Biomolecules: You are what you eat

Obj.: B.9A: Students will be able to compare the structure and function of biomolecules,

including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Carbon

Carbon: it is called the building block life because carbon atoms are the basis of most molecules that make up living things.

Carbon is found nearly everywhere!

What happens to the food you eat?

• Food (made of biomolecules) gets broken down into its basic building blocks or monomers.

• Then, it is absorbed into the blood from the small intestines.

• Lastly, it is taken up by the trillions of cells in your body to be converted into energy (ATP) or building materials.

mitochondria

Definitions:

Biomolecules: any molecule that is found in living things.

Monomer: a molecule that binds to other molecules to make polymers.

Polymer: A large molecule that is made up of smaller molecules called monomers.

Element

Essential Elements of Life:

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorus

Which is known as the building block of life?

Biomolecules

4 Types of Biomolecules or Macromolecules: Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

We eat to produce ATP and building materials!

Carbohydrates

Made up of C,H,OFunction: source of energyExamples: sugar, rice, apples, breadPolymer: polysaccharide (carbohydrates)

Monomer: monosaccharide

Monosaccharide

Lipids

Made of C,H,OFunction: Store energyExamples: wax, oil, butter,

cholesterolStructure: 1 glycerol

and 3 fatty acids

Proteins Made of C,H,O,N Function: Building and repairing cells, speeds up or

slows down chemical reactions Examples: meat/muscle, hair, nails, enzymes Polymer: Polypeptide (proteins) Monomer: amino acid

Enzymes

Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the cell (catalysts).

Catabolism - breaking moleculesAnabolism – making molecules

Nucleic Acids

Made of C,H,O,N,P Function: Store genetic information, determines

physical appearance Example: DNA, RNA, ATP (energy) Polymer: nucleic acids Monomer: nucleotides

What biomolecule is the following?

What biomolecule is the following?

What biomolecule is the following?

What biomolecule is the following?

What biomolecule is the following?

What biomolecule is the following?

What biomolecule is the following?

What biomolecule is the following?

Biomolecules Foldable

Outside: Label 4 flaps: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids and draw your favorite biomolecule for each (add color)

Inside: Label each section: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids and Include the function, elements, structure, and 2 of your own examples for each biomolecule.