Birla Institute Of Technology & Science, Pilani

Work-Integrated Learning Programmes Division

First Semester 2011-2012

Course Handout

Course No. : BITS ZG553

Course Title : Real Time Systems

Instructor : Ashish Mishra

Course Description

Introduction to real-time systems, Modeling of a Real-Time System, Task assignment and

scheduling, Resource management, Real-time operating systems, RTOS services, Programming

language with real-time support, System design techniques, Intertask communication, Fault tolerant

techniques, Reliability evaluation methods; Performance analysis, Case studies of real-time

systems.

Scope and Objectives

At the end of the course, the student should be able to understand Real-Time systems, modeling and

Design of Real-Time Systems, Task scheduling, resource management, real-time operating systems,

fault tolerant techniques

Prescribed Text Books

T1. Liu, Jane W.S., Real Time Systems, Pearson Education, 2000.

T2. Laplante, Phillip A., Real-Time Systems Design and Analysis, WSE, 3rd

Ed., 2004.

Reference Books

R1. Li Quing, Real-Time Concepts for Embedded Systems, CMP books, paperback 2003

(Available on Books 24x7)

R2. Burns Allen and Wellings Andy, Concurrent and Real-Time Programming in ADA,

Cambridge University Press, paperback 2007

(Available on Books 24x7)

BITS ZG553 (Course Handout) First Semester 2011-2012 Page 2

Plan of Self Study

Week

No.

Learning Objectives Topics Chapter/Section of Text

book

1 Understand the Real-

Time Systems

Introduction to Real-Time Systems, Typical

Real-time Applications, Time related

activities, common misconceptions

T1- Ch.1

2 The importance of real-time constraints

Jobs and Processors, Timing constraints, Hard

Versus Soft Real-time Systems

T1- Ch.2

3 Be able to model real-

time system according to

reference model

A Reference Model of Real-time Systems :

Processors and resources, temporal, functional

and resource parameters

T1- Ch.3

4 Study various methods of

task scheduling

Approaches to Real-time Scheduling: Time

driven, priority driven, static, dynamic

approaches, Effective release time and

deadline

T1- Ch.4

5 Clock-driven scheduling

approach

Clock-Driven Scheduling : Cyclic scheduler,

cyclic executive, practical considerations

T1- Ch.5

6 Priority-driven

scheduling approach

Priority-Driven Scheduling of Periodic Tasks:

f ixed , dynamic priority, schedulability

analysis, practical factors

T1- Ch.6

7 How to schedule

aperiodic and sporadic

jobs

Scheduling Aperiodic and Sporadic Jobs in

Priority-Driven Systems : Approaches,

deferrable servers , simple sporadic servers

T1- Ch.7: 7.1-7.3, 7.7

8 Resource Management

and protocols

Resources, their usage, resource conflict,

contention,

T1-Ch.8 : 8.1-8.5

Syllabus for Mid-Semester Test (Closed Book): Topics in Week No. 1 to 8

9 Hardware issues in real-

time system Computer Hardware: CPU, Memory, I/O,

special devices

T2-Ch 2

10 Software issues in real-

time systems Programming Languages: assembly

language, procedural languages, object

oriented languages

T2-Ch 6

11 Programming approach The Software Life Cycle: properties of

software, phases in design

T2-Ch 5

12 How to define specific

requirements and design

techniques

Real-time Specification and Design

Techniques : formal methods in software

specifications

T2-Ch.4

13 Real-time operating

systems Real-Time Operating Systems , memory

management

T2-Ch.3: 3.1-3.2, 3.4

14 Achieving multitasking

and concurrency Intertask Communication and

Synchronization

T2-Ch.3: 3.3

15 Validation and

verification tecnhiques System Performance Analysis and

Optimization

T2-Ch 7: 7.1-7.5

16 Achieving redundancy

and reliability Reliability, Testing and Fault Tolerance T2-Ch.8:8.1-8.5

Syllabus for Comprehensive Exam (Open Book): All topics given in Plan of Self Study

BITS ZG553 (Course Handout) First Semester 2011-2012 Page 3

Evaluation Scheme:

EC

No.

Evaluation Component &

Type of Examination

Duration Weightage Day, Date, Session,Time

EC-1 Assignment/Quiz TBA 10% TBA

EC-2 Mid-Semester Test

(Closed Book)* 2 Hours 30% Saturday, 03/09/2011 (FN)*

10 AM – 12 Noon

EC-3 Comprehensive Exam

(Open Book)*

3 Hours 60% Saturday, 29/10/2011 (FN)*

9 AM – 12 Noon * Legend:

AN: Afternoon Session; FN: Forenoon Session; TBA : To be announced Closed Book Test: No reference material of any kind will be permitted inside the exam hall.

Open Book Exam: Use of any printed / written reference material (books and notebooks) will be

permitted inside the exam hall. Loose sheets of paper will not be permitted. Computers of any kind

will not be allowed inside the exam hall. Use of calculators will be allowed in all exams. No

exchange of any material will be allowed.

Note:

It shall be the responsibility of the individual student to be regular in maintaining the self study

schedule as given in the course handout, attend the online/on demand lectures as per details that

would be put up in the BITS WILP website www.bits-pilani.ac.in/dlp-home and take all the

prescribed components of the evaluation such as Mid Semester Test and Comprehensive

Examination according to the Evaluation Scheme given in the respective Course Handout. If the

student is unable to appear for the Regular Test/Examination due to genuine exigencies, the student

must refer to the procedure for applying for Make-up Test/Examination, which will be available

through the Important Information link on the BITS WILP website on the date of the Regular

Test/Examination. The Make-up Tests/Exams will be conducted only at selected exam centres on

the dates to be announced later.

Instructor-in-Charge