SUMMARY REPORT

CITY COUNCIL

PREPARED BY:

Agenda No. 10~ Key Words: District Elections Meeting Date: April12, 2016

Douglas Johnson, National Demographics Corporation Douglas L. White, City Attorney

RECOMMENDATION I REQUESTED ACTION:

Provide direction to City staff regarding potential modifications, if any, to the three (3) draft district boundary plans (maps and demographic information) prepared by National Demographics Corporation ("NDC") for the Council's consideration of a switch from an at-large election system to by-district elections. The Dixon City Council ("Council") may alternatively select a preferred district boundary plan for further discussion at the second public hearing scheduled for April 26, 2016.

BACKGROUND:

Due to the increasing number of cities throughout the state facing legal challenges under the California Voting Rights Act ("CVRA") to their "at-large" election system, the City of Dixon ("City'') is considering changing from the current "at-large" system to a "by­district" system. A "by-district" elections system is one in which a candidate must reside within an election district and is elected only by voters residing within that election district. Under a by-district system, the Mayor may still be elected on an "at-large" citywide basis.

Council provided direction to City staff to conduct a substantive analysis with public input regarding changing its election system from at-large to by-district elections. Given the litigation risk and associated financial impact on the City, the Council has expressed its preference to use the ability to switch its election system by ordinance granted by California Election Code Section 34886, rather than putting the question on the ballot for a public vote.

City staff engaged NDC to assist the City with the development of draft and final election district maps. On February 23, 2016, the Council approved Resolution No. 16:. 026, adopting line drawing criteria for proposed Council districts and approving a

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schedule for the Council to consider draft plans and approve a switch to by-district election by ordinance, should it choose to approve such an action.

Consequently, NDC has prepared three (3) drafts of by-district election boundary maps for the Council to consider. Each of the draft boundary maps presents a "by-district" election method whereby the City would switch to four (4) Council election districts with the mayoral position elected "at-large."

NDC presented the draft district election boundary maps to the Council at a special meeting held on April 4, 2016. The Council elicited public comment on the proposed boundary maps and provided staff with further direction on potential modifications to the draft district election boundary plans.

This meeting is the first of three (3) scheduled public hearings to consider draft plans (maps) and receive public input relative to potential voting district boundaries. The public is encouraged to express opinions or submit evidence for or against the draft plans (maps). The Council may take this opportunity to direct NDC regarding any modified or new districting plans (maps) it would like to see in addition to those already submitted. However, due to the deadline to approve the final maps and submit to the County Registrar, there will not be sufficient time to make extensive changes to the proposed maps.

ANALYSIS:

Existing law requires that Council election districts must contain essentially equal total populations, comply with the Federal Voting Rights Act and CVRA, and avoid using race as a predominant factor in defining district borders. The courts have also allowed small population deviations if such deviations are necessary to achieve what the U.S. Supreme Court has labeled "traditional redistricting principles." NDC has prepared draft plans that fully comply with all legal requirements and adhere to official criteria for needed deviations for adjusting council district boundaries.

FINANCIAL IMPACT:

There is no discernible fiscal impact for the Council to provide direction regarding preferred district map plans. There may be a fiscal impact based on additional services requested from NDC.

STEPS FOLLOWING PRESENTATION AND PUBLIC HEARING

The Council may discuss the specific communities of interest (such as downtown or the area around a specific school or park) or types of communities (more general references such as senior-living communities; master-planned communities; or similar

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types of communities), that the Council wishes NDC to consider when drawing revised draft maps following comments from the Council and City residents.

The second and third public hearings are tentatively scheduled for April 26 and May 10, 2016. At the conclusion of this series of public hearings, the Council will consider an ordinance to switch to a by-district election system and adopt a final map for Council districts, to be implemented and effective for the November 2016 general election.

The deadline to submit the certified maps and legal descriptions of the final district election boundaries to the Solano County Registrar's Office in time to be effective for the November 2016 election is June 1, 2016.

ATTACHMENTS

1) NDC 4-District Draft A - Map and Demographic Data 2) NDC 4-District Draft B - Map and Demographic Data 3) NDC 4-District Draft C- Map and Demographic Data

NDC has also created a link to an interactive map where City residents can zoom in/out on each plan in question; switch from a street map to a satellite view; or enter an address to find and zoom to that location. The interactive map can be found at:

http://www.arcais.com/appsNiewer/index.html?appid=f4b 733e1 d1514977bde0779b035 1e14a

(Note: The link above may not carry through interactively on the pdf in the City's website agendas. Viewers may need to copy and paste the above link elsewhere in order to view the interactive documents.)

