^tript 7 3 2District 8_______ 1 1

Total............... 70 702 .400 1 23 63 292 18 8 93 27 5 8 2Stickers:

Tiictript 1 617174

125 1 4

818234

166

« «

.626

.577

.559

.456

.545

.591(9.548

545

3Di^tript 2 1

431

55

75

1TOQtript 3 1

12

2 1-HictriPt ADtetrint 5 3

251

32

09l

11

1Di^trirt fiDtetriot 7District 8_______ 1 1 1

Total............... 66 80 .565 4 10 16 19 21 7 2 1

Shavers and scrapers:

District 1 717174

125 26

61139235

5143311417

.505

.484

.464

.461

.486

.478

.501

.534

11532

433551

22322

2852784

191132

201235

61021

18

10

121District 2 1

23 2 1

Dict.rirt 3 1District 4■District R 1 1 10

1202

341152

13238

1311

6 3 1District 6District 7■District 8 1 2

Total............... 70 645 .480 2 1 14 71 122 197 119 63 34 12 6 3 1

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


Gutters, bung droppers, and rippers- open:

District 1........... 7 33 .538 2 5 12 9 2 3District 2______ 16 58 .521 1 6 19 17

166 5 2 1 1

District 3______ 17 89 .520 1 10 27 23 10 2District 4______ 3 4 .481 2 1 1District 5______ 13 43 .523 8

. . . . . .

512 7 6

22 1 1

District 6______ 5 28 .542 2 7 10 1 1District 7______ 3 4 .595 1 1 1District 8. ......... 6 8 .551 3 1 1 1 2

Total............... 70 267 .527 1 1 31 65 66 58 27 13 2 3Splitters:

District 1........... 7 28 .622 7 12 8 1District 2........... 17 45 .562 3 4 8 20 6 1 2 1District 3__....... 16 59 .571 1 3 6 7 16 17 6 3District 4______ 3 3 .543 1 2District 5........... 12 30 .581 2 11 4 7 3 1 1 1District 6........... 5 9 .599 2 2 3 2District 7__....... 2 3 .643 2 1District 8______ 5 5 .628 1 1 3

Total............... 67 182 .583 3 6 11 29 51 48 23 8 1 1 1

OFFAL (OTHER THAN HIDES AND CASINGS) DEPARTM ENTMALES

Trimmers:District 1........... 7

17 176

128 3 6

871701792984351417

$0,504.474.448.442.475.620.351.466

2785469

14315

22364788325

205

283

175

858

6551

1121

1 122

1 1District 2_______ 19

238

25

131District 3_______ 3 4 12

District 4.............District 5__........ 3 1

111

210

25

11District 6_______ 2 1 2

District 7............. 4 1 2 1 11District 8 . . ........ 5

Total...............Tripe scrapers and

finishers:District 1........ —

76 615 .474 4 4 6 16 77 190 131 83 25 31 13 12 3 1 2 16 1

6141248334

38 7339 10 14437

.492

.449

.488

.399

.436

.600

.493

.472

15 8 86

16451015

6126

545 1

737

322

District 2_______ 2District 3_______ 1District 4............District 5_______ 2

11

District 6_______ 2 1District 7_______ 1 1

21

District 8_______ 3 2Total............... 54 188 .469 29 80 30 17 19 9 2 1 1

* Includes drivers, penners, steamers, singers, washers, aitchbone breakers, and toe pullers. * Data included in total. I—*

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


T a b l e B .—Average and classified earnings per hour in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district— ContinuedOFFAL (OTHER THAN HIDES AND CASINGS) DEPARTMENT-Continued


Number of establish

ments

Numberof

wageearners

Average

earningsper

hour


Under15

cents

15and

under20

cents

20and

under25

cents

25and

under30

cents

30and

under35

cents

35and

under40

cents

40and

under45

cents

45and

under50

cents

50and

under55

cents

55and

under60

cents

60and

under65

cents

65and

under70

cents

70and

under75

cents

75 and

under 80

! cents

80and

under85

cents

85and

under90

cents

90and

under95

cents

95centsand

under$1

$1and

under$1.25

$1.25and

under$1.50

$1.50and

under$1.75

FEMALES

Trimmers:District 1.......... 5

993811

5341486

23(3)(3)

$0.331 .295 .318 .276 .292

51710

37221735

919

21District 2

District 3 834

2 2District 4 ___District 5 10

(3)2 1 1

District 6District 7 (3)

Total............... 36 173 .313 15 43 85 21 4 3 2Miscellaneous work

ers:4 District 1 4

75 5 1

17362218 3

.344

.341

.237

.283

.325

113114

103

514

12

1i

District 2_ 2 2 •District 3 11

5ii-------

District 5 52

41District 7...........

Total............... 22 96 .308 16 29 20 24 3 2 2 !ii

CASING DEPARTMENT

MALES

Casing pullers or runners:

District 1...........District 2...........District 3...........District 4...........District 5_____District 6__.......

109177216268856

$0,483.462.484.463.435.537

19 58 18 12 21 13 58 65 28 11 1

18 64 49 50 18 171 2 10 5 6 1 1

7 15 18 36 6 3 1 1 11 6 18 6 6 2 2 5 6 3 1

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


District 7...........District8...........

Total..............Strippers:

District 1...........District 2...........District 3...........District 4...........District 5...........District 6 ..........District 7...........District 8...........

Total............. .Trimmers of casings:

District 1...........District 2...........District 3...........District 4...........District 5...........District 6...........District 7...........District 8...........

Total............. .FEMALES

Blowers, graders, and inspectors:

District 1...........District 2...........District 3...........District 4...........District 5...........District 6...........District 8...........

Total............. .

76

I

714

377473132417 2

18

258

8166145(*>32184

38 347

.415

.520

.476

.440

.432

.411

.399

.421

.462

.362

.483

.429

.463

.447

.477

.415

.489

.554

.514

.460

.378

.309

.294(8).272.335.401

.318

28

(»)

30

18 116 127

15

54

45

181

2740403 94 1 4

128

62

20

241

58

81

20

20

119

19

54

131

25

* Data included in total.* Includes laborers, rippers-open of paunches and pecks, washers and pickers of trimmings and fat; tripe washers, scalders, cookers, scrapers, and finishers; and finishers of

pigs’ feet.

COCO

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


T a b l e B.— Average and classified earnings per hour in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district—ContinuedCUTTING— FRESH-BEEF DEPARTMENT


Number of establish

ments

Numberof

wageearners

Average

earningsper

hour


Under15

cents

15and

under20

cents

20and

under25

cents

25and

under30

cents

30and

under35

cents

35and

under40

cents

40and

under45

cents

45and

under50

cents

50and

under55

cents

55and

under60

cents

60and

under65

cents

65and

under70

cents

70and

under75

cents

75and

under80

cents

80and

under85

cents

85and

under90

cents

90and

under95

cents

95centsand

under$1

$1and

under$1.25

$1.25and

under$1.50

$1.50and

under$1.75

MALESLaborers:

District 1 8161558327

3294223189049397

48

$0,435.402.399.373.391.444.402.424

1222

312381613925838

183128100139

123

27

82333254

131

11

28126

1 231

1District 2 1 5

14317

District 3 1 1District 4District 5 3

411District 6 1

District 7District 8______ 2

Total 1,302 • 411 1 1 7 57 513 475 181 55 ___2 8 ___ 1 ___1Boners:

District 1 . . . . . . . 61516 6 8 3 3 6

8597

13145369

1747

.779

.651

.613

.700

.545

.622

.506

.535

1111

11544

3 12 174 7 2 1

10

10152295271

1269141

108

1425

7656 2 1

614105

56 6

6151

874

1332

3District 2 4

125 1 134

131678

District 3__ 2 1District 4District 5District 6______District 7______District 8______

Total . . . . . .

231

319 4 5 1 1 1

63 467 .629 4 19 30 66 56 71 37 44 28 37 18 13 19 2 19 4

CUTTING—FRESH-PORK DEPARTM ENT

MALES

Ham boners: District 1... District 2__. District 3—. District 4... District 5... District 6. . .

813174126

$0,634.601.585.596.612.590

13611

3 5

1 1

4 5 11 2 111

12 2

24

12

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


District 7 ...___District 8______

Total..............Trimmers and ham

and shoulder skinners:

District 1______District 2______District 3______District 4______District 5______District 6______District 7._____District 8______

Total..............FEMALES


District 1______District 2...........District 3______District 4______District 5______District 6______District 7______District 8__

T ota l...

009 10

19.495.643

2 13

43

312 2 2 2 2 2 _____

___ 73 369 __j.602 ......... ......... ......... 2 4 J __ 14___ 43___ 58___ 87___ 46___ 34_ __ 41____ 7_ ___ 9_ 5 5 2 6 _____ _____

6 148 .515 18 29 68 26 6 117 193 .481 1 5 47 84 34 18 2 1 116 373 .504 1 1 11 26 75 85 69 51 43 6 3 1 14 19 .484 1 4 2 6 2 1 1 1 17 67 .469 8 16 16 21 4

. .1

3 26 .484 1 1 4 9 5 63 27 .509 1 4 1 3 3 3 6 3 36 16 .558 1 1 8 2 1 1 2___ 62_ 869 .499 ......... ___ 1____ J____ 1_ __ 18___ 46_ 166 240 204 113 55 12 1 1 _____ 1 1 3 3 2 _____

5 158 .433 2 22 40 48 28 6 2 1 2 3 2 1 114 320 .340 1 12 50 149 59 19 14 7 7 1 115 440 .336 7 35 112 120 83 52 21 6 3 12 6 .387 3 1 1 18 198 .321 1 14 64 27 26 16 12 12"

. . . . . .8 3 3 32 23 .477 1 7 2 5 1 2 3 1 1

2 26 .273 4 13 8 14 24 .423 1 2 7 8 2 3 1

52 1,195 .352 1 22 115 206 337 207 142 82 32 24 6 9 7 3 1 1

SAUSAGE DEPARTMENT

MALES

Machine tenders:5District 1_____District 2_____District 3........ .District 4_____District 5_____District 6_____District 7_____District 8_____

Total_____ _ 78

$0,475.478.452.392.609.582.545.492.476 27 119 101 49 42 18

* Includes cutters, choppers, grinders, mixers, curers, feeders, spicers, and rockers. COOx

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


T ab le B.—Average and classified earnings per hour in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district— Continued

SAUSAGE DEPARTMENT-ContinuedCO05


Number of establish

ments

Numberof

wageearners

Average

earningsper

hour


Under15

15and

under20cents

20and

under25

cents

25and

under30

cents

30and

under35

cents

35and

under40

cents

40and

under45

cents

45and

under50

cents

50and

under55

cents

55and

under60

cents

60and

under65

cents

65and

under70

cents

70and

under75

cents

75and

under80

cents

80and

under85

cents

85and

underoncents

90and

under95

cents

95centsand

under$1

$1and

under$1.25

$1.25and

under$1.50

$1.50and

under$1.75

males—continuedStaffers:

District 1...........District 2...........District 3_____District 4..........District 5..........District 6..........District 7..........District 8...........

Total.............FEMALES


District 1...........District 2 ..........District 3..........District 4______District 5_____District 6...........District 7...........District 8...........

Total............. .

$0,566.509.490.500.512.558.451.548

78 391 .522 12 43 76 98 44

16624228461

141774881

.347

.297

.310

.296

.334

.275

.346

536

12031521386

79 1,100 .327 61 271 249 122 17


MALESPackers:8

District 1__ 6 181 $0,448.416

5 1District 2........... 37 297 1 10 73 1,District 3 . . ........ 17 327 .427 2 8 69 l:

1

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


District 4........... 612627

4065464

35

.379

.421

.455

.347

.474

851

19242

1014201

13

39

1718

District 5______ 1 86

4District 6______District 7______ 1 ......... 1District 8........... 2 6 2 3 1

Total............... 73 995 .428 1 5 32 194 438 232 67 17 7 2Picklers:7

District 1______ 917177

1374

10

991371492346287

26

.470

.442

.453

.405

.438

.482

.489

.454

121199

11

3868509

115

3737474

101417

131

24854

11

1District 2______ 2

112

1District 3______ 2

13

District 4...........District 5........... 9

824

21District 6...........

District 7........... 1 15

2District 8........... 6 2 2

Total........ ...... 84 515 .452 7 67 187 157 61 22 5 4 3 1 1

CANNING DEPARTMENT

FEMALESPackers (sliced ba

con, and chipped dried beef in cans, jars^or cartons, by

District 1______ 7131779436

30231429011984701790

$0,385.315.295.261.272.301.236.392

586

130745441114

10113869111317 1

18

875223

521517

3036

22 5District 2_______ 1 9

11043341311

District 3_______ 1District 4______District 5______ 2

111 1

District 6_______District 7__........ 1 3D istrict8 ......... 46 10 2 5 4 I

Total...............Labelers and wrap

pers:District 1...........

