BLOOD. 66. Blood fluid tissue made of liquid and cells.
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Transcript of BLOOD. 66. Blood fluid tissue made of liquid and cells.
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BLOOD
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66. Blood
• fluid tissue made of liquid and cells
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Blood
• About 5 liters• Travels about 40 mph through
vessels
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Blood
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A. Plasma – yellowish liquid that blood cells float around in
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Plasma
a. Makes up – 55% of bloodb. Made of – 90% water, proteins
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B. Erythrocytes - Red blood cells
5 million red blood cells in a drop of blood
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Erythrocytes
a. Shape - Concave disc, allows them to bend and twist
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Erythrocytes
b. Not true cells, lack a nucleus
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Erythrocytes
c. Job – carry O₂ to body cells, carry CO₂ to lungs to be released
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Erythrocytes
d. Hemoglobin – red protein that binds to O₂ and CO₂
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Hemoglobin
• Oxygen-rich – bright red color• Oxygen-poor – dark maroon color
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Life span
e. Constantly wear out (120 days) and remade in bone marrow
About 2 million die every second
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C. Leukocytes – white blood cells
7,000 white blood cells in a drop of blood
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Leukocytes
a. Size - larger than Red Blood Cells
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Leukocytes
b. Job – guard body against disease
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Types of Leukocytes
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Monocytes
• “phagocytes”, engulf bacteria and old red blood cells
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Lymphocytes
• Produce antibodies that fight disease and destroy infected cells
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Eosinophils
• Kill parasitic worms
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D. Thrombocytes - platelets
Half a million platelets in a drop of blood
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Thrombocytes
a. Not real cells, pieces of cytoplasm from larger cells
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Thrombocytes
b. Job – essential for blood clotting
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c. Clotting Process
• Platelets clump to the injured area• Release chemicals that react with
proteins in the blood
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Clotting Process
• Creates fibrin – threads that intertwine and form a net• Blood cells are stopped and scab
forms
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Blood Types
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E. Blood Type
• Determined by genes, and presence or absence of antigens
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Type A
a. Has A antigen
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Type B
b. Has B antigen
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Type AB
c. Has both A and B antigens
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Type O
d. Has neither A or B antigens
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How do you find your blood type?
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Importance
e. If blood transfusion is needed
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Blood Type Can Donate To Can Receive From
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Blood Type
• Identified not only by letter but also by being positive or negative
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Rh factor
f. The presence or absence of an Rh antigen
• Rh+ = Have the Rh antigen• Rh- = Don’t have the Rh antigen
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Where are you at?
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F. Blood Pressure
• Measurement of force applied to the artery walls
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Blood Pressure
a. Systolic pressure – maximum pressure in an artery-beating and pumping
b. Diastolic pressure – is the lowest pressure in an artery-resting
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Blood Pressure
c. Normal – 120/80
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Other Circulatory Disorders
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Hypertension
a. High blood pressure, over works the heart and damages the arteries
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Causes (Pick 4)• Smoking • Being overweight • Lack of physical activity • Too much salt in the diet • Too much alcohol consumption (no more
than 1 to 2 drinks per day) • Stress • Older age • Genetics • Family history of high blood pressure
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Anemia
b. Fatigue from lack of oxygen
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Anmeia
• Hemorrhagic – too few red blood cells
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Anmeia
• Iron deficiency – too little iron on RBCs for oxygen to attach to
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Anmeia
• Sickle cell – genetic, sickle shaped RBCs clot easily
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c. Hemophilia
• Genetic, blood doesn’t clot
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d. Leukemia
• Cancer of the blood, produces immature WBCs