APPROVALS:

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City of Dixon 2016 Districting

Draft A

Map layers O DraftA < I Census Block '-~

Water Area

Streets

Landmark Area ~Railroad

-- River

Cities and Towns 1 CM Blocks

National Demographics Corporation, March 27, 2016

Va~Rd

Note: the non-contiguous southern portion of the city is also in District 4.

Dixon - Draft A District 1 2 3 4 Total

Total Pop 4,618 4,692 4,558 4,483 18,351

Deviation from ideal 30 104 -30 -105 209

%Deviation 0.65% 2.27% -0.65% -2.29% 4.56% %Hisp 38% 49% 30% 45% 40%

Total Pop o/oNHWhite 49% 44% 59% 46% 49% o/oNHBlack 5% 2% 3% 3% 3%

% Asian-American 6% 3% 6% 5% 5% Total 3,260 3,331 3,276 3,135 13,002

%Hisp 34% 44% 28% 41% 37% Voting Age Pop o/oNHWhite 53% 49% 61% 49% 53%

o/oNHBlack 5% 2% 3% 3% 3% %Asian-American 6% 3% 6% 5% 5%

Total 2,635 2,664 2,939 2,967 11,204

Gtizen Voting Age %Hisp 26% 19% 26% 34% 27%

%NHWhite 58% 72% 65% 62% 64% Pop

o/oNHBlack 9% 0% 4% 0% 3% o/o Asian/Pac.IsL 13% 11% 8% 6% 5%

Total 2,266 1,997 2,511 1,956 8,730 Voter Registtation %Latino 28% 36% 26% 25% 29%

(Nov 2014) o/o Asian-Sumamed 2% 1% 2% 1% 2% % Filipino-Sumamed 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%

Total 1,081 845 1,282 897 4,105 VoterTumout %Latino 19% 22% 18% 18% 19%

(Nov 2014) o/o Asian-Sumamed 1% 1% 2% 2% 1% % Filipino-Sumamed 2% 1% 1% 1% 1%

Total 1,786 1,370 1,976 1,347 6,479 VoterTumout o/o Latino 24% 26% 21% 27% 24%

(Nov 2012) o/o Asian-Sumamed 2% 1% 2% 1% 2% % Filipino-Sumamed 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%

ACS Pop. Est. Total 4,730 4,792 4,657 4,432 18,611

age0-19 35% 34% 34% 31% 33% Age age20-60 52% 52% 51% 54% 52%

age60plus 13% 13% 15% 15% 14%

Immigration immigrants 17% 17% 15% 19% 17%

naturalized 35% 36% 72% 44% 46%

Language spoken at english 71% 70% 70% 62% 68%

home spanish 27% 28% 28% 37% 30%

asian-lang 1% 1% 1% 0% 1% other lang 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%

Language Fluency Speaks Eng. "Less

13% 14% 13% 15% 14% than Very Well"

Education (among hs-grad 61% 61% 64% 59% 61% bachelor 13% 13% 16% 13% 14%

those age 25+) graduatedegree 8% 8% 7% 6% 7%

Child in Household child-under18 51% 51% 46% 43% 48%

Work (percent of employed 62% 62% 64% 57% 61%

Commute on Public pop age 16+)

Transit 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%

income 0-25k 17% 17% 6% 19% 15%

income 25-50k 20% 20% 29% 23% 23% Household Income income 50-75k 21% 21% 7% 20% 17%

income 75-200k 39% 38% 50% 34% 40%

income 200k-plus 4% 4% 8% 3% 5% single family 69% 70% 100% 82% 80%

multi-family 31% 30% 0% 18% 20%

Housing Stats vacant 5% 5% 4% 5% 5%

occupied 95% 95% 96% 95% 95%

rented 40% 40% 20% 42% 36%

owned 60% 60% 80% 58% 64% TObl and Voting Age population datl from the 2010 Decennial Cen.Wi.

1---- --- ·---- ----Voter Registration 1o1ld Turnout dam from the California Smtewide Dambase. ,. .