66 1.286 .325 2 13 102 405 368 221 95 42 28 9 1

4665 73

6018216

525

.366

.361

.262

.266

.253

.289

64

133

124

24621

121

1221

62

82

42District 2...........

District3______ 52

27District 4______District 5______ 1District 6.............

Total............... 30 162 .309 34 42 46 15 9 10 6

• Includes packers of beef, barrel pork, bellies, briskets, pig rinds, and smoked meats; dippers, vat men; sweet-pickle packers; burlap sackers; wrappers; nailers; car loaders, and I—4 car stowers. CO

7 Includes pickle men, pickle makers, pumpers, and curers. «<I

WAGES

AND HOURS

OP LABOR,

1931



T a b l e C .—Average and classified full-time hours per week in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district

District 1, Chicago. District 2, Kansas City. Omaha, St. Joseph, St. Louis, and East St. Louis. District 3, Austin (Minn.), Cedar Rapids, Des Moines,_Mason City, Milwaukee, Ottumwa, Sioux City, Sioux Falls, South St. Paul, Topeka, Waterloo, and Wichita. District 4, Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston, and Oklahoma City. District 5, Buffalo, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Detroit, Indianapolis, Pittsburgh, and Wheeling. District 6, Boston, New Haven, New York, Philadelphia, and Springfield (Mass.). District 7, Baltimore, Jacksonville, and Moultrie. District 8, Denver, Los Angeles, Portland, San Francisco, Seattle, and Tacoma]



Number of establish

ments


Average full

time hours per

week

Number of wage earners whose full-time hours per week were—

Under44

44 45 48 49* 50

Over50

andunder

54

54 55

Over55

andunder

60

60

MALES

Headers:District 1................... 6

141268328

17262188528

49.248.2 49.147.851.951.6 55.047.6

1 102517622

3 3 14

District 2___________District 3___________District 4___________ 1

1 ’ T----- 1

District 5__ . _______ 1 1 2District 6___________ 3District 7_____. . . ___ 2District 8..................... 1 7

Total....................... 59 95 49.1 3 2 69 ----- 4 1 11 2 1 2

Leg breakers:District 1______ . ___ 7

141469337

24383012161049

48.748.049.147.350.349.252.048.0

1 1 163825778

----- 3 3District 2___________District 3___________ 4 . . . . 1 . . . .District 4___________ 3

1 ” 2_. . . . 2

District 5 , . ________ 3 1 2District 6__________ 2

2District 7___________ 2District 8___________ 9

Total....................... 63 143 48.7 5 3 110 ----- 7 3 11 ----- 2 2

Floormen or siders:District 1 . . ............... 7

1516 6

1034 9

467244182113 6

14

48.748.249.047.751.2 49.453.748.0

3 3 297037127

10

___ 3 827

District 2___________District 3 .__________District 4___________ 3

1 ” 3’----- 3

District 5__________ 5 1 4District 6___________ 3

3District 7___________ 1 2District 8..................... 14

Total....................... 70 234 48.9 7 6 179 ----- 7 5 23 2 1 4

Gutters and bung droppers:

District 1...................

%

7 14 1468 3 3 7

2133211211547

49.148.0 48.648.053.150.452.5 48.0

1 1 123319933

. . . . 3 4District 2___________District 3___________ 2District 4..................... 1

" T----- 2

District 5__________ 1 1 4District 6___________ 2District 7..................... 2 2District 8___. . . _____ 7

Total_______ _____ 62 114 49.1 2 3 86 ----- 7 1 8 2 1 4

Splitters:District 1_________ 6

1516 77348

184125118669

49.348.149.047.8 50.551.053.8 47.7

1 ----- 114021933

. . . . 2 414

District 2___________District 3___________District 4___________ 1

" 2----- 1

District 5__________ 1 1 1District 6___________ 3

1District 7___________ 1 3District 8___________ 1 8

Total....................... 66 123 48.9 2 3 95 ----- 4 1 13 3 1 1


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 139Table C .—Average and classified full-time hours per week in SO specified occupa

tions, 1981, by department, sex, and district— ContinuedCATTLE-KILLING DEPARTMENT—Continued


Number of establish

ments


Average full

time hours per

week


Under44

44 45 48 49* 50Over

50and

under54

54 55OVer

55and

under60

m ales—continued

Laborers:1District 1..............District 2..............District 3..............District 4___ ____District 5________District 6__..........District 7..............District 8..............

Total..................

1051861304949302034

49.548.049.0 47.4 51.3 49.255.0 47.7

11 21

31

1110

67 603 49.0 ......... 16 13 463 - 17 10HOG-KILLING DEPARTMENT

Laborers: * District 1. District 2_ District 3. District 4. District 5_ District 6- District7. District 8-

Total.Stickers:

District 1_ District 2_ District 3- District 4_ District 5_. District 6_. District 7.. District 8..

Total.Shavers and scrapers:

District 1..............District 2________District 3________District 4________District 5________District 6________District 7..............District 8— . . . __

Total-Gutters, bung droppers,

and rippers-open:District 1____ _____District 2...................District 3__________District 4..................District 5...................District 6..................District 7..................District 8..................

Total.

7 85 50.7 6 49 12 1817 156 48.3 147 917 305 48.6 277 27 12 3 46.0 2 1

12 91 51.4 8 1 41 2 9 12 186 40 55.7 "28" 1 112 8 54.3 6 ” 2’7 14 47.8 1 13

70 702 49.6 16 2 527 3 9 82 14 19 30

6 8 48.3 2 5 117 18 48.3 17 117 23 49.7* 17 5 14 4 48.0 4

12 16 51.7 1 6 1 4 1 35 6 56.0 "*4~ 21 (’)

48.0(*)4 4

66 80 50.0 3 53 1 4 11 1 2 5

7 61 49.2 7 41 7 617 139 48.4 129 1017 235

549.1 191 1 42 1

4 46.4 2 312 143 52.4 4 57 10 17 21 345 31 55.9 ’ 2l ’ 102 14 54.2 11 36 17 48.0 17

70 645 50.1 13 438 11 17 91 24 7 44

7 33 50.4 2 19 8 416 58 48.2 56 217 89 49.0 75 13. 13 4 47.0 1 3

13 43 52.3 1. . . .

16 3 8 4 105 28 55.9 ”l9" 93 4 54.5 2 26 8 48.0 8

70 267 50.3 4 1 177 3 8 44 6 5 19

1 Includes floor cleaners, mark heads, spread cattle, tie guts, laundrymen, taggers, etc.* Includes drivers, penners, steamers, singers, washers, aitchbone breakers, and toe pullers. 1 Data included in total.



T able C.—Average and classified full-time hours per week in SO specified occupations, 1931, by department, sex, and district—Continued

H OG -KILU NG DEPARTMENT-Oontinued


Number of establish

ments


Average full

time hours

per week


Under44

44 45 48 49| 50Over

50and

under54

54 55Over

55and

under60

60

males—continued

Splitters:District 1_____ . ___ 7

17163

12525

2845593

30935

5a 1 48.549.148.051.255.354.348.0

2 1742483

16

62

113 . . . .

District 2...................District 3__________District 4 . . ._______District 5_____ -__ 1 ----- . . . . 2 3

■ y2

3 52District 6__________

District 7__________ 1District 8____ _____ 5

Total...................... 67 182 49.8 3 . . . . 131 . . . . 2 3 28 4 3 8


MALES

Trimmers:District 1................... 7

17 17

6128 3 6

871701792984351417

49.748.249.047.552.552.654.748.0

2 65165150243911

115

289

District 2...................District 3 . . . . . . . . ___ . . . . 1 . . . .District 4................... 4

‘ T -----12District 5__ . . . . . ___ 8

'21*4

8 243District 6 . . . . . . . . ___

District 7................... 10District 8__ . . . ___ _ 17

Total____ . . . . . ___ 76 615 49.6 6 3 471 ----- 3 8 69 18 10 27Tripe scrapers and finish

ers:District 1__________ 6

141248334

38 7339 10 14437

50.348.0 48.946.450.549.553.047.6

237333683

. . . . 2 12 . . . . 1 . . . .District 2...................District 3................... 6District 4................... 4

" TDistrict 5__________ 1 3District 6______ -___ 1

1District 7................... 1 1District 8................... i 6

Total...................... 54 188 48.8 4 3 152 ----- 3 1 20 1 1 3FEMALES

Trimmers:District 1................... 5

993811

5341486

23

8

49.548.348.047.050.1

8

4 3339483

12

162District 2_____ _____

District 3 . . . . . . . . ___District 4 . . . . . . . . ___ 2 . . . . . . . . 1

1District 5 . . . . . ._____ 8(’)District 6 . . . . . . ________

District 7................... (3)Total....................... 36 173 48.8 6 1 136 1 2 27

Miscellaneous workers:4 District 1................... 4

75 5 1

17 36 2218 3

48.950.348.049.348.0

2 — 112222143

414District 2____ ______

District 3___ _______District 5__________ 4District 7...................

Total...................... 22 96 49.3 2 — 72 22

* Data included in total.* Includes laborers, rippers-open of paunches and pecks, washers and pickers of trimmings and fat; tripe

washers, scalders, cookers, scrapers, and finishers; and finishers of pigs’ feet.


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 141T a b l e C.—Average and classified full-time hours per week in SO specified occupa

tions, 1981, by department, sex, and district—ContinuedCASING DEPARTMENT


Number of establish

ments


Aver- • age full

time hours per

week


Under44

44 45 48 49* 50Over

50and

under54

54 55Over

55and

under60

60

HALES

Casing pullers or runners: District 1 ................. 8

17167

11737

1091772162688561824

49.348.3 49.047.551.553.654.747.8

6 1 76167181184915

231035

3

5 . . . . -------- 32District 5.............. . 10

§6"6

10 1611

District 7__________ 122 22

T otal---_________ 76 714 49.6 11 4 528 -------- 5 10 104 22 3 27

Strippers:6

15165

106 3 8

5573891029163

14

49.748.248.7 46.450.2 52.9 53.0 47.6

11 3 -------- 3770786

195

113

11-------- 4 --------

4 . . . .4 2 4

291District 7__________ 1 1

2 12

Total...................... 69 289 49.1 7 2 227 -------- 5 2 35 1 4

Trimmers of casings: District 1................... 7

15 154 95 28

377473132417 2

18

49.148.2 48.647.4 52.950.854.547.8

6 1 207266116

11

827

-------- 2 --------District 2...................District 3 . . . . . . . . ___District 4 - -________ 2

1--------

District 5__________ ~ ~ 3 7 72District 6__________ 4

1District 7 __ . . . ____ 1District 8 . . . . . . . . . . — 1 17

Total...................... 65 258 49.0 9 2 203 -------- 3 7 22 1 2 9FEMALES

Blowers, graders, and inspectors:

District 1 . . . . . . _____ 4131115 2 2

8166

145<8)

32184

49.148.0 48.82 .948.0 47.3

4 6066

1260)22183

17District 2__________District 3__________ 19District 4 - .________District 5____ ______ 10District 6__________District 8 . . . . . . . . _____ 1

Total...................... 38 347 48.7 4 1 296 46


MALES

Laborers:District 1 . . . . . . . . ___ 8

161558327

3294223189049397

48

48.6 48.0 48.8 47.551.249.7 53.448.2

37 2 230421274752928

5 551

44District 2...................District 3 . . . . ______District 4__ . . . _____ 12 . . . . 3District 5 - ._______ 9

"n62

3 8District 6___ . . . . ___District 7 . . . . . ______ 1District 8 - . . . . . . . . . - - 46

Total____________ 64 1,302 48.5 49 2 1,103 . . . . 9 9 119 3 8

* Data included in total.148227°—33------10



T a b l e C .— A verage and classified fu ll-tim e hours per w eek in SO specified occu pations, 1981, by department, sex, and district—Continued


