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BIOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE The Future! 23 rd of April, 2010 A presentation by Abubaker Siddiq...
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Transcript of BIOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE The Future! 23 rd of April, 2010 A presentation by Abubaker Siddiq...
BIOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTUREThe Future!
23rd of April, 2010 A presentation by Abubaker Siddiq Shekhani
Contents• Biotechnology• Areas of Applied Biotechnology• Conventional Methods
• Cross-Breeding & Hybridization• Modern Biotechnology• Biotechnology in Agriculture• Benefits• Issues & Concerns• Bio-Informatics in Agriculture• Biotechnology in Pakistan
WHAT IS BIOTECHNOLOGY?
‘United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity’, defines biotechnology as:
‘Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use’
http://www.biodiv.org/convention/convention.shtml
Biotechnology• Biotechnology is more than just a single
technology
• It is a field of biology that involves the use of living things in engineering, technology, medicine, etc
• It includes working with the living cells and their molecules and has a wide range of uses to improve our lives
APPLIED AREAS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Conventional Methods
• Cross-Breeding & Hybridization
• Problems– Undesirable
characteristics in offspring
– Removing of undesirable traits is time-consuming
http://www.scientificblogging.com/humboldt_fellow_and_science/blog/recent_advances_plant_biotechnology_applications_agriculture
MODERN BIOTECHNOLOGYBiotechnological techniques for the manipulation of genetic material and the fusion of cells beyond normal breeding barriers
Biotechnology in Agriculture
• Genetic Engineering– Recombinant DNA– Example (Genetically Modified Crops)
http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/graphicid/B9D85E99-D4C3-124C-D41C-CD13A3D47164
Genetic Engineering
• Genetically Modified Crop
http://www.cfs.gov.hk/english/programme/programme_gmf/programme_gmf_er_res2.html
BIOTECHNOLOGY: WHY IN AGRICULTURE
Responsible biotechnology is not the enemy; Hunger. Not have enough food at affordable prices; we cannot expect world health or peace
Knowlede Inn, Initials. (2010, Feb 09). “Biotechnology in agriculture.” Retrieved from http://kninn.blogspot.com/2010/02/biotechnology-application-in_09.html
Why in Agriculture
Source: www.wfp.org
BENEFITS
Benefits
Issues & Concerns
• Health Effects
• Ecological Risks
• Lack of Consumer Acceptance
• Food Safety Concerns
BIOINFORMATICS IN AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Bioinformatics in Agricultural Biotechnology
• Genome Analysis
• Computational Analysis of Genome sequenced data
• Identification of sequenced gene & gene expression pattern
• Collection of databases helps in Genome Mapping
BIOTECHNOLOGY IN PAKISTAN
•Agriculture constitutes the largest sector of our economy
•It contributes about 24 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
•It accounts for half of employed labor force
•It is the largest source of foreign exchange earnings
Source: http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/fbs/statistics/agriculture_statistics/agriculture_statistics.html
Agriculture Subsector Share
Subsectors Shares
Crops 47.9
Livestock 49.6
Fisheries 1.6
Forestry 0.9
Source: Malik, Dr. Kauser. “Agricultural in Biotechnology potential for economic Pakistan: potential for economic development”
Biotechnology in Pakistan• Status
– Use of biotechnology in agriculture sector started in 1985– Currently there are 29 biotech centers
• Institutes and Universities– Pakistan Biotechnology Information Center (PABIC)– 29 universities and government institutes are working in the field of
biotechnology– Member of Convention of Biological Diversity, and World Trade Organization– Forman Christian College University, Lahore
• Research Centers– National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering– Center of Excellence on Molecular Biology
Source: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_7098/is_5_90/ai_n28490423/
Innovative aspects of Biotechnology and its better awareness and dissemination
Source: http://www.pabic.com.pk/PABIC-launched-TV-channel.htm
GM Crops DevelopmentCrop FeatureCotton -Diamondback moth resistance with Bt gene
- Virus (CLCuV) resistance with RNAinterference (RNAi)
Rice -Salt tolerance with Yeast and Arabidopsis Na+/H+ antiporter genes
- Bacterial blight resistance with Xa21 gene
Potato Virus resistance
Sugarcane -Insect resistance with Cry gene
- chloroplast transformationTomato -Male sterility through RNAi
- Virus (TLCV) resistance through RNAi
Source: Malik, Dr. Kauser. “Agricultural in Biotechnology potential for economic Pakistan: potential for economic development”
Conclusion
“Biotechnology is used in agriculture and the use of bioinformatics in agricultural
biotechnology provides useful and efficient methods”