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Transcript of Blood Typing ABO. Discovery Education streaming - Asset DetailsDiscovery Education streaming - Asset...
Blood Typing
ABO
• Discovery Education streaming - Asset Details
• Go to Discovery Education
• Click on Video Segment (6:02)
ABO Blood Group
• Three alleles A, B, O – or IA, IB, i
• Phenotypes of Blood types:
• A
• B
• AB
• O
NOTE:
A and B are codominant
Drop of Blood
Red blood cells have antigens
Plasma has antibodies
Don’t mix same letter antigens with antibodies
Antigens on RBC
antibodies
antigens
Antigens on surfaceRh
A
B antigens on surface
RhB
Both A and B antigens on surface
Rh
Alleles and antibodies
O
Anti-A
Anti-B
A
Anti-B
B
Anti-A
AB
none
O None None None none
A Clump None Clump None
B Clump Clump None None
AB Clump Clump Clump None
Agglutination (clumping)Animation: Cytotoxic
(Type II Hypersensitivity)
Official Blood Test Card
Blood Typing Simulation
• A sera is colored blue
• B sera is colored yellow
• Rh sera is colorless
Type A +
A
B
Rh
Type B Pos
A
B
Rh
Type AB+
A
B
Rh
Type O neg.
A
B
Rh
Rh+ and Rh-dominant Rh positive gene (+) produces the Rh antigen
recessive Rh negative gene (-) does not produce an antigen
• Rh+/Rh+
Rh+/Rh- Rh+
Rh-/Rh- = Rh-
(DD) or (Dd) = Rh+ (dd) = Rh-
(they do not have the key Rh antigens).
Rh + or - ?
.
Anti-Rh
antibodies
O positive and negative blood
Donating Blood
Best Blood
• If you include the Rh factor, then the universal donor becomes O Negative while the universal recipient becomes AB Positive.
Percentages in U.S.
• O Positive 38.4%• A Positive 32.3%• B Positive 09.4%• O Negative 07.7%• A Negative 06.5%• AB Positive 03.2%• B Negative 01.7%• AB Negative 00.7%