Sex, occupation, and oistrict

Number of establish

ments


Average full

time hours

per week


Under44

44 45 48 49} 50

Over50

a n du n d er

5454 55

Over55

a n dunder

6060

m a l e s —co n t in u e d

Boners:District 1................... 6

1516 6 8 3 3 6

8507

13145369

1747

48.748.149.8 47.653.1 51.352.2 48.1

5 5 56969538154

5 141

36District 2__ . . . _____District 3__ ________District 4................... 5

~~2. . . . 2

District 5................... 4 . . . .71

2 13District 6__________District 7................... 8 2District 8-_________ 46

Total____________ 63 467 49.2 10 7 350 ----- 15 4 64 4 13


MALES

Ham boners:District 1................... 8

13174

1263

10

8063 95 12 2664 10 19

50.348.6 49.146.351.754.754.3 48.0

2 1 5057787

11

196

178

District 2__________District 3__________District 4 . . ._______ 5

1District 5 . . . _______ . . . . 1 7‘ 57"

71

1 57District 6 . .________

District 7................... 3District 8__________ 2 16

Total....................... 73 369 50.4 8 3 219 ----- 1 7 107 4 8 12Trimmers, and ham and

shoulder skinners: District 1................... 6

171647336

1481933731967262716

48.848.149.245.951.6 54.054.348.6

6 . . . . 120190296

936

193

77. . . . 3

District 2...................District 3 . . ._______District 4 . . ._______ 10 -----District 5 . . ._______ 11

‘ 26'183

9 11District 6.... ..............District 7................... 9District 8................... 3 10

Total____ ________ 62 869 49.3 16 3 661 11 146 18 3 11FEMALES


District 1______ ____ 51415 2 8 2 2 4

158320440

619823 2624

48.9 48.049.347.349.351.948.3 47.8

13 , 113 320 346

5 129

8 25 22

32District 2_____ _____District 3................... 94District 4__________ 1 --------District 5................... 31 5 33

15District 6___________District 7__________ 1District 8__________ 2

Total....................... 52 1,195 48.9 14 2 968 31 5 174 1


WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, 1931 143T a b l e C .—Average and classified full-time hours per week in 80 specified occupa

tions, 1981, by department, sex, and district—ContinuedSAUSAGE DEPARTMENT


Number of establish

ments

Number of wage- earn- ers

Average full

time hours per

week

Number of wage-earners whose full-time hours per week were—

Under44

44 45 48 49 H 50

Over50

andunder

54

54 55Over

55and

under60

60

MALES

Machine tenders: •7

16177

1353

10

6789973244191024

49.1 48.3 48.947.2 51.6 54.054.349.3

2 6 4285822119

174

15District 2 . . . . . . .___District 4 . . . . . . _____ 8

3 2~----- 3

1District 5 . . . . _______ 6' l ¥

75

2 11District 6___ __ ____District 7__________ 3District 8..................... 19

Total....................... 78 382 49.4 13 8 268 ----- 4 6 67 5 11

Staffers:District 1................... 7

16176

1264

10

7492831940481223

48.5 48.1 49.747.649.354.654.448.5

2 5 5790601720

102

22District 2___ _______District 3__________ 1District 4 - . . . . . - . ___ 2

4 “TDistrict 5 . . ._. _____ ----- 1 8’ 43*

72

2 25District 6 . . . . . . _____

District 7 . . . . . . _____ 5District 8 . . . . . . . . ___ 21

Total________ ____ 78 391 49.6 8 8 265 ---- 1 8 86 7 8

FEMALES


District 1_. . . . . . . . . . 715177

1364

10

16624228461

141774881

49.348.349.4 47.949.2 50.849.3 47.6

7 10 1022292164064373373

471368

District 2 . . . . . . . . . . . .District 3 . . . . . . . . . . . .District 4__ ________ 8

7 " 2 26*1321District 5 . . . . . . . . . ._ 21

12District 6__________ 28District 7___________ 6 6 3District 8 . . . . . ______ 8

Total__ _______ __ 79 1,100 49.0 30 18 794 26 34 28 161 6 3


MALESPackers: •

District 1................... 617176

12627

1812973274065464

35

48.7 48.2 49.148.052.854.1 55.047.9

1 1582862684027

221159

District 2__ ________District 3...................District 4...................District 6 ._________ 1 1 ---- 2 9

’ 45'5 20

1District 6...................District 7................... 4D istrict8...________ 1 34

T ota l..._________ 73 995 49.2 2 2 813 2 9 137 9 21Picklers:7

District 1___________ 917177

1374

10

991371492346287

26

49.248.5 49.148.3 50.754.6 53.9 48.0

3 2 761251211927

121227

---- 6 . . . .District 2. . . . . . . . . . . .District 3__ . . . _____

. . . .141

District 4 . . . . . . . . . . . .District 5___________ 1 1 6

"25’3

4 63District 6. . . . . . . . . . . .

District 7................... 11

3District 8___________ 1 24

Total____________ 84 515 49.4 4 4 392 8 6 79 7 6 9

• Includes cutters, choppers, grinders, mixers, curers, feeders, spicers, and rockers.• Includes packers of beef, barrel pork, bellies, briskets, pig rinds, and smoked meats; dippers; vatmen;

sweet-pickle packers; burlap sackers; wrappers; nailers; car loaders, and car stowers.7 Includes pickle men, pickle makers, pumpers, and curers.



T a b l e C .—Average and classified full-time hours per week in SO specified occupations, 1931, by department, sex, and district—Continued

CANNING DEPARTMENT


Number of establish

ments

Number of wage- earn- ers

Average full

time hours per

week

Number of wage-earners whose full-time hours per week were—

Under44

44 45 48 49^ 50Over

50and

under54

54 55Over

55and

under60

60

FEMALESPackers (sliced bacon

and chipped dried beef in cans, glass jars, or cartons, by hand):

District 1___________ 7131779436

30231429011984701790

48.948.050.0 47.550.4 50.349.5 47.7

4 18 2253141928125401285

55District 2...................District 3__________ 98District 4___ _______ 28

2 ‘ i f1014District 5___________ 26

11District 6___________ 19District 7___________ 1 4District 8___ _______ 5 . . . .

Total____________ 66 1.286 48.9 5 4 49 974 17 24 19 190 4 ----------- . . . .

Labelers and wrappers: District 1_.________ 4

56 5 7 3

6018216

525

47.848.050.348.0 48.650.4

25 2518136

383

10District 2__________District 3 --________ 8District 4...... ......... .District 5 ................ 2 11 1

2District 6 ______ . . . . ......... . . . .

Total____________ 30 162 48.5 25 103 2 11 21


T able D .—Average and classified hours actually worked in one week in SO specified occupations, 1931, by department, sex, and district[District 1, Chicago. District 2, Kansas City, Omaha, St. Joseph, St. Louis, and East St. Louis. District 3, Austin (Minn.), Cedar Rapids, Des Moines, Mason City,_Milwaukee,

Ottumwa, Sioux City, Sioux Falls, Soutn St. Paul, Topeka, Waterloo, and Wichita. District 4, Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston, and Oklahoma City. District 5, Buffalo, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Detroit, Indianapolis, Pittsburgh, and Wheeling. District 6, Boston, New Haven, New York, Philadelphia, and Springfield (Mass.). District 7, Baltimore, Jacksonville, and Moultrie. District 8, Denver, Los Angeles, Portland, San Francisco, Seattle, and TacomaJ


Number of establish

ments


Average

hours actually worked in one week

Number of wage earners who during one week worked

Sex, occupation, and district Under 8 hours

8and

under12

hours

12and

under16

hours

16 i and

under 20

hours

20and

under24

hours

24and

under28

hours

28and

under32

hours

32and

under36

hours

36and

under40

hours

40and

under44

hours

44and

under48

hours

48and

under52

hours

52and

under56

hours

56and

under60

hours

60and |

under 64

hours

64 I and under

68 hours

68and

under72

hours

72hoursandover

MALESHeaders:

District 1—....................................... 6 17 50.9 3 1 3 8 2District 2.......................................... 14 26 40.4 2 1 4 14 5District 3—............................... ........ 12 21 I 41.5 1 2 3 6 5 I 2 1District 4__....................................... 6 1| 40.3 1 7District 5.......................................... 8 34.9 1 2 1 2 1 1District 0.......................................... 3 5 27.3 1 1 2 1District 7________ _____ _________ 2 2 44.9 1 1District 8.......................................... 8 8 45.9 1 1 2 2 2

Total.............................................. 59 95 41.9 1 1 1 3 7 ‘ 2 11 29 15 8 12 4 1Leg breakers:

District 1.......................................... 7 24 50.4 4 1 1 3 14 xDistrict 2..... .......................... ......... 14 38 39.0 2 1 2 1 1 4 20 7District 3__...................................... 14 30 45.1 2 4 7 10 1 3 2 1District 4.......................................... 6 12 37.4 1 2 1 6 1 1District 5................................ ......... 9 16 29.2 1 1 3 1 2 1 2 1 1 3District 6........................................... 3 10 25.1 1 1 5 2 1District 7.......................................... 3 4 49.2 1 1 1 XDistrict 8.......................................... 7 9 46.3 1 1 3 2 1 1

Total.............................................. 63 143 40.7 2 4 3 3 9 8 6 14 37 25 7 18 3 2 2=

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


Table D .—Average and classified hours actually worked in one week in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district— Contd.CATTLE-KILLING DEPARTMENT—Continued

L Number of wage earners

Average


Number of wage earners who during one week worked—

Sex, occupation, and districtin umber of establish

mentsUnder 8 hours

8and

under12

hours

12and

under16

hours

16and

under20

hours

20and

under24

hours

24and

under28

hours

28and

under32

hours

32and

under36

hours

36and

under40

hours

40and

under44

hours

44and

under48

hours

48and

under52

hours

52and

under56

hours

56and

under60

hours

60and

under64

hours

64and

under68

hours

68and

under72

hours

72hoursandover

m a l e s — c o n t in u e d

Floor m e n or siders:7

1516 6

1034 9

467244182113 6

14

45.9 39.542.139.935.2 27.853.050.1

12

1 22.1

11

11145

23612121

312922

326

22District 2 1 2

1District 3 1 4 3 2District 4_ 4District 5 1 3 3 1

96 3

126

2’D istrin t fi 3District 7 4

5District 8_______________________ 1 1 1

Total_________________________ 70 234 41.2 3 1 1 4 6 15 8 6 35 64 29 23 34 3 2

Gutters and bung droppers: District 1 7

14 1468 3 3 7

2133211211547

47.739.7 44.540.828.435.5 41.745.9

1 45 2

11969

2571

2 9 1 19 1 2

21

District 3 1 2 1District 4 1

121

113 1 2 1

111

2District ft 2District 7 1 1

2District 8_______________________ 1 1 1 1Total...........- ................................. 62 114 41.4 1 1 3 1 2 8 6 14 38 16 5 13 3 2 1

Splitters: District 1 6

1516 77348

184125118659

48.840.5 42.738.935.5 27.249.150.2

fi3311

31181

141

9District 2 2 1 1

11

19662

District 3 1 1 3 1District. 4 2District fi 2 1

31 1

District fi 31District. 7 1

323

11District 8_______________________ 1 1

Total.............................................. 66 123 42.1 1 2 3 1 4 7 2 13 34 24 11 14 fi 2

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


Laborers:1 District 1.. District 2_„ District 3— District 4__ District 5__ District 6__ District 7._ District 8._

Total___

1051861304949302034

67 603 42.3

49.140.643.441.230.2 31.048.651.5

12 31 27 22 65 140 77 62 80 28 17

HOG-KILLING DEPARTM ENT

MALESLaborers:1

District 1_______________________ 7 85 50.8 1 1 1 1 1 26 19 18 7 3 2 2 1District 2_________________________ 17 156 42.9 3 1 3 2 2 2 2 11 19 29 20 45 6 2 3 5 3District 3_________________________ 17 305 43.6 9 7 7 2 1 16 16 6 79 44 43 36 27 8 1 3District 4_________________________ 2 3 48.7 1 1 1District 5_________________________ 12 91 41.3 2 14 6 13 12 4 9 10 9 4 4 3 1District 6________________ !________ 6 40 53.7 1 1 1 7 2 6 6 4 1 1 10District 7_________________________ 2 8 49.0 1 1 4 1 1District 8..................................... ......... 7 14 47.7 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 1

Total.............................................. 70 702 44.8 13 8 4 11 4 19 25 43 39 123 109 125 80 45 20 14 16 4Stickers:

District 1 ______________________ 6 8 47.1 1 1 1 2 1 2District 2_________________________ 17 18 44 6 1 1 6 5 4 1District 3_________________________ 17 23 46.4 1 1 1 4 4 6 1 4 1District 4_________________________ 4 4 41.0 1 2 1District 5_________________________ 12 16 40.0 1 3 1 2 1 3 1 2 1 1District 6_________________________ 5 6 50.3 1 1 1 1 2District 7_________________________ 1 (»)

4(3)44.3

(8)1District 8.............. ........................... 4 1 1 1

Total______________ ___________ 66 80 44.8 1 1 1 4 2 3 5 15 15 16 4 8 2 3Shavers and scrapers:

District 1____________ _____ _____ 7 61 46.1 1 2 1 2 1 8 21 16 3 3 3District 2_________________________ 17 139 42.0 1 4 2 6 2 4 18 31 30 29 9 2 1District 3_________________________ 17 235 44.4 4 3 3 17 3 4 78 42 30 26 20 3 2District 4.............................................. 4 5 47.7 2 1 1 1District 5__ _______________________ 12 143 37.8 1 4 4 21 18 22 16 10 7 23 7 7 3District 6_____________ ___________ 5 31 47.7 2 1 14 3 3 5 3District 7_________________________ 2 14 52.1 1 1 6 3 1 1 1District 8_________________________ 6 17 48.7 1 2 5 2 3 4

Total.............................................. 70 645 43.1 2 9 6 5 10 28 40 29 39 146 110 107 51 34 14 12 3AO 1

1 Includes floor cleaners, mark heads, spread cattle, tie guts, laundrymen, taggers, etc.* Includes drivers, penners, steamers, singers, washers, aitchbone breakers, and toe pullers.


WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


T ab le D .—Average and classified hours actually worked in one week in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district— Contd#HOG-KILLING DEPARTMENT—Continued 00


Number of establish

ments


Average



Under 8 hours

8and

under12

hours

12and

under16

hours

16and

under20

hours

20and

under24

hours

24and

under28

hours

28and

under32

hours

32and

under36

hours

36and

under40

hours

40and

under44

hours

44and

under48

hours

48and

under52

hours

52and

under56

hours

56and

under60

hours

60and

under64

hours

64and

under68

hours

68and

under72

hours

72hoursandover

males—continuedGutters, bung droppers, and rippers-

open:District 1________________________ 7

16173

135 36

3368894

432848

48.142.847.245.942.248.839.347.9

261

51727129

128

192332

9191715

229

3District 2_______________________ 1 2 3

1District 3_______________________ 1 1 11 2District 4________________________District 5_______________________ 1

17 5

122

6 53

3 22

27District 6_______________________

District 7_______________________ 1 11District 8 _____________________ 1 1 2 2 1

Total.............................................. 70 267 45.6 1 1 1 4 7 8 8 16 63 49 53 21 16 7 10 2Splitters:

District 1_______________________ 717163

12525

2845593

30935

47.646.547.745.5 41.150.5 58.944.5

1 11

3 12 19124

8118151

7111215

359

317

11

1District 2........................................... 3District 3_______________________ 1 1 2District 4_______________________District 5_______________________ 2 3 6 2 2

11

1 21District 6_______________________ 2

1District 7_________ ______________ 11District 8____________________ __ 1 1 1 1

Total.............................................. 67 182 46.5 1 4 4 7 1 5 42 35 37 21 14 5 5 1

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G



MALESTrimmers:

District 1........................................... 7 87 50.7 1 1 2 4 16 28 225

5 6 1 1District 2........................................... 17 170 40.8 2 3 3 2 1 3 9 26 71 26 16 2 1District 3________________________ 17 179 46.4 2 1 1 1 11 3 8 39 31 30 211 24 5 1 1District 4________________________ 6 29 43.3 1 1 3 7 12 4District 5______ ______ ____ __ __ 12 84 37.8 1 7 1 U 4 11 9 18 4 11

31 4 1 1

District 6.................................. ........ 8 35 36.7 1 7 10 1 1 8 1 3District 7........................................... 3 14 44.0 2 1 1 2 2 3 3District 8............ ................... .......... 6 17 45.2 1 2 1 2 3 2 3 3

Total___________ _____ ________ 76 615 43.5 4 2 4 11 6 21 32 27 50 151 93 96 56 41 12 5 3 1Tripe scrapers and finishers:

District 1........................................... 6 38 50.3 1 1 4 1 9 2 13 2 5i

District 2......... ........... ..................... 14 73 42.7 1 2 1 1 10 27 20 2 8 1District 3......................................... . 12 39 44.9 1 1 3 4 13 5 2 1 5 3 1District 4....................................... . 4 10 40.4 1 3 5 1District 5________________ _______ 8 14 29.5 3 2 3 1 2 2 1District 6............................. ............ 3 4 40.3 1 2 1District 7........................................... 3 3 47.7 1 1 1District 8________________________ 4 7 46.0 3 1 1 2

Total.............................................. 54 188 43.7 1 6 3 5 9 3 26 48 35 9 23 7 9 2 2FEMALES

Trimmers:District 1____________ _______ ___ 5 53 44.6 2 8 5 33 5District 2......................................... 9 41 39.3 1 1 1 1 1 11 7 15 3District 3__________ __________ 9 48 44.5 1 2 4 3 9 6 13 6 2 2District 4.............. ....................... . 3 6 39.9 2 3 1District 5________________________ 8 23 31.4 1 1 8 3 3 3 3 1District 6________________________ 1 (3) (8) (8)District 7.............. ............................ 1 (8) (8) (8)

Total.............................................. 36 173 41.4 1 3 3 2 9 7 10 22 28 56 22 6 2 2Miscellaneous workers: *

District 1________________________ 4 17 44.7 1 4 6 5 1District 2______________ _________ 7 36 36.7 3 1 6 13 4 8 1District 3_______________________ 5 22 36.1 2 3 1 8 3 2 3District 5________________________ 5 18 35.5 1 3 3 4 2 1 2 2District 7........................................... 1 3 51.1 3

Total___ _____ ________________ 22 96 38.2 5 4 1 3 4 11 15 17 19 11 5 1

* Data included in total. h-a4 Includes laborers, rippers-open of paunches and pecks, washers and pickers of trimmings and fat; tripe washers, scalders, cookers, scrapers, and finishers; and finishers ^

of pigs* feet. CO

WAGES

AND HOURS

OP LABOR,

1931


T a b l e D.—Average and classified hours actually worked in one week in SO specified occupations, 19S1, by department, sex, and district—Contd.CASING DEPARTMENT

Number of establish

ments


Aver Number of wage earners who during one week worked—


age hours

actually worked in one week

Under 8 hours

8and

under12

hours

12and

under16

hours

16and

under20

hours

20and

under24

hours

24and

under28

hours

28and

under32

hours

32and

under36

hours

36and

under40

hours

40and

under44

hours

44and

under48

hours

48and

under52

hours

52and

under56

hours

56and

under60

hours

60and

under64

hours

64and

under68

hours

68and

under72

hours

72hoursandover


District 1 8 109 47.2 1 1 1 1 1 4 8 11 15 38 21 4 3District 2 17 177 42.5 1 1 2 2 3 1 23 77 31 21 13 2District 3 16 216 47.4 1 1 1 2 1 11 63 37 29 34 26 6 4District 4 7 26 40.1 1 1 6 2 6 7 3District 5 11 88 37.8 1 5 2 19 7 7 9 10 5 5 8 9 1District 6 7 56 43.7 1 12 4 2 10 8 5 3 1 5 4 1District 7 3 18 49.1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 3District 8 7 24 47.0 1 3 1 3 4 3 3 3 2 1

Total .. ____ 76 714 44.5 2 3 5 9 5 33 23 22 56 180 109 105 83 46 14 11 4 4Strippers:

District 1 6 55 48.9 2 6 5 8 15 12 6 1District 2 15

167389

42.3 2 1 1 2 1 4 8 19 17 6 8 1 3District 3 ______________________ 47.5 1 1 3 2 29 14 12 17 3 2 3 1 1D is tr ic t 4 5 10

2916

41.0 4 3 3District 5 10

639.3 2 1 3 1 1 7 2 2 6 2 2

District 6 48.3 1 1 1 1 5 3 1 1 1 1District 7 3

83 49.6 1 1 1

District 8 14 51.5 4 4 4 2

Total.............................................. 69 289 45.7 4 1 1 4 5 6 1 ® 27 59 54 46 43 13 8 4 2 3Trimmers of casings:

District 1 7 37 46.4 1 1 2 7 1 6 11 5 2 1District 2 15

1574 42.9 1 1 1 1 6 35 18 5 5 1

District 3 73 47.8 1 2 2 1 20 13 9 8 9 4 3 1District 4 4 13 40.7 1 1 2 6 2 1District 5 9

524 42.6 2 1 1 3 5 6 1 4 1

District 0 17 38.1 1 7 4 1 1 1 1 1District 7 2 2 64.0 1 1District 8 8 18 48.9 2 1 1 7 6 1

T ota l............................................. 65 258 44.9 1 1 1 3 6 13 8 19 69 47 34 29 14 4 5 2 2

SLAtJGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


FEMALES 1Blowers, graders, and inspectors:

District 1___. . . . . . . . . . __ ___ ___ 4 81 45.1 1 11

1 5 5 43 15 10District 2 ........... ............ ................ 13 66 44.3 1 1 1 5 21 11 22 1 2 1District 3____________ ___ _______ 11 145 47.1 2 1 1 1 3 27 32 50 25 1 2District 4_______________________ 1 032

(3)38.7 09lDistrict 5 _ ________ _________ 5 1 1 1 14 2 12

District 6_______________________ 2 18 40.3 2 1 1 3 11District 8_______________________ 2 4 47.3 1 3

Total................... , ... ....... ........... 38 347 44.9 1 2 5 4 1 2 1 3 28 58 110 90 36 3 3

CUTTING —FRESH-BEEF DEPARTM ENT

MALESLaborers:

District 1________________________ 8 329 52.1 1 4 2 5 2 2 2 4 14 33 58 97 50 37 8 4 6District 2________________________ 16 422 44.1 3 4 11 5 5 11 6 28 78 111 111 32 9 6 2District 3 ______________________ 15 318 45.4 4 2 5 3 1 2 22 23 64 58 55 45 12 11 7 2 2District 4_______________________ 5 90 38.5 5 4 4 1 1 3 9 29 20 8 5 1District 5_______ __________________ 8 49 44.3 1 2 1 2 8 5 4 3 3 11 3 4 1 1District 6_________________________ 3 39 50.1 1 1 2 11 6 14 3 1District 7_______„_______________ 2 7 58.9 1 1 4 1District 8_______________________ 7 48 51.1 1 2 3 5 16 10 7 3 1

Total.............................................. 64 1,302 46.6 14 14 9 23 9 11 14 43 71 194 242 257 214 86 66 20 6 9

Boners:District 1________________________ 6 85 25.9 4 9 32 5 8 3 2 5 6 3 2 5 1District 2_______________________ 15 97 40.9 1 1 - - 2 6 6 5 3 27 30 6 10District 3 _______________________ 16 131 45.5 2 1 3 1 13 6 26 30 12 28 3 4 1District 4_______________________ 6 45 34.9 2 5 1 10 8 2 3 12 1 1District 5_______________________ 8 36 45.4 4 2 3 2 15 4 3 1 1 1District 6_________________ ________ 3 9 45.6 1 1 2 3 1 1District 7______________________ 3 17 40.9 6 1 1 2 4 2 1District 8___________________ ___ 6 47 47.4 1 1 1 1 4 1 2 2 15 8 5 2 3 1

Total.............................................. 63 467 40.0 2 8 10 46 10 23 24 31 20 69 92 44 53 16 11 5 3


Or

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


T a b l e D .— Average and classified hours actually worked in one week in 80 specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district— C o n td . ^

CUTTING -FRESH -PORK DEPARTM ENT S



Number of establish

ments


age hours


Under 8 hours

8and

under12

hours

12and

under16

hours

16and

under20

hours

20and

under24

hours

24and

under28

hours

28and

under32

hours

32and

under36

hours

36and

under40

hours

40and

under44

hours

44and

under48

hours

48and

under52

hours

52and

under56

hours

56and

under60

hours

60and

under64

hours

64and

under68

hours

68and

under72

hours

72hoursandover

Ham boners: MALESDistrict 1_______ ____ _____ . ____ 8 80 44.9 1 1 1 4 5 5 8 32 15 1 5 1 1District 2. __ _ _ __ __ ____ 13 63 42.5

42.11 1 2 2 4 9 10 15 12 6 1

District 3___________________ ___ 17 951226

5 1 2 1 7 2 11 25 15 9 5 11 1District 4. - 4 35.3

44.61 4 2 1 4

District 5_________________ __ __ 12 2 3 5 2 1 6 5 2District 6 ___ _ ____ ___ _____ 63 64

