Biosynthesis of Aminoacids (1)
description
Transcript of Biosynthesis of Aminoacids (1)
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,
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( ).
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(2)
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(3-
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(2-)
(4+
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(..Nitrosomonas)
(..Nitrobacter)
(.. Klebsiella
Azotobacter, Rhizobium)
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NN 2 NH3
2:
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Rhizobium
( )
2
( )
1011 g
, 60%
.
15% 25%
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(
225kcal/mol)
,
, 500
C 300.
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,
().
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(Fe)
(MoFe)
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e
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2+6e +6H+ 2NH3
1molH2 2molNH3
2+8e +8H+ 2NH3+2
2+8e +8H++16+162
2NH3+2+16DP+16Pi
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Fe
Fe (30kDa) 4Fe4S.
P
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22
1Mo
7Fe9 1
8 Fe7
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(240kDa) 22
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8 Fe 7 .
6
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MoFe
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: 7 Fe +1 Mo
FeN
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2+8e +8H+ 2NH3+2
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4+
Glu ()
Gln
H2N CH C
CH2
OH
O
CH2
C
OH
O
H2N CH C
CH2
OH
O
CH2
C
NH2
O
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-(
)
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NAD+: NADPH:
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Schiff
Schiff
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NADPH
Schiff
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L
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Schiff
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4+ + +P +ADP+Pi
Gln ++NADPH +H+ 2Glu +NADP+
!!!
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4
+ + - + NADPH + P Glu + NADP+ + ADP + Pi
4+ ,
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+
m Glu4+
( ~1 mM) 4
+ .
Glu4
+ .
.
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Arg
.
Arg
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Arg de
novo 10. 3
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E.coli
()
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- 3-
5-
4-
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Glu AlaGln Val1
Pro Leu1
Arg2 - 4-
3- Trp3
Ser Phe1
Gly Tyr1
Cys 5-
His1
AspAsn
Met1
Thr1
Lys1
Leu
1 2 3 Phe
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3-
5-
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(,,)
(PLP).
+ +
+ +
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PP
( PLP)
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L
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(L D)
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.
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, .
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4+
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Schiff
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()
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3
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de novo
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3
3
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2.
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PLP
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3.
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:
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5 10 .
.
, .
,CO2, .
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S
5
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S
S(SAM)
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S
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...
DNA
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DNA
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CysSer
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+
4
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+4
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(5)
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(5)
1()1
5
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1()1
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PLP
Schiff PLP Schiff
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Schiff
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(25)
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PLP
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7
3
5
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A A
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Asn Asp
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5
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,
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3
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. :
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. , , ().
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O
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( )
( )
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,
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3
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, . , : ,
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,
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, .
.
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12 .
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.
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,.
, D.
D
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PD UMP
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PD PA UTP ,
.
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CoA
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CoA
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()
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NAD+
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:GluCysGly
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: -
(Glu + Cys)
(Glu-Cys + Gly)
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(GSH)
(GSSG)
.
GSH/GSSG
500
(GSSG)
(GSH)
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GSH
:
2GSH + R-O-OH GSSG + H2O + ROH
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Se.
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Arg
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g
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8 26 .
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4
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. .
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12
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( )
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., .
. (4500
Fe/)
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Fe
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N2 NH4+ -
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