BIOMETRICS

Presented By Rickie Jackson

Outline– Introduction– Biometrics techniques– Strengths, and weaknesses– FAR/FRR– Major Players– Summary

What Is Biometrics

Biometrics is the reading of a unique human physical attribute as data, which is then applied to actuating a system.

Access control of Secure areas Replacing passwords on computers

or PDAs

Biometrics Techniques

Retina scanning Iris scanning Fingerprint scanning Hand scanning Face recognition Voice recognition & DSV Signature recognition Keystroke recognition

Retinal Scanning

User Looks Into a Viewer and Focuses on a Point; Infrared Light Scans Retina

Iris ScanningUser looks at a camera (distance from camera increasing rapidly to 2-3 feet)

Finger Scanning

User Places Finger on Scanning Device

Hand Scanning

User Places Hand on Device

Facial Recognition

User Looks at Camera

User speaks into a microphone or other device, such as a telephone handset

Signature Recognition

Keystroke Recognition

User signs name on a device

User types standard sample on keyboard

Voice Recognition & DSV

Other Techniques

Strengths, and Weakness

Retina

Iris

Fingerprint

Hand/Finger Geometry

Face Recognition

Voice Recognition

Signature Recognition

Keystroke Recognition

Technique Strengths

Retina Highly accurate

Iris Highly accurate; works with eyeglasses; more acceptable to users than retina scan

Fingerprint Mature technology; highly accurate; low cost; small size, becoming widely acceptable

Hand/Finger Geometry accurate and flexible; widely acceptable to users

Face Recognition Widely acceptable to users; low cost; no direct contact; passive monitoring possible

Voice Recognition Usable over existing telephone system; good for remote access and monitoring;

Signature Recognition Widely acceptable to users

Keystroke Recognition Widely acceptable to users; low cost; uses existing hardware

Technique Weaknesses

Retina Inconvenient for persons with eyeglasses; dislike contact with device and light beam

Iris New technology, cost, although this is rapidly changing

Fingerprint Users can create high FRR; some persons dislike contact with device

Hand/Finger Geometry User interface is bulky; dislike contact with device

Face Recognition Face recognition is less accurate than other methods

Voice Recognition Less accuracy; subject to background noise

Signature Recognition Less accuracy; not widely used yet, but has potential with PDAs

Keystroke Recognition Less accuracy;

FAR & FRR

FAR(False Acceptance rate) – refers to how often the system accepts someone it should reject

AND

FRR(False Rejection Rate) is how often the system rejects someone it shouldn’t.

FARAccept wrong person

FRRReject the correct person

HighSecurity LevelLow

Relation of FAR and FRR

Major Players

Computer access Physical access Handheld devices Military/Govt. Agencies/DOD Financial services Hospitals Telecommunication

Summary As biometric technology advances, the cost of systems

will decrease. At the same time, biometrics systems will become

increasingly sophisticated and accurate. Scientist will physical and behavioral traits will

increase the usefulness of biometrics. The general public will gradually come to accept

biometric system.

References

Fuller, Scott and Pagan, Kevin 1997. Intranet Firewalls “Planning and Implementing Your Network Security System.” Ventana Communications Group, Inc.

Conry-Murray, Andrew. Network Magazine. Oct. 1, 2002. p28 Securing End Users from Attack.

 McCollum, T. Security concerns prompt new initiatives. The Internal Auditor. Oct. 2002.

Short, Bob. September 2002. Getting the 411 on Biometrics. Security Magazine. p48.

Tocci, Salvatore. 2000. High-Tech IDs: From Finger Scans To Voice Patterns. Grolier Publishing

 Mitnick, Kevin & Simon, William L. The Art of Deception: Controlling the Human Element of Security. Library Journal.