1019

48.147.043.7

1 1 2 3 4 U 28 12 2District 7____________ __ ______ 1 1 3 2 3District 8........................................... 10 1 3 6 5 2 1 1

Total.............................................. 73 369 44.0 1 1 5 5 4 4 22 19 35 59 82 74 30 19 6 1 2

Trimmers and ham and shoulder skinners:

District 1........................................... 6 148 44.9 1 3 1 11 1 47 41 20 6 7 5 5District 2 ____ __ ___________ __ 17 193 41.3 2 2 3 4 1 3 2 13 13 83 29 24 7 2 4 1District 3______ ____ ______ ____ 16 373 44.3 2 7 4 3 2 2 10 21 46 63 59 70 60 11 7 3 3District 4______ _______________ 4 19 42.8 2 1 5 5 1 1 2 1 1District 5________ _____________ 7 67 42.8 2 2 22 8 5 6 5 9* 3 2 1 2District 6 ____ _____ __________ 3 26

2742.247.8

1 2 2 3 2 8 6 2District 7______________ _______ 3 2 1 1 3 2 4 9 1 3 1District 8........................................... 6 16 53.5 1 1 2 3 2 2 1 3 1

Total______ _______________ __ 62 869 43.8 4 10 9 14 7 6 17 68 78 210 149 130 95 28 22 12 9 1FEMALES


District 1______ 5 158 42.5 1 1 1 4 4 16 21 52 27 3 16 12District 2 14

15320440

38.043.9

4 7 104

7 12 13 12 34 15 113 40 48 5District 3________ __________ 3 10 8 3 9 12 20 78 35 58 77 100 21 2District 4«. 2 6 40.9 1 5District 5_ _ 8

2198 33.0

43.51 2 2 3 3 28 31 80 19 17 12

District 6_________ 23 1 2 4 16District 7__________ ________ 2 26 50.4 1 2 3 13 2 4 1District 8.............................................. 4 24 34.2 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 2 10 1

Total________________________ _ 52 1,195 40.2 11 20 17 20 20 55 63 151 137 230 166 142 123 37 3

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


SAUSAGE DEPARTMENT

MALES

Machine tenders: ‘District 1........................................... 7 67 46.7 1 3 2 17

18 19

151825

132021

139

16

1 1District 2__..................... ..................... 16 89 45.4 1 1 1 2 1110

4XQDistrict 3...... .............. .............. .......... 17

713

973244

46.849.150.2

1 201 2

1

District 5............................................... 122 3

12

75 1286

7133

10

1A 1District 6 . . ................... ...................... 5

310

191024

51.857.8 50.6

6 1%3

District 8 ............................................... 114 1 5

210

42

11

2

Total.............................................. 78 382 47.8 1 1 1 1 A 8 OA AO 77 85 73 120 15 4 3Staffers:

District 1........................................... 7 74 44.1 1 2 1 1 7 263012x

7 1224203g

141018

2

9District 2 .............................................. 16 92 45.3 1 1 2 2 36

3103

1013Q

XA 9District 3............................ ................. 17 83 46.1 1 1%1 1District 4.............................................. 6 19 46.0 X X

District 5........................................... 12 40 49.7 1 3 5 5 10g 61

ADistrict 6______ ___________________ 6 48 44.9 1 7 18 7 5 1X3District 7_____________ ____________ 4 12 52.4 1 2 gDistrict 8______ ___________________ 10 23 48.0 2 2 7 4 8

Total.............................................. 78 391 46.1 1 2 2 1 3 5 15 30 94 59 76 77 14 11 1FEMALES = =

Linkers, twisters, tiers, and hangers: District 1 ......................................... 7 166 44.2 1 2 1

21 13

6182968

417652

2545612718137

28 301919

1

0District 2_________________________ 15 242 42.9 1 3 1 83 52

36District 3__........................................... 17 284 40.8 6 5 3 2 1 5 235District 4 .. ........................................... 7 61 41.2 1 1 15

178g

114928

District 5__........................................... 13 141 44.4 1 9 28162538

18 1District 6_............................................. 6 77 41.6 1 1 3 7District 7............................................... 4 48 47.4 1 35

3 31District 8 ..................................... ........ 10 81 43.6 1 1 1 1 10 2 21

Total.............................................. 79 1,100 42.8 8 10 4 5 4 11 16 73 163 265 217 223 90 11

* Includes cutters, choppers, grinders, mixers, curers, feeders, spicers, and rockers.

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


T ab le D.— Average and classified hours actually worked in one week in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district— Contd.CURED-MEAT DEPARTM ENT

AverNumber of wage earners who during ene week worked—


Number of establish

ments


age hours


Under 8 hours

8and

under12

hours

12and

under16

hours

16and

under20

hours

20and

under24

hours

24and

under28

hours

28and

under32

hours

32and

under36

hours

36and

under40

hours

40and

under44

hours

44and

under48

hours

48and

under52

hours

52and

under56

hours

56and

under60

hours

60and

under64

hours

64and

under68

hours

68and

under72

hours

72hoursandover

MALESPackers: •

District 1_____ ______ ___ . _______ 6 181 49.9 3 2 2 7 8 22 49 66 17 1 1 1 2District 2............ .............................. 17 297 48.7 . 1 2 7 10 47 53 72 74 21 7 2 1District 3____. _________________ 17 327 47.1 1 1 4 3 7 11 15 53 54 84 62 24 8District 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 40

6541.647.6

1 3 3 2 1 12 8 9 1District 5_______________________ 12 2 4 6 8 8 9 2 4 9 5 7 1District 6____ _____ _ __________ 6 46 50.1 1 2 15 13 8 3 4District 7______ _________________ 2 4 53.5 1 1 2District 8____ _________________ 7 35 48.0 1 1 5 7 13 4 2 1 1

Total.............................................. 73 995 48.1 1 4 4 7 6 16 , 30 41 135 169 243 218 78 25 11 4 3

Picklers: 7District 1—_____ ________________ 9 99 51.0 1 1 2 5 20 18 37 7 3 1 2 2District 2......... ................................. 17 137 47.3 1 2 2 6 29 20 42 29 4 2District 3 . ______________ 177

149 48.043.6

1 1 2 15 20 26 36 35 7 6P i strict- A mmr , . ______ r.. 23 1 1 3 4 6 4 4District 5 ____ _______________ _ 13 46 45.6 3 1 4 8 4 U 3 1 4 6 1D istrict 6 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 287

49.853.3

1 2 1 1 9 10 4District 7 . . . . ____ _ . . . . . __ 4 1 2 2 2District 8_..________ _______ ___ 10 26 52.7 1 1 3 2 6 6 1 2 1 3

Total_____________ — ___ ___ 84 515 48.4 1 1 1 1 5 6 12 34 66 86 120 124 23 23 4 3 5

CANNING DEPARTMENT

FEMALES

Packers (sliced bacon, and chipped dried beef in cans, jars, or cartons, by hand):

District 1 . . ...................................... 7 302314

46.5 1 2 1 5 5 28 35 110 60 20 2 33District 2.......................................... 13 42.9 4 1 ii 3 2 7 7 31 33 60 62 14 54 1 24

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


District 3 .. District 4_. District 5__ District 6,_ District 7__ District 8...

TotaL.Labelers and wrappers:

District 1................. .District 2................. .District 3...................District 4__.............. .District 5_________ _District 6—.............. .

Total... 30

29011984701790

1,286

162

41.238.5 43.441.6 51.943.743.1

39.645.3 46.1 40.540.337.741.3

17 18

16

37 22 83 151

24

297

29

258 179 111 21 34 25 11

• Includes packers of beef, barrel pork, bellies, briskets, pig rinds, and smoked meats; dippers, vat men; sweet-pickle packers; burlap sackers; wrappers; nailers; car loaders, and car stowers.

’ Includes pickle men, pickle makers, pumpers, and curers.

O iCrt

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR.

1931


T a b l e E.— Average and classified actual earnings in one week in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district[District 1. Chicago. District 2, Kansas City, Omaha, St. Joseph, St. Louis, and East St. Louis. District 3, Austin (Minn.), Cedar Rapids, Des Moines, Mason City,

Milwaukee, Ottumwa, Sioux City, Sioux Falls, South St. Paul, Topeka, Waterloo, and Wichita. District 4, Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston,, and Oklahoma City. District 5, Buffalo, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Detroit, Indianapolis, Pittsburgh, and Wheeling. District 6, Boston, New Haven, New York, Philadelphia, and Springfield (Mass.). District 7, Baltimore, Jacksonville, and Moultrie. District 8, Denver, Los Angeles, Portland, San Francisco, Seattle, and Tacoma]

CATTLE-KILLING DEPARTM ENT

O io

N u m NumAverage ac

tual earn

ings in 1

week

Number of wage earners whose actual earnings in 1 week were—

Sex, occupation, and districtber of establish

ments

ber of wage earners

Under$4

$4and

under$6

$6and

under$8

$8and

under$10

$10and

under$12

$12and

under$14

$14and

under$16

$16and

under$20

$20and

under$25

$25and

under$30

$30and

under$35

$35and

under$40

$40and

under$45

$45and

under$50

$50and

under$60

HALESHeaders:

T)tatrfrt 1 6 17 $30.2722.8423.97 20.34 23.0922.97 22.65 30.00

4 1 10 1 1Tbicfrint 9 14

126

2621

885

1 1 3 15 4 21 5 7 4 3 1

T)ieMnt d 3 5Blcfrint K 83

1 1 3 1 2Ilicfrinf A 1 2 2Dicfnot *7 « 2

82 1 1

District 8 ......................................................- ........... 8 1 1 3 1 1 1

Total ................... 69 95 24.83 2 1 2 1 13 37 13 21 3 1 1

Leg breakers:7 24 25.61 2 6 14 1 1

TUstript 2 14146

38 18.62 2 2 2 1 18 11 1 130121610

4

22.25 1 1 11 7 8 216.68 1 3 6 2

9 14.6723.07

2 ] 3 1 1 3 3 2TlfQtrfAt A 33

1 6 324.69 1 1 2

District 8 ................................................................... 7 9 25.21 1 4 2 2

Total..................................................... 63 143 20.85 1 2 4 3 3 5 8 38 40 30 8 1

Floor men or siders: Dktript 1 7 46 39.13 1 2 2 12 1 11 17T)]qMAf O 16

16Q

7244

30.04 1 1 1 1 1 4 8 47 8Diefrfof 3 33.36 1 6 3 16 7 8 3Diotfipt 4 18 30.02 1 10 6 1District 5.................................................. 10 21 26.05 I 1 2 2 2 2 6 3 2

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


148227°—33---------11

District 6. District 7. District8.

Total,Gutters and bung droppeis:

District 1 - - .....................District 2__.....................District 3_____ ____ ____District 4__.....................District 5__.....................District 6.........................District 7 . . .....................District 8.........................

Total .Splitters:

District 1 - District 2_ District 3. District 4. District 5_ District 6_ District 7_ District 8.

Total.Laborers: i

District 1_ District 2. District 3_ District 4_ District 5_ District 6. District 7_ District 8_

Total-

70

62

66

67

234

114

123

1051861304949302034

603

34.4835.69

32.98

26.3219.4223.0418.5014.3626.6718.98216721.40

40.2430.95 31.90 27.2128.96 36.54 25.26 41.4932.85

21.3916.2917.4314.7411.3318.8213.8321.5617.24 10 12

13 26 99 34

114881

514431212

32 32 17 13

25104

. . . .

31

12 48 21

5"lO

74

104

19145

2461484

9140811

181

12

4417

393

15

213

101

. . . .

22

22 • 25 25 43 75 214 127 40

26

15

20

i Includes floor cleaners, mark heads, spread cattle, tie guts, laundrymen, taggers, etc.

Or

WAGES

AND HOTJBS

OF LABOR,

1931


T a b le £ .— Average and classified actual earnings in one week in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district— ContinuedHOG-KILLING DEPARTMENT <*>

861, occupation, and districtNumber oflish-

ments

Number of wage earn

ers

Average ac

tual earn

ings in 1

week


Under$4

$4and

under$6

andunder

$8

$8and

under$10

$10and

under$12

$12and

under$14

$14and

under$16

$16and

under$20

$20and

under$25

$25and

under$30and

under$35

$35and

under$40

$40and

under$45

$45and

under$50

$50and

under$60

MALESLaborers:3

District 1...................District 2...................District 3_____ _____District 4...................District 5...................District 6...................District 7...................District 8.................. .

Total.......................Stickers:

District 1.................. .District 2.................. .District 3__________District 4.................. .District 5.................. .District 6...................District 7.................. .District8.................. .

