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Blood Transfusion at Different Healthcare Settings

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

a. gender

b. age

2. What is the physiological effect of blood transfusion to the respondents admitted at:

a. hallway

b. ward

c. private room

d. suite room

2.1. Is there significant difference on the physiological effect of blood transfusion among

the different healthcare settings?

2.2 Is there a significant relationship on the physiological effect of blood transfusion at

different settings when grouped according to the profile of the respondents as to

age and gender?

3. What is the psycho-social effect of blood transfusion to the respondents admitted at:

a. hallway

b. ward

c. private room

d. suite room

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Response on RH Bill among Families of Selected Barangays of __ La Union

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T0. Negative control. H20

T1. Expressed leaf juice from C. odorata

T2. Leaf Decoction from C. odorata

T3. Aqueous Solution from C. odorata leaf

T4. 25% MeOH leaf extract solution

T5. 50% MeOH leaf extract solutionT6. 75% MeOH leaf extract solution

T7. Positive ControlMalathion

Statement of Objectives

This study will generally determine the lavicidal activity of Chromolaena odorata leaf

extracts in terms of the length of time the larvae will be killed.

Specifically, it will seek to:

1. Determine the larvicidal activity of C. odorata leaf extracts as to the number of larvaethat will be killed.

2. Determine the significant differences in the length of time the larvae willbe killed when exposed to the seven treatments.

3. Analyze the significant differences in the length of time the larvae will bekilled between and among the treatments.

4. Determine and analyze the significant relationship among the varioustreatments in terms the length of time the larvae will be killed.

5. Determine the most lethal dose among the experimental treatments (T1to T6).

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Research Paradigm

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

Different treatments:

T0. Negative control. H20

T1. Expressed leaf juice from C. odorata

T2. Leaf Decoction from C. odorata

T3. Aqueous Solution from C. odorata leaf

T4. 25% MeOH leaf extract solution

T5. 50% MeOH leaf extract solution

T6. 75% MeOH leaf extract solution

T7. Positive ControlMalathion

Larvicidal activity of C. odorata as to:

a. Number of larvae that will bekilled

b. Length of time the larvae will bekilled.

Research Design:The study will utilize the experimental method that will focus on the use

of standard laboratory diagnostic procedures in the extraction and chemicalanalysis of C. odorata.

The study will not use any design because this study involve treatment ofthe experimental animals done by batches or done one after the other and notat the same time.

This study will utilize the following experimental treatments:

T0. Negative control. H20

T1. 20 mL Expressed leaf juice from C. odorata + 50 mL distilled water T2. 20 mL Leaf Decoction from C. odorata + 50 mL distilled water T3. 20 mL Aqueous Solution from C. odorata leaf + 50 mL distilled water T4. 20 mL 25% MeOH leaf extract solution + 50 mL distilled water T5. 20 mL 50% MeOH leaf extract solution + 50 mL distilled water T6. 20 mL 75% MeOH leaf extract solution + 50 mL distilled water T7. 20 mL Positive ControlMalathion + 50 mL distilled water

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Preparation of the Extracts

About 1000g of dried leaves will be cut into small pieces and homogenized using an

electric blender. The ground sample will be soaked in technical grade methanol for three days

with occasional stirring using a wide-mouth bottle about one liter capacity. The volume of

solvent to be used was just enough to immerse the ground sample. The container will be

covered and wrapped with aluminum foil. After three days, the mixtures will be filtered. The

filtration process will be repeated three times to extract all possible compounds present in the

methanol.

The methanol filtrate collected will be combined and concentrated in vacuo at a

temperature of 400C using a rotary evaporator. Extraction procedure involving the rotary

evaporator will be done at the_____________.

Preparation of Expressed Juice

About 1000 grams of fresh C. odorataleaves were pounded using mortar

and pestle and squeezed using a clean cheese cloth. The obtained juice was

filtered using filter paper. Finally, the expressed leaf juice was placed in a clean

container.

Preparation of Decoction from C. odorataLeaves

About 1000 grams of dried C. odorata leaves were boiled in 500 mL

water. Boiling was done for about 15 minutes. Afterwards, the mixture is

allowed to cool then placed in a clean container. Finally, the mixture was

filtered using filter paper. The filtrate collected was the decoction used as

treatment.

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Test Organisms

10 larvae per replication (3) Fourth (4th) instar mosquito larvae Acclimatized at seven days

Data Gathering:

Number of dead larvae Length of time the larvae will be killed

Data Analysis

1. One Way-ANOVA (0.05 level)2. Scheffes Test3. Pearson product moment of correlation

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