Block Day- April 18, 2012
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Transcript of Block Day- April 18, 2012
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Block Day- April 18, 2012Homework: None
Make an entry: Entry 37: Mitosis vs. Meiosis-4/18/12Complete the chart
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Mitosis vs. Meiosis1)Meiosis2) Meiosis3)Mitosis4) Meiosis5)Meiosis6) Mitosis7)Both
8)Mitosis9) Meiosis10)Mitosis11)Mitosis12)Meiosis13)Meiosis
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Make an entryEntry 38: Karyotypes-4/18/12
Definition:A karyotype is a
picture of a person’s chromosomes.
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Cut out from picture and match each in pairs
In a karyotype, homologous pairs of chromosomes are matched and labeled.
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How do we identify homologous chromosome pairs?
1. Size2. Stain with a dye to produce a pattern of
bands (banding pattern)3. Position of the centromere
Centromere
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Gender determination• Females have 2 “X” chromosomes.• Males have 1 “X” and 1 “y” chromosome.
X XFemale
X yMale
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Why make karyotypes?• Some diseases are caused by problems
with chromosomes– Extra chromosomes– Missing chromosomes– Broken chromosomes
• Making karyotypes allows scientists to identify these diseases.
Example karyotypesUsing karyotypes to predict disease
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Chromosomal Abnormalities• Caused by problems in Meiosis
– Errors in Meiosis
• Cannot be detected until the embryo (baby) is already made
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Detecting Chromosomal Abnormalities
Amniocentesis
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Chromosomal Abnormalities
• Some chromosomal abnormalities are linked to maternal age (Down’s Syndrome)
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Amniocentesis
• High-Risk mothers and mothers who have odd test results may get an Amniocentesis– An “amnio” is a sample of the amniotic fluid that surrounds the
baby. This fluid contains the baby’s cells.
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Amniocentesis
• From the Amniocentesis, a karyotype can be made.
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Disease (extra chromosome)
Normal (complete set of chromosomes)
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Karyotype Lab• Get a laptop, write down your number - log in to computer and wait!• Go to the pickup work folder and open the
document “Links for Karyotype Lab”
• Using the links- complete the fill in the blank notes on the chromosomal disorders: Down, Turner, and Kleinfelter syndromes.
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When you are finished-
Tape this into the Karyotype entry- Shut down your laptop