Total.......................Shavers and scrapers:

District 1............. .....District 2.................. .District 3.................. .District 4...................District 5.................. .District 6.................. .District 7...................District 8.................. .

Total.......................

85156305

391408

14

$21.2317.8416.9317.2916.0921.9616.4920.52

10

2759

1001

161214

70 702 17.90 20 21 63 94 148 61 17

0 .

29.4625.7225.9118.7021.8229.76024.25

66 80 25.31

7 61 23.2817 139 20.3217 235 20.604 5 22.01

12 143 18.375 31 22.782 14 26.096 17 26.00

15 15

30 17

70 645 2a 68 10 13 20 16 34 31 147 235 87 34 14


Guttep|bmig droppers, and rippers-open:District 2IIIIIIIIZIIZIIIZIIZZIIZIIZZ!District 3..............................................District 4..............................................District 5............. ..................... ..........District 6..............................................District 7..............................................District 8..............................................

T o ta l- ..............................................Splitters:

District 1..............................................District 2.......... ....................................District 3..............................................District 4..............................................District 5..............................................District 6..............................................District 7.............................. ...............District 8........ ........................... .........

Total..................................................

267

45

67 182 27.10

25.85 22.30 24.57 22.06 22.05 26.46 23.39 26.3824.03

29.6326.1627.2724.7223.8830.2537.8427.92

50

12

90 67

67


MALESTrimmers:

District 1.......................District 2.......................District 3.......................District 4.................. .District 5.......................District 6.......................District 7.......................District 8.......................

Total...........................Tripe scrapers and finishers:

District 1.......................District 2.......................District 3................ ......District 4.......................District 5........ ..............District 6.................. .District 7.......................District8.......................

Total...........................

7 87 $25.5919.34

1 6 44 22 10 1 2 117 170 2 6 2 3 3 8 94 31 6 14 117 179 20.80 2 2 6 4 9 10 51 48 35 11 16 29 19.13 1 5 11 11 1

12 84 17.98 2 4 8 8 6 4 23 13 8 88 35 22.77 1 14 13 3 2 1 13 14 15.46 1 4 2 1 1 3 1 16 17 21.05 1 1 3 8 4

76 615 20.61 5 3 16 19 16 18 30 203 171 80 44 4 4 1 1

6 38 24.73 1 1 4 16 10 614 73 19.14 1 2 6 40 16 6 212 39 21.88

16.131 1 3 3 13 5 6 4 2 1

4 10 1 5 3 18 14 12.85 2 5 2 1 2 1 13 4 24.17 2 23 3 23.50 1 1 14 7 21.72 1 2 2 1 1

54 188 20.48 1 5 7 3 5 18 62 44 25 13 4 1

* Includes drivers, penners, steamers, singers, washers, aitchbone breakers, and toe pullers. * Data included in total.

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


T a b l e £.—Average and classified actual earnings in one week in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district— ContinuedOFFAL (OTHER THAN HIDES AND CASINGS) DEPARTMENT-Continued o>o


ments


Average ac

tual earn

ings in 1

week


Under$4

$4and

under$6

$6and

under$8

$8and

under$10

$10and

under$12

$12and

under$14

$14and

under$16

$16and

under$20

$20and

under$25

$25and

under$30

$30and

under$35

$35and

under$40

$40and

under$45

$45and

under$50

$50and

under$60

FEMALESTrimmers:

District 1______ _ . _______________ 5993811

5341486

23

8

$14.77 11.60 14.17 11.00 9.16

8

3 12 1254

10171015

(*)

3056

1018

District 2 .. ................... 1 23

21

13District 3_................................................ 2 1 2

District 4___ _____ _ _______________District 5___________________________ 2 7 5District 6 .. . . . . __District 7.................................................. («)

Total___ ____________________ _ 36 173 12.97 1 7 10 9 36 44 41 20 2 1 2

Miscellaneous w o r k e r s :4District 1__ _______________________ . 4

75 5 1

17 36 2218 3

15.3712.508.54

10.0416.60

135

1595

22131

24

111District 2 .__________________________ 2

District 3 ___________________ _ 54District 5___________________________ 1 4 1

122District 7..................................................

Total..................................................... 22 96 11.77 9 1 4 9 20 27 8 16 2

CASING DEPARTMENT

MALES 5 or runners:

District 1 District 2.District 3.District 4 District 5.District 6.District 7.District 8.

Total.. 76

1091772162688661824

714

$22.8219.6522.9618.1616.4423.4920.3824.402L16 11 15 19 87 185 84 52 16

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


Strippers:District 1...............................District 2................................District 3....................... .........District 4........ ...... ............. ...District 5................................District 6—. ..........................District 7 . . .............. ..........District 8 . . ........... - ..............

Total....................................Trimmers of casings:

District 1...............................District 2.................................District 3.................................District 4............................... .District 5............................... .District 6 - . . .......................... .District 7............................... .District 8............................... .

Total........... ...................... .FEMALES

Blowers, graders, and inspectors:District 1.................................District 2.................................District 3.................................District 4.................................District 5............................... .District 6.................................District 8................................

Total............................ .......

258

8166145(*>32184

347

21.51 18.27 19.53 16.36 16.56 22.30 17.97 24.8519.58

21.5219.1722.8116.8920.87 21.0932.87 22.4921.04

17.0213.7013.860010.52

13.49 18.9714.27

(3)

24

12

81

20

10

96

97

67

105

84

25

12

feet.* Data induded in total.* Includes laborers, rippers-open of paunches and pecks, washers and pickers of trimmings and fat; tripe washers, scalders, cookers, scrapers, and finishers; and finishers of pigs’

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF liABOR,

1931


T a b l e E.—Average and classified actual earnings in one week in SO specified occupationst 1981, by department, sex, and district— ContinuedCUTTING—FRESH-BEEF DEPARTMENT

Number of establish

ments

Number ofwageearners

Average ac

tual earn

ings in 1

week


Sex, occupation, and district Under$4

$4and

under$6

$6and

under$8

$8and

under$10

$10and

under$12

$12and

under$14

$14and

under$16

$16and

under$20

$20and

under$25

$25and

under$30

$30and

under$35

$35and

under$40

$40and

under$45

$45and

under$50

$50and

under$60

Laborers: MALES8 329 $22.67

17.754 2 5 3 2 4 42 185 68 11 2 1

16 422 7 1 11 6 13 19 43 219 90 12 115 318 18.15 6 6 3 2 5 10 57 137 69 15 4 3 i5 90 14 37 9 3 2 16 22 30 8

District 5 g 49 17.33 1 2 1 5 8 4 13 10 4 1District 6 - - - _________________ 3 39 22.26 2 7 25 5District 7 _ _ 2 7 23.70 1 4 2District 8................................. ........ ........ 7 48 21.65 2 11 30 4 1

Total................................. ................... 64 1,302 19.15 27 14 21 12 25 53 135 459 421 110 18 5 2Boners:

District 1 __-_____ ______________ 6 85 20.20 2 2 8 10 12 4 15 9 5 8 6 1 3District 2 - - ________ 15 97 26.61 1 1 2 2 5 5 26 24 17 7 4 3District 3 _ _____ _____________ 16 131 27.86 1 2 2 4 10 31 32 28 10 7 3 1District 4 - ______ 6 45 24.46 1 1 3 2 2 1 9 11 13 2District 5 ............................. 8 36 24.70 3 1 7 7 9 8 1District 6 3 9 28.37 1 3 5District 7 _______ 3 17 20.67 6 1 1 1 1 6 1

6 47 25.36 1 1 2 1 3 1 11 13 11 1 1 1

T o ta l 63 467 25.13 3 6 13 13 14 24 15 48 96 100 85 25 13 7 5


Ham boners: nfatrir*. 1

MALES8 80 $28.48

25.541 1 1 9 9 18 31 6 4

District 2 _ _ _ 13 63 1 1 1 5 25 12 9 8 1District 3 _______________________ 17 95 24.61 2 3 2 1 5 3 16 20 17 12 5 4 5District 4 - - - ___ 4 12 21.04 8 1 2 1District 5 ....................... ........ 12 26 27.32 1 1 2 4 2 4 5 4 2 1District 6 ____ _ _ ____________ 6 64 28.43 1 1 2 10 22 25 1 2District 7 3 10 23.24 1 1 3 3 2District 8.................................................. 10 19 28.09 1 3 3 3 7 2

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . __-____ . . . . . . . 73 369 26.49 1 4 3 6 2 7 8 47 73 81 92 24 13 8= 1 = s s = \~===


Trimmers and ham and shoulder skinners: District 1___________________________ 6 148 23.09 1 3 2 5 27 68 27

228 7

District 2___________________________ 17 193 19.87 2 4 3 3 2 5 6 79 65 1 1District 3____ ____ _______________ 16 373 22.30 5 7 4 3 s 10 13

386 124

4564

412

9 6 1District 4.................................................. 4 19 20.74 2 4District 5___________________________ 7 67 20.06 2 4 16 15 14

99 5 9. 1

District 6.................................................. 3 26 20.42 2 1 1 1 5 7District 7.................................................. 3 27 24.32 1 2 2 2 5 6 4 5District 8_________ __________________ 6 16 29.89 1 3 1 5 1 2 1 2

Total..................................................... 62 869 21.84 8 13 10 13 11 24 45 221 290 136 62 25 7 3 1FEMALES


District 1................................................ . 5 158 18.40 1 2 1 9 21 2377

5640

3218

5 2 2 4District 2................................................. 14 320 12.92 14 11 13 34 35 78District 3.................................................. 15 440 14.76 13 11 20 33 59 70 62 100 55 15 2District 4.......................................... ...... 2 6 15.82 2 2 1 iDistrict 5................................................ 8 198 10.58 6 21 44 33 33 20 15 20 3 2 1District 6 ................................................ 2 23 20.77 1 1 6 2 7 2 4District 7................................ — ......... 2 26 13.78 1 5 9 8 2 1District 8....................- ............................ 4 24 14.46 3 1 2 2 2 10 4"

Total..................................................... 52 1,195 14.15 37 44 81 102 144 203 193 231I

121 24 9 2 41

SAUSAGE DEPARTMENT

MALES

Machine tenders:5District 1 ______________ _____ ___________ 7 67 $22.20 1 3 16 35 9 2 1District 2 __________ ____ ____________________ 16 89 21.70 1 1 1 2 7 24 33 9 9 1 1District 3 . .................. ................. ............................ 17 97 21.15 1 1 3 37 42 6 6 1District 4 _________ _______________ __________ 7 32 19.25 1 3 4 11 8 5District 5 ____________________ __________ ____ 13 44 25.57 5 4 15 5 11 3 1District 6 .............................................. .................... 5 19 30.17 3 8 5 2 1District 7 .................................................................. 3 10 31.51 2 1 5 1 1District 8.................................................. 10 24 24.87 1 5 4 10 4

Total..................................................... 78 382 22.77 1 1 1 2 7 23 99 140 53 42 9 3 1

• Includes cutters, choppers, grinders, mixers, curers, feeders, spicers, and rockers.

C&00

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


T a b l e £ • — Average and classified actual earnings in one week in SO specified occupations, 1981, by department, sex, and district— ContinuedSAUSAGE DEPARTMENT—Continued ^

Num NumAverage ac


Sex, occupation, and districtber ofestablish

ments

ber ofwageearn

ers

tual earnings in

1week

Under$4

$4and

under$6

$6and

under$8

$8and

under$10

$10and

under$12

$12and

under$14

$14and

under$16

$16and

under$20

$20and

under$25

$25and

under$30

$30and

under$35

$35and

under$40

$40and

under$45

$45and

under$50

$50and

under$60

males—continuedStaffers:

District 1 7 7492

$25.0023.04

1 1 1 2 5 25 25 10 4District 2 16

176

12

1 1 1 25 31 25 8"District s 83

1940

22.6022.99

1 1 2 17 38 24District 4 4 10 4 1District 5 25.46 2 4 14 9 10 1District fi 6 48 25.03

23.6626.32

1 3 23 16 2 3T)tatript 7 4 12

231 3 7 1

District 8.................................................. 10 1 1 9 8 2 2

Total 78 391 24.02 1 1 2 4 3 9 59 150 118 34 8 2

FEMALESLinkers, twisters, tiers, and hangers:*niQtrir>t 1 7 166

24228461

141774881

16.8214.8812.14 12.8013.15 13.92 13.06 15.10

X 1 12 7 20 29 49 44 3TliofnV* 9 15

1772 3 3 21 68 66 78 11

13 3 9 34 99 56 24 39 7niatriot 4L 1 2 10 16 7 6 19

fi 13Q

1 1 19 38 41 14 24 2 1THotlMAt fi 1 3 10 18 33 11 1THcti*fr>f 7 4 2 2 5 9 6 13 11District 8.................................................. 10 1 1 1 6 13 20 35 4

Total 79 1,100 14.00 18 11 15 87 206 229 195 266 69 4


Packers:® District 1. District 2. District 3. District 4_.

