BLACKS AND WHITES

I Warm--Up Questions1.Can you give me some names of world--famous bl

ack men?

( Michael Jordan,

Michael Jordan

• With his explosive scoring ability and inspired defensive play, American professional basketball player Michael Jordan led the Chicago Bulls to six National Basketball Association (NBA) championships (1991-1993, 1996-1998). He was also named NBA most valuable player in 1988, 1991, 1992, 1996, and 1998. Jordan retired from basketball in 1993, but after playing professional baseball for one year, he returned to the Bulls in 1995. Here, Jordan dunks the ball during a 1995 NBA playoff game against the Orlando Magic.

BLACKS AND WHITES

I Warm--Up Questions1.Can you give me some names of world--famous bl

ack men?

( Michael Jordan, Mumammad Ali,

MUMAMMAD ALI

• Muhammad Ali first won the world heavyweight championship title in 1964 but temporarily lost it in a controversial decision. Ali regained the title in 1974 and in 1978, making him the first boxer to become world heavyweight champion three times.

BLACKS AND WHITES

I Warm--Up Questions1.Can you give me some names of world--famous bl

ack men?

( Michael Jordan, Mumammad Ali, Michael Jackson

Michael Jackson

• American singer, dancer, and songwriter Michael Jackson performs during a 1993 concert tour in Asia. Jackson began his career as a child performing with his brothers in the group known as the Jackson 5, and achieved worldwide fame as a solo performer, largely due to his highly personal style of singing and dancing. Jackson’s greatest musical success, the 1982 album Thriller, won an unprecedented eight Grammy Awards, produced a record-breaking seven Top Ten hits, and became the best-selling album in history. Because of Jackson’s eccentric and reclusive lifestyle, he has been a frequent target of the media spotlight.

BLACKS AND WHITES

I Warm--Up Questions1.Can you give me some names of world--famous bl

ack men?

( Michael Jordan, Mumammad Ali, Michael Jackson and Martin Luther King and so on.)

"Martin Luther King, Jr.,"• Martin Luther King, Jr., emerged as a

leader of the American civil rights movement after organizing the famous 1955 bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama. Throughout his career he pressed for equal treatment and improved circumstances for blacks, organizing nonviolent protests and delivering powerful speeches on the necessity of eradicating institutional racial inequalities. In 1963 King led a peaceful march between the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial, where he delivered his most famous speech, "I Have a Dream."

BLACKS AND WHITES

I Warm--Up Questions1.Can you give me some names of world--famous black men?

( Michael Jordan, Michael Jackson,Ali and Martin Luther King and so on.)

2.How were the blacks after the Civil War?

( No slavery, took no important part in social life, as servants or labors)

3. Many blacks moved from the South to the North from 1865 to 1915,why? And what were the problems?

( In order to find jobs in Northern industrial cities. Problems: neglected by the city authorities; ghettos becoming slums; schools not good for children; hard to maintain family life; neglected children; high rate of murder; unemployment.)

II Words and Expressions

1.no longer: no more/not any longer/(not) any more 不再 1) 她不能再去上学。 She could no longer go to school.

2) 今天的中国不再是过去的中国了。 China today is no longer the China of the past.

3) 他不能再被相信了。他们不得不让他走。 He could no longer be trusted, and they had to let him go.

To take an important part in sth: to play an important role in sth 起重要作用；作重大贡献

他为确保该计划的成功起了重要作用。He has taken an important part in ensuring the

success of the plan.

III Paraphrases

1.“Although no longer…as servants or laborers.”:

Though American blacks were not slaves any more after the Civil War, they did not hold important positions. They were only servants or laborers in this society which belonged to the white.

(In the clause introduced by “although” the subject and part of the predicate “they were” are omitted.)

2. in the hope of --- in hopes of ;hoping to do 希望做某事；怀着…的希望

1. 我去那儿希望我的一些朋友。 I went there in the hope of meeting some frie

nds of mine.

2. 他做这件事希望得到一项奖励。 He did it in hopes of obtaining a reward.

3. 这次我希望成功。I’m in hopes of succeeding this time.

to crowd into/out … 蜂拥而进 / 出

学生们簇拥地进了教室。The students crowded into the classroom.

Crowd (sth) with/be crowded with

使充塞 / 充塞着公共汽车里挤满了乘客。The bus is crowded with passengers.

