Biotechnology (b) Waste

SQA Questions

What you should know1. When untreated s_______ is added to rivers

bacteria f____ on and breakdown the sewage using up the ______. Fish and other animals ___ due to l___ of oxygen

2. U_______ sewage can spread c______, t______ and d_________

3. Sewage treatment includes its breakdown by d_____ microbes to products which are h__________ to the e___________.

4. C__________ breakdown of sewage is only possible in a_________ conditions as anaerobic respiration is much less e________ and only p________ digests the sewage.

ewageeed

oxygendie ack

ntreated holerayphoid ysentery

ecayarmless nvironmentomplete

erobicfficient

artially

5. Sewage contains many t_____ of waste so a r_____ of microbes is needed to break it down c________

6. During sewage treatment oxygen is provided by either t_______ the sewage over f_______ beds or bubbling c_________ air through the sewage

7. Microbes can improve (u_______) waste into useful products such as p_______ food from microbes grown on waste s_____ and m______ (biogas) from domestic waste dumps. Industry can make m_______ from this upgraded waste

ypes

ange

ompletely

rickling ilter

ompressed

pgrade

rotein

ugar ethane

oney

water

typhoid cholera dysentery

Microbes get energy

aerobic

Range of microbes used

8. Microbes can take l___ g_____ waste with little e______ or p______ and convert it to high grade material with h___ energy and/or high p_______

9. A______ and m______ are products of fermentation

10. Fermentation fuel is r________ whereas f_____ fuels are non renewable

11. Under s______ conditions, microbes can reproduce very rapidly by a_______ means

12. Microbes may be h_______ to provide p_____ rich f____ for animals or h_______

ow radenergy protein

igh

rotein

lcohol ethane

enewable

ossil

uitablesexual

arvested rotein

ood umans

13.When working with b________ in the lab you must use s_______ techniques to k__ microbes or p_______ c___________ e.g. washing surfaces with d___________ and h________ to a very high t___________

14.Bacteria can produce r__________ spores which can o_______ be killed by s______ cleaning at ____ °C

15.Microbes breakdown o______ matter to get e_______ and are important in the recycling of c______ and n________

acteria

terile

ill revent

ontamination

isinfectant eating

emperature

esistant

nly

team 125

rganic

nergy

arbon itrogen

Recycling

Nitrogen Cycle 1

Nitrates

Animal protein

Nitrites

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

Denitrifying bacteria

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

decay bacteria

decay bacteria

eats

nitrifying bacteria

nitrifying bacteria

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

decay bacteria

denitrifying bacteria

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

Animal protein

Nitrites

5132

Nitrates

Nitrifying bacteria

E eating

F uptake by roots

D nitrogen fixing

B denitrification

C decay and decomposition

Carbon cycle

Animal CHO

fuels

eats

RESPIRATION

photosynthesis

death death

Plant CHOburning

Photosynthesis

RESPIRATION

eats

death death

photosynthesis

respiration

respiration

Respiration by decay microbes

burning

eats

death

Dead bodies

Fossil fuels