Blood & its Components! - mssulik.weebly.com · Blood disorders Leukaemia (Leukemia) Cancer of...
Transcript of Blood & its Components! - mssulik.weebly.com · Blood disorders Leukaemia (Leukemia) Cancer of...
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Blood Disorders
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But first…. Let’s review!
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What are the 4 main components of
blood?
PlasmaRed Blood Cells
White Blood Cells
Platelets
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What percentage of the blood is made up
of plasma?
~55%
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Of the 3 formed elements, which one is
the most numerous?
Red Blood Cells
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Of the 3 formed elements, which one is
the least common?
White Blood Cells
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What is the scientific name for a red blood
cell?
Erythrocyte
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What is the main function of the red blood
cells?
To carry oxygen and carbon dioxide
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What is the scientific name for a white
blood cell?
Leukocyte
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What is the main function of the white
blood cells?
To remove
harmful
foreign
bodies
(immunity)
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What is the scientific name for a platelet?
Thrombocyte
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What is the main function of the platelets?
Clotting of
the blood
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What is an antigen?
Protein marker on the
outside of a red blood cell –
tells you what blood type a
person has
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What is an antibody?
Proteins in the blood stream
that are used to identify and
neutralize unwanted things
in the blood
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What blood type does this person have?
A
B
Rh
Clots with
anti-A = A
Clots with
anti-B = B
Does not clot
with anti-Rh =
-
Blood type =
AB-
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What blood type does this person have?
A
B
Rh
Does not clot
with anti-A =
no A
Does not clot
with anti-B =
no B
Clot with anti-
Rh = +
Blood type =
O+
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What blood type does this person have?
A
B
Rh
Does not clot
with anti-A =
no A
Does not clot
with anti-Rh =
-
Clots with
anti-B = B
Blood type =
B-
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Blood Disorders
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Blood disorders
Anaemia (or anemia)
Not enough healthy red blood cells
Often due to low levels of iron which is a key component of hemoglobin
This leads to low oxygen levels
No hemoglobin = can’t bind the oxygen
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Blood disorders
Sickle Cell Anaemia
Genetic disorder of RBC
Cells form a rigid sickle (crescent) instead of a flexible biconcave disk
Leads to low oxygen transport
Forms clots and blocks capillaries
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Blood disorders
Haemophilia (Hemophilia)
Blood does not clot properly
Inherited disease –linked to X chromosome so much more common in men
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Blood disorders
Leukaemia (Leukemia)
Cancer of blood-forming tissues
- Usually starts in the marrow and causes the production of abnormal blood cells (most often white blood cells)
- These abnormal cells often don’t function properly and can crowd out normal (“good”) cells preventing them from doing their jobs