3.neglect v.-- to fail to perform(an act, duty etc.) esp. through carelessness; to fail to attend to; to fail to care for 疏忽，忽略； 遗漏，忘记做1. 对不起，我把我的职责忘了。 I’m sorry I’ve neglected my duty.

2. 他们在学习上认真到废寝忘食的地步。 They are so diligent in their study that they neglect the

ir sleep and meals.

3. 他忘记写信给他父母了。 He neglected to write to his parents.

4. 当你离开的时候不要忘记锁门。Don’t neglect to lock the door when you leave.

turn to sth/sb: 转向；求助于

1. 那孩子向母亲求安慰。 The child turned to his mother for comfort.

2. 她无人可求助。 She has nobody to turn to.

In some instances: in some cases;in some examples

“Children neglected…crimes.”

Many children began taking drugs and committing crimes for lack of their parents’ care.

When parents did not look after their children, the children sometimes would take drugs and commit crimes.

“ …, and most of these deaths…by blacks”

Most of the victims of the 700 murders are blacks who have been killed by other blacks.

(…, and most of these deaths are of blacks: … are deaths of blacks…; “deaths” is omitted.)

So-called 所谓的 你所谓的朋友在你困难的时候不会来帮你。 Your so-called friends won’t help you in your troubles.

Opportunity: a good chance; convenient occasion;

他抓住了一个机会和他单独谈话。He seized an opportunity to speak to him alone.

我很高兴有这个机会在这儿上课。I’m glad to have this opportunity to be here to give a lecture.

estimate--- to form a judgment or opinion about (how much, how many, how good or the like) 评估，评价

1. 我们估计完成这工作需要三个月。 We estimate that it would take three months to fi

nish the work.

2. 我没测量这房间，估计它有 15 英尺长。 I estimate the room to be 15 feet long without m

easuring it.

3. 这项工程估计花了十万美元。 The project is estimated to have cost $100,000.

"Civil Rights March, 1963,”More than 200,000 women and men from all over the United States converged on Washington, D.C., on August 28, 1963, for a peaceful civil rights demonstration. The protesters gathered to show support for a broad civil rights bill. During the demonstration, Martin Luther King, Jr., addressed the crowd and described his dream for equality and unity in America.

put sth into effect/action/execution/practice--- to perform ; to fulfill sth planned 实行（某事物）； 实施

1. 他们已经开始实施这一计划。 They have already begun to put the plans into

effect.

2. 我们必须实行这个政策。 We must put this policy into effect.

3. 他们正在讨论如何实行这一新法律。 They were discussing how to put the new law i

nto effect.

Come down: to fall; to be destroyed or removed

1. 这个孩子的体温今天上午降下来了。the child’s temperature came down in the morning.

2. 这个星期肉价已降了下来。 The price of meat has come down this week.

3. 这个旧旅店正在被拆掉，一个新的旅馆将建起。 The old hotel is coming down and a new one is to be b

uilt.

Gone: moved away; left; lost

1. Suddenly he found that his watch was gone.

2. She told me that all the documents were gone.

Walk of life: a way of living, calling, profession, occupation.

(esp. In the phrases: every walk of life; all walks of life)

1. 这个银行家不想让他的儿子娶一个从事不同行业的女孩。The banker did not want his son to marry a girl in a different walk of life.

2.江泽民和来自各行业的所有代表亲切地握手。Jiang zemin shook hands with all the delegates from all walks of life.

On the whole: generally, mostly, in general

1. My opinion is on the whole the same as yours.

2. He is ill, but is better on the whole.

Be for: be in favor of , be in agreement with

1. We are for just war.

2. Which candidate are you for?

Devoted : dedicated,very loving or loyal;

1. There were many comrades devoted to the cause of revolution in our country.

2. He was still devoted to the study of chemistry.

Iv Main Ideas of Each Paragraph

Par 1 Freedom after the Civil War did not solve all the problems of American blacks.

Par 2 Ghetto life created many problems

Par 3 Many blacks were “underclass” in the 1970s.

Par 4-5 Discrimination was prohibited by law and some improvements were made in the legal system.

Par 6 Social injustice and racial inequality led to violence.

Par 7 Blacks are moving up in society.

Par 8 Black political pressure has played an important part in the last 20 years.