BLOOD. Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body Only fluid tissue in...

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BLOOD

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 Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood

Transcript of BLOOD. Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body Only fluid tissue in...

Page 1: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

BLOOD

Page 2: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.
Page 3: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body

Only fluid tissue in human body

Hematophobia= fear of blood

Page 4: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

Hematocrit - volume of blood cells in a sample, should be 45%. The remaining fluid is plasma (55%). To determine the percentages, blood is placed in a centrifuge

Page 5: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

Three Types of Blood Cells red blood cells (erythrocytes)white blood cells (leukocytes)platelets (thrombocytes)

Page 6: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

Biconcave discs5 million per cubic millimeterLack nuclei

HEMATOPOEISIS – formation of blood cells (bone marrow)

Liver & Spleen - phagocytosis

Page 7: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

Elements Critical to RBC Production

• Folic Acid• Vitamin B12• Iron

• Too few RBC = anemia

Page 8: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

Oxygen Levels

Oxyhemoglobin = plenty of oxygen; bright red

Deoxyhemoglobin = low in O2, “bluish red”

Page 9: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

WHITE BLOOD CELLS(Leukocytes)

• General function is to protect the body against disease

• There are several different kinds of WBCs

Granulocytes (granular cytoplasm) Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils

Agranulocytes (lacking granular cytoplasm)Monocytes, Lymphocytes

Page 10: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.
Page 11: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.
Page 12: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.
Page 13: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.
Page 14: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

Neutrophil (nucleus has several lobes)

Active phagocytes60% of WBC

Present in the pus of wounds

Page 15: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

Basophil Produces Heparin and Histamines

Important in Inflammatory Reaction

1% WBC

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Eosinophil

Mainly attack parasites2% WBC

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Monocyte (larger cell, horseshoe shaped nucleus)

Become macro-phages

Page 18: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

Lymphocyte(nucleus is dark and takes up almost whole cell; almost no cytoplasm seen)

Defense against invaders

Yield Antibodies30% WBC

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Left: Lymphoctye | Right: Neutrophil

Page 20: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.
Page 21: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

Platelets (thrombocytes)

Blood clots and vessel repair

Page 22: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

Plasma Proteins

• Albumins – blood pressure• Globulins (alpha, beta, gamma) – transport

lipids and antibodies for immunity• Fibrinogen – important for blood clotting

Fibrogen • Fibrin

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PLASMA

Page 24: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.
Page 25: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

This machine removes the plasma from the blood and returns the RBC’s to the donor.

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HEMOSTASIS

The process of stopping bleedingInvolves the coagulation and clotting of the

blood to seal the site of damage

Page 27: BLOOD.  Blood transports substances and maintains homeostasis in the body  Only fluid tissue in human body Hematophobia = fear of blood.

1. Blood Vessel Spasm2. Platelet plug3. Blood coagulation

conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

*thrombin is an enzyme that causes the conversion

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Hemostasis

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• THROMBUS – blood clot (abnormal)

• EMBOLUS – when the clot moves to another place.