!Citizen Votmg 1\ge Pop., 1\ge, 1rnnugtllb0n, arul other aemograprucs 1r0m tile 2010-20141\menc:an Lomrnumty ;,urvey !>-year aatl.

City of Dixon 2016 Districting

Draft B

Map layers 0 DraftB __j Census Block

l WaterArea

Streets

Landmark Area

--t--t- Railroad

River

Cities and Towns T CMBlocks

National Demographics Corporation, March 27,2016

Note: the non-contiguous southern portion of the city is also in District 1.

Dixon - Draft B District 1 2 3 4 Total

Total Pop 4,491 4,612 4,644 4,604 18,351 Deviation from ideal -97 24 56 16 153

%Deviation -2.11% 0.52% 1.22% 0.35% 3.33% %Hisp 53% 33% 33% 43% 40%

Total Pop %NHWhite 39% 55% 55% 48% 49% %NHB!ack 3% 4% 3% 2% 3%

~'• Asian-American 3% 5% 6% 4% 5% Total 3,207 3,250 3,303 3,242 13,002

%Hisp 48% 29% 30% 39% 37% Voting Age Pop %NHWhite 43% 60% 57% 52% 53%

%NHB!ack 3% 4% 3% 2% 3% %Asian-American 3% 5% 7% 5% 5%

Total 2,508 2,952 2,938 2,807 11,204

Citizen Voting Age %Hisp 39% 23% 28% 19% 27%

%NHWhite 56% 64% 62% 74% 64% Pop %NHB!ack 3% 6% 4% 0% 3%

% Asian/Pac.Isl. 9% 12% 9% 8% 5% Total 1,840 2,387 2,479 2,024 8,730

Voter Registration %Latino 36% 26% 27% 27% 29% (Nov 2014) %Asian-Surnamed 1% 2% 2% 2% 2%

% Filipino-Surnamed 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% Total 824 1,121 1,233 927 4,105

VoterTumout %Latino 24% 17% 18% 17% 19% (Nov2014) %Asian-Surnamed 1% 1% 2% 2% 1%

% Filipino-Surnamed 1% 1% 1% 2% 1% Total 1,412 1,751 1,944 1,372 6,479

Voter Turnout %Latino 26% 24% 22% 27% 24% (Nov2012) %Asian-Surnamed 1% 2% 2% 2% 2%

% Filipino-Surnamed 1% 1% 1% 1% 1% ACS Pop. Est. Total 4,522 4,771 4,751 4,567 18,611

age0-19 33% 36% 34% 31% 33% Age age20-60 53% 52% 51% 54% 52%

age60plus 14% 13% 15% 15% 14%

lmmigrntion immigrants 18% 16% 15% 19% 17% natutalized 39% 33% 67% 46% 46%

Language spoken at english 67% 73% 70% 63% 68%

home spanish 32% 25% 28% 36% 30% asian-lang 1% 2% 1% 0% 1% other lang 1% 0% 1% 1% 1%

Language Fluency Speaks Eng. "Less

14% 13% 13% 15% 14% than Very Well"

Education (among hs-grad 60% 62% 63% 59% 61%

bachelor 13% 14% 15% 13% 14% those age 25+) graduatedegtee 7% 8% 7% 6% 7%

Child in Household ehild-under18 47% 54% 47% 43% 48%

Work (percent of employed 59% 63% 64% 58% 61%

Commute on Public pop age 16+) Transit

1% 1% 1% 1% 1%

income 0-25k 19% 16% 7% 18% 15% income 25-50k 21% 19% 28% 24% 23%

Household Income income 50-75k 21 o/o 21% 8% 19% 17% income 75-200k 36% 41% 49% 36% 40%

income 200k-plus 3% 4% 7% 4% 5% single family 75% 67% 96% 83% 80% multi-family 25% 33% 4% 17% 20%

Housing Stats vacant 5% 5% 4% 4% 5%

occupied 95% 95% 96% 96% 95% tented 42% 38% 22% 40% 36% owned 58% 62% 78% 60% 64%

Total and Voting Age population data from the 2010 Decennial Census.

Voter Registration and Turnout data from the California Statewide Database.