MALES

6 181 $22.36 2 2 1 1 1 26 no17176

297 20.23 1 2 6 24 117 117327 20.10 1 5 7 13 25 117 10940 15.79 1 4 1 4 7 19 4

1

SLAUGHTERING AND

MEAT PACKIN

G


District 5.................................................. 12627

65464

35

20.0622.7818.5622.72

1 1 6 8 5211

145

1628

5928

2District 6___ ____ ___________________District 7__ - ________________________ 1

1District 8___________________________ 7 16 2Total..................................................... 73 995 20.58 4 6 11 16 32 66 305 400 134 20 3

Picklers:7District 1________________ ______ ___ 9

17177

1374

10

991371492346287

26

23.9720.90 21.71 17.6519.98 24.04 26.0623.91

1 47

115 5

85140108115

5158635

1613

2613241482

11

625

2 1District 2____________ _____ _____ ____ 1 4 2 15 2 1

1District 3_______________ __ __ ______ .1 1 2District 4___________________________ 1District 5______ _____________________ 1 4

13231

District 6____________________________ 1District 7____ _______________________District 8___________________________ 1 8

Total..................................................... 84 515 21.89 1 1 2 1 6 15 33 124 214 89 22 5 1 1

CANNING DEPARTMENT

FEMALESPackers (sliced bacon and chipped dried

beef in cans, glass Jars, or cartons, by hand):

District 1_________ ____ _______ ______ 7131779436

30231429011984701790

$17.9013.4912.1610.0711.8012.5212.2617.12

110243

3 11 112574 2

4184634175 1 2

14647561221314

145568111422

- - - - - -

6066312

1616106

11757281671

49

73239

1521

1District 2____________________________ 8

184

District 3________________ ____ ______ 1District 4______ _______ ________ _____District 5____________________________ 1District 6___________________________ ---------District 7..................................................District 8___________________________ 1 5 6 1

Total_____________________________ 66 1,286 13.98 20 31 45 127 254 198 207 266 111 24 3Labelers and wrappers:

District 1__ ____ ____________________ 456 5 7 3

6018216

525

14.4816.3412.0910.7610.2010.88

1 5 6 21

10371

1129192

2062

88

71District 2___________________________

District 3____________________________District 4___________________________ 2

11District 5 _____ ____ _ _ _ ________ 11

8 6 101District 6___________________________

Total...................................................... 30 162 12.76 2 9 11 19 24 34 39 16 8

* Includes packers of beef; barrel pork, bellies, briskets, pig rinds, and smoked meats; dippers; vat men; sweet-pickle packers; burlap saokers; wrappers; nailers; ear loaders, and h* car stowers. O*

7 Includes pickle men, pickle makers, pumpers, and curers. cj*

WAGES

AND HOURS

OF LABOR,

1931


LIST OF BULLETINS OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICSThe following is a list of all bulletins of the Bureau of Labor Statistics published since

July, 1912, except that in the case of bulletins giving the results of periodic surveys of the bureau only the latest bulletin on any one subject is here listed.

A complete list of the reports and bulletins issued prior to July, 1912, as well as the bulletins published since that date, will be furnished on application. Bulletins marked thus (*) are out of print.

Conciliation and arbitration (including strikes and lockouts).*No. 124. Conciliation and arbitration in the building trades of Greater New York. [1913.]*No. 133. Report of the industrial council of the British Board of Trade on its inquiry into industrial

agreements. [1913.]No. 139. Michigan copper district strike. [1914.]

♦No. 144. Industrial court of the cloak, suit, and skirt industry of New York City. [1914.]*No. 145. Conciliation, arbitration, and sanitation in the dress and waist industry of New York City.

[1914.]♦No. 191. Collective bargaining in the anthracite-coal industry. [1916.1 ♦No. 198. Collective agreements in the men’s clothing industry. [1916.j No. 233. Operation of the industrial disputes investigation act of Canada. [1918.]No. 255. Joint industrial councils in Great Britain. [1919.]No. 283. History of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, 1917 to 1919.No. 287. National War Labor Board: History of its formation, activities, etc. [1921.]

•No. 303. Use of Federal power in settlement of railway labor disputes. [1922.]No. 322. Kansas Court of Industrial Relations. [1923.]No. 341. Trade agreement in the silk-ribbon industry of New York City. [1923.]No. 402. Collective bargaining by actors. [1926.]No. 468. Trade agreements, 1927.No. 481. Joint industrial control in the book and job printing industry. [1928.]

Cooperation.No. 313. Consumers’ cooperative societies in the United States in 1920.No. 314. Cooperative credit societies (credit unions) in America and in foreign countries. [1922.]No. 437. Cooperative movement in the United States in 1925 (other than agricultural).No. 531. Consumers’, credit, and productive-cooperative societies, 1929.

Employment and unemployment.♦No. 109. Statistics of unemployment and the work of employment offices in the United States. [1913.] ♦No. 172. Unemployment in New York City, N. Y. [1915.J♦No. 183. Regularity of employment in the women’s ready-to-wear garment industries. [1915.]♦No. 195. Unemployment in the United States. [1916.]♦No. 196. Proceedings of Employment Managers’ Conference, held in Minneapolis, Minn., January

19 and 20,1916.♦No. 202. Proceedings of the conference of Employment Managers’ Association of Boston, Mass.

held May 10,1916.No. 206. The British system of labor exchanges. [1916.]

♦No. 227. Proceedings of Employment Managers’ Conference, Philadelphia, Pa., April 2 and 3,1917. ♦No. 235. Employment system of the Lake Carriers’ Association. [1918.]♦No. 241. Public employment offices in the United States. [1918.]♦No. 247. Proceedings of Employment Managers’ Conference, Rochester, N. Y., May 9-11,1918. ♦No. 310. Industrial unemployment: A statistical study of its extent and causes. [1922.]No. 409. Unemployment in Columbus, Ohio, 1921 to 1925.No. 542. Report of the Advisory Committee on Employment Statistics. [1931.]No. 544. Unemployment-benefit plans in the United States and unemployment insurance In foreign

countries. [1931.]No. 553. Fluctuations in employment in Ohio, 1914 to 1929.No. 555. Social and economic character of unemployment in Philadelphia, April, 1930.No. 574. Technological changes and employment in the United States Postal Service. [1932.]

Foreign labor laws.♦No. 142. Administration of labor laws and factory inspection in certain European countries. [1914.] No. 494. Labor legislation of Uruguay. [1929.]No. 510. Labor legislation of Argentina. [1930.]No. 529. Workmen’s compensation legislation of the Latin American countries. [1930.]No. 549. Labor legislation of Venezuela. [1931.]No. 554. Labor legislation of Paraguay. [1931.]No. 559. Labor legislation of Ecuador. [1931.]No. 569. Labor legislation of Mexico. [1932.]

Housing.♦No. 158. Government aid to home owning and housing of working people in foreign countries. [1914. No. 263. Housing by employers in the United States. [1920.]No. 295. Building operations in representative cities, 1920.No. 545. Building permits in the principal cities of the United States in [1921 to] 1930.

Industrial accidents and hygiene.♦No. 104. Lead poisoning in potteries, tile works, and porcelain-enameled sanitary ware factories.

[1912.]No. 120. Hygiene of painters trade. [1913.]

*No. 127. Dangers to workers from dusts and fumes, and methods of protection. [1913.]*No. 141. Lead poisoning in the smelting and refining of lead. [1914. j ♦No. 157. Industrial accident statistics. [1915.]

(I)


*No. 165. Lead poisoning in the manufacture of storage batteries. [1914.]*No. 179. Industrial poisons used in the rubber industry. [1915.]No. 188. Report of British departmental committee on the danger in the use of lead in the painting of

buildings. [1916.]♦No. 201. Report of the committee on statistics and compensation insurance costs of the International

Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions. [1916.]No. 209. Hygiene of the printing trades. [1917.]

*No. 219. Industrial poisons used or produced in the manufacture of explosives. [1917.]No. 221. Hours, fatigue, and health in British munition factories. [1917.]No. 230. Industrial efficiency and fatigue in British munition factories. [1917.]

♦No. 231. Mortality from respiratory diseases in dusty trades (inorganic dusts). [1918.]♦No. 234. The safety movement in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1917.No. 236. Effects of the air hammer on the hands of stonecutters. [1918.]

♦No. 249. Industrial health and efficiency. Final report of British Health of Munitions Workers Committee. [1919.]

♦No. 251. Preventable death in the cotton-manufacturing industry. [1919.]No. 256. Accidents and accident prevention in machine building. [1919.]No. 267. Anthrax as an occupational disease. [1920.]No. 276. Standardization of industrial accident statistics. [1920.]

♦No. 280. Industrial poisoning in making coal-tar dyes and dye intermediates. [1921.]♦No. 291. Carbon monoxide poisoning. [1921.]No. 293. The problem of dust phthisis in the granite-stone industry. [1922.]No. 298. Causes and prevention of accidents in the iron and steel industry, 1910-1919.No. 306. Occupation hazards and diagnostic signs: A guide to impairments to be looked for in hazard

ous occupations. [1922.]No. 392. Survey of hygienic conditions in the printing trades. [1925.]No. 405. Phosphorus necrosis in the manufacture of fireworks and in the preparation of phosphorus.

[1926.]No. 427. Health survey of the printing trades, 1922 to 1925.No. 428. Proceedings of the Industrial Accident Prevention Conference, held at Washington, D. C.,

July 14-16,1926.No. 460. A new test for industrial lead poisoning. [1928.]No. 466. Settlement for accidents to American seamen. [1928.]No. 488. Deaths from lead poisoning, 1925-1927.No. 490. Statistics of industrial accidents in the United States to the end of 1927 No. 507. Causes of death, by occupation. [1930.]

Industrial relations and labor conditions.No. 237. Industrial unrest in Great Britain. [1917.]

♦No. 340. Chinese migrations, with special reference to labor conditions. [1923.]No. 349. Industrial relations in the West Coast lumber industry. [1923.]

♦No. 361. Labor relations in the Fairmont (W. Va.) bituminous-coal field. [1924.]No. 380. Postwar labor conditions in Germany. [1925.]No. 383. Works council movement in Germany. [1925.]No. 384. Labor conditions in the shoe industry in Massachusetts, 1920-1924.No. 399. Labor relations in the lace and lace-curtain industries in the United States. [1925.]No. 534. Labor conditions in the Territory of Hawaii, 1929-1930.

Labor laws of the United States (including decisions of courts relating to labor)No. 211. Labor laws and their administration in the Pacific States. [1917.]No. 229. Wage payment legislation in the United States. [1917.]No. 285. Minimum wage laws of the United States: Construction and operation. [1921.]No. 321. Labor laws that have been declared unconstitutional. [1922.]No. 343. Laws providing for bureaus of labor statistics, etc. [1923.]No. 370. Labor laws of the United States with decisions of courts relating thereto. [1925.]No. 408. Laws relating to payment of wages. [1926.]No. 548. Decisions of courts and opinions affecting labor, 1929-1930.No. 552. Labor legislation, 1930.

Proceedings of annual conventions of the Association of Governmental Officials in Industry of the United States and Canada. (Name changed in 1928 from Association of Governmental Labor Officials of the United States and Canada.)

♦No. 266. Seventh, Seattle, Wash., July 12-15, 1920.No. 307. Eighth, New Orleans, La., May 2-6,1921.

♦No. 323. Ninth, Harrisburg, Pa., May 22-26, 1922.♦No. 352. Tenth, Richmond, Va., May 1-4, 1923.♦No. 389. Eleventh, Chicago, 111., May 19-23, 1924.♦No. 411. Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 13-15,1925.♦No. 429. Thirteenth, Columbus, Ohio, June 7-10, 1926.♦No. 455. Fourteenth, Paterson, N. J., May 31 to June 3,1927.♦No. 480. Fifteenth, New Orleans, La., May 21-24,1928.No. 508. Sixteenth, Toronto, Canada, June 4r-7,1929.No. 530. Seventeenth, Louisville, Ky., May 20-23,1930.No. 563. Eighteenth, Boston, Mass., May 18-22,1931.

Proceedings of annual meetings of the International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions.

