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![Page 1: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Biology Unit 4 Review
Flashcards*Questions about Food Chains
& Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!
![Page 2: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is the equation for Photosynthesis?
Sunlight + 6Carbon Dioxide + 6Water Glucose + 6Oxygen
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Describe the energy conversion that takes place during Photosynthesis.
Sunlight (Light/Kinetic Energy ) is converted into Chemical Potential
Energy (stored in the bonds of glucose).
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Which organisms “do” Photosynthesis?
Autotrophs or Producers
![Page 5: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is the equation for Respiration?
Glucose + 6Oxygen 6Carbon Dioxide + 6Water + ATP
![Page 6: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Describe the energy transfer that takes place during Respiration.
Chemical Potential Energy is transferred from the bonds of
Glucose to the phosphate bonds of ATP.
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Which organisms do Respiration ONLY?
Heterotrophs…
But remember that autotrophs do Photosynthesis & Respiration
![Page 8: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What role do Autotrophs play in the cycling of energy?
Autotrophs take in light-energy and convert it into chemical potential
energy stored in sugars…..
![Page 9: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What role do Heterotrophs play in the cycling of energy?
Heterotrophs consume the sugars produced during photosynthesis, and release their stored energy to
make ATP…
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How much energy, from a given trophic level, transfers to the
next?
Approximately 10%
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How much energy, from a given trophic level, is lost as heat?
Approximately 90%
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Which trophic level has the MOST available energy?
The FIRST.
![Page 13: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Which trophic level has the LEAST amount of available
energy?
The FOURTH.
![Page 14: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Where do you start counting for Trophic Levels?
The producers/autotrophs/plants!
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Where do you start counting for Heterotroph / Consumer Levels?
The first Animal!!
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What is matter?
Anything with mass and volume.
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What is energy?
The ability to do work.
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What are the 2 types of energy?
Potential & Kinetic
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What does the Law of Thermodynamics state?
• Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
• Energy is converted.• Every time energy is converted,
some is “lost”, thus increasing disorder or entropy in a system.
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What is the original energy source for an ecosystem?
Sun
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What are the first organisms in any food chain?!
Autotrophs or Producers
Examples:PlantsAlgae
Phytoplankton
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What is an autotroph?
An organism which can make its own food by converting
sunlight/chemical energy into sugars.
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What is a heterotroph?
An organism which cannot make its own food, and has to eat other
plants/animals.
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What does abiotic mean?
Non-living.
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What are some abiotic aspects/factors in an ecosystem?
• The amount of sunlight
• The temperature
• The amount of water
• The quality of the water
• The concentration of acid/salt in water
• The types of minerals present
• Soil Type
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What does biotic mean?
living
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What are some biotic aspects/factors within an
ecosystem?
• Plants
• Numbers & Types of Plants
• Animals
• Numbers & Types of Animals
• Anything living!
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What would happen if all autotrophs were removed from
an ecosystem?
All animals would eventually die because they would not have
usable energy!
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What would happen if all herbivores were removed from
an ecosystem?
• Plant populations would increase
• Carnivore/Omnivore populations would decrease
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What would happen if all carnivores were removed from an
ecosystem?
• Herbivore & Omnivore populations would increase
• Plant populations would decrease
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What is an herbivore?
An organism which eats plant material only.
![Page 32: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
What is a carnivore?
An organism which eats animal material only.
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What is an omnivore?
An organism whose diet is balanced with plant and animal
material.
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What is a decomposer?
An organism which consumes dead plant and animal matter, releasing
the nutrients back into the ecosystem.
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What is most of the energy obtained by organisms used for?
• Life processes
• Respiration
• Moving
• Reproducing
• Maintaining Homeostasis
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Why is matter recycled, but energy flows through an
ecosystem?
• Matter = Atoms– Matter is only transformed– Not broken down or “lost” or “unusable”
• Energy – Energy is constantly converted– Energy is always “lost”– Only available energy continues through
(flowing in one direction)
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How is carbon stored on earth?
• Carbon Dioxide in the air…
• Carbon in all living things…
• In the ground as fossil fuels…
• In the ocean as dissolved Carbon Dioxide…
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Which organisms play a CRUCIAL role in the cycling of
nitrogen?
• Bacteria
• Legumes
• Decomposers
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How do bacteria cycle nitrogen?
• Convert Nitrogen Gas into Ammonia
• Convert Ammonia into Nitrates
![Page 40: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
How do autotrophs cycle carbon?
They take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and release carbon in the
form of glucose….
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How do heterotrophs cycle carbon?
They consume carbon-based glucose, and release waste and
carbon dioxide gas into the atmosphere…
![Page 42: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
What is a food chain?
A single series of feeding relationships in an ecosystem.
![Page 43: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
What is a food web?
A diagram which shows the complex interaction of all
organisms within an ecosystem.
![Page 44: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
A Wolf eats a Frog that ate a Fly that ate some Grass…… Which organism
has the MOST energy?
The grass…
![Page 45: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
A Wolf eats a Frog that ate a Fly that ate some Grass…… Which organism
has the LEAST energy?
The Wolf…
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A Wolf eats a Frog that ate a Fly that ate some Grass…… Which
heterotroph has the MOST energy?
The Fly…
![Page 47: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
A Wolf eats a Frog that ate a Fly that ate some Grass…… What is/are the
autotroph/s?
The grass.
![Page 48: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
A Wolf eats a Frog that ate a Fly that ate some Grass…… What are the
heterotrophs?
• Fly
• Frog
• Wolf
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A Wolf eats a Frog that ate a Fly that ate some Grass…… Which organism
is the herbivore?
The Fly.
![Page 50: Biology Unit 4 Review Flashcards *Questions about Food Chains & Food Webs should come from your Review Packet!!](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062322/56649f1c5503460f94c31bbb/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
A Wolf eats a Frog that ate a Fly that ate some Grass…… List out the
trophic levels.
• Grass = 1st Trophic level
• Fly = 2nd Trophic level
• Frog = 3rd Trophic level
• Wolf = 4th Trophic level
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A Wolf eats a Frog that ate a Fly that ate some Grass…… List out the
Consumer Levels.
• Fly = 1st Consumer level
• Frog = 2nd Consumer level
• Wolf = 3rd Consumer level