Citizen Voting Age i•op., Age, immigration, orui other <1em0graphics from the 2010·2014 1\merian .:ommuruty Survey ~-year ciata. I

City of Dixon 2016 Districting

Draft C

Map layers 0 DraftC

I Census Block i--1 WaterArea

Streets

Landmark Area

- Railroad

River \

Cities and Towns '

CM Blocks

National Demographics Corporation, March 27, 2016

/ I

i .l (1 ·-'

4 Va~hnRd

Note: the non-contiguous southern portion of the city is also in District 4.

Dixon - Draft C District 1 2 3 4 Total

Total Pop 4,589 4,804 4,420 4,538 18,351 Deviation from ideal 1 216 -168 -50 384

%Deviation 0.02% 4.71% -3.66% -1.09% 8.37%

o/oHisp 31% 35% 39% 57% 40%

Total Pop o/oNHWhite 56% 56% 48% 36% 49% o/oNHBbck 4% 2% 3% 3% 3%

%Asian-American 6% 3% 7% 2% 5%

Total 3,246 3,487 3,029 3,240 13,002

o/o Hisp 28o/o 32% 36% 52% 37% Voting Age Pop o/oNHWhite 60% 60% 50% 41% 53%

o/oNHBiack 4% 2% 4% 3% 3%

%Asian-American 6% 4% 8% 3% 5% Totll 2,894 3,053 2,773 2,484 11,204

Citizen Voting Age o/o Hisp 23% 21% 26% 39% 27%

o/o NHWhite 62% 69% 68% 57% 64% Pop

o/oNHBlack 7% 3% 0% 2% 3% % Asian/P~.Isl. 12% 10% 7% 8% 5%

Total 2,490 2,472 1,997 1,771 8,730

Voter Registration %Latino 26% 29% 24% 37% 29% (Nov 2014) %Asian-Surnamed 2% 1% 3% 1% 2%

o/o Filipino-Surnamed 1% 1% 2% 1% 1%

Totll 1,188 1,208 936 773 4,105

Vote!: Turnout %Latino 17% 19% 16% 26% 19% (Nov 2014) % Asian-Surnamed 1% 1% 3% 1% 1%

% Filipino-Surnamed 1% 1% 2% 1% 1% · Tobl 1,827 1,816 1,482 1,353 6,479

VoterTumout %Latino 24% 23% 24% 27% 24%

(Nov 2012) %Asian-Surnamed 2% 2% 2% 1% 2% % Filipino-Sumamed 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%

ACSPop. Est. Total 4,743 4,883 4,437 4,548 18,611 age0-19 36% 34% 32% 32% 33%

Age age20-60 52% 52% 53% 53% 52%

age60plus 13% 14% 15% 14% 14%

Immigration immigt'lUltS 16% 16% 17% 18% 17%

naturalized 35% 54% 55% 39% 46%

Language spoken at english 73% 69% 66% 66% 68%

home spanish 25% 29% 33% 33% 30%

asian-lang 2% 1% 1% 1% 1%

other lang 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%

Language Fluency Speaks Eng. "Less

13% 13% 14% 14% 14% than Very Well"

Education (among hs-grad 62% 62% 61% 59% 61%

b~elor 14% 14% 14% 13% 14% those age 25+)

graduatedegree 8% 7% 7% 7% 7%

Child in Household child-under18 53% 47% 44% 46% 48%

Work (petcent of employed 63% 62% 60% 59% 61%

Commute on Public pop age 16+)

Transit 1% 1% 1% 1% 1%

income 0-25k 16% 12% 14% 19% 15%

income 25-SOk 19% 25% 26% 21% 23"/o Household Income income 50-75k 20% 14% 14% 21% 17%

income 75-200k 41% 43% 41% 35% 40%

income 200k-plus 4% 6% 5% 3% 5%

single family 68% 86% 89% 76% 80% multi-family 32% 14% 11% 24% 20%

Housing Stats vacant 5% 4% 4% 5% 5%

occupied 95% 96% 96% 95% 95% rented 37% 31% 33% 43% 36%

owned 63% 69% 67% 57% 64% To12121ld Voting Age population dam from the 2010 Decenoia1 Census.

Vorer Registration and Turnout datll from the California Smtewide Dtlllbo~. j:;;~U..;,·. -.. ui.i>'!i nfJI! Pop., Age. fmmign.W.,, uui ori1er ciomogn.pilics from me 2010-2014 iunerican Community 5mvey ~-year ciam.