No. 210. Third, Columbus, Ohio, April 25-28,1916.No. 248. Fourth, Boston, Mass., August 21-25,1917.No. 264. Fifth, Madison, Wis., September 24-27, 1918.

♦No. 273. Sixth, Toronto, Canada, September 23-26,1919.No. 281. Seventh, San Francisco, Calif., September 20-24,1920.No. 304. Eighth, Chicago, 111., September 19-23,1921.

Industrial accidents and hygiene—Continued.

(U)


Proceedings of annual meetings of the International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions—Continued.

No. 333. Ninth, Baltimore, Md., October 9-13,1922.*No. 359. Tenth, St. Paul, Minn., September 24r-26,1923.No. 385. Eleventh, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 26-28,1924.No. 395. Index to proceedings, 1914-1924.No. 406. Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 17-20,1925.No. 432. Thirteenth, Hartford, Conn., September 14-17, 1926.No. 456. Fourteenth, Atlanta, Ga., September 27-29,1927.

•No. 485. Fifteenth, Paterson, N. J., September 11-14,1928.No. 511. Sixteenth, Buffalo, N. Y., October 8-11, 1929.No. 536. Seventeenth, Wilmington, Del., September 22-26.1930.No. 564. Eighteenth, Richmond, Va., October 5-8,1931.

Proceedings of annual meetings of the International Association of Public Employment Services.No. 192. First, Chicago, December 19 and 20,1913; second, Indianapolis, September 24 and 25,1914;

third, Detroit, July 1 and 2,1915.•No. 220. Fourth, Buffalo, N. Y., July 20 and 21,1916.No. 311. Ninth, Buffalo, N. Y., September 7-9,1921.No. 337. Tenth, Washington, D. C., September 11-13, 1922.No. 355. Eleventh, Toronto, Canada, September 4-7, 1923.No. 400. Twelfth, Chicago, 111., May 19-23,1924.No. 414. Thirteenth, Rochester, N. Y., September 15-17,1925.No. 478. Fifteenth, Detroit, Mich., October 25-28,1927.No. 501. Sixteenth, Cleveland, Ohio, September 18-21,1928.No. 538. Seventeenth, Philadelphia, September 24-27, 1929; eighteenth, Toronto, Canada, Sep

tember 9-12, 1930.Productivity of labor.

No. 356. Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.1 No. 360. Time and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs of shoes, 1923.No. 407. Labor cost of production and wages and hours of labor in the paper box-board industry.

[1926.]•No. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925.No. 441. Productivity of labor in the glass industry. [ 1927.]No. 474. Productivity of labor in merchant blast furnaces. [1928.]No. 475. Productivity of labor in newspaper printing. [1929.]No. 550. Cargo handling and longshore labor conditions. [1932.]

Retail prices and cost of living.•No. 121. Sugar prices, from refiner to consumer. [1913.]•No. 130. Wheat and flour prices, from farmer to consumer. [1913.]•No. 164. Butter prices, from producer to consumer. [1914.1 No. 170. Foreign food prices as affected by the war. 11915.]No. 357. Cost of living in the United States. [1924.]No. 369. The use of cost-of-living figures in wage adjustments. [1925.]No. 495. Retail prices, 1890 to 1928.

Safety codes.No. 336. Safety code for the protection of industrial workers in foundries.No. 350. Rules governing the approval of headlighting devices for motor vehicles.

•No. 351. Safety code for the construction, care, and use of ladders.No. 375. Safety code for laundry machinery and operations.

•No. 382. Code of lighting school buildings.No. 410. Safety code for paper and pulp mills.

•No. 430. Safety code for power presses and foot and hand presses.N o . 447. S a fe ty co d e fo r ru b b e r m ills a n d ca len dars.No. 451. Safety code for forging and hot-metal stamping.No. 463. Safety code for mechanical power-transmission apparatus—first revision.No. 509. Textile safety code.No. 512. Code for identification of gas-mask canisters.No. 519. Safety code for woodworking plants, as revised 1930.No. 527. Safety code for the use, care, and protection of abrasive wheels, as revised 1930.No. 556. Code of lighting: Factories, mills, and other work places. (Revision of 1930.)No. 562. Safety codes for the prevention of dust explosions.

Vocational and workers* education.•No. 159. Short-unit courses for wage earners, and a factory school experiment. [1915.]•No. 162. Vocational education survey of Richmond, Va. [1915.]•No. 199. Vocational education survey of Minneapolis, Minn. [1917.]No. 271 Adult working-class education in Great Britain and the United States. 11920.]No. 459. Apprenticeship in building construction. [1928.]

Wages and hours of labor.•No. 146. Wages and regularity of employment and standardization of piece rates in the dress and

waist industry of New York City. 11914.]•No. 147. Wages and regularity of employment in the cloak, suit, and skirt industry. [1914.]No. 161. Wages and hours of labor in the clothing and cigar industries, 1911 to 1913.No. 163 Wages and hours of labor in the building and repairing of steam railroad cars, 1907 to 1913.

•No. 190. Wages and hours of labor in the cotton, woolen, and silk industries, 1907 to 1914.No. 204. Street-railway employment in the United States. [1917.1No. 218 Wages and hours of labor in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1915: With a glossary of

occupations.•No. 225 Wages and hours of labor in the lumber, millwork, and furniture industries, 1915.No. 265. Industrial survey in selected industries m the United States, 1919.No. 297. Wages and hours of labor in the petroleum industry, 1920.No. 356 Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.]No. 358. Wages and hours of labor in the automobile-tire industry, 1923.No. 360. Time and labor costs in manufacturing ICO pairs of shoes, 1923.No. 365. Wages and hours of labor in the paper and pulp industry. 1923.

(HI)


No. 407. Labor cost of production and wages and hours of labor In the paper box-board industry. [1926.]

♦No. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925.No. 416. Hours and earnings in anthracite and bituminous coal mining, 1922 and 1924.No. 484. Wages and hours of labor of common street laborers, 1928.No. 499. History of wages in the United States from colonial times to 1928.No. 502. Wages and hours of labor in the motor-vehicle industry, 1928.No. 504. Wages and hours of labor in the hosiery and underwear industries, 1907 to 1928.No. 514. Pennsylvania Railroad wage data. From Report of Joint Fact Finding Committee in the

wage negotiations in 1927.No. 516. Hours and earnings in bituminous-coal mining, 1929.No. 523. Hours and earnings in the manufacture of airplanes and aircraft engines, 1929.No. 525. Wages and hours of labor in the Portland cement industry, 1929.No. 532. Wages and hours of labor in the cigarette manufacturing industry, 1930.No. 533. Wages and hours of labor in woolen and worsted goods manufacturing, 1910 to 1930.No. 534. Labor conditions in the Territory of Hawaii, 1929-1930.No. 535. Wages and hours of labor in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, 1929.No. 537. Wages and hours of labor in the dyeing and finishing of textiles, 1930.No. 539. Wages and hours of labor in cotton-goods manufacturing, 1910 to 1930.No. 546. Wages and hours in rayon and other synthetic textile manufacturing, 1930.No. 547. Wages and hours of labor in the cane-sugar refining industry, 1930.No. 551. Wages and hours of labor in the boot and shoe industry, 1910 to 1930.No. 557. Wages and hours of labor in the men’s clothing industry, 1911 to 1930.No. 560. Wages and hours of labor in the lumber industry in the United States, 1930.No. 566. Union scales of wages and hours of iabor, May 15,1931.No. 567. Wages and hours of labor in the iron and steel industry, 1931.No. 568. Wages and hours of labor in the manufacture of silk and rayon goods, 1931.No. 570. Wages and hours of labor in foundry and machine shops, 193J.No. 571. Wages and hours of labor in the furniture industry, 1910 to 1931.No. 573. Wages and hours of labor in metalliferous mines, 1924 and 1931.No. 575. Wages and hours of labor in air transportation, 1931.

Welfare work.♦No. 123. Employers’ welfare work. [1913.]No. 222. Welfare work in British munition factories. [1917.]

♦No. 250. Welfare work for employees in industrial establishments in the United States. 11919.]No. 458. Health and recreation activities in industrial establishments, 1926.

Wholesale prices.♦No. 284. Index numbers of wholesale prices in the United States and foreign countries. 11921.]No. 453. Revised index numbers of wholesale prices, 1923 to July, 1927.No. 572. Wholesale prices, 1931.

Women and children in industry.♦No. 116. Hours, earnings, and duration of employment of wage-earning women in selected industries

in the District of Columbia. [1913.]♦No. 117. Prohibition of night work of young persons. 11913.]♦No. 118. Ten-hour maximum working-day for women and young persons. [1913.]No. 119. Working hours of women in the pea canneries of Wisconsin. [1913.]

♦No. 122. Employment of women in power laundries in Milwaukee. [1913.]♦No. 160. Hours, earnings, and conditions of labor of women in Indiana mercantile establishments

and garment factories. [1914.]♦No. 167. Minimum-wage legislation in the United States and foreign countries. [1915.]♦No. 175. Summary of the report on condition of woman and child wage earners in the United States.

[1915.]♦No. 176. Effect of minimum-wage determinations in Oregon. [1915.]♦No. 180. The boot and shoe industry in Massachusetts as a vocation for women. [1915.]♦No. 182. Unemployment among women in department and other retail stores of Boston, Mass. [1916.] No. 193. Dressmaking as a trade for women in Massachusetts. 11916.]No. 215. Industrial experience of trade-school girls in Massachusetts. [1917.]

♦No. 217. Effect of workmen’s compensation laws in diminishing the necessity of industrial employment of women and children. [1917.]

♦No. 223. Employment of women and juveniles in Great Britain during the war. [1917.]No. 253. Women in the lead industries. [1919.]No. 467. Minimum wage legislation in various countries. [1928.]No. 558. Labor conditions of women and children in Japan. [1931.]

Workmen’s insurance and compensation (including laws relating thereto).♦No. 101. Care of tuberculous wage earners in Germany. [1912.]♦No. 102. British national insurance act, 1911.♦No. 103. Sickness and accident insurance law in Switzerland. [1912.]No. 107. Law relating to insurance of salaried employees in Germany. [1913.]

♦No. 155. Compensation for accidents to employees of the United States. [1914.]♦No. 212. Proceedings of the conference on social insurance called by the International Association of

Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions, Washington, D. C., December 5-9,1916. ♦No. 243. Workmen’s compensation legislation in the United States and foreign countries, 1917and 1918. No. 301. Comparison of workmen’s compensation insurance and administration. [1922.]No. 312. National health insurance in Great Britain, 1911 to 1921.No. 379. Comparison of workmen’s compensation laws of the United States as of January 1, 1925. No. 477. Public-service retirement systems. United States and Europe. [1929.]No. 496. Workmen’s compensation legislation of the United States and Canada as of January 1,1929,

(With text of legislation enacted in 1927 and 1928.)No. 529. Workmen's compensation legislation of the Latin American countries. [1930.]

Miscellaneous series.*No. 174. Subject index of the publications of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics up to May

1,1915.No. 208. Profit sharing in the United States. [1916.]No. 242. Food situation in central Europe, 1917.No. 254. International labor legislation and the society of nations. [1919.]No. 268. Historical survey of international action affecting labor. [1920.1No. 282. Mutual relief associations among Government employees in Washington, D. C. [1921.]

Wages and hours o f labor—Continued.

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Miscellaneous series—Continued.No. 319. The Bureau of Labor Statistics: Its history, activities, and organization. [1922.]No. 326. Methods of procuring and computing statistical information of the Bureau of Labor Statis

tics. [1923.]No. 342. International Seamen’s Union of America: A study of its history and problems. 11923.]No. 346. Humanity in government. [1923.]No. 372. Convict labor in 1923.No. 386. Cost of American almshouses. [1925.]No. 398. Growth of legal-aid work in the United States. 11926.No. 401. Family allowances in foreign countries. [1926.]No. 461. Labor organizations in Chile. [1928.]No. 462. Park recreation areas in the United States. [1928.]No. 465. Beneficial activities of American trade-unions. [1928.]No. 479. Activities and functions of a State department of labor. [1928.No. 483. Conditions in the shoe industry in Haverhill, Mass., 1928.No. 489. Care of aged persons in United States. 11929.]No. 505. Director of homes for the aged in the United States. 11929.]No. 506. Handbook of American trade-unions. 1929 edition.No. 518. Personnel research agencies: 1930 edition.No. 541. Handbook of labor statistics: 1931 edition.No. 558. Labor conditions of women and children in Japan. [1931.]No. 561. Public old-age pensions and insurance in the United States and foreign countries. [1932.] No. 565. Park recreation areas in the United States, 1930.

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